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  • Articles  (15)
  • biodegradation  (15)
  • Springer  (15)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (15)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrocellulose degradation by a coculture ofSclerotium rolfsii andFusarium solani (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: nitrate ester ; nitrocellulose ; propellant ; biodegradation ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; Fusarium solani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Aerobic degradation of nitrocellulose in submerged cultivation (31% in a 3-day period) was accomplished by a combination ofSclerotium rolfsii ATCC 24459 andFusarium solani IFO 31093. Evidence for the degradation includes a decrease in the nitrocellulose weight, an increase in the biomass weight, and reduction of the pH to 2.0. The extent of nitrocellulose biodegradation was probably limited by the low pH produced when the buffering capacity of the culture medium was exhausted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental applications of immobilized microbial cells: A review (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 79-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: alginate ; bacteria ; biodegradation ; bioremediation ; κ-carrageenan ; encapsulation ; immobilization ; microorganisms ; soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Immobilized microbial cells have been used extensively in various industrial and scientific endeavours. However, immobilized cells have not been used widely for environmental applications. This review examines many of the scientific and technical aspects involved in using immobilized microbial cells in environmental applications, with a particular focus on cells encapsulated in biopolymer gels. Some advantages and limitations of using immobilized cells in bioreactor studies are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570068
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioventing of diesel oil-contaminated soil: Comparison of degradation rates in soil based on actual oil concentration and on respirometric data (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 110-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: bioventing ; biodegradation ; respirometry ; inoculation ; nutrients ; diesel oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of bioventing, nutrient addition and inoculation with an oil-degrading bacterium on biodegradation of diesel oil in unsaturated soil were investigated. A mesocosm system was constructed consisting of six soil compartments each containing 6 m3 of naturally contaminated soil mixed 1∶1 with silica sand, resulting in a diesel oil content of approximately 2000 mg kg−1. Biodegradation was monitored over 112 days by determining the actual diesel oil content of the soil and by respirometric tests. The best agreement between calculations of degradation rates based upon the two methods was in July, when venting in combination with nutrient addition resulted in degradation rates of 23 mg kg−1 day−1 based on actual oil concentration in the soil and 33 mg kg−1 day−1 calculated from respirometric data. In September, these rates decreased to 9 and 1.4 mg kg−1 day−1, and in October the degradation rates were 5 and 0.7 mg kg−1 day−1 based upon the two methods. The average ambient temperature during the respirometric tests was 14,10 and 2°C in July, September and October, respectively. The combination of venting and nutrient addition resulted in an average residual oil content of the soil of 380 mg kg−1. Neither venting alone nor inoculation enhanced oil degradation. The respiratory quotient averaged 0.40. The oil composition changed following degradation resulting in the unresolved complex mixture constituting up to 96% of the total oil content at the end of the experimental period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570070
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation and evaporation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in liquid media (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: biodegradation ; evaporation ; polychlorinated biphenyls ; PCB ; Alcaligenes xylosoxidans ; Pseudomonas stutzeri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract During microbial degradation of PCBs in a liquid medium, two processes influence the PCB concentration in the medium simultaneously: biodegradation and evaporation. The physical loss of PCB due to evaporation frequently causes false positive results in biodegradation experiments. Therefore, if only PCBs are monitored, the determination of the PCB concentration in both liquid and gaseous phases is necessary for a correct appraisal of biodegradation. The kinetics of PCB evaporation and biodegradation were monitored and described by a simple mathematical model. The evaporation and biodegradation rate constants for individual PCB congeners were determined for PCB degradation in liquid medium byPseudomonas stutzeri andAlcaligenes xylosoxidans, both isolated from a longterm PCB-contaminated soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570042
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation for bacteria and fungi for the hydrolysis of phthalate and terephthalate esters (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 301-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: phthalate esters ; biodegradation ; Rhodococcus ; Aureobacterium ; Flavobacterium ; Fusarium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial and fungal strains were isolated from enrichment cultures using diethylphthalate, diethylterephthalate, or ethylene glycol dibenzoate as sole carbon sources.Aureobacterium, Flavobacterium, andMicrococcus species were isolated from diethylphthalate enrichments;Rhodococcus andXanthomonas species were isolated from diethylterephthalate enrichments;Rhodococcus andFusarium species were isolated from ethylene glycol dibenzoate enrichments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570038
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of bacterial strains capable of using lupanine, the predominant quinolizidine alkaloid in white lupin, as sole carbon and energy source (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 17 (1996), S. 110-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: lupanine ; quinolizidine alkaloids ; BIOLOG ; bacterial isolation ; biodegradation ; lupin debittering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Seven Gram-negative bacterial strains, capable of using lupanine, the predominant quinolizidine alkaloid in white lupin, as sole carbon and energy source, were isolated from soil in whichLupinus albus andL. luteus had been grown. A metabolic profile system (BIOLOG) identified only three of the seven isolates, two asXanthomonas oryzae pvoryzae E and one asGluconobacter cerinus. The maximum specific growth rates of the seven isolates when incubated at 27°C in a medium containing as sole carbon source 2 g L−1 of lupanine, ranged from 0.05 to 0.13 h−1 and the concentration of dry biomass at the stationary phase ranged from 0.7 to 1.1 g L−1. Unidentified strains IST20B and IST40D exhibited the highest maximum specific growth rates (0.13h−1), removed 99% of the initial lupanine after 30 h of incubation, and the dry biomass yields did not exceed 0.4 g per g lupanine consumed. Strain IST20B is of potential use forL. albus debittering because, after 32 h growth in aqueous extracts ofL. albus, 85% of initial alkaloids were removed while the concentration of soluble protein was only reduced by 8%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570053
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alginate encapsulation and selected disinfectants on survival of and phenanthrene mineralization byPseudomonas sp UG14Lr in creosote-contaminated soil (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 62-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: alginate-encapsulated cells ; Pseudomonas ; soil ; survival ; biodegradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The survival and phenanthrene-mineralizing ability of free and alginate-encapsulatedPseudomonas sp UG14Lr cells were examined in a creosote-contaminated soil. Alginate encapsulation adversely affected both survival and phenanthrene mineralization. This was postulated to be due to concentration of water-soluble toxic compounds in the alginate beads. Toxicity studies showed that the concentrated water-soluble fraction of the creosote-contaminated soil may be toxic toPseudomonas sp UG14Lr in soil with a low moisture content. Survival of alginate-encapsulated cells improved with increasing soil moisture content. Free cells survived well at a steady population of 108 CFU g−1 dry soil for 28 days in the creosote-contaminated soil. However, phenanthrene mineralization was not improved compared to the uninoculated control. This was attributed to the existence of indigenous phenanthrene-mineralizing microorganisms already present in this contaminated soil. The effect of calcium hypochlorite and Germiphene on survival of and phenanthrene mineralization by free and alginate-encapsulatedPseudomonas sp UG14Lr cells in creosote-contaminated soil was also studied. Addition of 0.1% (w/w dry soil) calcium hypochlorite reduced the introduced free cells to below detection limits (10 CFU g−1 dry soil) within 14 days, while Germiphene had no effect on cell numbers. Phenanthrene mineralization by free cells was not adversely affected by treatment with calcium hypochlorite or Germiphene. Survival of alginate-encapsulated cells after treatment with disinfectants was as poor as that without disinfection. The results show that alginate encapsulation may not be a suitable formulation for introduction ofPseudomonas sp UG14Lr into creosote-contaminated soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569923
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of BTEX compounds in liquid media and in peat biofilters (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 309-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: biofilter ; BTEX ; biodegradation ; vapours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A mixed culture, enriched from Sphagnum peat moss, contaminated with gasoline vapours, degraded individual and mixed components of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene). Complete degradation of radiolabelled toluene by the mixed culture was observed in mineralisation studies. Individual isolates from a mixed culture containingPseudomonas maltophilia, P. testosteroni andP. putida biotype A exhibited contrasting BTEX degradation patterns. WhileP. putida biotype A degraded all of the BTEX compounds,P. maltophilia andP. testosteroni, appeared unable to degrade benzene and xylenes, respectively. When the peat, inoculated with the mixed culture, was used as a biofilter (6.2 cm diameter ×93 cm length) for degradation of toluene and ethylbenzene vapours, percentage removal efficiencies were 99 and 85, respectively. When the capacity of the biofilter to degrade a combination of BTEX compounds was evaluated, percentage removal efficiencies for toluene, ethylbenzene,p-xylene,o-xylene and benzene were 99, 85, 82, 80 and 78, respectively. The importance of using the mixed culture as an inoculum in the biofilter was established and also the relationship between contaminated vapour flow rate and percentage removal efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570040
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodiversity of microorganisms that degrade bacterial and synthetic polyesters (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 17 (1996), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: bioplastics ; biodiversity ; biodegradation ; streptomycetes ; polyhydroxyalkanoates ; poly(ε-caprolactone) ; BIONOLLE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The biodiversity and occurrence in nature of bioplastic-degrading microorganisms are exemplified by the identification of 695 strains, isolated from different environments, such as soils, composts, natural waters, and sludge, that are able to degrade the bacterial polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)in vitro. These microorganisms belong to at least 57 different taxa, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, streptomycetes, and moulds. The literature on the biodiversity of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-degrading microorganisms is reviewed. The degrading abilities of 171 streptomycete strains were investigated on four different bacterial poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), and the synthetic polyesters poly(ε-caprolactone) and BIONOLLE, and most of these strains degraded at least three different polymers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01574777
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial degradation of alkenylbenzenes (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 207-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Alkenylbenzenes ; biodegradation ; bioremediation ; microorganisms ; styrene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Alkenylbenzenes are produced in large quantities by the petrochemical industry. The simplest of these alkenylbenzenes, styrene, is in widespread use in the polymer-processing industry and is thus found in many industrial effluents. Airborne gaseous emissions of styrene are particular problems due to the potential toxicity and carcinogenicity of the compound. The catabolic pathways involved in the degradation of styrene have been well characterised. With an increased knowledge of the adaptative response which microorganisms exhibit when exposed to higher styrene concentrations, together with an understanding of the genetic regulation of the catabolic pathways which operate in these microbial strains, it is likely that these organisms could be exploited in areas such as biotransformations, biocatalysis and bioremediation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360916
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short communication: Benzene metabolism via the intradiol cleavage in a Rhodococcus sp. (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 653-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Benzene ; biodegradation ; Rhodococcus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Benzene was metabolized by Rhodococcus sp. 33 through the intradiol cleavage (ortho-) pathway producing cis-benzene glycol, catechol and cis, cis-muconic acid as the intermediates. This is the first elucidation of the pathway by which benzene is degraded by a gram-positive organism. The enzyme assays have also suggested that Rhodococcus 33 does not have a fully functional tricarboxylic acid cycle but may have an operational glyoxylate bypass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327733
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of temperature on eicosane substrate uptake modes by a marine bacterium Pseudomonas nautica strain 617: relationship with the biochemical content of cells and supernatants (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 13 (1997), S. 587-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Adherence ; biodegradation ; biosurfactants ; marine bacterium ; n -alkane ; temperature effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Three hydrocarbon uptake modes (adherence, emulsification and solubilization) were identified and quantified in cells and supernatants of a mesophilic marine bacterium Pseudomonas nautica strain 617 grown on eicosane. The adherence capacity was related to the enrichment of cells with wax esters and glycolipids. The emulsifying activity was related to the presence of extracellular biosurfactants composed of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids (35:63:2). The intensity of substrate uptake modes was sensitive to temperatures currently found in the original environment of P. nautica (16°C, 20°C and 32°C). When temperature decreased, a significant increase in adherence and emulsifying activity was observed in relation to biochemical changes, whereas solubilizing activity decreased. The marine bacterium was able to degrade 53–59% eicosane at the end of exponential growth after 13, 5 and 3 days incubation at 16°C, 20°C and 32°C respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018581829320
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of phenol and cresol isomer mixtures by Arthrobacter (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 13 (1997), S. 659-663 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Arthrobacter ; biodegradation ; competitive inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The Arthrobacter species can degrade phenol, o-cresol and p-cresol much faster (as reflected in high specific growth rates) than other microbes which are reported to degrade toxic compounds. In mixtures, phenol and p-cresol mutually inhibited each other; the inhibition constants show that phenol degradation is strongly inhibited in the presence of p-cresol rather than reverse. o-Cresol enhanced phenol degradation marginally but o-cresol degradation was not affected by the presence of phenol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018518904730
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance and efficiency of a yeast biofilter for the treatment of a Nigerian fertilizer plant effluent (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 515-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Biofilter ; biodegradation ; effluent ; fertilizer ; immobilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A biofilter composed of yeasts and cassava peel was used to detoxify fertilizer plant effluent. The biological oxygen demand was reduced on treatment from a range of 1200–1400 mg/l to a range 135–404 mg/l. The ammonia-nitrogen (NH3–N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–N) were reduced after treatment from 1000 to 10 mg/l and from 100 to 17.6 mg/l, respectively. The biofilter is simple and easy to handle with high efficiency of 98%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008931824416
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid-precipitable polymeric lignin from hardwood lignocellulose: production by a Streptomyces sp. (1995)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 353-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Acid-precipitable polymeric lignin ; biodegradation ; lignocellulose ; Streptomyces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A Streptomyces sp. isolate, from decayed wood shavings, solubilized lignocellulose (LC) and lignin of Pinus radiata, producing about 50 mg acid-precipitable polymeric lignin per g LC. The product was poor in protein and carbohydrates and contained mainly vanillin, guaicol, vanillic and ferulic acids. Hardwood LC is thus suitable for producing APPL as a phenolic chemical feedstock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367119
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