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  • Emerald  (17,283)
  • 2020-2021
  • 2000-2004  (17,283)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brand alliance dependency and exclusivity: an empirical investigation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 13 (2004), S. 477-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper examines the effects of resource dependency and contract exclusivity on the attitudes and intentions of consumers in brand alliances. Findings indicate that attitudes of the brands before the alliance (pre-attitudes) have a positive effect on the attitude toward the alliance, which has a positive effect on perceived quality of the alliance, willingness to pay a premium price and purchase intention. Further, attitudes toward the brands after the alliance (post-attitudes) reveal a positive spillover effect for both the host and ally brands. Interestingly, the moderating effects of dependency and exclusivity differ based on whether the brand serves as the host or the ally brand in the alliance. Analyses conducted after controlling for the effects of familiarity of the ally brands revealed consistent results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420410568417
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Building brand loyalty through individual stock ownership (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 13 (2004), S. 488-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Building brand loyalty has become more important, yet more difficult to achieve in today's marketplace. This research investigates a possible avenue for building brand loyalty that is not directly related to the marketing of the product - attracting individual investors in the brand's corporate parent. A survey of over 500 individual investors revealed that individual investors do tend to buy brands from companies in which they hold stock, and investors may buy stock in a company because they have experience with the brand. In contrast with brand loyalty, where consumers will not buy competitive offerings, individual investors indicated they would buy competitive offerings, suggesting that stock ownership is more likely to lead to repeat purchase behavior, but not brand loyalty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420410568426
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of e-mail marketing on brand loyalty (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 13 (2004), S. 498-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The study examines the effects of e-mail marketing on brand loyalty and also reveals the kinds of e-mail content valued by consumers. Data were gathered from 890 consumers, who were users of a multinational cosmetics brand and had received regular permission-based e-mail messages from the marketer. Results reveal that regular e-mail marketing has positive effects on brand loyalty. E-mail-activated consumers visited retail stores. Consumers exposed to e-mail marketing recommended the brand to their friends. Loyal customers appreciated regular communication and various other information content from the brand more than mere offers. These results encourage marketers to keep in frequent contact with customers via e-mail with the aim of enhancing brand loyalty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420410568435
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluating potential brand associations through conjoint analysis and market simulation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 13 (2004), S. 506-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A novel method for evaluating the benefits of a potential brand association is presented. The uniqueness of the method is considering brand association as just another product attribute, subject to the usual analysis used to determine the attributes desired by consumers in a new product. The method was illustrated using automobile tires as the product, and designation of the tire as the "Official" tire of NASCAR as the brand association. A set of tire profiles was created, describing hypothetical tires as combinations of levels of five attributes. Subjects ranked these profiles for preference, and this preference was decomposed through conjoint analysis to yield part-worths for each attribute level for each subject. Association with NASCAR had an average impact of 14.8 percent on consumer preference, comparable with that of speed rating (13.8 percent), and not much below that of brand (20.5 percent). Rudimentary market simulation suggested that associating the underdog tire brand with NASCAR would result in dramatically improved market share. Evaluating potential brand associations by their simulated effects on market share may be a useful managerial tool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420410568444
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of price endings on price recall: a by-digit analysis (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 13 (2004), S. 514-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Although it has been proposed that recall processes play a role in the retail sales effects of 9-ending pricing, substantial effects of price endings on the level of recalled prices has not been demonstrated. With an improved testing procedure, it is found that the level of a set of prices with low ending digits (such as 1 or 2 in the dollars place) is more likely to be overestimated in recall than the level of equivalent sets of prices with high ending digits (such as 6, 7, or 9 in the dollars place). The results of the study support the role of left-to-right processing of price information and point out some consequences for retailers of the use of low numbers in price-ending digits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420410568453
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Price-tier competition: an integrative review (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 276-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The nature of competition between different tiers (e.g. high-tier vs low-tier brands) has become an important research domain for academic researchers and marketing managers. Although research on inter-tier competition is growing at an increasing rate, there has not been a comprehensive attempt to summarize the research in this stream. The objective of this article is to synthesize the research on inter-tier competition, extract the key findings, discuss managerial implications, and offer future research directions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010347083
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using quantitative models for setting retail prices (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 304-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Products that have a short selling season face high uncertainty in demand. Retailers who sell such products therefore find the task of pricing and inventory challenging. Many retailers consider making these decisions as an art form and do not use quantitative models that are developed by researchers. Describes how retailers typically make pricing and inventory decisions and also reviews quantitative models that have been developed by researchers to improve on one or more of these decisions. A classification of these models is developed and how they can assist the retailer is explained. A simple explanation of two mathematical tools, Bayesian updating of information and dynamic programming, which are commonly mentioned in the literature are also given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010347100
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    The measurement and dimensionality of brand associations (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 350-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The purpose of the research reported here was to test empirically a conceptualization of brand associations that consists of three dimensions: brand image, brand attitude and perceived quality. A better understanding of brand associations is needed to facilitate further theoretical development and practical measurement of the construct. Three studies were conducted to: test a protocol for developing product category specific measures of brand image; investigate the dimensionality of the brand associations construct; and explore whether the degree of dimensionality of brand associations varies depending upon a brand's familiarity. Findings confirm the efficacy of the brand image protocol and indicate that brand associations differ across brands and product categories. The latter finding supports the conclusion that brand associations for different products should be measured using different items. As predicted, dimensionality of brand associations was found to be influenced by brand familiarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010356966
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advertising vs sales promotion: a brand management perspective (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 389-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Brand managers in packaged goods firms are under pressure to increase or maintain high sales promotion spending at the expense of media advertising. This study investigates the antecedents and outcomes of brand managers' advertising and sales promotion budget allocations by adopting a bounded rationality perspective. Based on survey data collected from 165 brand managers in the USA, higher advertising (vs sales promotion) allocations are associated with: single, relatively high priced brands in the early phases of the product life cycle; and more experienced brand managers who are subject to less retail influence. Also, brands with higher budget allocations to advertising, relative to sales promotion, tend to have more favorable consumer attitudes, stronger brand equity, and higher market share increases and profits. Managerial implications and areas for future study are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010356984
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consumer perceptions of generic products: a Mexican study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 446-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Previous research studies on generic products focus mainly on mature markets such as the USA. These studies measure consumer perceptions of all generic products as a whole, with respect to price and quality. With the passing of the NAFTA, retailers' interest in the relatively young Mexican market has increased. The purpose of this study is to determine Mexican consumers' overall perceptions of generic grocery products, to examine if there are any differences in perception across demographic groups and to determine if there are differences in the perception of generic products across product categories. Two variables were examined: risk perception of generic products and satisfaction with generic products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010351385
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
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    Toward effective use of cause-related marketing alliances (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 9 (2000), S. 472-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Companies have become increasingly active in developing relationships between their brands and popular causes in such areas as the environment (e.g. nature conservancy) and health issues (e.g. breast cancer awareness crusade). As such alliances become a more important strategic component of the brand's marketing mix, managers seek direction as to how to generate the most impact with these tie-ins. This article uses associative learning principles as a framework for understanding how to facilitate building connections between brands and causes so as to increase the value of this highly visible marketing activity. Specific associative learning principles are detailed and applied, improving the use of cause-related marketing alliances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420010351394
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Home with ET - Elsik technology (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This article profiles the technology-rich environment at Elsik High School in the Alief Intermediate School District on the west side of Houston. The district's $16 million commitment to technology by 2001 is explored. The instructional benefits are featured by departments with a basic outline as to what students are doing in a strong instructional program that is technology-based. Implementation ideas by departments are demonstrated from the art department to the sciences and social studies. After departments are highlighted, the technology available to the administrators, teachers, and staff is showcased. Online technologies, video distribution, and video conferencing are discussed. All of the technological tools and implementation of these tools into and across the curriculum demonstrate Elsik High School's commitment to integrate technology into each and every classroom to better prepare students for the new millenium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010350873
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
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    Diversified use of ICT in education (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Fachhochschule JOANNEUM (FH JOANNEUM), a university of applied science, founded the Centre for Multimedia and Learning (CML) in 1998, in order to provide support for lecturers in implementing computer-supported learning strategies within their classes. Now, after two years of work and different approaches applied, the CML has developed a strategy which promises a sustainable development for the highly diversified courses offered at the university. Within this article, evaluation results of three different approaches are described and the future strategy of a bottom-up approach is outlined. Based on the results, an in-house training program for the teaching staff has been developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010360520
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  • 14
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    Selecting the neural network topology for student modelling of prediction of corporate bankruptcy (2001)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 18 (2001), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Neural network topology selection refers to a systematic procedure for selecting between competing models. Naturally, it is regarded as a key aspect in optimisation and replicability of neural network performance. When constructing neural network topologies, it is necessary to determine from the outset the general taxonomy of the neural network architectures to be constructed. The taxonomy considered in this study is the general taxonomy of time-varying patterns which subsumes many existing architectures in the literature and points to several promising neural network architectures that have yet to be examined. The context of the problem is that choosing the right neural network topology for use in a particular domain such as corporate bankruptcy prediction with optimum generalisation performance is not, in any case, a trivial problem. The results of experiments presented in this paper would serve as a baseline against which to select between two competing architectures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740110364390
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  • 15
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    ActiveBook: a framework for optimizing Internet technologies in education (2001)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 18 (2001), S. 28-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper describes several problems with the current Internet technologies and the way they are currently utilized in education and proposes an innovative solution. First, the paper discusses an activity matrix that maps learning activities involved in business education along two dimensions: level of monitoring and level of interaction. The paper then proposes a unifying framework that utilizes emerging Internet technologies to support these learning activities. The framework goes beyond a simple piece of software at the client level to provide a complete solution with the student client, the instructor client and the server level software. Furthermore, the paper describes the architecture, features and specific technologies used in an actual education support system developed from the framework.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740110364417
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
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    Experiences with multiskilling among non-union craft workers in US industrial construction projects (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 374-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Multiskilling refers to a labour utilization strategy in which workers learn multiple skills in one or more trades outside of their primary trade. Over 700 non-union craft workers across the USA were surveyed as part of a research effort. The data collected show that a slight increase in the breadth of skills positively impacts a worker's hourly wage, but only a weak relationship was found between multiskilling and more continuous employment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509345
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  • 17
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    Dilettantes, discipline and discourse: requirements management for construction (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 354-367 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Requirements management (RM), as practised in the aerospace and defence sectors, attracts interest from construction researchers in response to longstanding problems of project definition. Doubts are expressed whether RM offers a new discipline for construction practitioners or whether it repeats previous exhortations to adopt a more disciplined way of working. Whilst systems engineering has an established track record of addressing complex technical problems, its extension to socially complex problems has been challenged. The dominant storyline of RM is one of procedural rationality and RM is commonly presented as a means of controlling dilettante behaviour. Interviews with RM practitioners suggest a considerable gulf between the dominant storyline in the literature and how practitioners operate in practice. The paper challenges construction researchers interested in RM to reflect more upon the theoretical debates that underpin current equivalent practices in construction and the disparity between espoused and enacted practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310502964
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  • 18
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    Knowledge management in consulting engineering - joining IT and human resources to support the production of knowledge (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This article discusses how information technology and human resource oriented management tools can be integrated using their respective strengths to enable knowledge production. Two companies' KM strategies encompassing a strong IT-component in combination with organisation, training and office design are analysed. Their experience shows that joining information technology with the human resource oriented tools is a necessary precondition for success in KM-efforts. Second, in the large company, there is still a relative overemphasis on "circumstantial" frames for knowledge production and too little focus on dynamics in knowledge producing processes. In contrast, the medium sized company is experimenting with soft tools used directly in the processes of the customer-oriented projects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509363
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  • 19
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    Application of the analytic hierarchy process to prioritise irrigation asset renewals: the case of the La Khe irrigation scheme, Vietnam (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 382-390 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: In recent years, many organisations responsible for economic infrastructure have developed asset management systems to improve the financial and service performance of their facilities. Asset management is an integrated approach to improving the ability of an irrigation system to deliver water at a defined level of service in the most cost-effective manner. This paper describes how the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to identify priorities for asset renewals in the La Khe irrigation scheme in North Vietnam. The AHP methodology was coupled with the expected maximum utility (EMU) to evaluate renewal priorities of assets grouped by types and by location within the hydraulic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509354
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  • 20
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    Marketing and architects in South Africa (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 402-412 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: There is a general sentiment against the idea of marketing among architectural professionals. This paper argues for the necessity of a marketing approach particularly in times where the workload is declining. This paper looks at the marketing strategies that the Western Cape architects follow. It examines their efforts in building a successful marketing portfolio that defines marketing targets, utilizes proper marketing tools, and carry on helpful image building tasks. The data were collected using a mailed questionnaire to all principals of architectural offices in the Western Cape Province. The concluding section relates these strategies with the perception of growth over a five-year period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509372
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  • 21
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    Rule induction in productivity analysis: a rough set approach (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 413-417 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper describes the application of rough set theory to equipment productivity estimate. Rough set theory offers a novel approach both in generation of rules and statistical classification of the equipment productivity data. The approach is based on upper and lower approximations of a set in terms of positive, negative and boundary regions. The information about the equipment productivity is organized in productivity information table. The table contains data about the object of interest characterized in terms of some attributes. The paper is more of an exploratory research to determine how rough set theory can be applicable to specific construction engineering problems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509381
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  • 22
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    Applications of value management in the construction industry in China (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 9-19 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Value management (VM) was introduced in China during 1978, when the reform and open door policy started. After a surge of VM applications that emerged in the late 1980s, the development of VM has declined sharply in the recent years in China. Although some successful applications of VM in China's construction industry have been observed, many actions should be taken to exert its full potential to improve value for money for clients. Aims to draw a holistic picture of the current VM practices and provide recommendations for its future development in China's construction industry. Provides a comparison between China's VM approach and the international mainstream to highlight the major differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512629
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  • 23
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    Targeting optimum value in public sector projects through "best value"-focused contractor selection (2003)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 10 (2003), S. 418-431 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Procuring best value should be one of the key objectives in public sector construction projects. Best value depends upon sound "selection" strategies which ensure that the outlined project procurement objectives, including client/user demands are met. Examples of "best value" procurement are presented to demonstrate their usefulness and acceptance in principle. Further conceptualizations of various aspects of best value and the "dominance vectors" influencing the ultimate value definitions are developed, in accordance with basic public sector procurement principles. Presents a structured best value based contractor selection framework to optimize realizable value in public sector construction projects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980310509390
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  • 24
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    Sequencing problems in methods of organising construction processes (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 20-32 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper presents the algorithm of construction work graphic schedule which considers the proper sequencing problem. Describes the algorithm step by step, i.e. the construction work organisation methods with zero couplings between realisation means, work fronts, and their combination. It also shows the calculation process of limit possible minimum by considering technical and organisation limits. In the second part of the paper, the practical example which shows the method and the optimisation algorithm for the work organisation method with zero couplings between realisation means is presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512638
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  • 25
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    Psychological contract expectations of construction project managers (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 33-44 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The past 20 years have seen a period of fundamental change for many construction businesses as they have restructured, downsized, de-layered, merged and de-merged to survive turbulent markets and rapidly changing demand cycles. Such change places significant new pressures, challenges and constraints on the employer/employee relationship. This paper argues that these changes are likely to have reconstituted employee expectations of the less formal aspects of the employment relationship, known collectively as the psychological contract. Explores this inductive research which examines the psychological contract of 30 construction project managers.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512647
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  • 26
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    How important is cooperation to construction project success? A grounded empirical quantification (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 45-54 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Cooperation is generally purported to be vital to construction project success. However, there has been, as yet, no empirical work done to quantify explicitly the extent to which cooperation, in relation to other factors, determines construction project success. This study attempts to fill this research gap. This paper details a grounded empirical approach to identify important construction success factors using data from 29 interviews, 398 quantitative response and six follow-up interviews from construction firms in Hong??Kong. Results show how using the grounded approach enables the tapping of unique determinants of project success previously not identified in the literature and point to a potentially fruitful approach for future research in construction management.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512656
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  • 27
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    Planning, estimation and productivity in the lean concrete pour (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 55-64 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: With an increasingly competitive global market, the UK construction industry finally realised that in order to survive, a marked increase in efficiency and effectiveness have to be achieved in all areas. This paper will describe the UK's approach to planning and designing the concrete operations that form a major part of many civil engineering construction projects. A productivity study has been carried out on three different construction projects and over 200 concrete pours have been observed. The data and knowledge collected on site have been subjected to lean construction philosophies, producing a "lean" measure of productivity, and it has been shown that major productivity increases could be achieved by implementing several relatively simple principles.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512665
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    The impact of mergers and acquisitions on shareholder wealth in the UK construction industry (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 65-73 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: One of the primary motives behind any strategic corporate decision is to maximise shareholder value. Strategic decisions for UK construction firms are made with the objective of maximising the wealth of the company's shareholders. This paper investigates the financial performance of UK construction companies, which have been involved in construction related mergers and acquisitions and examines the impact of merger announcements on acquiring firms' and target firms' stock performance in the UK construction industry. It also examines abnormal share returns throughout a period surrounding the announcement of both successful and unsuccessful acquisition and merger bids. The overall results indicate that related construction mergers create wealth for shareholders of the target firms.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410512674
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    Site layout for earthworks in road projects (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 83-89 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper describes the integration of various models to provide a realistic decision support system for linear project site layout. Initially, the paper describes an investigation to determine the actual methods currently used by project managers and planners. A review of both techniques adopted by the managers and the knowledge acquisition methods employed are included in the paper. Following this, this paper describes the work done to automate the existing systems. This resulted in a system which has been used in practice and has been shown to be a great help to managers. It is based on the traditional method of mass-haul diagrams used to determine the earthworks activities. A separate simulation and artificial intelligence model of earthworks are described. This will be extended to model linear projects more realistically than does mass-haul.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527885
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    Negotiation and resolution of conflict using AHP: an application to project management (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 90-100 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The subject of Conflict-Analysis and Resolution has received considerable attention in construction management. Providing measurement to tangibles and intangibles issues, involved in a conflict is not attempted often. The quantification of the perception of gains and losses for the parties involved in a conflict helps to analyze the issues scientifically, in a more logical manner. This paper presents the application of a decision-making methodology, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), to conflict management. The objective of this paper is analyzing and resolving conflict aided by the quantification of gains and losses using the AHP. This methodology was applied to a real conflict situation between two government agencies in Kuwait.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527894
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    Optimising the design of sewer networks using genetic algorithms and tabu search (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 101-112 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper describes the application of heuristic techniques for designing gravity wastewater collection systems. Designing sewer networks can be a time-consuming task that is largely based on trial and error where suitable pipe diameters and slopes combinations for all pipelines between manholes must be identified. Since there is a large range of possible slopes, diameters and roughness coefficients of pipes, only a small number of combinations of these parameters are usually analyzed in traditional design processes. Identifying a minimum cost design is an important issue when constructing sewer networks. In this paper, genetic algorithms and tabu search techniques are implemented to solve this difficult optimization problem. An adaptive rule and a dynamic search strategy were developed to assist the search procedures find better solutions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527849
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    Impact of construction materials on project time and cost in Kuwait (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 126-132 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The construction of residential projects constitutes a major portion of the building activities in the State of Kuwait. This paper presents the findings of a research project, which aims to determine the causes of delays and cost-overruns in the construction of housing projects in Kuwait. The owners of 450 residential projects (just completed or near completion), spread over 27 systematic-randomly selected metropolitan districts, were personally interviewed. Data on owners' socio-demographic traits and project characteristics, including those involving time and cost overruns, were obtained. The paper highlights the impacts of construction materials on time-delays and cost-increases. Project-related variables affecting the on-time delivery of materials to the construction site are examined and quantified. The material selection-time, type of materials, their availability in the local market and the presence of a supervising engineer, all demonstrated a statistically significant impact on the on-time delivery of materials to construction sites.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527867
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    Empowering collaborative decisions in complex construction project scenarios (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 133-142 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Diverse construction project stakeholders demand "fully-informed" and well-balanced decisions that target multiple objectives appropriately. This paper introduces initiatives into the development of a cluster of information and communication technology-artificial intelligence supported empowerment systems and sub-systems. Examples presented include conceptual models and/or descriptions of: the framework of an over-arching management support system (MSS); multi-agent support for improved collaborative working in: design development and relationally integrated supply chain management; and web-based quality management.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527876
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    Factors influencing project delivery within construction clients' multi-project environments (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 113-125 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The single project paradigm which dominates the literature of both project and construction management research does not accurately reflect the reality of many construction clients, who have large ongoing construction portfolios rather than one-off construction projects. Although several concepts of multi-project environments (MPEs) exist, an investigation of the form and dynamic interactions of components within MPEs of construction clients was lacking. This paper presents the factors identified as exerting greatest influence on project delivery within construction clients' MPEs.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410527858
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    Evaluating engineering consultants' general capabilities during the pre-selection process - a Hong Kong study (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 150-158 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Consultant pre-selection is an essential process to distinguish capable candidates before they are invited to submit their technical and fee proposals for consultancy assignments. Despite that, many clients have their own criteria and emphasis, and this could result in discrepancies in pre-selection decisions. The aim of this paper is to devise a more objective framework for evaluating consultants' general capabilities during the pre-selection process. The paper begins by identifying the commonly used criteria for pre-selecting engineering consultants. In order to examine the importance of consultant pre-selection criteria (CPC), a questionnaire survey has been conducted with clients who are responsible for pre-selecting their consultants; and consultants being pre-selected by the clients. The findings reveal that the perception of the client and consultant groups on the importance of CPC was very consistent. Finally, a multi-criteria model for evaluating consultants' general capabilities during the pre-selection is proposed. Based on each candidate score, clients can determine which engineering consultants should be invited to bid for a consultancy assignment.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535769
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    Balancing fee and quality in two envelope fee bidding (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 159-175 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Consultant commissions in two envelope fee bidding are awarded on the basis of fee and quality (i.e. technical score). Consultants' fees and technical score are combined using a pre-designated formulation and predetermined weightings to form a total score. Procurers seem to be having difficulties with existing formulations in controlling the extent to which two envelope fee competitions are dominated by fees. This is because, in most cases, fees vary more than technical scores and the predetermined weightings applied are not sufficient to correct the variability imbalance. The analysis in this paper shows that in fee dominant competitions lower fee-lower technical scoring consultants are more likely to be successful in winning commissions. The analysis shows that this can be corrected by balancing fees and technical score. Although procurers are likely to pay higher fees when balancing fees and technical scores they normally benefit from getting higher technical scoring consultants.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535778
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    An open framework for corporate strategy in construction (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 176-188 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A new conceptual model for corporate strategy in the construction industry is presented that is derived from two principal inputs. First, the fundamental components of the model are based upon observations drawn from an empirical study of 24 international firms competing in global engineering and construction markets. Second, the accumulated intellect of different strategic theories developed over four decades of strategic management research helps to fortify the model with theoretical propositions and establish linkages among the model's basic components. The proposed model is comprised of seven strategic fields, two organizational mechanisms and a boundary notion that divides a firm's internal setting from its external environment. The model's development leads to two central propositions: strategic fields and organizational mechanisms should function as variables to react with external dynamics, and the interaction of these variables consequently promotes higher order differentiation factors that will enhance the strategic outlook of a firm.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535787
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    Total quality management in Australian contracting organisations: pre-conditions for successful implementation (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 189-198 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Total quality management (TQM) is widely recognised as an enabler for performance improvement in the construction industry. This paper presents empirical findings from eight contracting organisations that have adopted TQM practices in response to competitive and environmental pressures. Using the NIES "How To" model developed by the Australian Government's National Industry Extension Scheme, the paper describes pragmatic considerations. Case study findings reveal that when implementing TQM, contractors must align their organisational culture with the objectives of their TQM program.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535796
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    Downtime model development for construction equipment management (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 199-210 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Downtime (DT) caused by non-availability of equipment and equipment breakdown has non-trivial impact on the performance of construction projects. Earlier research has often addressed this fact, but it has rarely explained the causes and consequences of DT - especially in the context of developing countries. This paper presents a DT model to address this issue. Using this model, the generic factors and processes related to DT are identified, and the impact of DT is quantified. By applying the model framework to nine road projects in Nepal, the impact of DT is explored in terms of its duration and cost. The research findings highlight how various factors and processes interact with each other to create DT, and mitigate or exacerbate its impact on project performance. It is suggested that construction companies need to adopt proactive equipment management and maintenance programs to minimize the impact of DT.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535804
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    Critical path determination by incorporating minimum and maximum time and distance constraints into linear scheduling (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 211-222 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A scheduling method for determining the critical path in linear projects is presented, that takes into account maximum time and distance constraints in addition to the commonly used minimum time and distance constraints. The maximum constraints, though often present in the specifications of a project, are not considered during the planning procedure, since no method existed to enable scheduling with them. The proposed method builds on the concept of the maximum constraints and expands on the necessary background for their implementation into the schedule. The introduced critical path algorithm allows for grouping linear activities into four categories regarding their critical status and their ability to influence project duration. The method is applied to a low-pressure pipeline construction project and the results are presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410535813
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    Innovation, construction SMEs and action learning (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 230-237 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Action learning is intended to enable a group of professionals (a SET) to tackle work problems, develop solutions and reflect upon the success and failure of their actions. As part of the UK construction industry's drive to improve learning and performance, four SETs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were established. This paper evaluates the capacity of action learning to promote innovation and use of technologies within a CIOB-funded SET located in Watford. Construction companies were unable to address real problems related to their day-to-day activities due to competition. Instead, they identified an industry-wide issue - a lack of quality recruits - and marshalled resources to provide better careers advice and promote opportunities for builders. The role of action learning in empowering construction SMEs to contribute to industry change programmes is explored.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547586
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    A survey of ICT use in the Turkish construction industry (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 238-247 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper assesses the awareness and use of information and communication technologies (ICT) systems within the Turkish construction industry. The findings will assist in identifying the future directions and priorities for how to use ICT as an enabler in this country. The research has been carried out via 22 semi-structured interviews with senior construction professionals within government and private organizations. It investigated the usage and applicability of current information systems and technologies. The interviews then explored the appropriateness of some of the newly emerging technologies to the industry in Turkey. The findings are reported under three categories of: ICT infrastructures and strategies, the use of information systems, and views on emerging technologies. The last item has been expanded and discussed in more detail, in the paper.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547595
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    Drivers for dynamic brief development in construction (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 248-258 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Confining the development of the project brief to a certain stage hinders the interaction between the client and the designer. In addition, it inhibits the incorporation of the influential internal and external factors that may affect the project. In spite of the frequently adverse impact of change orders on project cost, time and quality, literature review and case studies showed that client organisations continue to use change orders to achieve their expectations and enhance their projects' performance principally because current construction management process instills an expectation that, change after a specified point is somehow outside the project brief rather than part of the ongoing development of that brief. This paper introduces the concept of dynamic brief development (DBD), a process that facilitates client satisfaction, meets the need to adapt to the brief developing factors for the benefit of the project and fulfils the desire to manage project change orders. In this paper, the need, aims and principles of the concept of DBD are explained and the factors driving brief development are identified. In addition, the rationale behind each factor is given and the case study sampling method is described.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547603
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    Determinants of rework in building construction projects (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 259-274 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Rework represents the unnecessary effort of redoing a process or activity that is incorrectly implemented the first time. Using a structured questionnaire survey, the causes and costs of rework in 161 Australian construction projects were identified. Respondents were invited to indicate direct and indirect rework costs that would be subsequently combined to produce a total rework cost (TRC) figure. Stepwise linear multiple regression analysis was then used to determine a model that included an optimum mixture of significant variables that contributed or lead to a reduction in TRC for the projects sampled. The research revealed that rework per se can negatively influence project safety. Client initiated changes and ineffective use of information technology by the design professionals were identified as being significant variables contributing to rework occurrence. Contrary to an earlier presupposition, design scope freezing was also identified as being a significant factor that can contribute to rework.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547612
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    Bridging the skills gap: a regionally driven strategy for resolving the construction labour market crisis (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 275-283 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Econometric forecasts indicate that the UK construction industry faces a severe skills deficit in the foreseeable future. This paper details the results of a major labour market research projects, which canvassed the opinions of over 50 industry stakeholders within the East Midlands region of the UK. Focus groups were used to elicit the collective opinions of key clients, consultants, contractors, industry bodies and employers of all sizes. The key themes and requirements discussed by the participants are used to develop a conjoined strategy for bridging the industry's skills gap at a regional level. It is argued that this package of mutually supportive measures could provide a transferable strategy for addressing skills deficiencies in other regions, particularly given the espoused government aspiration to devolve labour market planning activities to provincial forums and regional development agencies.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547621
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    Impacts of CAD on design realization (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 284-291 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Complete and accurate design is critical for construction project success. Manifesting design intent in the constructed facility depends on coordinated design documents that are developed through design realization. This process evolves design intent from architects and engineers to contractors, through the production and review of shop drawings and other submittals. Information technology has been promoted as a tool to improve this process, but is not being fully utilized for this purpose. A case study investigates the impacts of computed aided design (CAD) on design realization. Comparative analysis between shop drawings prepared by hand and those done with CAD quantify notes, corrections and information transfer errors. Results support the hypothesis that utilizing CAD can improve design accuracy and lower project costs. Barriers to wider adoption, implications for practice and further research are discussed.
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    Managing knowledge and intellectual capital for improved organizational innovations in the construction industry: an examination of critical success factors (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 301-315 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Innovation is viewed as a major source of competitive advantage and is perceived to be a pre-requisite for organizational success and survival. The ability to innovate depends largely on the way in which an organisation uses and exploits the resources available to it. The paper explores the importance of knowledge management (KM) and intellectual capital (IC) in organisations. It also considers the critical factors that lead to successful innovations and the role of KM and IC in this regard. The paper argues that effective management of knowledge assets involves a holistic approach to a host of factors. It is also suggested that there are a host of factors that combine in different ways to produce successful organizational innovations. It recommends that more is needed on the education and training of construction personnel and that these education and training programmes should reflect the nature of innovation and KM dimensions as very complex social processes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558494
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    Creating, supporting and sustaining a culture of innovation (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 316-322 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Recently the industry's clients, designers and society as a whole, have begun to accept that innovation can offer key benefits in the form of financial growth and increased profits. Therefore, it is apparent that the development of a culture of innovation is of utmost importance if a business is to become universally proactive, entrepreneurial and remain successful. This owes much to the fact that the agility and ability of an organisation to respond to the changing marketplace is driven by its propensity to innovate. This paper does not attempt to resolve these problems; it merely attempts to raise awareness of the key issues relating to innovation, diffusion and the associated management of change. Moreover, it promotes the benefits afforded by developing an organizational culture of innovation. The content will be of interest to industrialists and researchers and will describe the key issues associated with product derivation, introduction and wider diffusion. Ultimately, it aims to demonstrate that creativity, the promotion of a culture for innovation, and the development of intellectual capital are issues of utmost importance in generating and maintaining a proactive and entrepreneurial organisation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558502
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    Integrating procurement and operational innovations for construction industry development (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 323-334 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Uncertainty of eventual outcomes coupled with a reluctance to embark upon potentially long learning curves, have militated against much-needed holistic innovations in our instant-results-oriented construction industry. While sporadic initiatives towards new organizational and/or contractual arrangements have enabled incremental improvements in some scenarios, the increasing demand for step gains in construction industry performance levels evidently envisages a more solid launching pad with re-engineered paradigmatic foundations. Initial investigations suggest that the foregoing desired goals may be achieved together. Finally, a conceptual model that coherently synergises these strategies for institutional and industry development is presented and discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558511
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    The innovation potential of integrated services and its utilisation through co-operation (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 335-341 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: In the last few years an increasing demand for integrated services could be recognised on the construction market. For construction firms this means that there is a wider scope for achieving advantages in competition. Based on a research project on the innovation behaviour of two Swiss contractors this paper presents the innovation potential of integrated services and the advantages and disadvantages of the present organizational structure of medium-sized contractors with respect to the usage of this potential. Moreover, possibilities for construction firms to build up and benefit from internal and external co-operation and to generate innovative constructional solutions are discussed. It is concluded that an innovative construction industry requires the ability of construction firms to co-operate.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558520
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    The role of technology transfer in innovation within small construction firms (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 342-348 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Findings were drawn from an 18 month research project involving in-depth case study and action research fieldwork with seven small construction companies to understand the role and significance of innovation for them. A key finding of the work has been the importance of the role of effective technology transfer in the innovation process. The "organizational factors of innovation" model is presented as an analytical and prescriptive tool to assist small construction firms to understand better and manage the technology transfer process. The utility and application of the model is illustrated with a case study.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558539
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    An innovative approach to identifying knowledge management problems (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 349-357 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The promised benefits from implementing knowledge management (KM) attract an increasing number of organizations. However, many organizations, face several difficulties when designing a KM system or implementing its initiatives. These difficulties, along with some unsuccessful KM initiatives worry many organizations interested in the concept. This paper investigates the reasons for these difficulties and discusses the issues that need to be addressed to develop robust KM systems. It then introduces a systematic approach for addressing these issues at the early stages of designing a KM system. This approach was developed within the cross-sectoral learning in the virtual enterprise (CLEVER) project and supports the definition of KM problems within a business context. The approach has been encapsulated into a prototype software system to make it easier to use. The paper describes in detail the operational level of the prototype. It also discusses the potential of the developed prototype, and concludes that it represents an innovative tool for improved KM.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558548
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    Technology-based learning and the project manager (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 358-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Construction is a project-oriented industry that benefits from both the technical and interpersonal skills that a project manager has to offer. Increasingly, project management is viewed as being an integrated process relevant throughout the project lifecycle, which necessarily draws upon a broad range of knowledge and abilities. It is imperative that project managers, therefore, have ready access to education and training programmes that enable them to update their skills. This paper compares a new distance learning project management educational software application with a traditional multiple-media resource and a well-established postgraduate module delivered in part-time mode to establish the pedagogic effectiveness of distributed interactive multimedia. An analysis of quantitative data generated over a two-year period finds that whilst learning and confidence gains occur in all delivery modes, there is no significant difference in the academic performance of students between the traditional control and distance learning experimental groups.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558557
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    Reconciling construction innovation and standardisation on major projects (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 366-372 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The concepts underlying innovation and standardisation presents an apparent divergence in what each strives to achieve. In the view of the authors, this has contributed in no small measure to the low take-up of standardisation within the construction sector as organisations strive to be innovative to improve on their performance and attain continuous improvement in their processes and operations as well as design solutions. The paper presents as a case, how one major public sector outfit is striving to achieve innovation within an agenda that involves a widespread adoption of standardisation. It presents the motivations for adopting an organisation-wide agenda on innovation and standardisation, identifies the elements of apparent incongruity between the concepts, and outlines how the case organisation has resolved the divergences.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558566
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    Innovative 3D-modelling for selecting and locating mobile cranes (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 373-380 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper provides an overview of a recently developed system for selecting and locating mobile cranes on construction sites. The proposed system provides direct help on two fronts: cost and time savings, and improved safety arrangements. The system has a number of interesting features: a relational database designed to store the cranes' geometry-related variables and to present them using powerful graphics; a selection module supported by an algorithm designed to satisfy geometrical requirements and necessary clearances, accounting for site constraints and lift configurations; and 3D animation to facilitate the planning of crane operations. The system provides a near-optimum selection of crane lift configurations, considering available cranes. This paper focuses mainly on case examples to demonstrate and to illustrate the use and capabilities of the developed system. Two actual cases, featuring different site constraints and lift configurations, are presented. In these cases, cranes were selected and their operations planned using the developed system. The findings of the two cases are discussed and the benefits of the proposed methodology are highlighted.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410558575
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    The construction sector, congestion charging and exemptions (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 386-394 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: In February 2003, London became the first city in the UK to introduce a comprehensive congestion-charging scheme, whereby road users are charged on a per day basis in order to use the road space. In response to concerted lobbying, a number of sectors and user groups have been granted exemptions from the charge. This paper explores the likely effect of congestion charging and the case for exempting construction delivery vehicles. A case study of a live construction project currently being undertaken in the city of London is used to illustrate the impact of the scheme. Based on this case example, it would seem that the impact of the scheme on construction companies has been fairly benign to date, but concerns relate to the longer term effect of charging on the future regeneration of city centres. Furthermore, it would appear that there are lessons to be learnt from the industry's apparent inability to bring to bear its collective weight to lobby for exemptions, which leaves it vulnerable to similar schemes under consideration in other cities both nationally and internationally.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410570157
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    Valuing guarantees in a BOT infrastructure project (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 395-403 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Host governments often provide guarantees in build-operate-transfer (BOT) infrastructure projects to attract private sector investors. Problems arise because the governments often do not know the full extent of contingent liabilities when issuing guarantees, and because they account and record guarantee costs only when guarantees come due. This paper discusses the guarantees' financial impact from the perspectives of the government and the project sponsor. A typical Indonesian BOT toll road project is taken as the case study. Stochastic simulation using Latin Hypercube technique is applied on the cash flow model with and without guarantees. Several types of guarantees including minimum revenue guarantee, maximum interest rate guarantee, debt guarantee, tariff guarantee and minimum traffic guarantee are discussed. Simulation results reveal that guarantees can reduce risk but are not free of cost. If compared with equivalent subsidies, however, some guarantees can be more effective in lessening the extent of project risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410571543
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    A study on project success factors in large construction projects in Vietnam (2004)
    Oxford : Emerald
    Engineering, construction and architectural management 11 (2004), S. 404-413 
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    ISSN: 1365-232X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Large construction projects are inherently complex and dynamic. A comprehensive answer on how to manage such projects successfully is difficult to provide. This paper expounds on the success factors for large construction projects in Vietnam. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from practitioners. Factor analysis was employed to categorize these success factors perceived by 109 respondents from 42 construction-related organizations. Factor analysis uncovered that these success factors can be grouped under four categories, here titled the four COMs: comfort, competence, commitment, and communication. The result can be used as a guideline to successfully handle construction projects in Vietnam as well as in other countries, especially in the emerging economies in Asia and the rest of the world.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980410570166
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    The Internet and services marketing - the case of Danish retail banking (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 7-18 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines various aspects of the motives, perceptions and expectations connected with the introduction of Internet banking in Danish retail banking. Responses from 60 key managers in the largest retail banks in Denmark show that they believe that Internet banking will become more important in the future, whereas all other distribution channels are predicted to become less important. Describes further the relationship between the perceptions of and expectations from Internet banking, the reasons for offering an Internet bank and the way it has been organized in the banks.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312093
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    Changes in the banking sector - the case of Internet banking in the UK (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 19-31 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet is gaining popularity as a delivery channel in the banking sector. At the same time, customer needs are changing. A total of 12 Internet banking operations in the UK are analysed under customer empowerment functions and Internet banking Web attributes. Internet banking renders location and time irrelevant, and empowers customers with greater control of their accounts. Banks achieve cost and efficiency gains in a large number of operational areas.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312048
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    Quantitive evaluation of Web site content and structure (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 31-44 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes an approach automatically to classify and evaluate publicly accessible World Wide Web sites. The suggested methodology is equally valuable for analyzing content and hypertext structures of commercial, educational and non-profit organizations. Outlines a research methodology for model building and validation and defines the most relevant attributes of such a process. A set of operational criteria for classifying Web sites is developed. The introduced software tool supports the automated gathering of these parameters, and thereby assures the necessary "critical mass" of empirical data. Based on the preprocessed information, a multi-methodological approach is chosen that comprises statistical clustering, textual analysis, supervised and non-supervised neural networks and manual classification for validation purposes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312138
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    Perceptions of Web site design characteristics: a Malaysian/Australian comparison (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 44-55 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Compares the perceptions of Malaysians (representing eastern, Asian culture) and Australians (representing western, European culture) for four Web site design characteristics - atmospherics, news stories, signs and products and services - as part of the integrated Internet marketing model. Under controlled laboratory conditions, two groupings of 30 subjects evaluated eight Web sites - four in Malaysia and four in Australia - in the retail and services sectors. Hypothesises that the predominant culture is not generalised to another culture. Some tentative support for the research premise is found since where a group's perceptions for Web design characteristics and their effectiveness was significantly higher, it was for sites originating in that group's country. Furthermore, perceptions both support and contradict previous research suggesting that Australians prefer an environment of low context and high explicit communications while Asians operate in an environment of high context that stresses implicit communications.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312084
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    The influence of power on trading partner trust in electronic commerce (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 56-63 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Power has become an important contextual factor in electronic commerce adoption. Persuading trading partners can mean using persuasive power. Hence, the way power is used to influence trading partners will determine the extent to which trust is encouraged during the adoption and integration process. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the impact of power in EDI adoption. The findings of a case study within an automotive manufacturer indicate that negative (coercive) power left smaller suppliers in a situation of uncertainty, and even conflict, whereas positive (persuasive) power resulted in open communications between smaller suppliers and their buyers, thus building trading partner trust and long-term trading relationships.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005316
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    The influence of information technology access on agricultural research in Nigeria (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 63-71 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the relationship between accessibility to information technology and research publications among users of agricultural libraries in Nigeria. A self-constructed questionnaire, which had a reliability coefficient of 0.90, was used to collect data. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed and a response rate of 78.7 per cent was obtained. Data were analyzed using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and the student t-test. Results showed that there was no significant association between accessibility and research publications. The finding is discussed in the context of information technology benefits in developing countries generally. Suggestions are proffered on how to improve the benefits of IT access.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312110
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    Factors influencing the types of products and services purchased over the Internet (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 102-113 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Presents the findings of an empirical investigation of Internet shopping in Singapore. Specifically, Internet buying behaviour is compared between potential Internet buyers and non-Internet buyers. It was found that the classification of different types of products and services will significantly influence the consumer choice between a retail store and Internet shopping mall. The types of products and services that are suitable for selling through the Internet are also identified. Generally, products and services that have a low outlay, are frequently purchased, have intangible value proposition, and relatively high on differentiation are more likely to be purchased via the Internet. Based on the analysis and results obtained from the study, some recommendations are presented to retailers who are interested in selling their products via the Internet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322894
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    From EDI to Internet commerce: the BHP Steel experience (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 72-83 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the issue of business-to-business e-commerce implementation and the factors affecting it, considering the appropriateness of the various theories which underpin research into systems implementation (primarily diffusion of innovation and traditional change management theory). Describes the results of a case study of BHP Steel, the largest steel producer and one of the largest companies in Australia, which is a leader in e-commerce implementation. The results suggest that, over time, the driving force for e-commerce changed significantly. From an initial push to improve current business processes by adopting EDI to achieve savings and improve efficiency, the company came to be driven by a desire for greater supplier involvement and customer service in later implementations. Discusses the ways in which BHP Steel's e-commerce innovations have changed and suggests that, in addition to considering the characteristics of the innovation process, other more contextual aspects of implementation (such as the social system in which the innovation evolves and the timing of the innovation's introduction) be considered in an inter-organizational context.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312039
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    The role of human Web assistants in e-commerce: an analysis and a usability study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 114-125 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Electronic commerce has recently shown enormous potential to take over a significant share of the sales market. There is a need to provide services that can reach individual computer users with different information profiles and levels of expertise. In this article the concept of Web assistants, human assistants working in an electronic Web shop, is presented. This human-computer collaboration provides intelligent and adaptive services via an integrated communication media. A prototype of a Web assistant system has been implemented. While browsing through the system the user can call for human assistance should the need arise. Presents the results of a usability study performed on the prototype system. Recent commercial moves in the direction discussed in this article increase the importance of the usability study. The results are encouraging, especially when it comes to the attitude aspects of usability. The subjects were extremely enthusiastic about the concept of Web assistants and its implications. The human Web assistant who participated in the field trial highlighted the importance of user modelling. Although the system is mainly in the context of electronic commerce, it can be used in many other contexts. These include home automation, digital libraries, and technical support, to name a few.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322902
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    An empirical study of Internet usage and difficulties among medical practice management in the UK (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 170-181 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers the use of information technology in the UK National Health Service (NHS) as the government pledges to connect every doctor or general practitioner (GP) to the NHS's information superhighway by the year 2002. This paper uses a case study of a particular UK health authority as a vehicle to illustrate the complexity of the social and technical considerations surrounding this issue. At a grass roots level, the adoption and diffusion of information technology within general practices (surgeries or groups of GPs) is highly varied and there are huge contrasts in the levels of commitment to information management. Within the case study this is evident on an individual level, in that some GPs enthuse about technology, while others are positively "technophobic". On the general practice level, there are other elements to consider, especially in relation to the levels of financial support available. Non-fund holding general practices in socially deprived areas are far less willing to embrace information management and technology. One explanation suggested for this is based on priorities: when faced with the option of "cruising" the information superhighway, as opposed to treating seriously ill patients living in socially deprived areas, the former may simply be relegated as less important.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322957
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    Segment-based mass customization: an exploration of a new conceptual marketing framework (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 215-226 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: In this paper, it is argued that the concept of mass customization should not be treated as an alternative strategy to market segmentation. It should be seen as an integral part of market segmentation theory which offers the best way to satisfy individual consumer's unique needs and wants while yielding profits to companies. Though the overall objective of the concept of mass customization is to recognize individual differences among customers and modify the offerings accordingly, by using the logic of the segmentation theory, this paper argues that mass customization is also not simply equal to segmenting-to-one. If all the relevant variables that affect buyer behavior are taken into account, the result is an untenably large number of market segments (finally segment of one). However, practically, creating separate marketing programs for each individual in most circumstances will become extremely difficult, even not feasible, and less profitable. In response to this dilemma, this paper proposes a new concept of "Segment-based mass customization". The basic idea behind this concept is that, mass customization is the efforts of reaching a segment unit efficiently and profitably. The efficiency and profitability will be determined by whether the mass customization is based on an optimal segment size, which is subject to the market situation and company resources. Finally, this paper comes up with a series of propositions which are relevant to developing a good customization strategy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331975
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    Internet-based security incidents and the potential for false alarms (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 238-245 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The paper explains the background to experimental work that was conducted with the aim of measuring aspects of the WWW (specifically the average lifetime of a web link and the impact of the "Millennium Bug"), but which inadvertently caused two perceived security breaches on remote systems. The paper explains the nature of these incidents and considers why, when over 700,000 IP addresses were randomly sampled in the experimental study, only two sites considered the activity to be an attempt to breach their security. It is concluded that, while the appropriate protection of Internet-based systems is undoubtedly of importance, the problems experienced during the experimental study suggest a lack of uniformity in what different organisations will class as a security breach.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331984
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    The evolution of software pricing: from box licenses to application service provider models (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 246-255 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Software is the intellectual capital output of the codified knowledge of a programming team. The development cost is high, but the variable cost of sale is substantially lower (negligible) than for hard goods. Unfortunately, there does not exist a valid or reliable measure to value software. The trend has been to align pricing to the activities that buyers realize value from. However, new architectures change the nature of where value is realized and how service becomes part of the equation. There does not exist a perfect generic pricing model. Vendors must understand the value they provide to their customers and create a price structure that aligns pricing with value realization, but more importantly facilitates their business objectives of the product (and service).
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331993
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    A qualitative study and model of the use of e-mail in organisations (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 271-283 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A huge upsurge in the growth of e-mail is expected but there has been relatively little published advice on how to take a corporate view of electronic mail, despite demonstration of its operational benefits and of the consequences of its misuse in economic, human and lately in legal terms. This article contributes to formation of such advice. Employing a mix of questionnaire and interview methods, a set of disparate organisations was studied - a global financial services company, an upmarket hotel group, a well-established mobile-telecommunications company, and three universities. The results were used to devise a multi-dimensional "positioning" model, for practical use by managers to understand their organisations' present use of e-mail on four dimensions: information management, people influences, corporate culture, and knowledge management. Shows how an organisation can find/change its present position on the model.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342531
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    Metacognitive research and development framework (MRDF) for Internet instructional science software (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 329-346 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This project developed and implemented a prototype WWW-based instructional learning system modeled around a metacognitive research and development framework which mapped cognitive variables, to metacognitive learning strategies for those variables, to metadata for the instructional design of the media. The framework helped delineate learning strategies and related metacognitive attributes of young students acquiring knowledge in advanced science concepts in an Internet/browser-based environment. The framework also provided a basis for learner-specific Internet content personalization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342630
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    Knowledge work and telework: an exploratory study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 346-356 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a case research study into how knowledge workers adopt telework as an alternative work arrangement. It reports how knowledge workers in two New Zealand organisations organise their workload to take advantage of the information and Internet technology available to them in their work and home environments. The findings of the study indicate that knowledge workers are inclined to use home-based teleworking as an adjunct to the work done during normal business hours. Their preference is still to work at the office for most of their work time. Discusses the implications of the findings for practice and research.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342658
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    The First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce: review and commentary (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 365-374 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summarizes some of the key findings of academic papers presented at the First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce, which took place in January, 2000, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, sponsored by McMaster University. The conference was attended by 243 delegates from more than 25 countries. Outlines two meta-management issues including: the importance of taking a strategic approach to Internet ventures as well as considering infrastructure design during implementation. Several of the papers presented fell into three broad functional categories including operations, human resources and marketing. Finally, a summary of internationalization and education implications is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349372
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    Implications of the dynamics of the new networked economy for e-business start-ups: the case of Philips' Access Point (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 459-470 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explores how the spread of connectivity and the introduction of new standards is driving the emergence of entirely new value constructs that deliver to multiple stakeholders. Examines the new economics of network growth and the associated "economics of increasing returns". Looks at the dynamic trajectory of this function from the perspective of new business development at the various stages of the trajectory, and derives management implications for each stage in terms of appropriate competitive and market strategies, organizational structure and management practices. Applies the resulting framework to discuss specific implications for the business start-up of Access Point, Philips' new multimedia, voice technology-based information and on-line services venture that has at its core a disruptive technology.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349471
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    A relationship-building model for the Web retail marketplace (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 374-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Electronic commerce has existed in the business-to-business marketplace since the 1970s, in forms such as electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT). With the emergence of the Internet, and the World Wide Web in particular, electronic commerce entered a new era which opened the door for an electronic business-to-consumer marketplace. Although the retail side of electronic commerce is still in its infancy, the Web medium offers great potential for building the customer-base, promoting sales, and improving after-sales service. Examines the concept of relationship marketing, which has caused a paradigm shift in business-to-business marketing during recent years. Extends the concepts of network marketing to the Web retail marketplace, and develops a market process model for Web retailing that outlines the stages of the relationship building process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349381
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    Managing business-to-business relationships throughout the e-commerce procurement life cycle (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 385-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: E-commerce technologies provide effective and efficient ways in which corporate buyers can gather information rapidly about available P/S (products and services), evaluate and negotiate with suppliers, implement order fulfillment over communications links, and access post-sales services. From the supplier side, marketing, sales, and service information is also readily gathered from customers. Building and maintaining customer relationships is the key to success in e-commerce and, unless service is maintained, customer loss may result, more than offsetting any cost efficiencies due to introducing e-commerce technology. Since the core of e-commerce is information and communications, support for managing customer relationships is available to those who know how to use it. Discusses how technology can be used to encourage and facilitate customer-business relationships. Shows through a customer relationship life cycle model how the management of related procurement functions in customer companies can adjust to take advantage of these relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349390
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    A buyer behaviour framework for the development and design of software agents in e-commerce (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 396-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Software agents are computer programs that run in the background and perform tasks autonomously as delegated by the user. Although there has been much research on this topic recently, usable software agents are at an early stage of development, and are only now starting to appear in real applications. Typical of these early stages, there has been a technology focus, rather than a product focus, in much of the development work to date. A fruitful application area for software agents is in the area of e-commerce, where potential buyers can easily be overwhelmed by the flood of information that is available, thus potentially making less than optimal purchasing decisions. This paper blends models from marketing and learnings from the field of decision support systems to build a framework for the design of software agents to support in e-commerce buying applications.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349408
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  • 80
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    Evaluating the role of intermediaries in the electronic value chain (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 406-417 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: E-commerce enables new kinds of business models to coordinate a value chain. Coordination of the value chain can be accomplished using direct communication or with the help of intermediaries such as brokers, dealers and auctions. The role of electronic intermediaries is becoming increasingly more important. The introduction of new business models in a value chain is a cumbersome process, due to the complexity of the value chain, unclear implications, different goals and interests of the stakeholders and unclear business models. Therefore, there is a need for a business engineering methodology that supports the design and development of new business models by helping the identification of these new business models and by providing insight into the implications of these business models. A business engineering methodology is presented that supports the identification and evaluation of various alternative value chain configurations. The goal of this methodology is to give stakeholders insight into their current, and possible alternative, situations by means of visualization, to evaluate the added value of business models using simulation and to gain experience with the new business models using gaming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349417
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  • 81
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    Meta-management of virtual organizations: toward information technology support (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 451-459 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Electronic commerce enables organizations to form virtual organizations. Shifting between different linkages of the partners for satisfying a need is the major characteristic of the virtual organization, and meta-management beyond the individual organizational level must be applied in order to optimize the benefit for the entire organizational network. This paper proposes a meta-management support system to support the meta-management in virtual organizations. Object-oriented organization modeling and virtual value chain analysis are used to implement the proposed meta-management support system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349462
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    Strategic management of electronic commerce: an adaptation of the balanced scorecard (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 439-450 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The balanced scorecard is a formal management technique that is built on the premise that measurement is a prerequisite to strategic management. A broad range of business goals can be incorporated in the scorecard and realistic performance targets can be aligned with business strategies. Electronic commerce is rapidly becoming concerned with the many different ways organisations do business and is therefore an area of strategic concern to organisations. A case study of the implementation of the balanced scorecard in a public utility will be analysed to suggest how the basic concepts and philosophy of the balanced scorecard can be retained in its adaptation to the strategic management of electronic commerce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349453
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  • 83
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    Enabling integrated decision making for electronic commerce by modelling an enterprise's sharable knowledge (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 418-425 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A key benefit of advances in information technology has been the increased ability to make decisions that integrate different perspectives. Enterprise resource planning software integrates information from traditionally disparate parts of the same organization. Search engines and Internet services allow a user to integrate information from sources all over the world. So what kind of integrated decisions can the e-commerce supplier or customer make? From a technological perspective, the answer to this question depends on the following: how a given organization presents its information to others, and how it finds the right information from others. A useful tool for e-commerce suppliers and customers to make integrated decisions is an enterprise model, a computational model of the knowledge about an enterprise - its products, processes, organizational structures, resources, goals, and constraints. Sharable knowledge, once organized and represented in an enterprise model, can then be integrated by the modelled enterprise's e-commerce partners. Presents background on enterprise modelling followed by the key managerial and technological challenges in extending traditional models of the enterprise for e-commerce. Finally, discusses research to address some of these challenges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349435
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  • 84
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    MOOsburg: multi-user domain support for a community network (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 65-73 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: MOOsburg is a community-oriented multi-user domain. It was created to enrich the Blacksburg Electronic Village by providing real-time, situated, interaction, and a place-based information model for community information. We are experimenting with an implementation fundamentally different from classic multi-user domains object-oriented (MOOs), supporting distributed system development and management, and a direct manipulation approach to navigation. To guide the development of MOOsburg, we are focusing on a set of community-oriented applications, including a virtual science fair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110365733
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    The World Wide Web: a vehicle to develop interactive learning and teaching applications (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 74-83 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The paper is about how to use the World Wide Web (Web) for education. After a brief review of this area, the main issues regarding the use of Web for education are discussed. Based on this discussion, a design, a preliminary implementation of a prototype, the experience gained from this work and future work are described and a few conclusions drawn. Experience from the trial of the system shows that the Web is a cost-effective technology to facilitate the development of educational applications across the Internet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110365742
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  • 86
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    An exploration of flow during Internet use (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 103-113 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Several authors have suggested that the concept of flow is useful for understanding consumer behaviour in computer-mediated environments. Previous Internet flow research has used self-completion questionnaires. This research uses focus groups to facilitate the identification and discussion of respondents' Internet experience. Explores respondents' awareness and experience of flow. Finds that half of the respondents recognised Internet flow experience and that Internet flow seems to prolong Internet and Web site usage. Identifies several factors that promote or inhibit Internet flow. These factors may help practitioners design Web sites that stimulate flow and encourage users to stay on the site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695070
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  • 87
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    Demographic and motivation variables associated with Internet usage activities (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 125-137 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines demographic variables (gender, age, educational level) and motivation variables (perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness) associated with Internet usage activities (defined in terms of messaging, browsing, downloading and purchasing). A total of 1,370 usable responses were obtained using a Web page survey. Results showed that males are more likely to engage in downloading and purchasing activities while females are more likely to engage in messaging activities. Younger users engage in messaging and downloading activities to a greater extent than older users. Perceived usefulness is associated with the four activities, while perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment are associated with messaging, browsing and downloading activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695089
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  • 88
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    Web-based teaching materials: a user's profile (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 138-149 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Technological advances have spurred the development of Web-based teaching. Today, a substantial body of research addresses the effectiveness of this new teaching medium. Results have been mixed, showing mostly no significant improvement over traditional methods. Examines a fundamental, yet often forgotten, element in designing Web-based teaching materials: the user. Aims to draw a profile of the heaviest users of a course Web site and uncover the reasons why non-users decide not to access supplemental materials on the Web. The results indicate that male students access the Web site more often than females. Higher GPA was also related to heavier use. The most important result seems to be the relationship between learning style and use, with assimilators paying more frequent visits to the Web site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695106
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  • 89
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    Commercial Web site links (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 114-124 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Every hyperlink pointing at a Web site is a potential source of new visitors, especially one near the top of a results page from a popular search engine. The order of the links in a search results page is often decided upon by an algorithm that takes into account the number and quality of links to all matching pages. The number of standard links targeted at a site is therefore doubly important, yet little research has touched on the actual interlinkage between business Web sites, which numerically dominate the Web. Discusses business use of the Web and related search engine design issues as well as research on general and academic links before reporting on a survey of the links published by a relatively random collection of business Web sites. The results indicate that around 66 percent of Web sites do carry external links, most of which are targeted at a specific purpose, but that about 17 percent publish general links, with implications for those designing and marketing Web sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110388224
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    Using the Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale to identify innovative Internet consumers (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 149-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A total of 117 student consumers participated in a longitudinal survey of their purchasing behavior for three product categories: snack foods, CDs, and skin care. The Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale was included in the survey to measure how innovative participants were with regard to buying online. It was hypothesized that an innovative predisposition toward online buying would be associated positively with more hours of Internet use, greater Internet purchasing, higher likelihood of future Internet purchase, and use of the Internet to download music. The data analyses confirmed all these hypotheses. Few respondent demographics, however, were related to any of these variables. These results demonstrate that the Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale is a reliable and valid measure of this potentially important construct; and that Internet innovativeness functions as predicted by theories of consumer innovative behavior, thereby increasing the generalizability of these theories and yielding potentially important information for e-commerce managers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695098
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    Creating a digital marketspace presence: lessons in extranet implementation (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 167-184 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Aims to establish a basic conceptual framework for understanding extranet implementation guidelines. Provides a specific case using VF Playwear, Inc.'s HealthTexbtob.com, a business-to-business extranet for linking VF with its customers. Owing to the heavy pressure to create a Web presence in the digital marketspace, some firms have found it beneficial to work with e-business solution providers that can assist them through the critical points of the development life cycle. VF Playwear, Inc. manufactures children's clothing and is part of the VF Corporation umbrella that supplies such well-known clothing brands as Wrangler, Lee, Rustler, Vanity Fair, and Vassarette, among others. Lessons learned by VF Playwear, Inc., in close collaboration with MERANT E-Solutions (enterprise solutions) and Egility I-Solutions (infrastructure solutions), are featured in this case study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110388206
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    A trustworthy Internet auction model with verifiable fairness (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 159-166 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a novel Internet auction model achieving verifiable fairness, a requirement aimed at enhancing the trust of bidders in auctioneers. Distrust in remote auctioneers prevents bidders from participating in Internet auctioning. According to proposed survey reports, this study presents four characteristics that render the Internet untrustworthy for bidders. These intrinsic properties suggest that auction sites not only follow auction policies, but provide customers with evidence validating that the policies are applied fairly. Evidence of verifiable fairness provides bidders with a basis for confidence in Internet auctions. Cryptographic techniques are also applied herein to establish a novel auction model with evidence to manifest and verify every step of the auctioneer. Analysis results demonstrate that the proposed model satisfies various requirements regarding fairness and privacy. Moreover, in the proposed model, the losing bids remain sealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110388215
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    Facilitating virtual team relationships via Internet and conventional communication channels (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 190-202 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The development of personal relationships between team members is recognised as an important factor in enhancing effective working relationships among members of both co-located and virtual teams. However, little has been written on how to build these online relationships among virtual team members. This paper reports part of a qualitative research study on how facilitators of virtual teams build and maintain online relationships. In particular, the paper examines how virtual team facilitators use Internet-based and conventional electronic communication channels to build relationships with their virtual team members. The findings suggest that some electronic communication channels are more effective than others in building online relationships. The paper concludes by suggesting that facilitators need to strategically use the channels available to them to effectively build online relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396450
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    Remodelling marketing communications in an Internet environment (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 203-212 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that the Internet demands a significant review of approaches to marketing communications at both the strategic and tactical levels. At the strategic level in e-business applications the way in which marketing communication is integrated with business operations makes it difficult to continue to view marketing communications as a distinct and bounded area of activity. The level of integration of marketing communications and their role in e-commerce depends on the stage of development of e-commerce. At the tactical level, channel, message and audience characteristics have implications for attracting attention, cultivating awareness, and assessing the impact of communications and promotional activities. An Appendix offers an extensive list of questions for research and innovation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110397017
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    Why e-business must evolve beyond market orientation: applying human interaction models to computer-mediated corporate communications (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 213-225 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Seeks to inform the design of corporate communications for e-business. A critique of market orientation suggests that in the new paradigm of dynamically configured network organisations, a multiplicity of partners requires that the orientation must be broadened to allow dialogue to permeate and coordinate the network. It discusses the increasing importance of corporate interaction as companies virtualise. Underlying enablers of effective corporate dialogue are examined by comparing sociological and psychological theories of human interaction and relationship formation with organisational interaction theories of corporate relationship formation. The paper continues by examining human-computer interaction and concludes by synthesising the literature to create a prototype construct to inform Web site design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396937
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    A new Web assessment index: Spanish universities analysis (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 226-234 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Despite the rapid growth of the World Wide Web in the last several years few studies have appeared in the literature assessing Web sites' efficacy. This paper provides an original Web Assessment Index, focused on four categories: accessibility, speed, navigability and content. The scoring mechanism is explained and the index is applied to assess the Web sites of all Spanish universities. Finally, conclusions and implications derived from this study are presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396469
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    The first Internet course: implications of increased prior participant experience (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 235-245 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines changes in experience and confidence among students taking their first Internet course at university between 1994 and 2000 in a country with high Internet use. Time series show that the number of participants who had used the Internet before commencing university has increased so it is now rare to encounter a student with no prior experience. While almost all new students are experienced and confident users of e-mail and the WWW, not all have used search engines, and exposure to new and advanced tools is limited. Very few have built a Web page. The first Internet course at universities in countries with high Internet penetration should develop students' understanding of the Internet as it is used in everyday life by developing knowledge of the Internet's history and development, advanced skills in Internet use, and the knowledge required to evaluate the potential of new Internet technologies and applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396829
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    Online business education in the twenty-first century: an analysis of potential target markets (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 246-260 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The future of online business education seems quite bright. Three-fifths of the 1,700 US institutions of higher learning that are engaged in distance education - 55 percent of which offer credit-bearing business courses - already use some form of Internet-based technology. Nonetheless, there have been no large-scale studies of potential online business students in terms of their traits and desires. In this article, the background of distance education is presented. Then, the results of a major survey, involving NPD's Online Research Panel, are discussed. In all, 2,651 adults participated in the survey, 1,945 of whom indicated some interest in online business education. Eight propositions are tested, relating to demographics, courses versus programs, reasons for enrolling or not enrolling, desired features, customer service expectations, tuition, prestige and value, and institutional attributes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396432
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    Inter-organizational trust in EDI adoption: the case of Ford Motor Company and PBR Limited in Australia (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 261-269 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Inter-organizational-systems such as EDI have been the main form of business to business e-commerce application in the automotive industry for the last two decades. However, previous studies in EDI adoption mostly examined environmental, organizational and technological factors. This study examines behavioral dimensions of trading partner trust in EDI adoption via a qualitative interpretative case study conducted between an automotive manufacturer and their first tier supplier. While trading partner trust was observed to be an implicit factor embedded in pre-arranged contractual agreements, the findings of this study suggests that trading partner trust is important for cooperative long term trading relationships and contributes to increased awareness on the importance of trading partner trust in EDI adoption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110396441
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    The influence of information ecology on e-commerce initiatives (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 286-295 
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    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper explores the influence of an organization's information ecology, or internal information environment, on a firm's electronic commerce initiatives and plans. To investigate this problem area, results are reported from a recent case study investigation on the adoption and use of a specific e-commerce initiative - namely a corporate portal - by 20 participants at a large Canadian company. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and field observations, while analysis comprised a variant form of grounded theory. Factors of the information ecology influencing portal utilization are identified. From these, implications are drawn to e-commerce solutions in general. Specific recommendations include the need to create a democratic steering committee to oversee the development of e-commerce solutions, gain support of upper management, and market and train organizational workers on the functionality and strategic importance of a company's e-commerce initiatives and plans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240110402740
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