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  • Articles  (9,101)
  • 2020-2024  (358)
  • 2020-2021
  • 2015-2019  (8,743)
  • Sociology  (9,101)
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  • 1
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    A comparative review for understanding elite interest and climate change policy in China (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: China’s climate change policy has rapidly evolved from one of neglect to necessity with sinologists drawing on a wide range of theories in trying to explain this shift. The rising influence of citizens' movements coupled with international pressure are often cited as significant drivers behind the government’s evolving climate change strategy. But can the influence of public pressure and international lobbying offer a complete explanation for the government’s dramatic policy changes? In this article, we advance theoretical pluralism where three contending schools of thought are made complementary to offer distinct explanations for understanding the mechanisms and rationale for Beijing’s elite-driven climate change policy. In brief, by bridging three separate theoretical streams including rational choice theory, authoritarian environmentalism and advocacy coalition framework, we show that the interests of elites in China’s upper political echelon are the driving force behind the country’s climate change policy.
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Canadian migration destinations of recent immigrants and interprovincial migrants: similarities, differences and explanations (2015)
    SpringerOpen
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Canadian Census data for 1981–2006 is used to document substantial differences in the destination locations of immigrants and interprovincial migrants. These differences have increased over time as have differences in the characteristics of the two migrant groups. Differences in age, education, and marital status of the two migrant groups explain little of the observed differences. Visible minority status and language differences are somewhat more important; however, much of the difference in migrant group destinations cannot be explained by measured characteristics.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-9039
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Published by SpringerOpen
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  • 3
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    Erratum to: Understanding determinants of farmers’ investments in sustainable land management practices in Ethiopia: review and synthesis (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 4
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    Development of cross-border interconnections – A review of the case of Mediterranean basin (2015)
    The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-20
    Description: Electricity markets in the Mediterranean basin countries are characterised by the substantial disparity in their degree of openness and competitiveness. . There is also a difference in the maturity of their economies and their rate of economic and population growth. For example, the South and East Mediterranean Countries (SEMCs), which currently account for a quarter of total GDP of the region, are expected to grow at twice the rate of the North Mediterranean Countries (NMCs) until the end of the next decade. Similarly, the population in SEMCs is growing at a faster rate than the in NMCs. This imbalance has profound implications for energy stability and trade in the region. Development of cross border interconnections could reduce the energy gap among sub-regional markets and pave the way towards a well-integrated energy market. Additionally, in order for renewable energy to play an important role in the energy markets of the region the national electricity systems of the Euro-Mediterranean countries needs to be highly interconnected. Against this background, this paper aims to analyse the development of cross-border interconnections in the Mediterranean basin in light of existing disparities in the state of market maturities, institutions, national energy goals and regional objectives. Our analysis aims to illustrate how current provisions that regulate and discipline cross border interconnections in the EU do not apply, in the short- to medium-term, to SEMCs. And how the current regulatory framework, while designed to favour competition in electricity supply, appears to be poorly adapted to addressing security of supply at a regional level. The post Development of cross-border interconnections – A review of the case of Mediterranean basin appeared first on Oxford Institute for Energy Studies .
    Print ISSN: 0959-7727
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Sociology , Economics
    Published by The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
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  • 5
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    Local community acceptance of the rare earth industry: the case of the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) in Malaysia (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-04
    Description: This paper provides a detailed analysis of the local community response to a newly installed rare earth (RE) refinery facility and the factors underlying its acceptance. House-to-house interviews, using structured questionnaire, were conducted in 2013 ( N  = 370). Results show that the community was divided into deciding whether they agreed with the presence of the facility, 41.36 % (for) and 41.62 % (against). The remaining fraction of the community was undecided, which made up 17.03 % of the total respondents. This paper identifies six significant predictors of risk acceptance: gender, education status, place of residence, Factor 1 (variables—perception of safety, concern on effects, and trust in the operators), Factor 2 (variables—social and individual benefits), and Factor 3 (variables—no confidence in government). This study gives insights on how the public respond to potential hazardous facilities and highlights the need for policy makers to consider public sentiment which can interfere with further expansion of the RE industry.
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 6
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    Gas-to-power market and investment incentive for enhancing generation capacity – an analysis of Ghana’s electricity sector (2015)
    The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Ghana’s electricity generation capacity is currently insufficient to meet demand, making power outages and load shedding common. The resulting impact is potentially devastating for the country’s growth prospects. Traditionally, lack of an affordable and reliable fuel supply for power generation, coupled with ineffective institutions and an unfavourable investment climate, have resulted in Ghana’s electricity sector performing poorly. In light of the 2007 discovery of natural gas reserves in Ghanaian waters, this paper examines whether domestic gas could advance the performance of the electricity sector, and if so, how. The results of our analysis show that utilization of gas reserves in Ghana’s gas-to-power market is an economically superior strategy compared to an export-oriented utilization scheme. The lack of an effective regulatory framework for investment, skill shortages, and an inefficient electricity pricing structure continue to be the main constraining factors. Our analysis also considers possible approaches to modification of the electricity tariff in order to send the right signal to potential investors in generation capacity, without compromising the affordability of power supply. Executive Summary The post Gas-to-power market and investment incentive for enhancing generation capacity – an analysis of Ghana’s electricity sector appeared first on Oxford Institute for Energy Studies .
    Print ISSN: 0959-7727
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Sociology , Economics
    Published by The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
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  • 7
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    Farming adaptation to environmental change in coastal Bangladesh: shrimp culture versus crop diversification (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-14
    Description: Farming in coastal Bangladesh includes rice/shrimp and rice/non-rice cropping systems. The former has been highly profitable but has exacerbated salinization of soil and water. We evaluate the relative profitability, riskiness, and sustainability of the two cropping systems, using data from two coastal villages in Khulna District. Shrimp cultivation was initially very rewarding. However, over 12–15 years, the cropping system experienced declining profitability, increased salinity, and adverse impacts on rice cropping and the local environment. From 2009, farmers adapted the system by changing the pond ( gher ) infrastructure, adopting delayed planting of a saline-tolerant rice cultivar, flushing out accumulated salt with freshwater during rice cropping, and allowing the soil to dry out after harvesting rice. The budgeting results show that with current management practices, the rice/shrimp system is economically more viable (higher returns to land and labour and less risky) than the rice/non-rice system. Soil analyses showed that while salinity was higher in the gher during the dry season, it was significantly reduced in the wet season and was very similar between the two systems (1–2 dS/m). Hence, as well as being more profitable and less risky, the rice/shrimp system may well be more sustainable than previously observed.
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 8
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    Born abroad and educated here: examining the impacts of education and skill mismatch among immigrant graduates in Europe (2015)
    SpringerOpen
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-11
    Description: This paper examines the wage and job satisfaction effects of over-education and overskilling among migrants graduating from EU-15 based universities in 2005. Female migrants with shorter durations of domicile were found to have a higher likelihood of overskilling. Newly arrived migrants incurred wage penalties which were exacerbated by additional penalties resulting from overskilling in the male labour market and overeducation in the female labour market. Established migrants were found to enjoy wage premia, with no evidence of disproportionate wage impacts arising as a consequence of mismatch. Female migrants were found to have a lower probability of being job satisfied.JEL Classification Keywords: 1J21, J31, J61, Overeducation, Overskilling, Mismatch, Migrants, Gender, Pay, Job satisfaction.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-9039
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Published by SpringerOpen
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  • 9
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    Contribution of the sugar cane industry to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the energy sector: the case of Mauritius (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: The aim of this paper was to present the contribution of the sugar cane industry to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the energy sector. Mauritius is taken as a case study. Sugar cane was introduced in Mauritius during the seventeenth century and production of sugar started around 60 years later. Since then, the cane industry has been one of the economic pillars of the country. Bagasse, a by-product of sugar cane, is used as fuel in cogeneration power plants to produce process heat and electricity. This process heat and the generated electricity are used by an annexed sugar mills for the production of sugar, while the remaining electricity is exported to the national grid. In fact, Mauritius is a pioneer in the field of bagasse-based cogeneration power plant; the first bagasse-based cogeneration power plant that was commissioned in the world was in Mauritius in 1957. The contribution of the cane industry in the electricity sector has been vital for the economic development of Mauritius and also in terms of mitigating carbon dioxide emissions by displacing fossil fuels in electricity generation, as bagasse is classified as a renewable source. Data obtained from Statistics Mauritius on electricity production for the past 45 years were analysed, and carbon dioxide emissions were calculated based on international norms. It is estimated that savings on heavy fuel oil importation were by 1.5 million tons of oil—representing a value of 2.9 billion dollars—thus avoiding 4.5 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions. This figure can be further increased if molasses, a by-product of sugar cane juice, is used to produce bio-ethanol to be used as fuel in vehicles.
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 10
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    World Water Week 2015 (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Print ISSN: 1387-585X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2975
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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