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  • Books
  • Articles  (7)
  • strata control  (7)
  • 2020-2020
  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1950-1954
  • Geosciences  (7)
  • Political Science
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  • Articles  (7)
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  • Geosciences  (7)
  • Political Science
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer aided design and strata control (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Coal mining ; strata control ; computer-aided design ; mine planning: steep seam working
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Research into strata control has been pursued at Cerchar for the last 20 years, and has led to the definition of rules for the siting of new mine workings. These rules are drawn up as a function of the ‘volume of influence’ which is exerted by existing workings. To facilitate their application by the coal producer, a computer-aided design system for steep-seam faces has been developed on a minicomputer. The main features of the interactions which occur within the volume of influence of such faces are restated and the system which has been developed for design is described, with particular emphasis on the design stages which involved graphic systems and data base management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880856
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of rock classification to estimate roof caving span in oblong workings (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Rock classification ; longwall mining ; strata control ; mine openings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Indian coal measures have widely varying caving characteristics. The maximum roof span of a longwall or depillaring panel at the time of nether roof collapse is shown to have a direct relation withRQD from a study of 12 case histories. A similar relation between maximum unsupported span of openings and rock mass quality as defined by theQ-system was also demonstrated. A simple nomogram is presented to predict the face advance required to cause roof collapse when theRQD or rock mass quality is known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880878
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation and error analysis of a strata modelling technique (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 305-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Coal mining ; finite difference analysis ; error analysis ; strata control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Sources of error are investigated for a two-dimensional finite difference computer program designed to model strata deformation. The program calculates the displacements of a mesh of ‘mass points’, by the iterative solution of equations of equilibrium for the stresses acting on each mass point. The effect of errors on both displacement estimates and stress estimates is considered. Round-off errors are discussed analytically, while the effect of choosing too coarse a mesh density is demonstrated by comparison of two runs of the program with identical material properties, but different mesh densities. The influence of boundary conditions and the result of incomplete relaxation of the finite difference equations is estimated by comparison with Kirsch's analytical solution for a thin plate of finite width with a circular hole under unidimensional load. As a result of the analysis, estimators for stresses and displacements are derived, which make allowance for some of the sources of error; suitable boundary conditions for first and subsequent runs of the program are proposed; and a convergence criterion for the iterative process is suggested. These results are then applied to simulations of mining situations, together with various refinements of the basic model, such as separation and ‘slip’ between adjacent strata, and an allowance for failure of material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00881119
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic methods for the prediction of strata behaviour (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 291-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Coal mining ; strata control ; finite difference analysis ; stochastic methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary A two-dimensional finite difference computer program, with the facility to represent stratified material by means of a mesh of ‘mass points’ with different material properties in each square of the mesh, is adapted to run on a mesh whose material properties are selected stochastically from a specified distribution. The program uses an iterative method to solve the equations of equilibrium, giving estimates of displacements and stresses. Lattices of normally distributed (zero mean, unit variance) random values are produced: lattices of statistically independent values and lattices whose values are spatially correlated, to give the effect of gradual variations resulting in regions of positive values and regions of negative values. These lattices are used to generate the material properties: Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and density. Each property has a specified mean and standard deviation for each material in the model, and the precise values for each mass point are calculated from the relevant lattices. A simple model with a square opening is used to investigate the effect of this stochastic generation of material properties, by comparison of stresses and displacements near the opening for runs of the program with (1) deterministic and (2) stochastic properties. Similar lattices of random values are used to introduce a stochastic element in the criterion for failure of materials. This is applied to a more realistic simulation of a mining situation, where Mohr's Criterion is used, with a stochastic component, to determine whether failure has occurred at each point of the mesh.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00881118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Astrata control system and its application in West German coal mining (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 119-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Coal mining ; strata control ; rock pressure ; mine planning ; longwall mining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Astrata control system has been developed to improve mine planning and design in deep coal mines in West Germany, where redistributed stresses from longwall workings in weak strata create difficult support problems. The system involves theoretical, laboratory and underground observations and studies of strata and support performance. Examples of the system covered in detail include planning the position and support of a cross-cut; improving a face layout; planning a gateroad; planning strata bolting and planning longwall face layouts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880877
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of underground workings in the soft rocks of the Coal Measures (1983)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 1 (1983), S. 91-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Longwall mining ; strata control ; rock mechanics ; pillars ; tunnelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary The characteristics of soft rocks typical of the British Coal Measures are defined and a series of working hypotheses are developed to provide improved design methods for underground roadway and face supports and pillars in coal mines. Proposed design equations are tested against case history data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880785
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roof bolting in underground mining: a state-of-the-art review (1984)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 2 (1984), S. 1-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Rock bolting ; underground mining ; strata control ; support ; rock mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Conclusions With continuing investigations and developments, roof bolting today can in most cases successfully reinforce the mine roof in underground mining. In order to cope with the increasing use of roof bolts, efforts should be made to maximize the safety and minimize the cost. With regard to mechanical bolting, two important parameters need more advanced improvements and study, namely, optimum design of the shape and type of expansion shell and optimum bolt tension for a specific bolt pattern. For the fully grouted resin bolt, the most critical requirement is to develop a fast-setting, low-cost, intoxic, inflammable grouting material that can be used in the high speed mining cycle. It should be noted that geological conditions such as the strata type, rock properties,in situ stress, and planes of weakness play an important role in the successful application of any roof bolting system. These factors should be specified as accurately and quantitatively as possible in the design of any roof bolting system. Finally, proper and careful installation and continuous monitoring are imperative for the success of any roof bolting system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880855
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