ALBERT

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book reviews results from the CAWSES program, including the evolution of solar radiation, solar influence on Earth's atmosphere, the importance of coupling mechanisms and middle and upper atmosphere climate signals, relative to natural variability.CAWSES (Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System) is the most important scientific program of SCOSTEP (Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics). CAWSES has triggered a scientific priority program within the German Research Foundation for a period of 6 years. Approximately 30 scientific institutes and 120 scientists were involved in Germany with strong links to international partners. The priority program focuses on solar influence on climate, atmospheric coupling processes, and space climatology. This book summarizes the most important results from this program covering some important research topics from the Sun to climate. Solar related processes are studied including the evolution of solar radiation with relevance to climate. Results regarding the influence of the Sun on the terrestrial atmosphere from the troposphere to the thermosphere are presented including stratospheric ozone, mesospheric ice clouds, geomagnetic effects, and their relevance to climate.Several chapters highlight the importance of coupling mechanisms within the atmosphere, covering transport mechanisms of photochemically active species, dynamical processes such as gravity waves, tides, and planetary waves, and feedback mechanisms between the thermal and dynamical structure of the atmosphere. Special attention is paid to climate signals in the middle and upper atmosphere and their significance relative to natural variability.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents:Introduction and Motivation.- Optimality and Complementarity.- Some Microeconomic Principles.- Equilibria and Complementarity Problems.- Variational Inequality Problems.- Optimization Problems Constrained by Optimization Problems.- Equilibrium Problems with Equilibrium Constraints.- Algorithm for LCPs, NCPs, and VIs.- Some Advanced Algorithms for VI Decomposition, MPCCs and EPECs.- Natural Gas Market Modeling.- Electricity and Environmental Markets.- Multicommodity Equilibrium Models: Accounting for Demand-Side Linkages.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This series of reference books describes the sciences of different fields in and around geodesy. Each chapter, is written by experts in the respective fields and covers an individual field and describes the history, theory, the objective, the technology, and the development, the highlight of the research, the applications, the problems, as well as future directions. Contents of Volume II include: Geodetic LEO Satellite Missions, Satellite Altimetry, Airborne Lidar, GNSS Software Receiver, Geodetic Boundary Problem, GPS and INS, VLBI, Geodetic Reference Systems, Spectral Analysis, Earth Tide and Ocean Loading Tide, Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry, Occultation, Geopotential Determination, Geoid Determination, Local Gravity Field, Geopotential Determination, Magnet Field, Mobile Mapping, General Relativity, Wide-area Precise Positioning etc. Table of contens: Geodetic LEO Satellite Missions.- Satellite Altimetry.- Airborne Lidar.- GNSS Software Receiver.- Geodetic Boundary Problem.- GPS and INS.- VLBI, Geodetic Reference Systems.- Spectral Analysis.- Earth Tide and Ocean Loading Tide.- Remote Sensing.- Photogrammetry.- Occultation.- Geopotential Determination.- Geoid Determination.- Local Gravity Field.- Geopotential Determination.- Magnet Field.- Mobile Mapping.- General Relativity.- Wide-area Precise Positioning etc.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1 Preliminaries ; 2 Introductory examples ; 3 IPython: an interactive computing and development environment ; 4 NumPy basics: arrays and vectorized computation ; 5 Getting started with pandas ; 6 Data loading, storage, and file formats ; 7 Data wrangling: clean, transform, merge, reshape ; 8 Plotting and visualization ; 9 Data aggregation and group operations ; 10 Time series ; 11 Financial and economic data applications ; 12 Advanced Numpy ; Appendix: Python language essentials

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: "This book aims at creating contact points between the current academic and policy debate's obsession with global-centered to the most neglected local-centered concerns with climate change. Although climate change impacts on the environmental life support system are global, its manifestations and subsequent consequences are social and therefore local. Therefore this book gives special attention to the significance of local communities and local governments' formal and informal adaptation and mitigation responses. Local Climate Change and Society articulates how climate change alters society-environment relationships, contributing to structural changes in local communities and societies relationship to environmental resources and economic opportunities essential for eking a living and leading a healthy life. The book consists of 12 Chapters and case studies from across the globe, written by academics, researchers and policy makers at the cutting edge of climate change studies. The main sub- themes covered by this book include: of the book are as follows: conceptualizing local climate change and society relations; analyzing and explaining local government response to local climate change, particularly adaptation/mitigation; Micro-climate policies and responses; and climate social movements and activism in South-North perspectives"--

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Introduction: Can improving returns to food-water in Africa meet African food needs and the needs of other consumers? ; Part I: The history of land grabs and the contradictions of development ; 1.1 Enclosure revisited: putting the global land rush in historical perspective ; 1.2 Land alienation under colonial and white settler governments in southern Africa: historical land 'grabbing' ; 1.3 Sudan and its agricultural revival: a regional breadbasket at last or another mirage in the desert? ; 1.4 The contradictions of development: primitive accumulation and geopolitics in the two Sudans ; 1.5 The experience of land grab in Liberia ; Part II: Investors-profiles and current investment trends ; 2.1 Chinese engagement in African agriculture: fiction and fact ; 2.2 The global food crisis and the Gulf's quest for Africa's agricultural potential ; 2.3 A global enclosure: the geo-logics of Indian agro-investments in Africa ; 2.4 Private investment in agriculture ; 2.5 The role of domestic investors: the arrival of the 'businessmen' in West Africa ; 2.6 'Land grabs' and alternative modalities for agricultural investments in emerging markets ; 2.7 Change in trend and new types of large-scale investments in Ethiopia ; 2.8 Tapping into Al-Andaluz resources: opportunities and challenges for investment in Morocco ; 2.9 A blue revolution for Zambia? Large-scale irrigation projects and land and water 'grabs' ; Part III: The political economy of land and water grabs ; 3.1 Claiming (back) the land: the geopolitics of Egyptian and South African land and water grabs ; 3.2 Investing into the next cycle? Land grabs and the green economy ; 3.3 The political economy of land and water grabs ; 3.4 Will peak oil cause a rush for land in Africa? ; 3.5 How to govern the global rush for land and water? ; 3.6 Keep calm and carry on: what we can learn from the three food price crises of the 1940s, 1970s and 2007-8 ; 3.7 Constructing a new water future? An analysis of Ethiopia's current hydropower development ; 3.8 Inverse globalisation? The global agricultural trade system and Asian investments in African land and water resources ; Part IV: Environment ; 4.1 Green and blue water dimensions of foreign direct investment in biofuel and food production in West Africa: the case of Ghana and Mali ; 4.2 Green and blue water in Africa: how foreign direct investment can support sustainable intensification ; 4.3 Groundwater in Africa: is there sufficient water to support the intensification of agriculture from 'land grabs'? ; 4.4 The water resource implications for and of FDI projects in Africa: a biophysical analysis of opportunity and risk ; 4.5 Analyse to optimise: sustainable intensification of agricultural production through investment in integrated land and water management in Africa ; Part V: Livelihoods ; 5.1 Expectations and implications of the rush for land: understanding the opportunities and risks at stake in Africa ; 5.2 China-Africa agricultural co-operation, African land tenure reform and sustainable farmland investments ; 5.3 Competing narratives of land reform in south Sudan ; 5.4 Struggles and resistance against land dispossession in Africa: an overview

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The overall aim of the book is to introduce students to the typical course followed by a data analysis project in earth sciences. A project usually involves searching relevant literature, reviewing and ranking published books and journal articles, extracting relevant information from the literature in the form of text, data, or graphs, searching and processing the relevant original data using MATLAB, and compiling and presenting the results as posters, abstracts, and oral presentations using graphics design software. The text of this book includes numerous examples on the use of internet resources, on the visualization of data with MATLAB, and on preparing scientific presentations. As with its sister book MATLAB Recipes for Earth Sciences-3rd Edition (2010), which demonstrates the use of statistical and numerical methods on earth science data, this book uses state-of-the art software packages, including MATLAB and the Adobe Creative Suite, to process and present geoscientific information collected during the course of an earth science project. The book's supplementary electronic material (available online through the publisher's website) includes color versions of all figures, recipes with all the MATLAB commands featured in the book, the example data, exported MATLAB graphics, and screenshots of the most important steps involved in processing the graphics.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1. Introduction: What's Economics Got to Do with It? Part 1: Ecological Sustainability: How Much Nature Do We Need? 2. How Much Nature Do We Have? 3. How Much Nature Do We Need? Can We Sustain Its Use? 4. What Should We Do About It? Part 2: Economic Sustainability: How Much For Nature? 5. What is the Value of Nature? 6.Accounting for Economic Sustainability. 7. What Should We Do About It? 8. Bridging the Gap: Ecologial and Environmental Economics. Part 3: Sustainable Development: What Else Do We Need? 9. A Cure-All Paradigm? 10. What Should We Do About It? 11. Some Conclusions: What's Countable? What Counts? What Should We Do About It?

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Top space experts from around the world have collaborated to produce this comprehensive, authoritative, and clearly illustrated reference guide to the fast growing, multi-billion dollar field of satellite applications and space communications. This handbook, done under the auspices of the International Space University based in France, addresses not only system technologies but also examines market dynamics, technical standards and regulatory constraints. The handbook is a completely multi-disciplinary reference book that covers, in an in-depth fashion, the fields of satellite telecommunications, Earth observation, remote sensing, satellite navigation, geographical information systems, and geosynchronous meteorological systems. It covers current practices and designs as well as advanced concepts and future systems. It provides a comparative analysis of the common technologies and design elements for satellite application bus structures, thermal controls, power systems, stabilization techniques, telemetry, command and control (TTC), and orbital configurations. These common aspects are addressed in an integrated fashion to explain how all these space systems share similar design features, but also have quite specialized application packages to carry out their various missions. No other reference in print today provides such a comprehensive and in-depth guide to all forms of application satellites, including small sats as used by countries just beginning space application programs.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: In the face of the global financial and economic crisis, Germany has addressed many urgent social, political and economical challenges of our times. Bold projects and ideas like the "Energiewende", waste cycle management, concepts for growth in saturated markets, and demographic change have been put on the agenda. Both German and international experts share their insights into the future laboratory Germany and outline the emerging cornerstones of a green economy which may soon turn out to be yet another export hit. This volume is published in honor of Klaus Töpfer's 75th birthday. He is a vocal advocate and leading pioneer of feasible and prudent future scenarios. Lutz Engelke is Chief Executive Officer of TRIAD Berlin and honorary professor for Design at the FH Potsdam. Günther Bachmann is General Secretary of the German Council for Sustainable Development.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1. The Battle for the Future of American Energy ; 2. "The Barbarians Are at the Door" ; 3. Energy Independence on the Horizon ; 4. "Game Over" ; 5. The Car of the Future ; 6. "Win, Win, Win, Win" ; 7. Wild Cards ; 8. The Energy Opportunity

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 Theory and Hypotheses ; 3 Research Design ; 4 Quantitative Analysis ; 5 Qualitative Analysis ; 6 Decision making in Federal and Unitary Countries ; 7 The Logic of Policy Implementation in Centralised and Decentralised Countries ; 8 Conclusion

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: I Why Cities should Govern Globally ; 1 If mayors ruled the world ; 2 The land of lost content ; 3 The city and democracy ; 4 Mayors rule! ; 5 Interdependent cities ; 6 Cities without sovereignty ; II How it Can be Done ; 7 "Planet of slums" ; 8 City, cure thyself! ; 9 Smart cities in a virtual world ; 10 Cultural cities in a multicultural world ; 11 Citizens without borders ; 12 A global parliament of mayors

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: "In the face of the most perilous challenges of our time--climate change, terrorism, poverty, and trafficking of drugs, guns, and people--the nations of the world seem paralyzed. The problems are too big for governments to deal with. Benjamin Barber contends that cities, and the mayors who run them, can do and are doing a better job than nations. He cites the unique qualities cities worldwide share: pragmatism, civic trust, participation, indifference to borders and sovereignty, and a democratic penchant for networking, creativity, innovation, and cooperation. He demonstrates how city mayors, singly and jointly, are responding to transnational problems more effectively than nation-states mired in ideological infighting and sovereign rivalries. The book features profiles of a dozen mayors around the world, making a persuasive case that the city is democracy's best hope in a globalizing world, and that great mayors are already proving that this is so"--

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Part I: The Evolution of European Electricity Markets ; 1-Evolution of British electricity market and the role of policy for the low carbon future ; 2-Electricity market reform in Britain: Central planning vs. free markets ; 3The French paradox: Competition, nuclear rent and price regulation ; 4-Turnaround in rough sea: The German electricity market ; 5-The growing impact of renewable energy in European electricity markets ; 6-Renewable energy, efficient electricity networks and sector-specific market power regulation ; 7-From niche to mainstream: The evolution of renewable energy in the German electricity market ; 8-The challenges of electricity market regulation in the European Union ; Part II: The evolution of electricity markets in Americas ; 9-The evolution of the PJM capacity market: Does it address the revenue sufficiency problem? ; 10-Texas electricity market: Getting better ; 11-From the brink of abyss to a green, clean and smart future: The evolution of California's electricity market ; 12-Unfinished business: The evolution of US competitive retail electricity markets ; 13-Fragmented markets: Canadian electricity sectors' ; derperformance ; 14-The integration of Latin American energy markets: An outstanding dilemma ; Part III: The evolution of BRICs electricity markets ; 15-Evolution of electricity market in Brazil ; 16-The Russian electricity market reform: Towards the re-regulation of the liberalized ; 17-Not seeing the wood for the trees? Electricity market reform in India ; 18-Reform postponed: The evolution of China's electricity markets ; Part IV: The evolution of electricity markets in Australasia ; 19-Evolution of Australia's national electricity market ; 20-Is electricity industry reform the right answer to the wrong question? Lessons from Australian restructuring and climate policy ; 21-Weak regulation, rising margins, and asset revaluations: New Zealand's failing experiment in electricity reform ; 22-The Korean electricity market: Stuck in transition ; 23-After Fukushima: The evolution of Japanese electricity market ; 24-The Singapore electricity market: From partial to full competition ; 25-Market design for variable generation

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Mitarbeiter des Beirats. - Danksagung. - Kästen. - Tabellen. - Abbildungen. - Akronyme. - Zusammenfassung. - Einleitung. - 1 Die Meere im Anthropozän. - 1.1 Nutzung der Meere. - 1.2 Die Bedrohung der Meere. - 1.3 Mögliche neue Nutzungen. - 1.4 Die Zukunft des Ökosystems Meer gestalten. - 2 Weltgesellschaft und Gesellschaftsvertrag. - 2.1 Weltgesellschaft und Weltmeere. - 2.2 Ein Gesellschaftsvertrag für die Meere. - 3 Governance anthropogener Meeresnutzung. - 3.1 Spezifika der Meere. - 3.2 Völkerrechtlicher Rahmen der Meeres-Governance: UNCLOS. - 3.3 Globale Meeres-Governance: UN-Institutionen und Aktivitäten. - 3.4 Regionale Governance der Meere. - 3.5 Private Governance der Meere. - 3.6 Ausgewählte Instrumente. - 3.7 Folgerungen. - 4 Nahrung aus dem Meer. - 4.1 Marine Fischerei. - 4.2 Aquakultur. - 4.3 Wechselwirkungen zwischen Fischerei und Aquakultur. - 4.4 Systemische Wirkungen: Land/Meer-Interaktionen und Rückkopplungen mit dem Erdsystem. - 4.5 Folgerungen. - 5 Energie aus dem Meer. - 5.1 Fossile Energieträger aus dem Meer. - 5.2Erneuerbare Energien. - 5.3 Vision für ein marines Energiesystem der Zukunft. - 5.4 Governance. - 5.5 Folgerungen. - 6 Synthese: Die blaue Revolution. - 6.1 Die Meere als gemeinsames Erbe der Menschheit. - 6.2 Expansion in die Meere. - 6.3 Eine neue Initiative für den Schutz und die nachhaltige Nutzung der Meere. - 6.4 Elemente einer neuen Meerespolitik. - 7 Handlungsempfehlungen. - 7.1 Handlungsleitende Prinzipien einer künftigen Meeres-Governance. - 7.2 Die WBGU-Vision einer umfassenden Reform des internationalen Seerechts. - 7.3 Handlungsempfehlungen: Der Weg zu einer umfassenden Seerechtsreform. - 7.4 Nahrung aus dem Meer. - 7.5 Energienutzung aus dem Meer für die Energiesystemtransformation. - 8 Empfehlungen für Forschung und Bildung. - 8.1 Forschung im Kontext der Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit. - 8.2 Transformationsforschung für die Meere. - 8.3 Transformative Forschung für die Meere. - 8.4 Empfehlungen zur Forschungspolitik. - 9 Literatur. - 10 Glossar.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Energie aus Biomasse hat mit einem Anteil von weit über acht Prozent am deutschen Endenergieverbrauch den größten Anteil an der Bereitstellung regenerativer Alternativen zum fossil-atomaren System. Die Rohstoffe, die dies ermöglichen, reichen von Energiepflanzen über Wald- und Resthölzer bis hin zu Abfällen aus Landwirtschaft und Biotonne. Der neu erschienene Bundesländer-Potenzialatlas Bioenergie der Agentur für Erneuerbare Energien (AEE) zeigt Status Quo und Möglichkeiten zur Nutzung von Holz, Raps, Mais, Gülle und Co. auf. Je nach regionalen Gegebenheiten sind die Bioenergie-Potenziale in Deutschlands Regionen unterschiedlich groß. Für alle Regionen gilt: Die Vielfalt des Multitalents Bioenergie wird vor Ort gerade erst entdeckt. In den einzelnen Bundesländern kann die Nutzung der Biomasse noch steigen. Das macht der neue AEE-Potenzialatlas ebenso deutlich wie die Vielzahl an Nutzungsmöglichkeiten für die Biomasse. Entwickelt wurde der Band auf Basis von Untersuchungen des Deutschen Biomasseforschungszentrums (DBFZ). (Quelle: Verlag)

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The volume highlights developments in our understanding of the palaeogeographical, palaeobiological, palaeoclimatic and cryospheric evolution of Antarctica. It focuses on the sedimentary record from the Devonian to the Quaternary Period. It features tectonic evolution and stratigraphy, as well as processes taking place adjacent to, beneath and beyond the ice-sheet margin, including the continental shelf.The contributions in this volume include several invited review papers, as well as original research papers arising from the International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences in Edinburgh, in July 2011. These papers demonstrate a remarkable diversity of Earth science interests in the Antarctic. Following international trends, there is particular emphasis on the Cenozoic Era, reflecting the increasing emphasis on the documentation and understanding of the past record of ice-sheet fluctuations. Furthermore, Antarctic Earth history is providing us with important information about potential future trends, as the impact of global warming is increasingly felt on the continent and its ocean.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Volcanoes have played a profound role in shaping our planet, and volcanic activity is a major hazard locally, regionally and globally. Many volcanoes are, however, poorly accessible and sparsely monitored. Consequently, remote sensing is playing an increasingly important role in tracking volcano behaviour, while synoptic remote sensing techniques have begun to make major contributions to volcanological science. Volcanology is driven in part by the operational concerns of volcano monitoring and hazard management, but the goal of volcanological science is to understand the processes that underlie volcanic activity. This volume shows how we may reach a deeper understanding by integrating remote sensing measurements with modelling approaches and, if available, ground-based observations. It includes reviews and papers that report technical advances and document key case studies. They span a range of remote sensing applications to volcanoes, from volcano deformation, thermal anomalies and gas fluxes, to the tracking of eruptive ash and gas plumes. The result is a state-of-the-art overview of the ever-growing importance of remote sensing to volcanology.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Prologue ; The Golden Couple ; Saving Civilization ; Walking on Eggs ; Engaging Head and Heart ; You Can't Go Home Again ; He's Going to Drop a Bomb ; The End of Innocence ; A Lady in the Boardroom ; Roger and Me ; We'll Push 'Em Back into the Sea ; Having It All

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Prolog ; EINLEITUNG - Im Homogenozän ; 1 Zwei Monumente ; TEIL EINS - Atlantikreisen ; 2. Die Tabakküste ; 3. Schlechte Luft ; TEIL ZWEI - Pazifikreisen ; 4. Schiffe voller Geld (Seide für Silber, Teil eins) ; 5. Liebeskrank-Gras, fremde Knollen und Jadereis (Seide für Silber,Teil zwei) ; TEIL DREI - Europa in der Welt ; 6. Der agroindustrielle Komplex ; 7. Schwarzes Gold ; TEIL VIER - Afrika in der Welt ; 8. Verrückte Suppe ; 9. Wald der Entlaufenen SCHLUSS - Lebensströme ; 10. In Bulalacao ; Anhang

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Partizipation und Klimawandel - Zur Einleitung ; Normative Ansprüche und Anwendung von Partizipation ; Herausforderungen für eine integrative Perspektive in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Klimafolgenforschung ; Klimaanpassungspolitiken in Deutschland - Welche Rolle spielt Gerechtigkeit? ; Demokratische Planung der Klimaanpassung? Über die Fallstricke partizipativer Verfahren im expertokratischen Staat ; Aufklärung und/oder Partizipation - Diskussionspapier ; Anpassung an die Folgen des Klimawandels durch Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei Verwaltungsverfahren? ; Partizipation von Praxispartnern: Wer repräsentiert die Landwirtschaft in INKA BB? ; Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zum Begriff "Betroffenheit" in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Partizipationsforschung - Diskussionspapier ; Etablierte Partizipationslandschaften. Hemmnis für Innovationen zur nachhaltigen regionalen Entwicklung und zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel? ; Vielfalt und Methode - Über den Umgang mit spannungsreichen Anforderungen beim Formulieren eines Klimaanpassungsprogramms am Beispiel von REGKLAM ; Partizipative Methoden und Instrumente ; Partizipative Planungs- und Entscheidungsprozesse zur Entwicklung von Klimaanpassungsstrategien in INKA BB ; Partizipation in Regionalen Integrierten Vulnerabilitätsassessments. Ein kritischer Vergleich von 14 Fallbeispielen im Bereich Klimawandel ; Chancen und Grenzen visualisierender Partizipations-Tools ; Zur Rolle der Forschenden beim Praktizieren von Partizipation - Diskussionspapier ; Synthese ; Partizipation und Klimawandel - ein Resümee

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1. Fossil Energy, Introduction ; 2. Oil And Natural Gas: Global Resources ; 3. Petroleum and Oil Sands Exploration and Production ; 4. Petroleum Refining and Environmental Control and Environmental Effects ; 5. Oil Shale Processing, Chemistry and Technology ; 6. Developments in Internal Combustion Engines ; 7. Alaska Gas Hydrate Research and Field Studies ; 8. Gas to Liquids Technologies ; 9. Coal and Peat: Global Resources ; 10. Coal Preparation ; 11. Coal to Liquids ; 12. Mining Industries and their Sustainable Management ; 13. CO2 Reduction and Coal-Based Electricity Generation ; 14. Pulverized Coal-Fired Boilers and Pollution Control ; 15. Natural Gas Power ; 16. CO2 Capture and Sequestration

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Climate is changing, forced out of the range of the past million years by levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not seen in the Earth's atmosphere for a very, very long time. Lacking action by the world's nations, it is clear that the planet will be warmer, sea level will rise, and patterns of rainfall will change. But the future is also partly uncertain -- there is considerable uncertainty about how we will arrive at that different climate. Will the changes be gradual, allowing natural systems and societal infrastructure to adjust in a timely fashion? Or will some of the changes be more abrupt, crossing some threshold or "tipping point" to change so fast that the time between when a problem is recognized and when action is required shrinks to the point where orderly adaptation is not possible? "Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change" is an updated look at the issue of abrupt climate change and its potential impacts. This study differs from previous treatments of abrupt changes by focusing on abrupt climate changes and also abrupt climate impacts that have the potential to severely affect the physical climate system, natural systems, or human systems, often affecting multiple interconnected areas of concern. The primary timescale of concern is years to decades. A key characteristic of these changes is that they can come faster than expected, planned, or budgeted for, forcing more reactive, rather than proactive, modes of behavior. "Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change" summarizes the state of our knowledge about potential abrupt changes and abrupt climate impacts and categorizes changes that are already occurring, have a high probability of occurrence, or are unlikely to occur. Because of the substantial risks to society and nature posed by abrupt changes, this report recommends the development of an Abrupt Change Early Warning System that would allow for the prediction and possible mitigation of such changes before their societal impacts are severe. Identifying key vulnerabilities can help guide efforts to increase resiliency and avoid large damages from abrupt change in the climate system, or in abrupt impacts of gradual changes in the climate system, and facilitate more informed decisions on the proper balance between mitigation and adaptation. Although there is still much to learn about abrupt climate change and abrupt climate impacts, to willfully ignore the threat of abrupt change could lead to more costs, loss of life, suffering, and environmental degradation. "Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change" makes the case that the time is here to be serious about the threat of tipping points so as to better anticipate and prepare ourselves for the inevitable surprises.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1 Reconfiguring the energy world ; 2 Upgrading the energy system of cities and regions ; 3 Optimizing energy management in homes and buildings ; 4 Energy 3.0: addressing the most fundamental challenges of the energy transformation ; Energy 3.0: adapting governance to facilitate the energy transformation ; 6 Energy 3.0: developing end-user-driven business models to advance the energy transformation ; 7 Energy 3.0: reinventing the energy sector to make the energy transformation a reality ; 8 Energy 3.0: accelerating the energy transformation

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Soderžanie: Ot prostogo k složnomy ne iskažaja real'nosti / V. P. Mel'nikov, V. N. Koniščev, V. E. Romanovskij, D. S. Drozbov, V. N. Kubejarov. - Otklik global'nych klimatičeskich izmenenij prošlogo v prirodnych ob''ektach kriolitozony / I. D. Streleckaja. - Torfjanye krugi kriolitozony / O. A. Ogneva, K. V. Matyšak. - Ch meždunarodnaja konferencija po merzlotovedeniju / R. Ju. Fedorov. - Kak v severnoj tajge zapadnoj sibiri menjalsja klimat, i k čemu eto privelo / N. G. Moskalenko, O. E. Ponomareva, E. V. Ustinova, A. G. Gravis, N. M. Berdnikov. - Novaja arktičeskaja naučno-issledovatel'skaja stancija "Ostrov Samojlovskij" v del'te Leny: prirodnye uslovija, perspektivy meždunarodnych i mul'tidisciplinarnych rabot v regione / M. N. Grigor'ev. - O lednikach altaja, gde sneg nikogda ne taet; o gornom chrebte kodare, tekuščej s nego reke čare, i o tom, kak studenty praktiku vosprinimajut / V. S. Šejnktan. - Novoe primenenie diatomitov / V. P. Mel'nikov, K. S. Ivanov. - V poiskach tradicionnych i al'ternativnych istočnikov ±energii zapadnoj sibiri / A. R. Kurčikov. - Ispol'zovanie teplovizora pri geokriologičeskich issledovanijach / D. O. Sergeev, Ju. V. Stanilovskaja, K. V. Savel'ev. - Bez počvy žit' nel'zja na svete, net! / V. N. Kudejarov. - Buket ot Mamonta / S. V. Gubin, S. G. Jasina. - Pis'ma iz prošlogo (k 140-letiju M. I. Sumgina - osnovopoložnika otečestvennogo merzlotovedenija) / I. V. Klimovskij. - Vot tak vse i načinalos' (vospominanie kadrovika o zaroždenii Tjumenskogo naučnogo centra) / V. Ja. Kolesova.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Introduction -- The Global Picture -- Sub-Saharan Africa: Food Production at Risk -- South East Asia: Coastal Zones and Productivity at Risk -- South Asia: Extremes of Water Scarcity and Excess -- 6 Global Projections of Sectoral and Inter-sectoral Impacts and Risks -- Appendixes

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Indigenous peoples and biodiversity in the Arctic. - 1 Synthesis: Implications for Conservation. - 2 Species Diversity in the Arctic. - 3 Mammals. - 4 Birds. - 5 Amphibians and Reptiles. - 6 Fishes. - 7 Terrestrial and Freshwater Invertebrates. - 8 Marine Invertebrates. - 9 Plants. - 10 Fungi. - 11 Microorganisms. - 12 Terrestrial Ecosystems. - 13 Freshwater Ecosystems. - 14 Marine Ecosystems. - 15 Parasites. - 16 Invasive Species: Human-Induced. - 17 Genetics. - 18 Provisioning and Cultural Services. - 19 Disturbance, Feedbacks and Conservations. - 20 Linguistic Diversity.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The eyes of the world are turning northwards. In recent years, interest in the Arctic has increased dramatically within and outside of Arctic countries. This is reflected in the amount of attention given to Arctic biodiversity. While the landscapes and wildlife have been the subject of explorers, scientists, artists and photographers as well as the home of a variety of peoples for a long time, until recently Arctic biodiversity did not feature very prominently in national or international policy work. This, however, is changing, as the unique values of Arctic nature are increasingly discussed at high levels. At the same time, more and more attention has been paid to the interface between science and policy to ensure that policy is built on the best science available. Biodiversity is life. It is the very foundation of our existence on Earth. In the Arctic, links between biodiversity and traditional ways of life are often seen more clearly than in many other parts of the world. These are examples of ecosystem services, the benefits that we receive from nature. Many ecosystems and ecosystem functions in the Arctic remain largely unstudied and involve little-known organisms, especially microbes. The Arctic Biodiversity Assessment presents current knowledge also on these processes and organisms and thus provides a base for further work.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book examines atmospheric effects in space geodesy. It explains how atmospheric effects are best reduced and modelled to improve the accuracy of space geodetic measurements. Various effects of the atmosphere have to be considered in space geodesy and all of them are described and treated consistently in this textbook. Two chapters are concerned with ionospheric and tropospheric path delays of microwave and optical signals used by space geodetic techniques, such as the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), or Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR). It is explained how these effects are best reduced and modelled to improve the accuracy of space geodetic measurements. Other chapters are on the deformation of the Earth's crust due to atmospheric loading, on atmospheric excitation of Earth rotation, and on atmospheric effects on gravity field measurements from special satellite missions such as CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE. All chapters have been written by staff members of the Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation at TU Wien who are experts in the particular fields.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Emerging professions and expertise ; Market strategies and structures ; Operational, organizational, and cultural change ; Perceptions, frames, and narratives ; Perspectives on the future

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Council Staff . - Acknowledgments. - Boxes. - Tables. - Figures. - Acronyms and Abbreviations. - Summary. - Introduction. - 1 The Oceans in the Anthropocene. - 1.1 Use of the oceans. - 1.1.1 The legendary sea and its cultural meanings. - 1.1.2 Food from the sea. - 1.1.3 Ocean shipping and maritime trade. - 1.1.4 The sea as a dump for waste and waste water. - 1.1.5 Energy from the sea. - 1.1.6 Marine mining and resource extraction. - 1.1.7 The economic value of marine ecosystems. - 1.2 Threats to the oceans. - 1.2.1 Physical destruction of ecosystems. - 1.2.2 Overfishing. - 1.2.3 Impacts of marine pollution. - 1.2.3.1 Results of chemical pollution. - 1.2.3.2 Results of plastic pollution. - 1.2.3.3 Radioactive contamination. - 1.2.4 Warming. - 1.2.5 CO2 input and acidification. - 1.2.6 Low-oxygen zones. - 1.2.7 Sea-level rise. - 1.2.8 Aggregated effects. - 1.3 Possible new uses. - 1.3.1 Renewable energy. - 1.3.2 Raw materials. - 1.3.3 Marine genetic resources. - 1.3.4 New developments in marine aquaculture. - 1.4 Shaping the future of the marine ecosystem. - 1.4.1 Primary principles and values. - 1.4.2 Guiding principle for human interaction with the oceans. - 1.4.2.1 Think systemically: Regard and maintain the sea as an ecosystem and aspart of the Earth system. - 1.4.2.2 Act in a precautionary way: Take uncertainty and ignorance into account. - 1.4.2.3 Cooperate: overcoming the tragedy of the commons. - 1.4.3 Exemplary specification of the guiding principle for the sustainable stewardship of the marine ecosystem. - 2 Global Society and Social Contract. - 2.1 Global society and world's oceans. - 2.1.1 The global society in the Anthropocene. - 2.1.2 The emerging global society and global society theory. - 2.1.3 The cosmopolitan challenge. - 2.1.4 Global appreciation of the oceans. - 2.2 A social contract for the seas. - 2.2.1 A social contract as a basis for the Great Transformation. - 2.2.2 Reform of ocean governance. - 3 Governance of Human Ocean Use. - 3.1 Specifics of the seas. - 3.1.1 Oceans as part of the Earth system. - 3.1.2 Demands on marine policy caused by knowledge gaps. - 3.1.3 Oceans as a global public and common good. - 3.1.4 Touchstones for assessing the existing governanceof the oceans. - 3.1.5 Common heritage of mankind. - 3.2 Ocean governance in international law: UNCLOS. - 3.2.1 Zoning of the oceans by UNCLOS. - 3.2.1.1 Territorial sea. - 3.2.1.2 Contiguous zone. - 3.2.1.3 Exclusive economic zone. - 3.2.1.4 Continental shelf. - 3.2.1.5 High seas. - 3.2.1.6 The Area. - 3.2.2 Regulations of UNCLOS on the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans. - 3.2.3 Institutions of UNCLOS. - 3.2.3.1 International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. - 3.2.3.2 International Seabed Authority and the seabed regime. - 3.2.4 Assessment of UNCLOS. - 3.2.4.1 Systemic perspective. - 3.2.4.2 Precautionary principle. - 3.2.4.3 Adaptive management. - 3.2.4.4 Incentives for innovation. - 3.2.4.5 Assignment of rights of use. - 3.2.4.6 Cooperation. - 3.2.4.7 Subsidiary decision-making structures. - 3.2.4.8 Transparent information. - 3.2.4.9 Participative decision-making structures. - 3.2.4.10 Fair distribution mechanisms. - 3.2.4.11 Conflict-resolution mechanisms. - 3.2.4.12 Enforcement mechanisms. - 3.2.5 Core problems and challenges of future ocean governance. - 3.3 Global ocean governance: UN institutions and activities. - 3.3.1 Actors: UN bodies and specialized organizations. - 3.3.1.1 UN General Assembly and UNSecretary-General. - 23.3.1.2 Rio Process. - 3.3.1.3 International Maritime Organization. - 3.3.1.4 UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission. - 3.3.1.5 UN Environmental Programme (UNEP). - 3.3.1.6 UN-Oceans. - 3.3.1.7 Global Environment Facility (GEF). - 3.3.1.8 World Bank Group. - 3.3.2 UN conventions relating to the oceans. - 3.3.2.1 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). - 3.3.2.2 Negotiations on a new implementing agreement on marine biodiversityon the high seas. - 3.3.2.3 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). - 3.3.2.4 UNESCO World Heritage Convention and World Heritage Marine Programme. - 3.3.2.5 MARPOL and SOLAS. - 3.3.2.6 London Convention and London Protocol. - 3.4 Regional ocean governance. - 3.4.1 UNEP Regional Seas Programme. - 3.4.2 Regional seas agreements. - 3.4.2.1 Task areas. - 3.4.2.2 Institutionalization: governance mechanisms and capacity. - 3.4.2.3 Cooperation, coordination, coherence and complementarity. - 3.4.3 EU marine policy. - 3.5 Private ocean governance. - 3.5.1 Options and limitations. - 3.5.2 Example: eco-labels and sustainability labels. - 3.6 Selected instruments. - 3.6.1 Environmental monitoring. - 3.6.2 Marine protected areas and marine spatial planning. - 3.6.2.1 Marine protected areas. - 3.6.2.2 Marine spatial planning. - 3.6.3 Integrated coastal-zone management.. - 3.6.4 Environmental standards. - 3.6.5 Environmental liability. - 3.6.6 Sanctions. - 3.6.7 Class actions. - 3.6.8 International financial transfers. - 3.7 Conclusions. - 4 Food from the Sea. - 4.1 Marine fishery. - 4.1.1 Status and trends of fisheries. - 4.1.2 Importance and effects of fisheries. - 4.1.2.1 Food and food security. - 4.1.2.2 Socioeconomic significance and effects. - 4.1.2.3 Ecological significance and effects. - 4.1.2.4 Small-scale marine fisheries in the global context. - 4.1.3 Sustainable fisheries management: methods and instruments. - 4.1.3.1 Ecosystem approach and precautionary principle as the basis for sustainable fishing. - 4.1.3.2 Knowledge-based fisheries management. - 4.1.3.3 Instruments for the sustainable management of fish-stocks. - 4.1.3.4 Minimizing the ecological risks and side effects of fisheries. - 4.1.3.5 Monitoring and enforcement. - 4.1.3.6 Costs and financing the transition towards sustainable fisheries. - 4.1.4 International fisheries governance: institutions and focal points. - 4.1.4.1 Political objectives. - 4.1.4.2 The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. - 4.1.4.3 The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. - 4.1.4.4 Fisheries governance on the high seas: the UN Fish Stocks Agreement and regional fisheries management organizations. - 4.1.4.5 Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. - 4.1.4.6 The external dimension of the EU Common Fisheries Policy. - 4.1.4.7 Subsidies in the fishing industry. - 4.1.4.8 International trade and trade policy. - 4.2 Aquaculture. - 4.2.1 Definitions and principles. - 4.2.2 State of aquaculture and trends. - 4.2.2.1 Growth and regional overview. - 4.2.2.2 Contribution to food security and poverty reduction. - 4.2.2.3 Environmental risks from aquaculture and conflicts over use at the coasts. - 4.2.2.4 Promoting ecologically sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.3 Governance of aquaculture. - 4.2.3.1 Fundamental prerequisites for a sustainable form of aquaculture. - 4.2.3.2 Selected instruments for promoting sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.3.3 Research and development for sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.4 International and regional governance in aquaculture. - 4.2.4.1 International level. - 4.2.4.2 European Union. - 4.2.4.3 Regional seas agreements. - 4.3 Interactions between fisheries and aquaculture. - 4.3.1 Forage fisheries and breeding from wild-caught fish. - 4.3.2 Competition between uses. - 4.3.3 Reducing the proportion of fishmeal and fish oil used in aquaculture feeds. - 4.4 Systemic effects: land/sea interactions and feedbackloops with the Earth system. - 4.4.1 Climate change. - 4.4.2 Acidification. - 4.4.3 Low-oxygen zones and eutrophication. - 4.4.4 Anthropogenic pollution. - 4.4.5 Synergistic effects. - 4.5 Conclusions. - 5 Energy from the sea. - 5.1 Fossil energy carriers from the sea. - 5.1.1 Resource availability of fossil energy carriers. - 5.1.2 Technologies of offshore extraction. - 5.1.3 Environmental impact of fossil energy use. - 5.1.4 Infrastructure. - 5.1.4.1 Mineral oil. - 5.1.4.2 Natural gas. - 5.1.4.3 Carbon dioxide. - 5.1.5 Costs. - 5.1.6 Prospects of fossil-fuel extraction in the oceans. - 5.1.7 Conclusions. - 5.2 Renewable energy. - 5.2.1 Technological possibilities of offshore wind energy and marine energies. - 5.2.1.1 Development status of offshore wind energy. - 5.2.1.2 Development status of marine-energy technologies. - 5.2.2 Global potential of sea-based renewable power generation. - 5.2.2.1 Offshore wind energy. - 5.2.2.2 Marine energies. - 5.2.3 Environmental impact of marine renewable-energy generation. - 5.2.4 Infrastructure. - 5.2.4.1 Offshore logistics for renewable energy. - 5.2.4.2 Offshore storage technologies. - 5.2.5 Costs. - 5.2.5.1 Offshore wind energy. - 5.2.5.2 Marine energies. - 5.3 Vision of a future marine energy system. - 5.3.1 The status quo of marine energy generation. - 5.3.2 A future renewable marine energy system. - 5.3.3 Transformation of the marine energy system - from the status quo to the futureenergy system. - 5.4 Governance. - 5.4.1 Energy policy. - 5.4.2 Marine policy. - 5.4.2.1 Marine spatial planning. - 5.4.2.2 Construction of installations in the sea. - 5.4.2.3 Regulation of oil and gas production. - 5.4.2.4 Regulations on the storage of CO2 in the sea or the seabed. - 5.4.3 Promotion of innovation. - 5.4.3.1 Promotion of systemic innovation. - 5.4.3.2 Technology development. - 5.4.3.3 Innovation potential. - 5.4.3.4 Measures. - 5.5 Conclusions. - 6 Synthesis: The Blue Revolution. - 6.1 The oceans as the common heritage of mankind. - 6.2 Expansion into the oceans. - 6.3 A new initiative for the conservation and sustainable use of the seas. - 6.4 Elements of a new marine policy. - 7 Recommendations for Action. - 7.1 Guiding principles for future ocean governance. - 7.1.1 The oceans as the 'common heritage of mankind'. - 7.1.2 The systemic approach. - 7.1.3 The precautionary principle. - 7.1.4 Ten criteria for a future system of ocean governance. - 7.1.5 Implementation and enforcement. - 7.1.6 A social contract for the seas. - 7.2 The WBGU's vision of a comprehensive reform of the international law of the sea. - 7.2.1 The common heritage of mankind, the systemic approach and the precautionaryprinciple: three guiding principles for ocean management. - 7.2.2 Institutional changes. - 7.2.2.1 A global steward of the seas: the World Oceans Organization. - 7.2.2.2 Regional stewards of the seas: Regional Marine Management Organizations. - 7.2.2.3 Extend the jurisdiction of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. - 7.2.3 Rights and duties of states parties on the high seas and in EEZs. - 7.2.3.1 Conservation and sustainable use of the high seas. - 7.2.3.2 Conservation and sustainable use of the Exclusive Economic Zones. - 7.2.4 Instruments. - 7.3 Recommendations for action: the road to a comprehensivereform of the law of the sea. - 7.3.1 Strengthen the knowledge and action base of ocean governance. - 7.3.1.1 Improve marine environmental monitoring. - 7.3.1.2 Process scientific knowledge for policy-makers and support the Regular Process. - 7.3.1.3 Set up a multi-stakeholder forum. - 7.3.2 Create the necessary conditions for sustainable management. - 7.3.3 Develop strategies for future ocean governance. - 7.3.3.1 Develop the Oceans Compact into an Integrated World Oceans Strategy. - 7.3.3.2 Ratify regional, national and local marine strategies. - 7.3.3.3 Take on a pioneering role - forge subglobal alliances. - 7.3.4 Support and flesh out the international law of the sea. - 7.3.4.1 Promote the signing, ratification and implementation of UNCLOS. - 7.3.4.2 Reach a new implementing agreement on biological diversity on the high seas. - 7.3.4.3 Advance the UN Fish Stocks Agreement and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs). - 7.3.5 Strengthen regional ocean governance. - 7.3.5.1 Strengthen and expand the UNEP Regional Seas Programme. - 7.3.5.2 Strengthen regional seas agreements. - 7.3.5.3 Improve dovetailing in regional ocean governance. - 7.3.6 Develop concepts for the joint funding of ocean governance. - 7.3.6.1 Strengthen international financing mechanisms. - 7.3.6.2 Use the mechanisms of the Framework Convention on Climate Change for funding. - 7.3.6.3 Utilize user charges as a source of funding. - 7.3.7 Employ incentive instruments and funding structures. - 7.3.7.1 Create economic incentives for sustainable uses. - 7.3.7.2 Develop funding structures for long-term-oriented investments. - 7.3.8 Strengthen and expand private governance. - 7.3.8.1 Introduce a standardized Europe-wide system of certification for wild-caught fish and seafood. - 7.3.8.2 Improve legal certainty on the WTO-conformity of sustainability standards. - 7.3.9 Considerably expand marine protected areas and spatial planning. - 7.3.9.1 Expand marine protected areas. - 7.3.9.2 Expand cross-border marine spatial planning. - 7.3.10 Promote the harmonization of existing liability regimes. - 7.4 Food from the sea. - 7.4.1 Recommendations for action on marine fisheries. - 7.4.1.1 Overall recommendations for a change of course in fisheries. - 7.4.1.2 Improve the preconditions for knowledge-based fishery. - 7.4.1.3 Reduce subsidies. - 7.4.1.4 Stop wastefulness. - 7.4.1.5 Combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. - 7.4.1.6 Take into account climate change, ocean acidification and other systemic effects. - 7.4.1.7 Reform the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy. - 7.4.1.8 Marine small-scale fisheries in the global context. - 7.4.2 Recommendations for action on aquaculture. - 7.4.2.1 Improve knowledge and data resources. - 7.4.2.2 Promote the development of sustainable aquaculture systems. - 7.4.2.3 Implement international and EU-wide recommendations. - 7.4.2.4 Strengthen economic policy supporting sustainable aquaculture. - 7.4.2.5 Promote cooperation, prevent conflicts. - 7.4.3 Fishing and aquaculture as elements of integrated strategies for food security. - 7.5 Use of energy from the sea for the energy-system transformation. - 7.5.1 Integrated energy, marine and innovation policiesfor the energy-system transformation. - 7.5.1.1 Energy policy. - 7.5.1.2 Marine policy. - 7.5.1.3 Innovation policy. - 7.5.2 Build an offshore supergrid. - 7.5.3 Refrain from marine methane hydrate mining. - 7.5.4 Develop regulations for sub-seabed CCS. - 8 Recommendations for Research and Education. - 8.1 Research in the context of the transformation towards sustainability. - 8.1.1 Key types of research. - 8.1.2 Innovative approaches in German marine research. - 8.2 Transformation research for the oceans. - 8.2.1 Conceptual background. - 8.2.2 Research recommendations. - 8.3 Transformative research for the seas. - 8.3.1 Research on global change. - 8.3.2 Ocean governance. - 8.3.2.1 Ocean governance for the transformation towards sustainability. - 8.3.2.2 Policy instruments for new challenges. - 8.3.3 Food from the sea. - 8.3.3.1 Fisheries. - 8.3.3.2 Aquaculture. - 8.3.3.3 Overarching issues. - 8.3.4 Energy from the sea. - 8.3.4.1 Technology research. - 8.3.4.2 Research on environmental hazards and risks. - 8.4 Recommendations on research policy. - 8.4.1 Stronger integration of interdisciplinary marine research into research programmes. - 8.4.2 Stronger institutionalization of interdisciplinary marine research. - 8.4.3 Strengthening of the interface between science and society in marine research. - 9 References. - 10 Glossary.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The rheological approach including the differentiation between various chemical properties gives a fascinating insight into the soil processes and properties. On such a basis also the following up processes of the aggregate level can be better understood and it certainly also helps to link results with a more complete concept. The basis for mechanical processes is still the effective stress equation which in itself can be subdivided in the various scale effects. Finally both a more complete picture of the strengthening but also of the degradation processes can be derived and countermeasures can be developed. These counter­measures also include natural soil regeneration or amelioration approaches based on the quantified internal soil strength and the information about the actual mechanical sensitivity of the soil being threatened by soil compaction and deformation.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Strategie und Aktion für nachhaltige Entwicklung: eine globale Studie zu Best Practices ; Globale Trends nachhaltiger Entwicklung: Ergebnisse aus der weltweiten Vorstudie zum Reinhard Mohn Preis 2013 ; Strategische Nachhaltigkeitspolitik: Herausforderungen und Chancen für Deutschland ; Fallstudien: Bhutan: Ein Leitbild der Nachhaltigkeitspolitik ; Costa Rica: Ein Pionier für nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Finnland: Auf dem Weg zu einem Gesellschaftsvertrag für eine nachhaltige Zukunft ; Ghana: Kurs halten in einem schwierigen Umfeld ; Tasmanien: Die Vision einer nachhaltigen Insel ; Faktoren einer strategischen und erfolgreichen Nachhaltigkeitspolitik: Was kann Deutschland aus der Länderstudie des RMP 2013 lernen? ; Das Kriterienraster

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Introduction ; Principle one: Water is a human right ; Principle two: Water is a common heritage ; Principle three: Water has rights too ; Principle four: Water can teach us how to live together

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Preface: Why Water Ethics? -- Introduction to Water Ethics -- Manipulating Rivers -- Water for Agriculture : The Ethics of Irrigation -- Ethics in Urban and Domestic Water Use -- Water for Industry : What is Responsible Use? -- The Ethics of Water Governance -- Indigenous Water Ethics -- Towards a New Water Ethic -- Conclusions

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Introduction ; Part I: Future Issues of Asia ; Chapter 1: Agriculture, structural change and socially responsible development in China and Vietnam ; Chapter 2: Population, poverty and responsible social protection issues of Asia ; Chapter 3: Resource constraints and Asia's growth: regional cooperation for enhancing energy security ; Part II: Responsible Policy Matters ; Chapter 4: Taxing for the future: an intergenerational perspective ; Chapter 5: Indian agriculture in the era of global warming ; Chapter 6: China's changing public health paradox and the new generation of health NGOs ; Chapter 7: Towards universal sanitation: the Cambodian case ; Chapter 8: Decentralization and poverty reduction in Indonesia: the case of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) ; Chapter 9: Migration of Bangladeshi workers to Malaysia: emerging lessons of economic and social costs and benefits at the migrant, migrant household and community levels ; Part III: Realizing the Asian Century: The Challenges ; Chapter 10: Sustainable resource development in Asia: challenges and opportunities ; Chapter 11: Business's challenge: relating corporate sustainability, strategy and leadership ; Chapter 12: The Asian century is the Chinese century and the century of turbulence

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1 Wie Kulturpflanzen Menschheitsgeschichte schrieben ; 2 Einige biologische Grundlagen ; 3 Jäger und Sammler ; 4 Die ersten Ackerbauern ; 5 Entstehung von Kulturpflanzen und Landwirtschaft an anderen Orten der Welt ; 6 Landwirtschaft an den großen Strömen des Orients ; 7 Früher Ackerbau am Mittelmeer8 Früher Ackerbau in Südost- und Mitteleuropa ; 9 Neue Kulturpflanzen und Ausweitung des Siedellandes in Europa ; 10 Zivilisationen und Barbaren: Zwei Landnutzungssysteme stoßen aufeinander ; 11 Ein neues Landnutzungssystem im Mittelalter ; 12 Sonderformen des mittelalterlichen Kulturpflanzenanbaus ; 13 Globalisierung der Kulturpflanzen ; 14 Die Vielfalt an Gemüse, Salat und Obst ; 15 Reform der Landnutzung und Aufschwung des Welthandels ; 16 Die moderne Landwirtschaft und der kritische Verbraucher ; 17 Der Regenwald und der Supermarkt

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Anmerkungen zur Thüringer Sintflut von 1613 ; Die Thüringer Sintflut vom 29. Mai 1613. Eine bisher unbekannte Quelle aus dem Sächsischen Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden ; Die Auswirkungen der Thüringischen Sintflut auf die Bevölkerung nördlich des Ettersberges ; Hochwasser im Fluss der Zeit - archivalische Quellen der Frühen Neuzeit aus dem Thüringschen Hauptstaatarchiv Weimar ; Neues zur Magdalenenflut vom Juli 1342 ; Spuren in der Landschaft: Extreme Witterungsereignisse während des Spätmittelalters und ihre Folgen ; Die Hochwassernachrichtenzentrale Thüringen (HNZ) ; Bestimmung des konvektiven Unwetterpotentials über Thüringen ; Gewitterzellenvorhersage mit CellMOS ; Sturzflutfrühwarnung - das Projekt STUWASYS ; Bewusstseinsbildung zum Hochwasserrisikomanagement durch serious gaming

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Visualization and analysis tools, techniques, and algorithms have undergone a rapid evolution in recent decades to accommodate explosive growth in data size and complexity and to exploit emerging multi- and many-core computational platforms. High Performance Visualization: Enabling Extreme-Scale Scientific Insight focuses on the subset of scientific visualization concerned with algorithm design, implementation, and optimization for use on todays largest computational platforms.The book collects some of the most seminal work in the field, including algorithms and implementations running at the highest levels of concurrency and used by scientific researchers worldwide. After introducing the fundamental concepts of parallel visualization, the book explores approaches to accelerate visualization and analysis operations on high performance computing platforms. Looking to the future and anticipating changes to computational platforms in the transition from the petascale to exascale regime, it presents the main research challenges and describes several contemporary, high performance visualization implementations.Reflecting major concepts in high performance visualization, this book unifies a large and diverse body of computer science research, development, and practical applications. It describes the state of the art at the intersection of scientific visualization, large data, and high performance computing trends, giving readers the foundation to apply the concepts and carry out future research in this area.