ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Completions are the conduit between hydrocarbon reservoirs and surface facilities. They are a fundamental part of any hydrocarbon field development project. The have to be designed for safely maximising the hydrocarbon recovery from the well and may have to last for many years under ever changing conditions. The issues include: connection with the reservoir rock, avoiding sand production, selecting the correct interval, pumps and other forms of artificial lift, safety and integrity, equipment selection and installation and future well interventions; and course book based on course well completion design by TRACS International. The book is unique in its field: coverage of offshore, subsea, and landbased completions in all of the major hydrocarbon basins of the world. It comes in full colour features.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Paralysis ; 2 Darwin's Wedge ; 3 No Cash on the Table ; 4 Starve the Beast - But Which One? ; 5 Putting the Positional Consumption Beast on a Diet ; 6 Perpetrators and Victims ; 7 Efficiency Rules ; 8 "It's Your Money..." ; 9 Success and Luck ; 10 The Great Trade-Off? ; 11 Taxing Harmful Activities ; 12 The Libertarian's Objections Reconsidered

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: From Richardson to early numerical weather prediction. - The evolution and future research goals for general circulation models. - Beyond prediction to climate modeling and climate control: new perspectives from the papers of Harry Wexler, 1945 - 1962. - Synergies between numerical weather prediction and general circulation climate models. - Contributions of observational studies to the evaluation and diagnosis of atmospheric GCM simulations. - Coupling atmospheric general circulation to oceans. - Coupling atmospheric circulation models to bio-physical, bio-chemical, and biological processes at the land surface. - The evolution of complexity in general circulation models. - 10. The co-evolution of climate models and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Description / Table of Contents: Presenting a comprehensive discussion of general circulation models of the atmosphere, this book covers their historical and contemporary development, their societal context, and current efforts to integrate these models into wider earth-system models. Leading researchers provide unique perspectives on the scientific breakthroughs, overarching themes, critical applications, and future prospects for atmospheric general circulation models. Key interdisciplinary links to other subject areas such as chemistry, oceanography and ecology are also highlighted. This book is a core reference for academic researchers and professionals involved in atmospheric physics, meteorology and climate science, and can be used as a resource for graduate-level courses in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction. Given the critical role that atmospheric general circulation models are playing in the intense public discourse on climate change, it is also a valuable resource for policy makers and all those concerned with the scientific basis for the ongoing public-policy debate" The aim of this volume is to describe the development of atmospheric general circulation models. We are motivated to do so by the central and essential role of these models in understanding, simulating, and predicting the atmosphere on a wide range of time scales. While atmospheric general circulation models are an important basis for many societal decisions, from responses to changing weather to deliberations on responding to anthropogenic climate change, the scientific basis for these models, and how they have come about and continue to develop, are not widely known. Our objective in editing this volume is to provide a perspective on these matters."

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: I Studying the Knowledge Commons ; 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Knowledge Commons ; 2 The Growth of the Commons Paradigm ; 3 A Framework for Analyzing the Knowledge Common ; II Protecting the Knowledge Commons ; 4 Countering Enclosure: Reclaiming the Knowledge Commons ; 5 Mertonianism Unbound?: Imagining Free, Decentralized Access to Most Cultural and Scientific Material ; 6 Preserving the Knowledge Commons ; III Building New Knowledge Commons ; 7 Creating an Intellectual Commons through Open Access ; 8 How to Build a Commons: Is Intellectual Property Constrictive, Facilitating, or Irrelevant? ; 9 Collective Action, Civic Engagement, and the Knowledge Commons ; 10 Free/Open-Source Software as a Framework for Establishing Commons in Science ; 11 Scholarly Communication and Libraries Unbound: The Opportunity of the Commons ; 12 EconPort: Creating and Maintaining a Knowledge Commons

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: I Convex Analysis ; 1 Linear Spaces ; 2 Maps on Linear Spaces ; 3 Some Fundamental Theorems ; II Theory of Vector Optimization ; 4 Optimality Notions ; 5 Scalarization ; 6 Existence Theorems ; 7 Generalized Lagrange Multiplier Rule ; 8 Duality ; III Mathematical Applications ; 9 Vector Approximation ; 10 Cooperative n Player Differential Games ; IV Engineering Applications ; 11 Theoretical Basics of Multiobjective Optimization ; 12 Numerical Methods ; 13 Multiobjective Design Problems ; V Extensions to Set Optimization ; 14 Basic Concepts and Results of Set Optimization ; 15 Contingent Epiderivatives ; 16 Subdifferential ; 17 Optimality Conditions

Description / Table of Contents: Professor Richard (Rick) Sibson revolutionized structural geology by illustrating that fault rocks contain an integrated record of earthquakes. Fault-rock textures develop in response to geological and physical variables such as composition, environmental conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure), fluid presence and strain rate. These parameters also determine the rate- and state-variable frictional stability of a fault, the dominant mineral deformation mechanism and shear strength, and ultimately control the partitioning between seismic and aseismic deformation. This volume contains a collection of papers that address the geological record of earthquake faulting from field-based or theoretical perspectives. The papers cover observations in active fault zones, the relationships between fault rocks and fault-slip styles, interpretation of fault-rock textures from the base of the seismogenic zone, consideration of the effects of fluids on faulting, discussion of fault reactivation v. initiation, and a review of future directions in geological earthquake research by Professor Sibson.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; 1 Let Them Eat Credit ; Exporting to Grow ; 3 Flighty Foreign Financing ; A Weak Safety Net ; 5 From Bubble to Bubble ; 6 When Money Is the Measure of All Worth ; 7 Betting the Bank ; 8 Reforming Finance ; 9 Improving Access to Opportunity in America ; 10 The Fable of the Bees Replayed ; Epilogue

Description / Table of Contents: Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology I: Metagenomics and Complementary Approaches is the first comprehensive reference covering the various metagenomics in a large variety of habitats, which could not previously have been analysed without metagenomic methodology. This Volume includes topics such as species designations in microbiology, metagenomics, consortia and databases, bioinformatics, microarrays, and other metagenomics applications. This reference is ideal for researchers in metagenomics, microbiology, environmental microbiology, those working on the Human Microbiome Project, microbial geneticists, molecular microbiology, and bioinformatics

Description / Table of Contents: "Metagenomics has revolutionized microbiology and many associated health and environmental fields. This is the first comprehensive treatise covering the various omics in a large variety of habitats, which could not previously have been analysed without metagenomic methodology. This is a reference work for people in the field and those who would like to enter it"--

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Key decisions for resource management: principles and practise -- Governance and oil revenues in Cameroon -- Missed opportunities : copper extraction in Zambia -- Oil and plunder in Nigeria -- Learning from failure : copper in Chile -- Oil in Iran : dependence, distortions and distribution -- The contest for control : oil and gas management in Russia -- Public prudence and private profligacy : Kazakhstan 2000-2008 -- The developmental state : Malaysia

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: The rise of a new system -- A brief history of capitalism -- State capitalism: what it is and how it happened -- State capitalism around the world -- The challenge -- Meeting the challenge.

Description / Table of Contents: Focuses on the sedimentary processes operating within the various modern and ancient deep-sea environments. The individual chapters track the way of sedimentary particles from continental erosion or production in the marine realm, to transport into the deep sea, to final deposition on the sea floor. The sedimentary processes cover several types of sediment gravity flow and contour currents, pelagic settling and hemipelagic advection, planktic and benthic bioproductivity, and volcanoclastic sedimentation. In addition, the relationships between depositional environment and endobenthic organisms, as well as early diagenetic processes at and within the deep-sea floor are dealt with. Facies models of the wide range of depositional products hold the key for a process-related interpretation of ancient deposits.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Globaler Wandel und seine Folgen im Elbeeinzugsgebiet ; 2 Von der Gegenwart in die Szenarienzukunft ; 3 Nautr- und Sozialraum ; 4 Simulationsergebnisse

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Overview ; Part A Industrial energy efficiency for sustainable wealth creation: capturing environmental, economic and social dividends ; Section 1 Setting the scene ; Chapter 1 Trends in industrial energy efficiency ; Chapter 2 Technological and structural change for industrial energy efficiency ; Section 2 The basis for sustainable wealth creation ; Chapter 3 The environmental dividend from industrial energy efficiency ; Chapter 4 The economic and social dividends from industrial energy efficiency ; Section 3 Challenges and opportunities in sustainable industrialization ; Chapter 5 Barriers to industrial energy efficiency ; Chapter 6 Overcoming barriers to industrial energy efficiency through regulation and other government policies ; Chapter 7 International collective action for industrial energy efficiency ; Part B Trends in manufacturing and manufactured exports, and benchmarking industrial performance ; Chapter 8 Trends in manufacturing - before and after the global financial and economic crisis ; Chapter 9 Manufactured exports trade ; Chapter 10 Benchmarking industrial performance ; Annexes

Description / Table of Contents: Popularly known as "the Llama", Learning Perl is the book most programmers rely on to get started with this versatile language. The bestselling Perl tutorial since it was first published in 1993, this sixth edition includes recent changes to the language up to Perl 5.14. Reflecting years of classroom testing and experience, this edition is packed with exercises that let you practice the concepts while you follow the text.If you're just getting started with Perl, this is the book you want - whether you're a programmer, system administrator, or web hacker. Nicknamed "the Llama" by two generations of users, this bestseller closely follows the popular introductory Perl course taught by the authors since 1991. This 6th edition covers recent changes to the language up to version 5.14.Perl is suitable for almost any task on almost any platform, from short fixes to complete web applications. Learning Perl teaches you the basics and shows you how to write programs up to 128 lines long - roughly the size of 90% of the Perl programs in use today. Each chapter includes exercises to help you practice what you've just learned. Other books may teach you to program in Perl, but this book will turn you into a Perl programmer.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Executive summary ; 1. The resource-intensive growth model of the past ; 2. The looming resource challenge ; 3. The supply challenge ; 4. The productivity challenge ; 5. The climate and energy access challenges ; 6. Overcoming barriers to meeting resource demand ; 7. The private-sector opportunity ; Appendix: Methodology

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; 1 Energy efficiency opportunities and the will to implement ; 2 South Africa's energy efficiency policy ; 3 Contextualizing the energy efficiency challenge to industry ; 4 Energy efficiency as a strategic imperative ; 5 Case studies of four firms ; Conclusion

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface ; Chapter 1: Agro-ecological distribution of legumes in farming systems and identification of biophysical niches for legumes growth ; Chapter 2: Socio- economic contribution of Legumes to Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa ; Chapter 3: Inter And Intra-Specific Variation Of Legumes And Mechanisms To Access And Adapt To Less Available Soil Phosphorus And Rock Phosphate ; Chapter 4: Legume based cropping systems and soil biodiversity dynamics ; Chapter 5: Strategies to adapt, disseminate and scale out legume based technologies ; Chapter 6: Comparative Analysis of the Current and Potential Role of Legumes in Integrated Soil Fertility Management in West and Central Africa ; Chapter 7: Comparative Analysis of the Current and Potential Role of Legumes in Integrated Soil Fertility Management in East Africa ; Chapter 8: Comparative Analysis of the Current and Potential Role of Legumes in Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Southern Africa ; Chapter 9: Options for improving plant nutrition to increase common bean productivity in Africa ; Conclusion and the way forward

Description / Table of Contents: 2020 soll der Anteil der Erneuerbaren in Deutschland 18 % betragen, 2050 könnte er schon bei 100 % liegen. Dies ist nicht nur ein Quantitätszuwachs, sondern bedeutet einen vollständigen Umbau - eine Transformation - des gegenwärtigen Energiesystems in technischer, wirtschaftlicher, rechtlicher und sozialer Hinsicht. Ziel der Transformation ist eine nachhaltige Energieversorgung.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Retrospective: what we knew and when we knew it ; 2. Earth's energy budget ; 3. Climate change so far ; 4. Snow and ice ; 5. How the oceans are changing ; 6. The past is the key to the future ; 7. What the future holds ; 8. Impacts of climate change ; 9. Avoiding climate change ; 10. Climate policy

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Executive Summary ; Part 1 Introduction ; 1.0 Defining the challenge: threats to effective climate governance ; 1.1 Mapping the climate change and governance challenge: the big picture ; Part 2 The climate policy framework: examining the effectiveness and accountability of current processes ; 2.0 The climate policy framework: examining the effectiveness and accountability of current processes ; 2.1 From global power politics to responsible collective governance: the transparency and inclusiveness of international climate governance institutions and processes ; 2.2 Essential building blocs for Kyoto and beyond: agreeing on climate commitments at national and regional level ; 2.3 Urban governance and climate change policy ; 2.4 The matrix of interests and influence in key emerging climate countries ; 2.5 Climate policies in Austria: poor accountability breeds slow progress ; Part 3 Key elements to building integrity in decision-making ; 3.0 Key elements to building integrity in decision-making ; 3.1 Climate science: the world is its jury ; 3.2 Making climate governance accountable: reflections on what can be learned from international environmental governance ; 3.3 The Aarhus Convention: a blueprint for inclusive and accountable climate governance? ; 3.4 Civil society and the climate change process: how does participation compare as a measure of transparency? ; 3.5 Holding commitment to account: the governance dimension in climate change indices ; 3 6 Personal view: a fresh approach to climate politics? ; Part 4 Ensuring integrity and transparency in climate change mitigation ; 4.0 Ensuring integrity and transparency in climate change mitigation ; 4.1 Greenhouse gas accounting: a foundation for sound climate governance ; 4.2 Measuring, reporting and verification of NAMAs and their support: considering capacity, corruption and commitments ; 4.3 The trade-offs of trade: realities and risks of carbon markets ; 4.4 Climate change, corporate change: shifting business models towards the climate agenda ; 4.5 Policy engagement: a missing link in corporate climate reporting ; 4.6 Enabling green choices: ensuring consumers receive accurate, actionable information on the climate impacts of their consumption choices ; 4.7 Could corruption pose a barrier to the roll-out of renewable energy in North Africa? ; 4.8 Preventing a resource curse fuelled by the green economy ; 4.9 Engineering the Earth: considering accountability and the last resort ; Part 5 Adaptation to climate change: building accountable sustainable resilience ; 5.0 Adaptation to climate change: building accountable sustainable resilience ; 5.1 Show me the money: ensuring equity, transparency and accountability in adaptation finance ; 5.2 Promoting an effective and transparent use of funds through the Adaptation Fund ; 5.3 Climate-proofing development: corruption risks in adaptation infrastructure ; 5.4 Disrupting lives: climate migration and corruption ; 5.5 When disaster strikes: corruption and rapid response in climate-related relief and recovery ; Part 6 ; 6.0 Forestry governance: a key issue for climate change ; 6.1 Corruption: a root cause of deforestation and forest degradation ; 6.2 Governance in the world's tropical forests: where will REDD+ land? ; 6.3 Governance risks for REDD+: how weak forest carbon accounting can create opportunities for corruption and fraud

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 Global analysis of intermediate and final goods trade ; 3 Country analysis of intermediate and final goods trade: growing importance of developing countries ; 4 Industry analysis of intermediate and final goods trade ; 5 Comparing global value chain development in three industries ; 6 Conclusions and future research directions

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Unequal People: Inequality Among Individuals Within a Nation ; Romance and Riches ; Anna Vronskaya? ; Who Was the Richest Person Ever? ; How Unequal Was the Roman Empire? ; Was Socialism Egalitarian? ; In What Parisian Arrondissement Should You Live in the Thirteenth Century and Today? ; Who Gains from Fiscal Redistribution? ; Can Several Countries Exist in One? ; Will China Survive in 2048? ; Two Students of Inequality: Vilfredo Pareto and Simon Kuznets ; Unequal Nations: Inequality Among Countries in the World ; Why Was Marx Led Astray? ; How Unequal Is Today's World? ; How Much of Your Income Is Determined at Birth? ; Should the Whole World Be Composed of Gated communities? ; Who Are the Harrage? ; The Three Generations of Obamas ; Did the World Become More Unequal During Deglobalization? ; Unequal World: Inequality Among Citizens in the World ; Where in the Global Income Distribution Are You? ; Does the World Have a Middle Class? ; How Different Are the United States and the European Union? ; Why Are Asia and Latin America Mirror Images of Each Other? ; Do You Want to Know the Winner Before the Game Begins? ; Income Inequality and the Global Financial Crisis ; Did Colonizers Exploit as Much as They Could? ; Why Was Rawls Indifferent to Global Inequality? ; Geopolitics in Light of (or Enlightened by) Economics

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction 1. Problematizing Labour 2. Problematizing Information 3. Labour Productivity 4. From Machines to the Universal Machine 5. Information and Communication 6. Political economy: Value and Labour 7. The Probabilistic Approach to the Law of Value 8. Value in a Capitalist Economy 9. Farjoun and Machover's theory of price 10. A probabilistic model of the social relations of capitalism 11. Money and the form of value 12. Credit and Capital 13. Understanding profit 14. Hayek on Information and Knowledge 15. The Big Picture, economic trajectories in Britain and China ; Appendix A: Proofs ; Appendix B: Experimental details ; Appendix C: Commodity Amplitude Space ; Appendix D: A simple planning program ; Appendix E: Profits in the SA model

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Prologue ; Introduction to the character of this report and main messages ; Part I: Summary and Recommendations ; 1 Summary: Rethinking sustainability governance ; 2. Recommendations ; Part II: Transgovernance - the Quest for Governance of Sustainable Development ; 3. Introduction to the building blocks of transgovernance ; 4. Diversity breeds diversity (Diversity controls diversity) ; 5. Roadmaps, labyrinths or recommendations?

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Motivation and Organization of the Book ; 2 A Tale of Five Challenges ; 3 Technologies for Mitigating Climate Change ; 4 Technologies for Geo-Engineering and Adaptation ; 5 Barriers to Effective Climate and Energy Policies ; 6 Overcoming Barriers to Effective Climate and Energy Policies ; 7 The Case for Polycentric Implementation ; 8 Case Studies ; 9 Conclusions

Description / Table of Contents: Executive Summary and Recommendations. - Technical and Normative Foundations. - Annex and Apparatus

Description / Table of Contents: "An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics provides an introduction to the theory and practice of applied geophysics. The book covers a range of applications including mineral and hydrocarbon exploration but the greatest emphasis is on the use of geophysics in civil engineering, and in environmental and groundwater investigations. Since the publication of the 1st edition of An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics the field of applied and environmental geophysics has grown with significant developments in the subject. The new edition will build on the success of the 1st edition and will include the following key developments: Greater discussion of survey design and standards in geophysical investigations Inclusion of more marine geophysical and geotechical case histories e.g. cable/pip laying Inclusion of examples of integrated case histories Inclusion of new sections dealing with thermal imaging of landfills and radioactivity investigations More information of physio-chemical properties of geological, engineering and environmental materials Greater discussion of borehole techniques especially topography"--

Description / Table of Contents: "Physical Properties of Rocks - a Workbook" is a symbiosis of a brief description of physical fundamentals of rock properties (based on typical experimental results and relevant theories and models) with a guide for practical use of different theoretical concepts. For this purpose a companion web site contains a selection of model based equations in excel worksheets for practical application and training by the user to work with his own data or to "play" in order to demonstrate the effects of various input information and to demonstrate the effects of various input information in petrophysical work. In two special chapters the problem of relationships between petrophysical parameters based on various model concepts is presented as a foundation for combined interpretation. This part also contains the author's 'structured model'. The workbook is a result of the more than 40 years experience of the author in teaching at universities and industrial courses. It presents all practical relevant properties of rock in one volume. It offers experimental and theoretical fundamentals in a systematic framework. It gives special focus on relationships between properties. - Contents: 1. Rocks - their classification and composition Overview, Introduction Igneous (magmatic) rocks Metamorphic rocks Sedimentary rocks 2. Pore space properties Overview, Introduction Porosity Specific internal surface Fluids in the pore space - the term "saturation" Permeability Wettability Fluid distribution - capillary pressure in a reservoir 3. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) petrophysical properties Physical origin, the principle of a NMR-measurement Description of the relaxation process (longitudinal and transverse relaxation) NMR Relaxation mechanisms of fluids in pores and fluid-surface effects Bulk relaxation and surface relaxation Diffusion-induced relaxation Description of relaxation as a multi-exponential decay - data inversion Applications Porosity and pore volume partitioning Pore size, capillary pressure and permeability estimate Fluid (hydrocarbon) typing 4 Density Definition and units Density of rock constituents Density of rocks 5 .Nuclear/Radioactive Properties Fundamentals Natural radioactivity Origin of natural gamma radiation Potassium, Uranium, and Thorium in minerals Potassium, uranium, and thorium content of rocks Spectral and integral measurements - the API unit Applications Radioactive heat generation Gamma Interactions Fundamentals Gamma-Gamma-PE measurement for mineral identification Gamma-Gamma-Density measurement and porosity estimate Neutron interactions Fundamentals Porosity from neutron measurements 6. Elastic Properties Fundamentals Results of experimental investigations, empirical equations Rock constituents Velocity of igneous and metamorphic rocks Velocity of sedimentary rocks Relationships between Vp and Vs - the Castagna equation AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) - basic principles and link to physical properties Anisotropy Theories Overview Bounds for elastic moduli: Voigt, Reuss and Hashin-Shtrikman bounds Sphere pack models nclusion models A simpified model for fractured rocks Gassman and Biot model - modelling of fluid effects The problem of multiphase pore fluids Inelastic properties - attenuation of elastic waves Overview, definition and units Absorption of elastic waves in rocks - overview Absorption of seismic waves in igneous rocks Absorption of seismic waves in sedimentary rocks Absorption mechanisms . 7 . Electrical properties Fundamentals Electrical properties of rock components Minerals - solid components Pore fluids Specific electrical resistivity of Rocks Overview The specific electrical resistivity of porous clean rocks - Archies equations Partial water saturation Archie - rocks: Theories and models Sheet models Inclusion models Capillary models Shaly sands Introduction - The Shaly Sand Problem Laminated Shaly Sands - the Poupon Equation Dispersed Shaly Sand - the Waxman-Smits Equation Dual Water Model Simandoux Equation (1963) Indonesia Equation Comparison of some shaly sand equations Dielectric properties of rocks Conduction and Polarization - the complex nature of the two processes Experimental results - the real component of permittivity Theories and models Spectral Induced Polarization Basic mechanisms Traditional parameters of IP measurements IP in ore containing rocks IP in porous rocks 8. Thermal Properties Thermal properties of minerals and pore contents Thermal properties of rocks - experimental data Overview Thermal properties of magmatic and metamorphic rocks Sedimentary rocks Some notes about thermal expansion Theories and models Sheet models - series and parallel model Sheet models - modifications and comparable mixing rules Inclusion models 9. Magnetic properties Basics and units Magnetic properties of rock constituents Magnetic properties of rocks Overview - Rock Magnetization Susceptibility range for rock types - induced magnetization Correlations between susceptibility and content of magnetic substances Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) 10. Geomechanical properties Overview, Introduction Classification parameters Fundamental geomechanical properties and processes Correlation between static and dynamic moduli Correlation between geophysical properties and strength properties 11. Relationships between petrophysical properties - fundamentals of combined interpretation Introduction and motivation Empirical equations Relationships based on sheet models Fundamentals of combined interpretation volume based models Determination of volumetric rock composition (mineral fractions, porosity) of porous rocks - 12. Model with internal structure and bonding properties The concept of a "structured model" Porosity Electrical properties - resistivity Elastic wave velocities General equation Discussion of the "porosity-factor" Discussion of the "contact elasticity-factor" Change of structure and bonding Strength properties - a relationship between velocity and strength

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: art I - Introduction:Policy Design and the Modern State 1. Understanding Contemporary Policy Mixes Part II - Systematically Studying Policy Design 2. Key Definitions and Concepts in the Study of Policy Design 3. Policy Design as Policy Formulation 4. Policy Design and Implementation Tool Choices Part III - The Elements of Policy Design 5. Organizational Implementation Tools 6. Authoritative Implementation tools 7. Financial Implementation Tools 8. Information-Based Implementation Tools Part IV - Policy Designs and Governance Modes Re-Visited 9. Contemporary Policy Designs 10. Conclusion: Towards a New Generation of Policy Design Studies

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Modern processors ; 2 Basic optimization techniques for serial code ; 3 Data access optimization ; 4 Parallel computers ; 5 Basics of parallelization ; 6 Shared-memory parallel programming with OpenMP ; 7 Efficient OpenMP programming ; 8 Locality optimizations on ccNUMA architectures ; 9 Distributed-memory parallel programming with MPI ; 10 Efficient MPI programming ; 11 Hybrid parallelization with MPI and OpenMP ; A Topology and affinity in multicore environments ; B Solutions to the problems

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Elements of Rock Mechanics Fundamentals. Basics Notions. Geomechanical Characterisation of Rocks in the Laboratory. Modelling Rock Behaviour. Determination of in situ stresses. Geomechanical Modelling Elements. 2. Geomechanics, drilling and Production. Drilling Performance. Borehole Stability during Drilling. Sand Production. Well Stimulation by Hydraulic Fracturing. Induced Thermal Fracturing. 3. Geomechanics and Reservoir. Modelling the Geomechanical and Reservoir coupling. Environmental Aspects. Geomechanical Monitoring of Reservoirs.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; Part 1: The Effects of Taxation ; 1 Distortions and Welfare Losses ; 2 Tax Incidence ; Part 2: Optimal Taxation ; 3 Indirect Taxation ; 4 Direct Taxation ; 5 Mixed Taxation ; 6 Risk and Time ; 7 Corrective Taxes ; 8 Criticisms of Optimal Taxation ; Part 3: Some Current Debates ; 9 Low-Income Support ; 10 Taxation and Global Warming ; Part 4: AppendixesSupport ; The Consumption Tax ; Environmental Taxation ; App. A: Some Basic Microeconomics ; App. B: Optimal Control

Description / Table of Contents: Cet ouvrage présente les avancées récentes dans la connaissance de la mobilité des surfaces terrestres : nouvelles méthodes, reconstitution des paléoenvironnements, fonctionnement et modélisation des dynamiques. Les dynamiques actuelles qui façonnent la surface terrestre sont dépendantes des climats et du changement global qui est en train de les modifier. Il ne doit pas pour autant faire négliger l’importance considérable des paléodynamiques. Les modèles de fonctionnement actuels sont souvent pris en défaut s’ils ne prennent pas suffisamment en considération ce temps long.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction. ; 1 Telling Stories with Data. ; 2 Handling Data. ; 3 Choosing Tools to Visualize Data. ; 4 Visualizing Patterns over Time. ; 5 Visualizing Proportions. ; 6 Visualizing Relationships. ; 7 Spotting Differences. ; 8 Visualizing Spatial Relationships. ; 9 Designing with a Purpose.

Description / Table of Contents: Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Third Edition, offers a thorough grounding in machine learning concepts as well as practical advice on applying machine learning tools and techniques in real-world data mining situations. This highly anticipated third edition of the most acclaimed work on data mining and machine learning will teach you everything you need to know about preparing inputs, interpreting outputs, evaluating results, and the algorithmic methods at the heart of successful data mining. Thorough updates reflect the technical changes and modernizations that have taken place in the field since the last edition, including new material on Data Transformations, Ensemble Learning, Massive Data Sets, Multi-instance Learning, plus a new version of the popular Weka machine learning software developed by the authors. Witten, Frank, and Hall include both tried-and-true techniques of today as well as methods at the leading edge of contemporary research. The book is targeted at information systems practitioners, programmers, consultants, developers, information technology managers, specification writers, data analysts, data modelers, database R&D professionals, data warehouse engineers, data mining professionals. The book will also be useful for professors and students of upper-level undergraduate and graduate-level data mining and machine learning courses who want to incorporate data mining as part of their data management knowledge base and expertise.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part One: Dam Engineering ; 1. Elements of Dam Engineering ; 2. Embankment Dam Engineering ; 3. Concrete Dam Engineering ; 4. Dam Outlet Works ; 5. Energy Dissipation ; 6. Gates and Valves ; 7. Dam Safety ; Part Two: Other Hydraulic Structures ; 8. River Engineering ; 9. Diversion Works ; 10. Cross-Drainage and Drop Structures ; 11. Inland Waterways ; 12. Hydroelectric Power Development ; 13. Pumping Stations ; 14. Waves and Offshore Engineering ; 15. Coastal Engineering ; 16. Models in Hydraulic Engineering

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I - Introduction to public policy analysis ; 1. Preview: The Canadian Salmon fishery ; 2. What is policy analysis? ; 3. Towards professional ethics ; Part II - Conceptual foundations for problem analysis ; 4. Efficiency and the idealized competitive model ; 5. Rationales for public policy: market failures; 6. Rationales for public policy: other limitations of the competitive framework ; 7. Rationales for public policy: distributional and other goals ; 8. Limits to public intervention: government failures ; 9. Policy problems as market and government failure: the madison taxicab policy analysis example ; Part III - Conceptual foundations for solution analysis ; 10. Correcting market and government failures: generic policies ; 11. Adoption ; 12. Implementation ; 13. Government supply: drawing organizational boundaries ; Part IV - Doing policy analysis ; 14. Gathering information for policy analysis ; 15. Landing on your feet: organizing your policy analysis ; 16. Cost-benefit analysis: assessing efficiency ; 17. When statistics count: revising the lead standard for gasoline ; Part V - Conclusion ; 18. Doing well and doing good

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction: the individual in economics; Part I. Atomism Revised: 2. Psychology's challenge to economics: rationality and the individual; 3. Multiple selves and self-control: contextualizing individuality; 4. Social identity and social preferences in the utility function; Part II. Interaction: 5. The individual in game theory: from fixed points to experiments; 6. Multiple selves in interaction: teams and neuroscience; 7. Evolutionary conceptions of the individual: identity through change; Part III. Socially Embedded Individuals: 8. Evolution and capabilities: human heterogeneity; 9. The identity of individuals and the economics of identity; 10. Economic policy, democracy, and justice.

Description / Table of Contents: The associated Legendre functions were historically calculated as closed power series. With the growing need for higher degrees and associated orders recursive algorithms have been developed, highly efficient for numerical processing. As ground-based gravity measurements are available that can be combined with existing and upcoming datasets of satellite systems ultrahigh degree spherical harmonic representation and transformation of the fields becomes a necessity. Moreover, for applications in spectral domain it is in general desirable to process the associated Legendre function directly, without a recursive antecessor that predefines the order of the sequence. The closed power series mentioned can not serve beyond certain degrees due to alternating signs with extraordinarily large rational numbers, leading to a considerable loss in numerical precision. The Fourier transform and recursive relations between the Fourier coefficients themselves instead turn out to be stable and widely useful.

Description / Table of Contents: Fold-and-thrust belts occur worldwide, have formed in all eras of geological time, and are widely recognized as the most common mode in which the crust accommodates shortening. Much current research on the structure of fold-and-thrust belts is focused on structural studies of regions or individual structures and on the geometry and evolution of these regions employing kinematic, mechanical and experimental modelling. In keeping with the main trends of current research, this title is devoted to the kinematic evolution and structural styles of a number of fold-and-thrust belts formed from Palaeozoic to Recent times. The papers included in this book cover a broad range of different topics, from modelling approaches to predict internal deformation of single structures, 3D reconstructions to decipher the structural evolution of groups of structures, palaeomagnetic studies of portions of fold-and-thrust belts, geometrical and kinematical aspects of Coulomb thrust wedges and structural analyses of fold-and-thrust belts to unravel their sequence of deformations.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction: scarcity and frontiers ; 2. The agricultural transition (from 10,000 BC to 3000 BC) ; 3. The rise of cities (from 3000 BC to 1000 AD) ; 4. The emergence of the world economy (from 1000 to 1500) ; 5. Global frontiers and the rise of Western Europe (from 1500 to 1914) ; 6. The Atlantic economy triangular trade (from 1500 to 1860) ; 7. The golden age of resource-based development (from 1870 to 1914) ; 8. The age of dislocation (from 1914 to 1950) ; 9. The contemporary era (from 1950 to present) ; 10. Epilogue: the age of ecological scarcity?

Description / Table of Contents: This volume provides comprehensive and authoritative coverage of all the main areas linked to geomagnetic field observation, from instrumentation to methodology, on ground or near-Earth. Efforts are also focused on a 21st century e-Science approach to open access to all geomagnetic data, but also to the data preservation, data discovery, data rescue, capacity building. Finally, modeling magnetic fields with different internal origins, with their variation in space and time, is an attempt to draw together into one place the traditional work in producing models as IGRF or describing the magnetic anomalies.

Description / Table of Contents: This volume provides systematic, up-to-date coverage of important aspects of Solid Earth Geophysics, including reviews and articles by leading experts. The book is organized to present terms, topics and phrases alphabetically in an easily referenced manner

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part 1 Climate Physics ; The Greenhouse Effect ; Wagging the Dog ; By the Light of the Silvery Moon ; Radiative Transfer ; The Balance of Energy ; The Birth of the General Circulation Model ; Aerosols ; Ocean Heat and Committed Warming ; Taking Earth's Temperature ; Ice Sheets and Sea Level ; The Public Statement ; PART 2 Carbon Cycle ; The Sky is Rising ; Denial and Acceptance ; Bookends ; One if by Land ; Two if by Sea ; Ocean pH ; Tiny Bubbles ; Index

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Hard truths on global warming: a roadmap to reading this book ; Part I. Setting the Scene: 1. Introduction and overview ; 2. Why global warming is such a difficult problem to solve ; Part II. The Three Dimensions to Climate Policy Strategy: 3. Regulating emissions part 1: the enthusiastic countries ; 4. Regulating emissions part 2: engaging reluctant developing countries ; 5. Promoting technological innovation ; 6. Preparing for a changing climate: adaptation, geoengineering and triage ; Part III. Putting It All Together: 7. Explaining diplomatic gridlock: what went wrong? ; 8. A new strategy ; 9. Climate change and world order: implications for the UN, government, industry and nature

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. In Praise of Dissent ; 2. The Theory of the Invisible Hand ; 3. The Limits of Orthodoxy ; 4. The Economy according to Law ; 5. Markets and Discrimination ; 6. The Chemistry of Groups ; 7. Contract, Coercion, and Intervention ; 8. Poverty, Inequality, and Globalization ; 9. Globalization and the Retreat of Democracy ; 10. What Is to Be Done?

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: What went wrong and what we can do about it ; PART I - The critique ; 1. The invention of mechanical markets ; 2. The folly of fully predetermined history ; 3. The Orwellian world of "Rational Expectations" ; 4. The figment of the "Rational Market" ; 5. Castles in the air: the efficient market hypothesis ; 6. The fable of price swings as bubbles ; PART II - An alternative ; 7. Keynes and fundamentals ; 8. Speculation and the allocative performance of financial markets ; 9. Fundamentals and psychology in price swings ; 10. Bounded instability: linking risk and asset-price swings ; 11. Contingency and markets ; 12. Restoring the market-state balance ; Epilogue

Description / Table of Contents: High latitude terrestrial ecosystems are considered key components in the global carbon (C) cycle and hold large reservoirs of soil organic carbon (SOC). Much of this is stored as soil organic matter (SOM) in permafrost soils and peat deposits and is vulnerable to remobilization under future global warming. While the large size and potential vulnerability of arctic SOM reservoirs is recognized, detailed knowledge on its landscape partitioning and quality is poor. This thesis describes total storage, landscape partitioning and lability of SOM stored in permafrost areas of Canada and Russia. Detailed studies of SOC partitioning highlight the importance of especially permafrost peatlands, but also of O-horizons in moist tundra soils and cryoturbated soil horizons. A general characterization of SOM in an area of discontinuous permafrost shows that 〉70% of the SOC in the landscape is stored in SOM with a low degree of decomposition. Projections of permafrost thaw predict that the amount of SOC stored in the active layer of permafrost soils in this area could double by the end of this century. A lateral expansion of current thermokarst lakes by 30 m would expose comparable amounts of SOC to degradation. The results from this thesis have demonstrated the value of high-resolution studies of SOC storage. It is found that peat plateaus, common in the sporadic and discontinuous permafrost zones, store large quantities of labile SOM and may be highly susceptible to permafrost degradation, especially thermokarst, under future climate warming. Large quantities of labile SOM is also stored in cryoturbated soil horizons which may be affected by active layer warming and deepening. The current upscaling methodology is statistically evaluated and recommendations are given for the design of future studies. To accurately predict responses of periglacial C pools to a warming climate detailed studies of SOC storage and partitioning in different periglacial landscapes are needed.

Description / Table of Contents: This book surveys recent developments in numerical techniques for global atmospheric models. It is based upon a collection of lectures prepared by leading experts in the field. The chapters reveal the multitude of steps that determine the global atmospheric model design. They encompass the choice of the equation set, computational grids on the sphere, horizontal and vertical discretizations, time integration methods, filtering and diffusion mechanisms, conservation properties, tracer transport, and considerations for designing models for massively parallel computers. A reader interested in applied numerical methods but also the many facets of atmospheric modeling should find this book of particular relevance.

Description / Table of Contents: A fresh and comprehensive treatise of the distribution of the world's hydrocarbon reserves. The Atlas highlights the geographical, sedimentary and geological features of the basins, using a combination of maps and stratigraphic diagrams to depict the history, prospectivity and commercial production capacity of the reserves on a continental and country-by-country basis. The Atlas is an essential reference source for petroleum geologists and reservoir engineers working in hydrocarbon exploration and production. It is also a valuable and original teaching aid for university graduate and postgraduate courses. The Atlas provides a welcome addition to the global database of the world's energy resources and is therefore an indispensable source of information for the formulation of future strategies to exploit oil and gas reserves. Written by one of China's foremost petroleum geologists, the Atlas provides a rare analysis of the industry from the perspective of the country whose demand for oil and gas is set to become the largest in the next few decades.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. An Introduction to APEX 4.0 ; 2. A Developer's Overview ; 3. Identifying the Problem & Designing the Solution ; 4. SQL Workshop ; 5. Application & Navigational Components ; 6. Forms & Reports - The Basics ; 7. Forms & Reports - Advanced ; 8. Programatic Elements ; 9. Security ; 10. Application Deployment ; 11. Understanding Websheets ; 12. A WebSheets Example ; 13. Extended Developer Tools ; 14. Managing Workspaces ; 15. Team Development

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: I Gedächtnis und Selbstbeobachtung: Die mediale Verewigung des 19. Jahrhunderts ; II Zeit: Wann war das 19. Jahrhundert? ; III Raum: Wo liegt das 19. Jahrhundert? ; IV Sesshafte und Mobile ; V Lebensstandards: Risiken und Sicherheiten materieller Existenz ; VI Städte: Europäische Muster und weltweiter Eigensinn ; VII Frontiers: Unterwerfung des Raumes und Angriff auf nomadisches Leben ; VIII Imperien und Nationalstaaten: Die Beharrungskraft der Reiche ; IX Mächtesysteme, Kriege, Internationalismen: Zwischen zwei Weltkriegen ; X Revolutionen: Von Philadelphia über Nanjing nach St. Petersburg ; XI Staat: «Minimal government», Herrscherpomp und «Hörigkeit der Zukunft» ; XII Energie und Industrie: Wer entfesselte wann und wo Prometheus? ; XIII Arbeit: Die physischen Grundlagen der Kultur ; XIV Netze: Reichweite, Dichte, Löcher ; XV Hierarchien: Vertikalen im sozialen Raum ; XVI Wissen: Vermehrung, Verdichtung, Verteilung ; XVII «Zivilisierung» und Ausgrenzung ; XVIII Religion ; Anhang

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction to Energy Economics ; Part I Energy Demand Analysis and Forecasting ; 2 Energy Data and Energy Balance ; 3 Understanding and Analysing Energy Demand ; 4 Energy Demand Analysis at a Disaggregated Level ; 5 Energy Demand Forecasting ; 6 Energy Demand Management ; Part II Economics of Energy Supply ; 7 Economic Analysis of Energy Investments ; 8 Economics of Fossil Fuel Supply ; 9 Economics of Non-Renewable Resource Supply ; 10 Economics of Electricity Supply ; 11 The Economics of Renewable Energy Supply ; Part III Energy Markets ; 12 Energy Markets and Principles of Energy Pricing ; 13 Energy Pricing and Taxation ; 14 International Oil Market ; 15 Markets for Natural Gas ; 16 Developments in the Coal Market ; 17 Integrated Analysis of Energy Systems ; Part IV Issues Facing the Energy Sector ; 18 Overview of Global Energy Challenges ; 19 Impact of High Energy Prices ; 20 Energy Security Issues ; 21 Investment Issues in the Energy Sector ; 22 Energy Access ; Part V Economics of Energy-Environment Interactions ; 23 The Economics of Environment Protection ; 24 Pollution Control from Stationary Sources ; 25 Pollution Control from Mobile Sources ; 26 The Economics of Climate Change ; 27 The Clean Development Mechanism ; Part VI Regulation and Governance of the Energy Sector ; 28 Regulation of Energy Industries ; 29 Reform of the Energy Industry ;

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: SECTION ONE: A VISION FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN DECISIONS ; 1: Mainstreaming Natural Capital into Decisions ;2: Interpreting and Estimating the Value of Ecosystem Services ; 3: Assessing Multiple Ecosystem Services: An Integrated Tool for the Real World ; SECTION TWO: MULTI-TIERED MODELS FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ; 4: Water Supply as an Ecosystem Service for Hydropower and Irrigation ; 5: Valuing Land Cover Impact on Storm Peak Mitigation ; 6: Retention of Nutrients and Sediment by Vegetation ; 7: Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration and Storage ; 8: The Provisioning Value of Timber and Non-Timber Forest Production ; 9: Provisioning and Regulatory Ecosystem Service Values in Agriculture ; 10: Crop Pollination ; 11: Nature-Based Tourism and Recreation ; 12: Cultural Services and Non-use Values ; 13: Terrestrial Biodiversity ; SECTION THREE: EXTENSIONS, APPLICATIONS, AND THE NEXT GENERATION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICE ASSESSMENTS ; 14: Putting Ecosystem Service Models to Work: Conservation, Management and Tradeoffs ; 15: How Much Information Do Managers Need? The Sensitivity of Ecosystem Service Decisions to Model Complexity ; 16: Poverty and the Distribution of Ecosystem Services ; 17: Ecosystem Service Assessments for Marine Conservation ; 18: Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Ecosystem Services ; 19: Incorporating Ecosystem Services in Decisions

Description / Table of Contents: Usually geomorphology, structural geology and engineering geology provide descriptions of slope instability in quite distinctive ways. This new research is based on combined approaches to providing an integrated view of the operative slope processes. 'Slope Tectonics' is the term adopted here to refer to those deformations that are induced or fully controlled by the slope morphology, and that generate features which can be compared to those created by tectonic activity. Such deformation can be induced by the stress field in a slope which is mainly controlled by gravity, topography and the geological setting created by the geodynamic context.The content of this book includes slope-deformation characterization using morphology and evolution, mechanical behaviour of the material, modes of failure and collapse, influence of lithology and structural features, and the role played by controlling factors. The contributions cover broad aspects of slope tectonics that attempt to underline a multidisciplinary approach, which should create a better framework for studies of slope instability.