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  • PANGAEA
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 1995-1999  (603)
  • 1995  (603)
Collection
Keywords
Years
  • 1995-1999  (603)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Antarctic Peninsula; ANT-VI/2; AWI_Paleo; Biogenic particles; Calcium carbonate; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, total; Carbon in carbonate; Clay, mass netto; Components indeterminata; Counting 〉63 µm fraction; Density; Density, dry bulk; Density, grain; Density, wet bulk; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dry mass; Dry volume; Foraminifera, benthic agglutinated; Foraminifera, benthic calcareous marine; Foraminifera, planktic; Gravel, mass netto; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Mafic minerals; Mass, brutto; Mass, netto; Mass, tara; Mica; Micronodules; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ13C; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ18O; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Polarstern; Porosity; PS12; PS12/201; PS1565-2; Quartz and Feldspar; Rock fragments; Sample mass; Sand; Sand, mass netto; Silicon Cycling in the World Ocean; Silt; Silt, mass netto; SINOPS; Size fraction 〈 0.002 mm, clay; Size fraction 〉 2 mm, gravel; SL; Sponge spiculae; Sulfur, total; Terrigenous; Volcanic glass; Water content, dry mass; Water content, wet mass; Water content, wet mass, brutto
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4344 data points
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Farley, Kenneth A; Patterson, D B (1995): A 100-kyr periodicity in the flux of extraterrestrial 3He to the sea floor. Nature, 378(6557), 521-644, https://doi.org/10.1038/378600a0
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Description: Most of the helium-3 in oceanic sediments conies from interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), and can therefore be used to infer the accretion rate of dust to the Earth through time (Ozima et al., 1984, doi:10.1038/311448a0; Takayanagi and Ozima, 1987, doi:10.1029/JB092iB12p12531; Farley, 1995, doi:10.1038/376153a0). 3He records from slowly accumulating pelagic clays indicate that the accretion rate varies considerably over millions of years, probably owing to cometary and asteroidal break-up events3. Muller and MacDonald have proposed (Muller and MacDonald, 1995, doi:10.1038/377107b0) that periodic changes in this accretion rate due to a previously unrecognized 100-kyr periodicity in the Earth's orbital inclination might account for the prominence of this frequency in climate records of the past million years (Imbrie et al., 1993, doi:10.1029/93PA02751). Here we report variations in the 3He flux to the sea floor that support this idea. We find that the flux recorded in rapidly accumulating Quaternary sediments from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge oscillates with a period of about 100 kyr. We cannot yet say, however, whether the 100-kyr climate cycle is a consequence of, a cause of, or an effect independent of these periodic changes in the rate of delivery of interplanetary dust to the sea floor.
    Keywords: 94-607; Accumulation rate, mass; AGE; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Calculated; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Helium-3; Helium-3, extraterrestrial; Helium-3, flux; Helium-3, flux, standard deviation; Helium-3, standard deviation; Helium-3/Helium-4; Helium-3/Helium-4, standard deviation; Leg94; North Atlantic/FLANK; Number of cycles; Sample amount; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 148 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15570-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_153KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_169KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3382 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15557-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_25KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 228 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15577-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_175KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15574-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_167KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_26KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2660 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15575-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_170KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 228 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-07-09
    Keywords: AGE; Allomorphina pacifica; Ammodiscus sp.; Anomalinoides globulosus; Arabian Sea; Astrononion novozealandicum; Bolivina seminuda; Cancris oblongus; Cassidulina laevigata; Cassidulina minuta; CD17; CD17-30; Charles Darwin; Chilostomella oolina; Cibicides lobatulus; Cibicidoides bradyi; Cibicidoides robertsonianus; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi; Counting 〉125 µm fraction; Cribrostomoides subglobosum; Dentalina spp.; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eggerella bradyi; Eoeponidella sp.; Epistominella exigua; Fissurina spp.; Foraminifera, benthic indeterminata; Francesita advena; Fursenkoina sp.; Globobulimina spp.; Globocassidulina subglobosa; Gyroidina altiformis; Gyroidina neosoldanii; Gyroidinoides orbicularis; Hoeglundina elegans; Karreriella bradyi; Lagena spp.; Laticarinina halophora; Lenticulina iota; Martinottiella communis; Melonis barleeanus; Melonis pompilioides; Nodosaria spp.; Nummoloculina irregularis; Oolina spp.; Oridorsalis umbonatus; Osangularia culter; PC; Piston corer; Pleurostomella subnodosa; Pullenia bulloides; Pullenia sp.; Pullenia subcarinata; Pyrgo spp.; Quadrimorphina glabra; Quinqueloculina lamarckiana; Quinqueloculina sp.; Quinqueloculina venusta; Reophax bilocularis; Reophax dentaliniformis; Rutherfordoides bradyi; Saracenaria sp.; Sigmoilina edwardsi; Sigmoilopsis schlumbergeri; Siphotextularia catenata; Sphaeroidina bulloides; Triloculina tricarinata; Uvigerina auberiana; Uvigerina peregrina; Uvigerina spinicostata; Virgulinella pertusa
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4914 data points
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  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Aaris-Sørensen, Kim (1995): Palaeoecology of a late Weichselian vertebrate fauna from Nörre Lyngby, Denmark. Boreas, 24(4), 355-365, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1995.tb00785.x
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Description: Investigations at a Late Weichselian freshwater basin in northwestern Jutland, Denmark, yielded a fairly rich assemblage of vertebrate remains, mostly bones and teeth of small mammals. The remains are primarily allochthonous and the bones have been subjected to different taphonomic pathways and agents. AMS 14C-dates on terrestrial organic remains provided ages of Middle to Late Allerød time. Identifications revealed the first fossil record in Scandinavia of Rana arvalis, Sorex minutus, Ochotona cf. pusilla, Microtus gregalis, Microtus oeconomus, and Sicista cf. betulinu. Spermophilus cf. major and Desmana moschata, previously found only once and twice respectively, were retrieved, and Sorex araneus and Arvicola terrestris were recovered for the first time beyond the Atlantic chronozone. Ecologically, the Nørre Lyngby small mammal fauna can be characterized by its very high and almost equal proportions of boreal forest and steppe elements followed by a relatively high proportion of tundra elements. The fossil species share a modern area of sympatry north of the Caspian Sea from the river Volga in the west to the southern and western slopes of the Urals. If, however, the large Allerød mammals are added, the fauna is without modern analogues. The Nørre Lyngby fauna can be seen as a last expansion of the North European glacial fauna. Provided that an absolute chronology and a differentiated sea-level curve for the area can be established, the Nørre Lyngby fauna could become important for studies in mammalian dispersal and migration rates.
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, comment; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Amphibia; Arvicola terrestris; Aves; Bölling; Counting, mammalia; Desmana moschata; EUQUAM; European Quaternary Mammalia Database; Facies name/code; Geologic age name; Late Pleistocene; Limfjorden; Microtus gregalis; Microtus oeconomus; Microtus sp.; Nörre_Lyngby; Nr._Lyngby; Ochotona pusilla; ORDINAL NUMBER; Pisces; Pleistocene; Quarternary; Rangifer tarandus; Sample comment; Sicista subtilis-betulina; Sorex araneus-alpinus; Sorex minutus; Spermophilus major; Stratigraphy; Weichselian
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 21 data points
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS28/3K; BOFS28#3; CD53; Charles Darwin; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS29/1K; BOFS29#1; CD53; Charles Darwin; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 52 data points
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS31/1K; BOFS31#1; CD53; Charles Darwin; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 52 data points
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS30/3K; BOFS30#3; CD53; Charles Darwin; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 60 data points
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS26/6K; BOFS26#6; CD53; Charles Darwin; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG Isogas Prism; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Carlson, Liisa (1995): Aluminum substitution in goethite in lake ore. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland, 67(1), 19-28, https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/67.1.002
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: The extent of substitution of Fe by Al in goethite in 32 lake ore samples collected from 11 lakes in Finland varied between 0 and 23 mol-%. The data indicated a negative relationship between Al-substitution and the particle size of lake ore. Differences in the Al-substitution were apparent between sampling sites, suggesting that kinetic and environmental variation in lake ore formation influences the substitution. Non-substituted goethite is formed in coarse-grained sediments with locally high concentrations of Fe due to iron-rich springs. Unit cell edge lengths and volumes of goethite varied as function of Al-subsitution but deviated from the Vegard relationship towards higher values.
    Keywords: NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lei, G; Boström, Kurt (1995): Mineralogical control on transition metal distributions in marine manganese nodules. Marine Geology, 123(3-4), 253-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(95)00022-Q
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: Electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction data for north Pacific manganese nodules reveal that the transition metal distributions are controlled by the mineralogy. Microlayers rich in 10Å-manganates generally have high Mn/Fe ratios and positive correlations between Ni, Cu and Mn, and between Co and Fe. Microlayers rich in vernadite, on the other hand, show low Mn/Fe ratios, and Co, Ni and Cu all show positive correlations with Mn. The 10Å-manganates form mainly in porewaters with high Mn/Fe ratios. The Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions are post-depositionally incorporated into the interlayers of the manganates, whereas Co3+ is substituted for Fe3+ in ferric oxyhydroxides. In seawater with a low Mn/Fe ratio, on the other hand, the adsorption of positively charged ferric oxyhydroxides on negatively charged [MnO6] octahedral layers suppresses the growth of 10Å-manganates, enhancing the formation of vernadite. Positively charged hydroxides of Co3+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ are also adsorbed on the [MnO6] layers. These mechanisms of mineral formation and metal uptake are corroborated by data for other oceanic non-hydrothermal manganese nodules and crusts.
    Keywords: Comment; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dredge; DRG; Event label; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Pacific Ocean; Position; Quantity of deposit; Sediment type; Visual description; Xiang Yang Hong; XYH16-83; XYH16-83-M10; XYH16-83-M12; XYH16-83-M15; XYH16-83-M20; XYH16-83-M6
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 25 data points
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Keywords: Aluminium; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Diameter, maximum; Diameter, minimum; Dredge; DRG; Enojarvi_C; Event label; Finland; Iron; Jaasjarvi_C; Koitere_C; Liesjarvi_AA; Murtojarvi_C; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Petajavesi_C; Piispajarvi_C; Pyhtaanjarvi_C; Salkolanjarvi_AA; Sample ID; Tohmajarvi_C; Vuotinainenjarvi_AA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 184 data points
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Keywords: Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dredge; DRG; Enojarvi_C; Event label; Finland; Jaasjarvi_C; Koitere_C; Liesjarvi_AA; Murtojarvi_C; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Petajavesi_C; pH; Piispajarvi_C; Pyhtaanjarvi_C; Salkolanjarvi_AA; Sample ID; Size fraction 〈 0.062 mm; Size fraction 〉 2 mm, gravel; Size fraction 2.000-0.062 mm; Tohmajarvi_C; Vuotinainenjarvi_AA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 70 data points
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: 27-263; Astacolus calliopsis; Bullopora sp.; Citharina harpa; Deep Sea Drilling Project; Dentalina communis; Dentalina debilis; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Foraminifera, benthic calcareous; Frondicularia hastata; Frondicularia sp.; Gavelinella sp.; Globorotalites sp.; Globulina prisca; Glomar Challenger; Gyroidina infracretacea; Indian Ocean//PLAIN; Laevidentalina spp.; Leg27; Lenticulina heiermanni; Lenticulina muensteri; Lenticulina spp.; Lenticulina subangulata; Lingulina sp.; Marginulina bullata; Number of species; Oolina cf. caudata; Oolina sp.; Planularia complanata; Pleurostomella sp.; Polymorphinid species; Pseudonodosaria sp.; Pyramidulina sceptrum; Pyrulina sp.; Ramulina sp.; Sample code/label; Saracenaria erlita; Saracenaria forticosta; Saracenaria spp.; Scheibnerova sp.; Vaginulina recta; Vaginulinopsis excentrica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 576 data points
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15564-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_106KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 38 data points
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_108KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1140 data points
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_120MC; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 38 data points
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_119KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 570 data points
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_129KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_123KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 380 data points
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_141KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 266 data points
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15567-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_140KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 38 data points
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_164KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 760 data points
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_53KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3344 data points
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15562-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_74KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15558-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_46KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15561-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_63KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_76MC; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 152 data points
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_81KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_77KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1938 data points
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; KL; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_9KL; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 266 data points
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: 27-263; Aaptotoichus challengeri; Aaptotoichus clavellatus; Ammobaculites crespinae; Ammobaculites sp.; Ammodiscus cretaceus; Ammodiscus infimus; Ammodiscus spp.; Ammodiscus tenuissimus; Ammolagena clavata; Ammosphaeroidina sp.; Arenobulimina sp.; Aschemocella sp.; Bathysiphon brosgei; Bimonilina cf. variana; Bulbobaculites cf. inconstans; Bulbobaculites humei; Bulbobaculites spp.; Caudammina crassa; Caudammina spp.; Cribrostomoides nonioninoides; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Evolutinella perturbans; Foraminifera, benthic agglutinated; Gaudryina cuvierensis; Gaudryina spp.; Gaudryinopsis pseudobettenstaedti; Glomar Challenger; Glomospira charoides; Glomospira gaultina; Glomospira gordialis; Glomospira irregularis; Haplophragmoides concavus; Haplophragmoides hagni; Haplophragmoides spp.; Hippocrepina depressa; Hippocrepina gracilis; Hyperammina gaultina; Indian Ocean//PLAIN; Kalamopsis grzybowskii; Lagenammina spp.; Leg27; Lituotuba sp.; Marssonella sp.; Nothia robusta; Number of species; Paratrochamminoides spp.; Psammosphaera sp.; Pseudogaudryinella sp.; Pseudoreophax sp.; Recurvoides obskiensis; Recurvoides spp.; Remesella sp.; Reophax cf. geniculatus; Reophax sp.; Reophax spp.; Rhabdammina spp.; Rhizammina spp.; Saccammina lagenoides; Saccammina spp.; Sample code/label; Spiroplectammina sp.; Spiroplectammina spp.; Subreophax sp.; Textularia spp.; Textulariopsis elegans; Thalmannammina spp.; Trochammina abrupta; Trochammina depressa; Trochammina ribstonensis; Trochammina spp.; Trochammina subinflata; Verneuilina howchini; Verneuilinoides aff. crespinae; Verneuilinoides neocomiensis; Verneuilinoides spp.; Verneuilinulla sp.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4884 data points
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2023-11-01
    Keywords: Abies; Acer; Alnus; Anemone-type; Apiaceae; Armeria; Artemisia; Asteraceae; Betula; Botrychium; Botryococcus; Brassicaceae; Calluna; Campanula; Carpinus; Carya; Caryophyllaceae; Centaurea cyanus-type; Centaurea jacea-type; Centaurea montana-type; cf. Alismataceae; cf. Osmunda; Chara; Chenopodiaceae; Cichoriaceae; Corylus; Counting, palynology; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Empetrum; Ephedra distachya-type; Ephedra fragilis-type; Equisetum; Ericaceae; Fagus; Filipendula; Gentiana campestris-type; Geranium; Helianthemum; Hippophae; Hystrichosphaeres; Ilex; Indeterminata; Juglans; Juniperus; Knautia; Lamiaceae; Liliaceae; Linum; Lithology/composition/facies; Lonicera; Menyanthes; Myriophyllum; Ostrya; Oxyria-type; Papilionaceae; Pediastrum; Picea; Pinus; Pinus, stomata; Plantago lanceolata; Plantago major/media-type; Poaceae; Polygonum bistorta-type; Polygonum persicaria-type; Polypodiaceae; Potamogeton; Pre-Quaternary sporomorphs; Pterocarya; Quercus; Rosaceae; Rubiaceae; Rumex; Salix; Sample comment; Sanguisorba officinalis; Scabiosa columbaria-type; Schmiechen, Baden-Württemberg, Southern Germany; Schmiecher_See; Scrophulariaceae; Selaginella selaginoides; Sphagnum; Succisa; Thalictrum; Tilia; Typha angustifolia-type; Ulmus; Valeriana; Valeriana officinalis; Varia
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9728 data points
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  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  European Pollen Database (EPD) | Supplement to: Efremov, Yurii Y; Kvavadze, Eliso V (1995): History of lakes of mountain range of Northern Asia. Ch. 1 Caucasus. In: Davydova, NN; Martinson, GG & Sevastjanov, D V (eds.) The History of Lakes of Northern Asia. Nauka Publishers, Sankt-Petersburg, 1-287, hdl:10013/epic.37663.d001
    Publication Date: 2023-11-01
    Description: Kvavadze et al. 1994: Palynological studies of the deposits of the Luganski bog situated at an altitutde of 2428 m have shown that glacial lakes repeatedly emerged there during the Holocene. They used to exist for rather a long time during the Atlantic. More shortterm lake basins reappeared at the very end of the Subboreal period and during the climatic optimums 1000 BP and 400-500 BP.
    Keywords: Abies nordmanniana; Acer; Alnus; Artemisia; Betula; Boraginaceae; Botrychium lunaria; Campanula; Carpinus betulus; Carpinus orientalis; Caryophyllaceae; Castanea sativa; Cerealia-type; Chenopodiaceae; Cichorium; Cirsium; Compositae; Convolvulaceae; Corylus; Cyperaceae; Daphne; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dipsacaceae; Dryopteris; Equisetum; Fagus orientalis; Geraniaceae; Gramineae; HADR; Hand auger (drill); Huperzia selago; Indeterminable: unknown; Iridaceae; Juglans regia; Juniperus; Labiatae; Leguminosae; Liliaceae; LUGAN; Luganskoe, Russia; Lycopodium undifferentiated; Onagraceae; Picea orientalis; Pinus; Plantaginaceae; Plumbaginaceae; Polygonaceae; Polypodiaceae undifferentiated; Pteridium undifferentiated; Quercus; Ranunculaceae; Salix; Saxifragaceae; Sorbus; Sphagnum; Taraxacum; Tilia; Ulmus; Umbelliferae; Valeriana; Veronica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1568 data points
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Keywords: Atomic absorption spectrometry, graphite furnace (GF-AAS); Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Individuals; PC; Piston corer; Species; TR163-31
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 64 data points
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  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Snoeckx, Hilde; Rea, David K (1995): Data report: CaCO3 content and bulk density of Leg 138 site-survey piston cores. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 885-893, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.155.1995
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Description: Nine piston cores and six triggerweight cores retrieved from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean during the Venture 1 expedition were analyzed for dry-bulk density (DBD) and CaCO3 content. Sites are located along a north-south transect at 110°W from 11°N to 3°S and along an east-west transect from 110° to 90°W, at approximately 3°S. The data reveal two DBD-CaCO3 relationships and four patterns of CaCO3 abundance.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 11 datasets
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Keywords: Calcium carbonate; Calculated; Carbonate bomb (Müller & Gastner, 1971); Density, dry bulk; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Equatorial Pacific; Event label; GC; Gravity corer; PC; Piston corer; Thomas Washington; VNTR01; VNTR01-10GC; VNTR01-10PC
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 236 data points
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Keywords: Calcium carbonate; Calculated; Carbonate bomb (Müller & Gastner, 1971); Density, dry bulk; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Equatorial Pacific; Event label; GC; Gravity corer; PC; Piston corer; Thomas Washington; VNTR01; VNTR01-13GC; VNTR01-13PC
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 472 data points
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  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Valle, Maria F; Alonso-Gavilan, Gaspar; Rivas Carballo, M Rosario (1995): Analyse palynologique preliminaire du Miocene dans le NE de la depression du Duero (aire de Belorado, Burgos, Espana). Geobios, 28(4), 407-412, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80017-4
    Publication Date: 2023-11-01
    Description: Neogene deposits from Belorado (Province de Burgos, Spain) in the NE border of the Duero Basin have been analyzed. The palynologic analysis of the samples suggests the existence of arboreal landscapes associated with the herbaceous cover creating belts of vegetation around restricted aquatic areas (marshy and lacustrine environments). The characteristics of the palynomorph assemblages allow to define a warm-template climate with strong seasons. The age of these deposits could be included in the middle Miocene (Aragonian).
    Keywords: Abies sp.; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Alnus sp.; Amaranthaceae; Apiaceae; Arecaceae; Armeria sp.; Asteraceae; Belorado; Betulaceae; Betula sp.; Bombacaceae; Carya sp.; Castanea sp.; Cathaya sp.; Cedrus sp.; Chenopodiaceae; Cistaceae; Clethraceae; Convolvulus sp.; Cupressaceae; Cyperaceae; Cyrillaceae; Environment; Ephedra sp.; Epoch; Ericaceae; Fossil determination; Geraniaceae; Juglans sp.; Liliaceae; Linum sp.; Lithology/composition/facies; Lycopodiaceae; Mediterranean stages; Myrica sp.; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; Nyctaginaceae; Nymphaeaceae; Nyssa sp.; Oleaceae; ORDINAL NUMBER; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Picea sp.; Pinus sp.; Poaceae; Polypodiaceae; Populus sp.; Quercus sp.; Ranunculaceae; Salix sp.; Schizaeaceae; Sequoia sp.; Spain, Castillia; Stage; Taxodiaceae; Taxodium sp.; Tilia sp.; Typha sp.; Ulmus sp.; Visual description
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 54 data points
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2023-11-09
    Keywords: Adercotryma glomeratum; Allogromiina sp.; Alveolophragmium crassimargo; Ammodiscus sp.; Ammotium cassis; Astrononion gallowayi; Biomass; Bolivina pseudopunctata; Buccella frigida; Cassidulina reniforme; Cibicides lobatulus; Cornuspira sp.; Counting 〉63 µm fraction; Cribrostomoides jeffreysii; DATE/TIME; Dentalina baggi; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Distance; ECHO; Echosounder; Eggerella advena; Elphidium clavatum; Elphidium subarcticum; Foraminifera, benthic, standing stock; Foraminifera, benthic calcareous; Foraminifera, benthic living; Globobulimina turgida; Grain size, sieving; Hippocrepinella alba; Hyperammina subnodosa; Islandiella helenae; Lagena semilineata; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Miliolinella sp.; Nonionellina labradorica; Number of species; Pelosina variabilis; Protelphidium orbiculare; Proteonina sp.; Psammosphaera sp.; Quinqueloqulina stalkeri; Recurvoides turbinatus; Reophax arcticus; Reophax atlantica; Reophax scorpiurus; Reophax scotti; Robertina arctica; Rosalina sp.; Sample code/label; Sand; Spiroplectammina biformis; Stainforthia loeblichi; Stainforthia schreibersiana; Trifarina fluens; Trochammina nana; Trochamminella bullata
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 396 data points
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2023-11-09
    Keywords: Adercotryma glomeratum; Allogromiina sp.; Alveolophragmium crassimargo; Ammodiscus sp.; Ammotium cassis; Astrononion gallowayi; Bolivina pseudopunctata; Buccella frigida; Cassidulina reniforme; Cibicides lobatulus; Cornuspira sp.; Counting 〉63 µm fraction; Cribrostomoides jeffreysii; DATE/TIME; Dentalina baggi; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, sediment/rock; ECHO; Echosounder; Eggerella advena; Elphidium clavatum; Elphidium subarcticum; Foraminifera, benthic calcareous; Foraminifera, benthic dead; Foraminifera, benthic live/live+dead ratio; Foraminifera, benthic specimens; Globobulimina turgida; Hippocrepinella alba; Hyperammina subnodosa; Islandiella helenae; Lagena semilineata; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Miliolinella sp.; Nonionellina labradorica; Number of species; Pelosina variabilis; Protelphidium orbiculare; Proteonina sp.; Psammosphaera sp.; Quinqueloqulina stalkeri; Recurvoides turbinatus; Reophax arcticus; Reophax atlantica; Reophax scorpiurus; Reophax scotti; Robertina arctica; Rosalina sp.; Sample code/label; Spiroplectammina biformis; Stainforthia loeblichi; Stainforthia schreibersiana; Trifarina fluens; Trochammina nana; Trochamminella bullata
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 384 data points
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  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bogdanov, Yury A; Gorshkov, Anatoly I; Gurvich, Evgeny G; Bogdanova, Olga Yu; Dubinina, G I; Ivanov, Gennadiy I; Isaeva, Alexandra B; Muravev, K G (1995): Ferromanganese nodules of the Kara Sea. Oceanology, 34(5), 722-732, hdl:10013/epic.46879.d001
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: Data on mineral and chemical compositions of Fe-Mn nodules sampled in Cruise 49 of R/V Dmitry Mendeleev.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Archive of Ocean Data; ARCOD; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Carbon, organic, total; Cobalt; Copper; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Description; DM49; DM49-4399-2; Dmitry Mendeleev; Element analyser CHN, LECO; Elevation of event; Event label; ICP-AES, Inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy; Iron; Latitude of event; Lead; Longitude of event; Manganese; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Phosphorus; Quartz; Sample ID; Silicon; SPASIBAIII; Titanium; TRAWL; Trawl net; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 288 data points
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Akademik A Nesmeyanov; AN13; AN13-7; AN13-8; AN13-85; AN13-97; Antimony; Archive of Ocean Data; ARCOD; Area/locality; Arsenic; Barium; Caesium; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Elevation of event 2; Europium; Event label; Gold; Hafnium; Iron; Lanthanum; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lutetium; Neodymium; Samarium; Sample code/label; Scandium; Selenium; Sodium; Tantalum; Tellurium; Terbium; Thorium; Uranium; West Pacific; Ytterbium; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 215 data points
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Akademik A. Vinogradov; Antimony; Archive of Ocean Data; ARCOD; Area/locality; Arsenic; AVI13; AVI13-14; AVI13-2; AVI13-5; Barium; Caesium; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Elevation of event 2; Europium; Event label; Gold; Hafnium; Iron; Lanthanum; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lutetium; Neodymium; Samarium; Sample code/label; Scandium; Selenium; Sodium; Tantalum; Tellurium; Terbium; Thorium; Uranium; West Pacific; Ytterbium; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 134 data points
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Akademik A. Vinogradov; Antimony; Archive of Ocean Data; ARCOD; Arsenic; AVI7; AVI7-22; AVI7-3; AVI7-36; Barium; Caesium; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Elevation of event 2; Europium; Event label; Gold; Hafnium; Iron; Lanthanum; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lutetium; Neodymium; Samarium; Sample code/label; Scandium; Selenium; Sodium; Tantalum; Tellurium; Terbium; Thorium; Uranium; West Pacific; Ytterbium; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 130 data points
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15566-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_122KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 38 data points
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; GIK15568-1; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_142KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: Aluminium oxide; Arsenic; Barium; BCR; Box corer (Reineck); Caesium; Calcium oxide; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Gallium; Hafnium; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Peru Basin; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Rubidium; Scandium; SEDIPERU - TUSCH; Silicon dioxide; SO79; SO79_52KG; Sodium oxide; Sonne; Strontium; Sulfite; Tantalum; Thorium; Tin; Titanium dioxide; Tungsten; Uranium; Vanadium; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 38 data points
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  • 56
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    In:  Supplement to: Lazarus, David B; Spencer-Cervato, Cinzia; Pika-Biolzi, Milena; Beckmann, Jean-Pierre; von Salis, Katharina H; Hilbrecht, Hienz; Thierstein, Hans R (1995): Revised chronology of Neogene DSDP holes from the world ocean. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, Technical Note, 24, 301 pp, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.tn.24.1995
    Publication Date: 2023-12-07
    Description: After nearly 30 years of growth in geochronologic knowledge, the originally published age models for many older deep sea marine sections have become badly outdated. In this report we present newly revised age models for Neogene sediments from 94 DSDP holes. Biostratigraphic data for planktonic foraminifers, calcareous nannofossils, diatoms and radiolarians, paleomagnetic and other stratigraphic data were compiled from the original Initial Reports volumes of DSDP. The Berggren et al. (1985 doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96〈1407:CG〉2.0.CO;2) scale was used for the age of magnetic reversals, and a variety of recent papers were used to establish a standard modern set of calibrations for marine microfossil events to the magnetic reversal scale. New age vs depth plots were made for each hole, and for each a new line of correlation was created. All tabulated stratigraphic data, new age models, and age depth plots are given as appendices to the report.
    Keywords: 13-125; 13-132; 14-141; 16-158; 18-173; 18-178; 19-192; 22-213; 24-233; 24-233A; 24-236; 24-238; 26-253; 28-265; 28-266; 28-267B; 29-278; 29-281; 30-289; 33-317B; 40-362; 41-366A; 41-369A; 49-408; 55-433A; 56-436; 57-438A; 57-440B; 60-458; 63-469; 63-470; 63-470A; 63-472; 67-495; 67-499; 68-502A; 68-502B; 68-502C; 68-503A; 68-503B; 71-513A; 71-514; 72-517; 73-522; 74-525A; 7-63; 7-64; 80-548; 80-548A; 81-552A; 85-572A; 85-572C; 85-572D; 85-573; 85-573A; 85-573B; 85-574; 85-574C; 86-577; 86-578; 86-579A; 88-581; 89-586B; 90-587; 90-588; 90-588A; 90-588C; 90-590A; 90-590B; 90-591; 90-592; 90-593; 90-594; 90-594A; 92-599; 94-606; 94-607; 94-607A; 94-608; 94-608A; 94-609; 94-609B; 94-610; 94-610A; 95-603; 95-603C; Antarctic Ocean/BASIN; Antarctic Ocean/RIDGE; Antarctic Ocean/Tasman Sea/CONT RISE; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Indian Ocean//BASIN; Indian Ocean//FRACTURE ZONE; Indian Ocean//RIDGE; Indian Ocean/Gulf of Aden/TRENCH; Leg13; Leg14; Leg16; Leg18; Leg19; Leg22; Leg24; Leg26; Leg28; Leg29; Leg30; Leg33; Leg40; Leg41; Leg49; Leg55; Leg56; Leg57; Leg60; Leg63; Leg67; Leg68; Leg7; Leg71; Leg72; Leg73; Leg74; Leg80; Leg81; Leg85; Leg86; Leg88; Leg89; Leg90; Leg92; Leg94; Leg95; Mediterranean Sea/CONT RISE; Mediterranean Sea/RIDGE; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Atlantic/CONT SLOPE; North Atlantic/DIAPIR; North Atlantic/FLANK; North Atlantic/PLATEAU; North Atlantic/RIDGE; North Atlantic/SPUR; North Pacific; North Pacific/ABYSSAL FLOOR; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/ESCARPMENT; North Pacific/FLANK; North Pacific/GUYOT; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/PLATEAU; North Pacific/RIDGE; North Pacific/SEAMOUNT; North Pacific/SLOPE; North Pacific/TRENCH; North Pacific/TROUGH; South Atlantic; South Atlantic/CREST; South Atlantic/FLANK; South Atlantic/PLATEAU; South Atlantic/RIDGE; South Pacific; South Pacific/CONT RISE; South Pacific/Coral Sea/BANK; South Pacific/PLATEAU; South Pacific/Tasman Sea/CONT RISE; South Pacific/Tasman Sea/PLATEAU
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 86 datasets
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  • 57
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    In:  Supplement to: Wei, Wuchang (1995): How many impact-generated microspherule layers in the Upper Eocene? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 114(1), 101-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(95)00075-W
    Publication Date: 2023-12-07
    Description: Upper Eocene microspherules (microtektites and microkrystites) have been found in deep-sea sediments from the western North Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, equatorial Pacific, and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean. Recent studies proposed that there are three or four microspherule layers: the North American microtektite and microkrystite couplet in chron C15, and one (or two) significantly older layer(s) in chron C16 in DSDP Sites 216, 292 and 612. Based on calcareous nannofossil biochronologic and morphometric data, I suggest that the microspherules in the latter sites correlate with the North American microtektite-microkrystite couplet. My results as well as previously published data are all compatible with the model of one couplet of microtektites-microkrystites. The inference of three or four microspherule layers in the upper Eocene is shown to be an artifact of interpretation.
    Keywords: 10-94; 17-167; 22-216; 31-292; 61-462; 95-612; Ageprofile Datum Description; Comment; Deep Sea Drilling Project; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Glomar Challenger; Gulf of Mexico/SCARP; Indian Ocean//RIDGE; Leg10; Leg17; Leg22; Leg31; Leg61; Leg95; North Atlantic/SLOPE; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/Philippine Sea/CONT RISE; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 60 data points
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2023-12-07
    Keywords: 95-603; Age model; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg95; North Atlantic/CONT RISE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16 data points
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2023-12-07
    Keywords: 95-603C; Age model; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg95; North Atlantic/CONT RISE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10 data points
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Keywords: 94-607_Site; Age model; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg94; North Atlantic/FLANK
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1056 data points
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  • 61
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    In:  Supplement to: Oppo, Delia W; Raymo, Maureen E; Lohmann, Gerrit; Mix, Alan C; Wright, James D; Prell, Warren L (1995): A d13C record of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water during the past 2.6 million years. Paleoceanography, 10(3), 373-394, https://doi.org/10.1029/95PA00332
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Description: Benthic foraminiferal delta13C data from site 502 in the Caribbean Sea (sill depth ?1800 m) indicate that throughout the past 2.6 m.y., glacial delta13C values in the middepth Atlantic were higher during glaciations than interglaciations. This is interpreted as indicating a greater proportion of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water (UNADW) relative to southern source waters during glaciations. The contribution of UNADW during interglaciations to the middepth Atlantic remained approximately constant, and the contribution during glaciations may have been as much as 10 % higher in the late Pleistocene than in the late Pliocene. This small increase is in striking contrast to the much larger decrease in glacial Lower North Atlantic Deep Water (LNADW) contribution relative to southern sources, from about 80% to about 20%, that occurred over the past 2.6 m.y. Glacial intensification over the past 2.6 m.y. was probably coupled with a decrease in northward heat transport by the upper limb of the North Atlantic circulation cell, as was previously suggested on the basis of a LNADW record alone. Late Pleistocene (1 Ma-present) delta13C values in the Caribbean Sea were approximately 0.2 per mil higher than they were from 2.6 to 2.0 Ma. The delta13C rise is not due to an increase in the mean ocean delta13C value, nor can it be entirely attributed to an increase in the proportion of high-delta13C source waters. An increase in the delta13C value of the surface source waters must have contributed to the delta13C rise.
    Keywords: 68-502; 68-502_Site; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg68
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Keywords: 68-502_Site; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Leg68; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1038 data points
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Keywords: 68-502_Site; Age model; Age model (Shackleton et al. 1990, Roy Soc Edinburg, Earth Science 81:251-261); Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg68
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 85 data points
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Keywords: 68-502_Site; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Leg68; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 252; Sample code/label; Uvigerina sp., δ13C; Uvigerina sp., δ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 33 data points
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  • 65
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    In:  Supplement to: Chen, Jiajie; Farrell, John W; Murray, David W; Prell, Warren L (1995): Timescale and paleoceanographic implications of a 3.6 m.y. oxygen isotope record from the northeast Indian Ocean (Ocean Drilling Program Site 758). Paleoceanography, 10(1), 21-48, https://doi.org/10.1029/94PA02290
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Numerous studies have shown that delta18O records from benthic and planktonic foraminifera, primarily a proxy of global ice volume variations, reflect Milankovitch periodicities. To study climatic response to orbital forcing at Ocean Drilling Program site 758, we have generated continuous delta18O and delta13C records from a single benthic foraminiferal species Cibicides wuellerstorfi for the last 3.6 m.y. and extended the planktonic foraminiferal isotope records of Farrell and Janecek (1991, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.121.124.1991) (0-2.5 Ma, based on Globigerinoides sacculifer) to 3.6 Ma (Chen, 1994). We then constructed an age model by matching, correlating and tuning the benthic delta18O record to a model simulation of ice volume (Imbrie and Imbrie, 1980, doi:10.1126/science.207.4434.943). The filtered 41- and 23-kyr signals based on the resultant astronomically tuned age model are highly correlated to obliquity (r=0.83) and precession (r=0.75), respectively. Although derived with methodology different from Shackleton et al. (1990) and Hilgen (1991, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(91)90206-W, 1991, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(91)90082-S), our results generally agree with their published astronomical timescales for the time interval from 0 to 3.0 Ma, providing additional support for the newly emerging chronology based on orbital tuning. Slight discrepancies exist in the time interval from 3.0 to 3.6 Ma, suggesting several possibilities, including differences in the approaches of orbital tuning and the relatively low amplitude of delta18O variations in our record. However, even if the discrepancies are due to the relatively low amplitude of the isotope signals in our record at 3.0-3.6 Ma, our resultant timescale as a whole does not adversely affect our evaluation of the paleoclimatology and paleoceanography of the Indian Ocean, such as the evolution of the 100-, 41- and 23-kyr cycles, and variation of global ice volume and deepwater temperature during the past 3.6 m.y.
    Keywords: 121-758; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Indian Ocean; Joides Resolution; Leg121; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 66
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    In:  Supplement to: Mix, Alan C; Le, Jianning; Shackleton, Nicholas J (1995): Benthic foraminiferal stable isotope stratigraphy of site 846: 0-1.8 Ma. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 839-854, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.160.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A stable-isotope stratigraphy at Site 846 (tropical Pacific, 3°06'S, 90°49'W, 3307 m water depth), based on the benthic foraminifers Cibicides wuellerstorfi and Uvigerina peregrina, yields a high-resolution record of deep-sea delta18O and delta13C over the past 1.8 Ma, with an average sampling interval of 3 k.y. Variance in the delta18O and delta13C records is concentrated in the well-known orbital periods of 100, 41, and 23 k.y. In the 100-k.y. band, both isotopic signals grow from relatively low amplitudes prior to 1.2 Ma, to high amplitudes in the late Quaternary since 0.7 Ma. The amplitude of delta18O and especially of delta13C decreases in the 41-k.y. band as it grows in the 100-k.y. band, consistent with a transfer of energy into an orbitally-paced internal oscillation. A weak 30-k.y. rhythm, present in both delta18O and delta13C, may reflect nonlinear interaction between the 41-k.y. and 100-k.y. bands in the evolving climate system. In the 23-k.y. and 19-k.y. bands associated with orbital precession, delta18O and delta13C are not coherent with each other on long time scales, and do not evolve like the 100-k.y. and 41-k.y. bands. This suggests that the source of the growing 100-k.y. oscillation is not a nonlinear response to precession, in contrast to predictions of some climate models. Sedimentation rates at this site also vary with a strong 100-k.y. cycle. Unlike the isotope records, the amplitude of 100-k.y. variations in sedimentation rate is relatively constant over the past 1.8 Ma, ranging from about 15 to 70 m/m.y. Prior to 0.9 Ma, sedimentation rates co-vary with orbital eccentricity, rather than with global climate as reflected by delta18O or delta13C. A source of this 100-k.y. cycle of sedimentation rate in the absence of similar ice volume fluctuations may be precessional heating of equatorial land masses, which in an energy balance climate model drives variations of monsoonal climates with a 100-k.y. rhythm. For the interval younger than 0.9 Ma, high sedimentation rates in the 100-k.y. band are consistently associated with glacial stages. This change of pattern suggests that when the amplitude of glacial cycles become large enough, their global effects overpower a local monsoon-driven variation in sedimentation rate at Site 846.
    Keywords: 138-846; 138-846B; 138-846C; 138-846D; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg138; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Pacific Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 67
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    In:  Supplement to: Shackleton, Nicholas J; Hall, Michael A; Pate, D (1995): Pliocene stable isotope stratigraphy of Site 864. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 337-355, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.117.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios were measured in benthic foraminifers from the entire Pliocene and latest Miocene sections of Site 846, a 180-m section, at a sampling interval of 10 cm. This provides a temporal resolution of about 2500 yr. The documented continuity of the record is excellent. Using the time scale that was developed on the basis of orbital tuning of GRAPE density records, we observed a fairly constant phase relationship between delta18O and variations in the obliquity of Earth's rotational axis. A new numbering scheme for Pliocene isotope stages is proposed. This high-resolution delta18O record clarifies several interesting aspects of late Neogene climatic evolution, including a "glacial" event that may have caused the final Messinian desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea; one or more "interglacial" events that might have caused refilling of the Mediterranean; a well-resolved couplet of glacial events at about the age of the Sidujfall Subchron; interglacial extremes in the early part of the Gauss that could have resulted from either significant deglaciation on Antarctica or from warming of deep water; and a gradual ramp of increasingly extreme "glacial" events, starting at about the Kaena Subchron and culminating with delta18O stage 100 in the earliest Matuyama.
    Keywords: 138-846; 138-846B; 138-846C; 138-846D; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg138; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Pacific Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 68
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    In:  Supplement to: McNeill, Andrew W (1995): Petrology of chilled dike margins recovered from Hole 504B, Leg 140. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 35-42, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.009.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Mineral and whole-rock geochemical data are presented for chilled dike margins from the lower sheeted dike complex of Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program (DSDP/ODP) Hole 504B. Compositions of phenocrystic plagioclase (An80-89); olivine (Fo82-86); clinopyroxene (Wo52En40Fs8, with Cr2O3 up to 1.2%); and rare chromian spinel (Cr# 43) are consistent with those from the lavas and the upper dike complex recovered previously (DSDP Legs 69, 70, 83, and ODP Leg 111). Major and trace element compositions fall in group D of Autio and Rhodes (1983) and have high CaO/Na2O, and low TiO2, K2O, and (La/Sm)N values consistent with previous analyses from this site.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 69
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    In:  Supplement to: Zuleger, Evelyn; Alt, Jeffrey C; Erzinger, Jörg (1995): Primary and secondary variations in major and trace element geochemistry of the lower sheeted dike complex: Hole 504B, Leg 140. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 65-80, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.022.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Rocks of the lower sheeted dike complex of Hole 504B sampled during Leg 140 were analyzed for major and trace element compositions to investigate the effects of igneous processes and hydrothermal alteration on the compositions of the rocks. The rocks are relatively uniform in composition and similar to the shallower dikes. They are moderately evolved mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORB) with relatively high MgO (7.9-10 wt%) and Mg# (0.60-0.70), and have unusually low incompatible element contents (TiO2 = 0.42-1.1 wt%, Zr = 23-62 ppm). Discrete compositional intervals in the hole reflect varying degrees of differentiation, and olivine and plagioclase accumulation in the rocks, and may be related to injection of packets of dikes having similar compositions. Systematic depletions of total REE, Zr, Y, TiO2, and P2O5 in centimeter-size patches are most likely attributed to exclusion of highly differentiated, late-stage interstitial liquids from small portions of the rocks. The rocks exhibit increased H2O+ reflecting hydrothermal alteration. Replacement of primary plagioclase by albite and oligoclase led to local gains of Na2O, losses of CaO, and slightly positive Eu anomalies. Some mobility of P2O5 led to minor increases and decreases in P2O5 contents, and some local mobility of Ti may have occurred during alteration of titanomagnetite to titanite. Higher temperatures of alteration in the lower sheeted dikes led to breakdown of pyroxene and sulfide minerals and losses of Zn, Cu, and S to hydrothermal fluids. Later addition of anhydrite to the rocks in microfractures and replacing plagioclase caused local increases in sulfur contents. The lower sheeted dikes are a major source of metals to hydrothermal fluids for the formation of metal sulfide deposits on and within the seafloor.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 70
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    In:  Supplement to: Sparks, Joel W (1995): Geochemistry of the lower sheeted dike complex, Hole 504B, Leg 140. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 81-97, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.021.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Sixty-three samples representing 379 m of sheeted dikes from Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program Site 504B have been analyzed for major and selected trace elements by X-ray fluorescence. The samples range from microcrystalline aphyric basalts to moderately phyric (2%-10% phenocrysts) diabase that are typically multiply saturated with plagioclase, olivine, and clinopyroxene, in order of relative abundance. All analyzed samples are classified as Group D compositions with moderate to slightly elevated compatible elements (MgÆ-value = 0.65% ± 0.03%; Al2O3 = 15.5% ± 0.8%; CaO = 13.0% ± 0.3%; Ni = 114 ± 29 ppm), and unusually depleted levels of moderate to highly incompatible elements (Nb 〈 1 ppm; Zr = 44 ± 7 ppm; Rb 〈 0.5 ppm; Ba ~ 1 ppm; P2O5 = 0.07% ± 0.02%). These compositions are consistent with a multistage melting of a normal ocean ridge basaltic mantle source followed by extensive fractionation of olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene. Leg 140 aphyric to sparsely phyric (0%-2% phenocrysts) basalts and diabases are compositionally indistinguishable from similarly phyric samples at higher levels in the hole. An examination of the entire crustal section, from the overlying volcanics through the sheeted dikes observed in Leg 140, reveals no significant trends indicating the enrichment or depletion of Costa Rica Rift Zone source magmas over time. Similarly, significant trends toward increased or decreased differentiation cannot be identified, although compositional patterns reflecting variable amounts of phenocryst addition are apparent at various depths. Below ? 1700 mbsf to the bottom of the Leg 140 section, there is a broadly systematic pattern of Zn depletion with depth, the result of high-temperature hydrothermal leaching. This zone of depletion is thought to be a significant source of Zn for the hydrothermal fluids depositing metal sulfides at ridge-crest hydrothermal vents and the sulfide-mineralization zone, located in the transition between pillow lavas and sheeted dikes. Localized zones of intense alteration (60%-95% recrystallization) are present on a centimeter to meter scale in many lithologic units. Within these zones, normally immobile elements Ti, Zr, Y, and rare-earth elements are strongly depleted compared with "fresher" samples centimeters away. The extent of compositional variability of these elements tends to obscure primary igneous trends if the highly altered samples are not identified or removed. At levels up to 40% (or possibly 60%) recrystallization, Ti, Zr, and Y retain their primary signatures. Although the mechanisms are unclear, it is possible that these intense alteration zones are a source of Y and rare-earth elements for the typically rare-earth-element-enriched hydrothermal vent fluids of mid-ocean ridges.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 71
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    In:  Supplement to: Johnson, Kevin T M; Fisk, Martin R; Naslund, Howard Richard (1995): Geochemical characteristics of refractory silicate melt inclusions from Leg 140 diabases. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 131-139, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.004.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Geochemical data from plagioclase-hosted silicate melt inclusions from Leg 140, Hole 504B diabase dikes are reported. Hand-picked plagioclase grains were heated to 1260°-1280°C to remelt the glass inclusions and to infer trapping temperatures. The samples were then polished to expose the inclusions, which were analyzed by electron and ion microprobes. Inclusion compositions are mainly in equilibrium with the host plagioclase and are more depleted in incompatible elements than the host rock. Simple crystal-liquid equilibrium calculations show that the melt inclusions could have been in equilibrium with depleted abyssal peridotite diopsides, whereas whole-rock basalt compositions generally could not have been. The melt inclusions are significantly more depleted than normal (N-type) mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB) and are consistent with being produced by 8%-16% incremental or open-system melting with 2% residual porosity in the peridotite source. These magmas were formed during pressure-release melting of the mantle over a range of depths between 30 and 15 km.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 72
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    In:  Supplement to: Alt, Jeffrey C; Zuleger, Evelyn; Erzinger, Jörg (1995): Mineralogy and stable isotopic compositions of the hydrothermally altered lower sheeted dike complex, Hole 504B, Leg 140. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 155-166, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.013.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Drilling during Legs 137 and 140 of the Ocean Drilling Program deepened Hole 504B, the only hole to penetrate through the volcanic section and into the underlying hydrothermally altered sheeted dike complex, by 438.1 m to a total depth of 2000.4 meters below seafloor. This paper presents the secondary mineralogy, bulk-rock sulfur contents, and stable isotopic (O, S) compositions, plus oxygen isotopic compositions of secondary minerals from the lower sheeted dike complex drilled during Legs 137 and 140. Various evidence indicates higher temperatures of hydrothermal alteration in the lower dikes than in the upper dikes, including: the local presence of secondary clinopyroxene in the lower dikes; secondary anorthite and hornblende in the lower dikes vs. mainly actinolite and albite-oligoclase in the upper dikes; generally increasing Al and Ti contents of amphibole downward in the dike section; and greater 18O depletions of the lower dikes (d18O = 3.6-5.0 per mil) compared with the upper dikes. Early high-temperature alteration stages (T = 350°-500°C) resulted in 18O depletions and losses of metals (Cu, Zn) and sulfur from the rocks. Local incorporation of reduced seawater sulfate led to elevated d34S values of sulfide in the rocks (up to 2.5 per mil). Quartz + epidote formed in crosscutting veins at temperatures of 310°-320°C from more evolved fluids (d18O = 1 per mil). Late-stage lower-temperature (~250°C) reactions producing albite, prehnite, and zeolites in the rocks caused slight 18O enrichments, but these were insufficient to offset the 18O depletions caused by earlier higher-temperature reactions. Addition of anhydrite to the rocks during seawater recharge led to increased S contents of rocks that had previously lost S during axial hydrothermal alteration, and to further increases in d34S values of total S in the rocks (up to 12 per mil). Despite the evidence for seawater recharge to near the base of the sheeted dike complex, the paucity of late zeolites in the lower dikes suggests that late-stage, off-axis circulation was mainly restricted to the volcanics and shallowest dikes, or to localized high-permeability zones (faults) at depth.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 73
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    In:  Supplement to: Dick, Henry J B; Johnson, Kevin T M (1995): REE and trace element composition of clinopyroxene megacrysts, xenocrysts, and phenocrysts in two diabase dikes from Leg 140, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 121-130, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.003.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We report the major, rare earth, and other trace element compositions of clinopyroxenes from two Leg 140, Hole 504B diabase dikes. These pyroxenes reflect a complex history of crystal growth and magma evolution. The large ranges of composition found reflect incorporation of exotic phenocrysts into the melt, the early formation of crystal clots before dike intrusion during an undercooling event, and in-situ fractionation of melt during and following dike emplacement. Some of the pyroxenes occur in coarse two- and three-phase glomerocrysts, which may be ôprotogabbrosö representing early stages of melt crystallization in the lower crust. Large variations in trace element composition are found. These likely reflect heterogeneous nucleation and growth of plagioclase and pyroxene in the melt, as well as complex interface kinetics that may affect partition coefficients during rapid crystal growth expected during undercooling. This can explain the formation of irregular chemical sector zoning in some equant anhedral phenocrysts. Undercooling of magmas in the lower crust most likely reflects input of fresh hot melt into a stagnating melt-storage zone. Dikes intruded upward from an inflated melt-storage zone during such a cycle are likely to be larger than those intruded from the storage zone between such cycles, when it would be deflated, consistent with the greater overall thickness of the phyric dikes in the Leg 140 section of Hole 504B.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 74
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    In:  Supplement to: Tartarotti, Paola; Allerton, Simon A; Laverne, Christine (1995): Vein formation mechanisms in the sheeted dike complex from Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 231-243, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.026.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Diabases were recovered during Legs 137 and 140 at Hole 504B from depths between 1621.5 and 2000.4 meters below seafloor in the lower sheeted dike complex. The samples contain multiple generations of millimetric to centimetric veins. The orientation of the measured veins suggests that two main vein sets exist: one characterized by shallow dipping and the other by random trend. Thermal contraction during rock cooling is considered the main mechanism responsible for fracture formation. Vein infill is related to the circulation of hydrothermal fluids near the spreading axis. Some veins are surrounded by millimeter-sized alteration halos due to fluid percolation from the fractures through the host rock. Vein-filling minerals are essentially amphibole, chlorite, and zeolites. Amphibole composition is controlled by the microstructural site of the rock. Actinolite is the main amphibole occurring in the veins and also in the groundmass away from the halos. In the alteration halos, amphibole shows composition of actinolitic hornblende and Mg-hornblende. Late-stage tension gashes and interstitial spaces in some amphibole-bearing veins are filled with zeolites, suggesting that the veins likely suffered multiple opening stages that record the cooling history of the circulating fluids. Evidence of deformation recorded by the recovered samples seems to be restricted to veins that clearly represent elements of weakness of the rock. On the basis of vein geometry and microstructure we infer structural interpretations for the formation mechanism and for deformation of veins.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 75
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    In:  Supplement to: Kelley, Deborah S; Vanko, David A; Gu, Chifeng (1995): Fluid evolution in oceanic crustal layer 2: fluid inclusion evidence from the sheeted dike complex, Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 191-198, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.015.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Fluid inclusions in variably altered diabase recovered from Ocean Drilling Program Legs 137 and 140 at Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift, exhibit fluid salinities up to 3.7 times that of seawater values (11.7 wt% NaCl equivalent) and exhibit uncorrected homogenization temperatures of 125°C to 202°C. The liquid-dominated inclusions commonly are entrapped in zones of secondary plagioclase and may be primary in origin. Fluid salinities are similar to compositions of fluids venting on the seafloor (0.4-7.0 wt% NaCl) and overlap with those measured in metabasalt samples recovered from near the Kane Fracture Zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus. The salinity variations may reflect hydration reactions involving formation of secondary mineral assemblages under rock-dominated conditions, which modify the ionic strength of hydrothermal fluids by consuming or liberating water and chloride ion. Rare CO2-CH4-bearing inclusions, subjacent to zones where talc after olivine becomes an important secondary mineral phase (1700 mbsf), may have formed due to local interaction of seawater and olivine at low water to rock ratios. Corrected average fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures exhibit a gradient from 159°C at a depth of 1370 mbsf to 183°C at a depth of 1992 mbsf and are in apparent equilibrium with the present conductive downhole temperatures. These data indicate that fluid inclusions may be used to estimate downhole temperatures if logging data are unavailable. The compositional and thermal evolution of the diabase-hosted fluids may reflect late-stage, off-axis circulation and conductive heating of compositionally modified seawater in the sheeted dike complex at Hole 504B.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 76
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    In:  Supplement to: Laverne, Christine; Vanko, David A; Tartarotti, Paola; Alt, Jeffrey C (1995): Chemistry and geothermometry of secondary minerals from the deep sheeted dike complex, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 167-189, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.014.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Dolerites sampled from the lower sheeted dikes from Hole 504B during Ocean Drilling Program Legs 137 and 140, between 1562.4 and 2000.4 mbsf, were examined to document the mineralogy, petrography, and mineral parageneses associated with secondary alteration, to constrain the thermal history and composition of hydrothermal fluids. The main methods used were mineral chemical analyses by electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, and cathodoluminescence microscopy. Temperatures of alteration were estimated on the basis of single and/or coexisting mineral chemistry. Permeability is important in controlling the type and extent of alteration in the studied dike section. At the meter-scale, intervals of weakly altered dolerites containing fresh olivine are interpreted as having experienced restricted exposure to hydrothermal fluids. At the centimeter- or millimeter-scale, alteration patches and extensively altered halos adjacent to veins reflect the permeability related to intergranular primary porosity and cracks. Most of the sheeted dike alteration in this case resulted from non-focused, pervasive fluid-rock interaction. This study confirms and extends the previous model for hydrothermal alteration at Hole 504B: hydrothermal alteration at the ridge axis followed by seawater recharge and off-axis alteration. The major new discoveries, all related to higher temperatures of alteration, are: (1) the presence of hydrothermal plagioclase (An80-95), (2) the presence of deuteric and/or hydrothermal diopside, and (3) the general increasing proportion of amphiboles, and particularly magnesio-hornblende with depth. We propose that the dolerites at Hole 504B were altered in five stages. Stage 1 occurred at high temperatures (less than 500° to 700°C) and involved late-magmatic formation of Na- and Ti-rich diopside, the hydrothermal formation of Na, Ti-poor diopside and the hydrothermal formation of an assemblage of An-rich plagioclase + hornblende. Stage 2 occurred at lower temperatures (250°-320°C) and is characterized by the appearance of actinolite, chlorite, chlorite-smectite, and/or talc (in low permeability zones) and albite. During Stage 3, quartz and epidote precipitated from evolved hydrothermal fluids at temperatures between 310° and 320°C. Anhydrite appeared during Stage 4 and likely precipitated directly from heated seawater. Stage 5 occurred off-axis at low temperatures (250°C) with laumontite and prehnite from evolved fluids.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 77
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    In:  Supplement to: Gorton, Michael P; Schandl, Eva S; Naldrett, AJ (1995): Platinum group element (PGE) concentrations in a sheeted dike complex and geochemical changes during alteration of the lowermost part of a 2-km-thick oceanic crust, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 199-205, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.012.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Primary chemical heterogeneity in the sheeted dike complex in Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B makes these rocks unsuitable for conventional mass balance calculations in determining element mobility associated with hydrothermal alteration. Due to the original heterogeneity and variable degrees of fractionation in the dikes, an appropriate reference sample on which calculations can be based is difficult to find. Therefore, the use of incompatible element ratios is developed to evaluate geochemical changes during alteration(s). For example, on a Zr/Yb-La/Yb plot, scatter along a straight line suggests tapping of a variably depleted mantle source and deviation from the line suggests element mobility (gain or loss). Using this method, our data indicates that the hydrothermal evolution of the sheeted dike complex was accompanied by significant loss of Cu, Zn, and Ti and some loss of La. The sheeted dike complex has low platinum group element (PGE) concentrations and steep PGE patterns, typical of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) on the global scale. We propose that the unusual PGE patterns of MORBs cannot be entirely generated by a partial melting and sulfide segregation model; instead, these patterns in part must have been inherited from their mantle source. The Au data show no evidence for mobilization during hydrothermal alteration of the dikes.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 78
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    In:  Supplement to: Schandl, Eva S; Gorton, Michael P (1995): Phyllosilicate alteration of olivine in the lower sheeted dike complex, Leg 140, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 207-216, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.019.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Replacement minerals in olivine record the evolution of hydrothermal alteration between 1600 and 2000 mbsf in the sheeted dike complex in Hole 504B. 1. Talc (+ magnetite) rim on olivine represents the earliest alteration. Talc probably crystallized during initial cooling of the dikes. 2. The partial breakdown of talc to "deweylite“, a chaotic mixture of serpentine and Al-free stevensite, was facilitated by further cooling and a somewhat increased fluid:rock interaction in the dikes. 3. The presence of chlorite veins and the replacement of unaltered olivine cores, talc, and deweylite and of other silicates by chlorite suggest fracturing of the rocks during cooling (shrinkage cracks) and local influx of seawater into the dikes. 4. Late amphibole veins and locally extensive amphibole alteration indicate increasing temperature and the development of new sets of fractures, possibly due to the injection of fresh magma. Several generations of chlorite and amphibole veins are present in the dikes. Offset veins and the crack-seal texture within veins in the dikes suggest that the alteration cycle was probably repeated with the injection of each set of new dikes. Presently measured temperatures (195°C) at 2000 m depth in Hole 504B indicate that deweylite, which was previously considered a low-temperature mineral, can form well above its previously estimated crystallization temperature of 50°C.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 79
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    In:  Supplement to: Iturrino, Gerardo J; Christensen, Nikolas I; Becker, Keir; Boldreel, Lars O; Harvey, Peter K H; Pezard, Philippe A (1995): Physical properties and elastic constants of upper crustal rocks from core-log measurements in Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 273-291, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.031.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Seismic velocities have been measured at confining pressures of 100 MPa and 600 MPa for sheeted dike samples recovered during Ocean Drilling Program Legs 137 and 140. The compressional- and shear-wave velocities show an increase with depth at Hole 504B, which is in sharp contrast to the atmospheric pressure velocity measurements performed as part of the shipboard analyses. Rocks exposed to different types of alteration and fracture patterns show distinct changes in their physical properties. The seismic reflectors observed on the vertical seismic profile (VSP) experiment performed during Leg 111 may have been caused by low velocity zones resulting from alteration. The amount of fracturing and hydrothermal alteration in several zones also may have contributed to the acoustic impedance contrast necessary to produce the E5 reflector. Poisson's ratios calculated from laboratory velocity measurements show several low values at depths ranging from 1600 mbsf to 2000 mbsf, which tends to follow similar trends obtained from previous oceanic refraction experiments. A comparison of physical properties between samples recovered from Hole 504B and ophiolite studies in the Bay of Islands and Oman shows a good correlation with the Bay of Islands but significant differences from the measurements performed in the Oman complex.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 80
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    In:  Supplement to: Stokking, Laura B; Heise, Elizabeth A; Pariso, Janet E; Allerton, Simon A (1995): Data report: Magnetic mineralogy, major- and trace-element geochemistry, and rock magnetic properties of Hole 504B upper crustal rocks. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 327-337, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.029.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Leg 140 of the Ocean Drilling Program deepened Hole 504B to a total depth of 2000.4 m below seafloor (mbsf), making it the deepest hole drilled into ocean crust. Site 504, south of the Costa Rica Rift, is considered the most important in-situ reference section for the structure of shallow ocean crust. We present the results of studies of magnetic mineralogy and magnetic properties of Hole 504B upper crustal rocks recovered during Legs 137 and 140. Results from this sample set are consistent with those discussed in Pariso et al. (this volume) from Legs 111, 137, and 140. Coercivity (Hc) ranges from 5.3 to 27.7 mT (mean 12 mT), coercivity of remanence (HCR) ranges from 13.3 to 50.6 mT (mean 26 mT), and the ratio HCR/HC ranges from 1.6 to 3.19 (mean 2.13). Saturation magnetization (JS) ranges from 0.03 to 5.94 * 10**-6 Am**2, (mean 2.52 * 10**-6 Am**2), saturation remanence (JR) ranges from 0.01 to 0.58 * 10**-6 Am2 (mean 0.37 * 10**-6 Am**2), and the ratio JR/JS ranges from 0.08 to 0.29 (mean 0.16), consistent with pseudo-single-domain behavior. Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) intensity ranges from 0.029 to 7.18 A/m (mean 2.95 A/m), whereas RM10 intensity varies only from 0.006 to 4.8 A/m and has a mean of only 1.02 A/m. Anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) intensity ranges from 0.04 to 6.0 A/m, with a mean of 2.46 A/m, and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) intensity ranges from 0.5 to 1683 A/m, with a mean of 430.7 A/m. Volume susceptibility ranges from 0.0003 to 0.043 SI (mean 0.011 SI). In all samples examined, high-temperature oxidation of primary titanomagnetite has produced lamellae or pods of magnetite and ilmenite. Hydrothermal alteration has further altered the minerals in some samples to a mixture of magnetite, ilmenite, titanite, and a high-titanium mineral (either rutile or anatase). Electron microprobe analyses show that magnetite lamellae are enriched in the trivalent oxides Cr2O3, Al2O3, and V2O5, whereas divalent oxides (MnO and MgO) are concentrated in ilmenite lamellae.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 81
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    In:  Supplement to: Farrell, John W; Raffi, Isabella; Janecek, Thomas R; Murray, David W; Levitan, Mikhail A; Dadey, Kathleen A; Emeis, Kay-Christian; Lyle, Mitchell W; Flores, José-Abel; Hovan, Steven A (1995): Late Neogene sedimentation patterns in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 717-756, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.143.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The post-middle Miocene evolution of sedimentary patterns in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean has been deduced from a compilation and synthesis of CaCO3, opal, and nannofossil assemblage data from 11 sites drilled during Leg 138. Improvements in stratigraphic correlation and time scale development enabled the construction of lithostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic frameworks of exceptional quality. These frameworks, and the high sedimentation rates (often exceeding 4 cm/k.y.) provided a detailed and synoptic paleoceanographic view of a large and highly productive region. The three highlights that emerge are: (1) a middle late Miocene "carbonate crash" (Lyle et al., this volume); (2) a late Miocene-early Pliocene "biogenic bloom"; and (3) an early Pliocene "opal shift". During the carbonate crash, an interval of dissolution extending from -11.2 to 7.5 Ma, CaCO3 accumulation rates declined to near zero over much of the eastern equatorial Pacific, whereas opal accumulation rates remained substantially unchanged. The crash nadir, near 9.5 Ma, was marked by a brief shoaling of the regional carbonate compensation depth by more than 1400 m. The carbonate crash has been correlated over the entire tropical Pacific Ocean, and has been attributed to tectonically-induced changes in abyssal flow through the Panamanian seaway. The biogenic bloom extended from 6.7 to 4.5 Ma, and was characterized by an overall increase in biogenic accumulation and by a steepening of the latitudinal accumulation gradient toward the equator. The bloom has been observed over a large portion of the global ocean and has been linked to increased productivity. The final highlight, is a distinct and permanent shift in the locus of maximum opal mass accumulation rate at 4.4 Ma. This shift was temporally, and perhaps causally, linked to the final closure of the Panamanian seaway. Before 4.4 Ma, opal accumulation was greatest in the eastern equatorial Pacific Basin (near 0°N, 107°W). Since then, the highest opal fluxes in the equatorial Pacific have occurred in the Galapagos region (near 3°S, 92°W).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 82
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    In:  Supplement to: Oyun, S; Elderfield, Henry; Klinkhammer, Gary P (1995): Strontium isotopes in pore waters of east equatorial Pacific sediments: Indicators of seawater advection through oceanic crust and sediments. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 813-819, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.156.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Pore-water samples from the equatorial sedimentary bulge area show reversals in depth profiles of 87Sr/86Sr ratios at the sediment/basement interface. Results of this work support inferences made from previous pore-water data (from DSDP drilling in the area) that large-scale horizontal advection of seawater has occurred through the basement underlying the thick sedimentary sequence in this region. The area of apparent advection includes the eastern part of the equatorial high-productivity zone and part of the Guatemala Basin. We attempted to find links between the observed near-basement reversals in pore-water chemistry and sedimentary thickness, age, and topography of the area. Most of the sites that show horizontal advection have disturbed basement topography or outcrops within 10 to 20 km, suggesting that the cooling effects of outcrops may extend for at least 20 km horizontally. Heat-flow data from the area were compared to determine whether sites showing near-bottom chemistry reversals were consistent with areas of low conductive heat flow. This was generally true for the area of the sedimentary bulge and Guatemala Basin. Not enough pore-water data from the Nazca Plate were available to establish any reliable systematics. Because the high-productivity area is well-sealed from hydrothermal circulation, the missing heat must be lost by horizontal advective heat transport. From profiles of strontium isotopes and other elements that show departure from seawater values with increasing depth in the sediments, but return to seawater values near the basement, it appears that water flows relatively freely through much of the oceanic crust, even when sealed by considerable sedimentary cover.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 83
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    In:  Supplement to: Lyle, Mitchell W; Dadey, Kathleen A; Farrell, John W (1995): The late Miocene (11–8 Ma) eastern Pacific carbonate crash: evidence for reorganization of deep-water circulation by the closure of the Panama gateway. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 821-838, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.157.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: In the eastern and central Pacific Ocean the most profound change in Neogene calcium carbonate deposition occurred at the late/middle Miocene boundary (about 10 Ma), when carbonate mass accumulation rates (MARs) abruptly dropped. East of the East Pacific Rise (EPR), carbonate deposition essentially ceased. The carbonate compensation depth (CCD) in the Guatemala Basin, for example, rose by 800 m in less than 0.5 Ma. Even the rise crests suffered carbonate losses - Site 846, at the time less than 300 meters deeper than the EPR axis, experienced intervals between 10 and 9 Ma where no carbonate at all was buried. By about 8 Ma carbonate deposition resumed and was concentrated along an equatorial band, suggestive of high surface water carbonate production. East of the EPR, however, CCDs remained shallow since 10 Ma. This event which we have termed the late Miocene carbonate crash marks a fundamental paleoceanographic change that occurred in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Here, we document the changing pattern of carbonate deposition from 13 Ma to 5 Ma by using maps of carbonate MAR reconstructed from ODP Leg 138 and DSDP data. Comparisons to modern oceanographic conditions demonstrate that the late Miocene carbonate crash could not have been caused by an abrupt increase in productivity at 10 Ma or by loss of Corg from continental shelves. Instead it was probably caused by a relatively small reduction in deep-water exchange between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Panama Gateway prior to the emergence of the isthmus. A small restriction of deep-water exchange through this gateway is sufficient to radically change carbonate MARs in the eastern Pacific.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 84
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    In:  Supplement to: Schrag, Daniel P; DePaolo, Donald J; Richter, Frank M (1995): Reconstructing past sea surface temperatures; correcting for diagenesis of bulk marine carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(11), 2265-2278, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00105-9
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A numerical model which describes oxygen isotope exchange during burial and recrystallization of deep-sea carbonate is used to obtain information on how sea surface temperatures have varied in the past by correcting measured d18O values of bulk carbonate for diagenetic overprinting. Comparison of bulk carbonate and planktonic foraminiferal d18O records from ODP site 677A indicates that the oxygen isotopic composition of bulk carbonate does reflect changes in sea surface temperature and d18O. At ODP Site 690, we calculate that diagenetic effects are small, and that both bulk carbonate and planktonic foraminiferal d18O records accurately reflect Paleogene warming of high latitude surface oceans, biased from diagenesis by no more than 1°C. The same is likely to be true for other high latitude sites where sedimentation rates are low. At DSDP sites 516 and 525, the effects of diagenesis are more significant. Measured d18O values of Eocene bulk carbonates are more than 2‰ lower at deeply buried site 516 than at site 525, consistent with the model prediction that the effects of diagenesis should be proportional to sedimentation rate. Model-corrections reconcile the differences in the data between the two sites; the resulting paleotemperature reconstruction indicates a 4°C cooling of mid-latitude surface oceans since the Eocene. At low latitudes, the contrast in temperature between the ocean surface and bottom makes the carbonate d180 values particularly sensitive to diagenetic effects; most of the observed variations in measured d18O values are accounted for by diagenetic effects rather than by sea surface temperature variations. We show that the data are consistent with constant equatorial sea surface temperatures through most of the Cenozoic, with the possible exception of the early Eocene, when slightly higher temperatures are indicated. We suggest that the lower equatorial sea surface temperatures for the Eocene and Oligocene reported in other oxygen isotope studies are artifacts of diagenetic recrystallization, and that it is impossible to reconstruct accurately equatorial sea surface temperatures without explicitly accounting for diagenetic overprinting.
    Keywords: 111-677A; 130-807; 41-366; 72-516; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Joides Resolution; Leg111; Leg130; Leg41; Leg72; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic/CONT RISE
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  • 85
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    In:  Supplement to: Blanc, Gérard; Vitali, Frédéric; Stille, Peter (1995): Unusual diagenetic alteration of volcanoclastic sediments in the Tonga fore-arc: Evidence for chemical and strontium isotopic compositions of interstitial waters. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(22), 4633-4644, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00317-7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The depth variations in the major chemical components dissolved in interstitial waters from the Tonga margin (ODP Site 841) are much more pronounced than those usually observed in deep-sea sediments. The extensive alteration of volcanic Miocene sediments to secondary minerals such as analcime, clays, and thaumasite forms a CaCl2-rich brine. The brine results from a high exchange of Ca to Na, K, and Mg and an increase in Cl concentrations due to removal of H2O from the fluid during the authigenesis of hydrous minerals. The formation of thaumasite could have partly controlled the concentration of dissolved SO4, HCO3, and Ca in the Miocene sediments. The strontium isotopic signature of the interstitial water suggests that alteration of the volcanic Miocene sediments occurred a long time after sedimentation. A transient diffusion model indicates that molecular diffusion was not prevented by lithologic barriers and that the formation of secondary minerals in the Miocene sediment occurred over a short period of time (e.g.,〈/=1000 years). The extensive diagenetic processes in the Tonga margin were mostly caused by the recent intrusion of andesite sills and dikes into the Miocene sediments.
    Keywords: 135-841A; 135-841B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg135; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Pacific Ocean
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  • 86
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    In:  Supplement to: Mead, Gregory; Hodell, David A (1995): Controls on the 87Sr/86Sr composition of seawater from the middle Eocene to Oligocene: Hole 689B, Maud Rise, Antarctica. Paleoceanography, 10(2), 327-346, https://doi.org/10.1029/94PA03069
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A 87Sr/86Sr isotope curve of the middle Eocene to Oligocene was produced from analysis of foraminifera in Ocean Drilling Program Hole 689B, Maud Rise, near the coast of Antarctica. Sediments from the hole are well preserved with no evidence of diagenetic alteration. The sequence is nearly complete from 46.3 to 24.8 Ma, with an average sampling interval of 166 kyr. Excellent magnetostratigraphy in Hole 689B allows calibration to the geomagnetic polarity time scale of Cande and Kent (1992). Marine strontium isotopic ratios were nearly stable from 46.3 to 35.5 Ma, averaging near 0.70773, after which they began to increase. A slow increase began after 40.4 Ma, rising at a rate of only about 8*10**-6/m.y. from base values of 0.707707. From 35.5 Ma to 24.8 Ma the average slope increased to 40*10**-6/m.y. The slope remained constant at least until 24.8 Ma, when the record becomes discontinuous owing to unconformities. We evaluate several possible controls on the marine strontium isotope curve that could have led to the observed growth in 87Sr/86Sr ratios near the Eocene/Oligocene boundary. Three mechanisms are considered, including the onset of Antarctic glaciation, increased mountain building in the Himalayan-Tibetan region, and decreased hydrothermal activity. None of the mechanisms alone seems to adequately explain the increased 87Sr/86Sr ratios during the Oligocene. Glaciation as a weathering agent was too episodic and probably began too late to explain the upturn in marine 87Sr/86Sr ratios. There is evidence that uplift in the Himalayan-Tibetan region began in the Miocene, much too late to control Oligocene strontium isotope ratios. Lastly, hydrothermal flux changes since the Eocene were apparently not great enough alone to account for the rise in marine 87Sr/86Sr ratios. We suggest that a combination of causes, such as decreased hydrothermal activity perhaps followed by increased glaciation and mountain building, might best explain the growth of the marine 87Sr/86Sr curve during the Oligocene.
    Keywords: 113-689B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg113; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic Ocean
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  • 87
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    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, Meixun; Beveridge, N; Shackleton, Nicholas J; Sarnthein, Michael; Eglinton, Geoffrey (1995): Molecular stratigraphy, of cores off northwest Africa: Sea surface temperature history over the last 80 ka. Paleoceanography, 10(3), 661-675, https://doi.org/10.1029/94PA03354
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The molecular stratigraphy of Biogeochemical Oceanic Flux Study core 31K (19°N, 20°10'W) and Ocean Drilling Program Hole 658C (20°45'N, 18°35'W) has been studied for C37 alkenone abundances over the past 80 ka at high resolution (~circa 200-500 years). The derived Uk 37' sea surface temperature record for both cores shows a range of temperatures from about 18°C during the last glacial to 21.5°C during the early Holocene. Both records also reveal changes in sea surface temperature as much as 2°-4°C over a few hundred years, which correlate well with similar abrupt climatic changes observed in cores from elsewhere in the NE Atlantic, associated with 'Heinrich events'. Our results indicate that meltwater produced by these ice-rafting events was transmitted southward by the Canary Current, where it had considerable impact on sea surface temperatures in the subtropical eastern Atlantic.
    Keywords: 108-658C; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS31/1K; BOFS31#1; Canarias Sea; CD53; Charles Darwin; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; KAL; Kasten corer; Leg108; Northeast Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 88
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    In:  Supplement to: Christaras, Basiles (1995): Data report: Mechanical behavior of basalt from Costa Rica Rift, Hole 504B, Leg 137. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 247-351, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.033.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Core samples of basalt collected from Hole 504B during Leg 137 were investigated regarding their mechanical behavior. The rock samples were measured for hardness, compression strength, and modulus of elasticity. Abrasion loss of weight and Shore sclerometer methods were used for determining hardness. Static and dynamic methods were used for calculating modulus of elasticity. Test results were compared with shipboard measurements of ultrasonic velocity and dry-bulk density. Test results were interpreted statistically to provide data not only on mechanical behavior changes of the rock but also on the precision of the methods used.
    Keywords: 137-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg137; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 89
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    In:  Supplement to: Baldauf, Jack G; Iwai, Masao (1995): Neogene diatom biostratigraphy for the eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Leg 138. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 105-128, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.107.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 138 recovered more than 5500 m of Quaternary to middle Miocene (~17 Ma) sediments from 11 sites in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. These sediments represent the most complete stratigraphic sequence recovered since the start of scientific ocean drilling by the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and ODP. The diatoms observed generally are common to abundant and well-preserved throughout the samples examined. The assemblages are characterized by species typical of low-latitudes and regions of high surface-water productivity and are dominated by Thalassiothrix longissima, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Azpeitia nodulifer, and numerous species of Thalassiosira and Nitzschia. Fifty-six biostratigraphic events were identified at Sites 844 through 852, allowing us, in part, to use the diatom zonation of Barron (1985a). This zonation was modified by replacing the Rhizosolenia preabergonii Zone and the upper portion of the Nitzschia jouseae Zone, as used by Barron (1985a), with the Nitzschia marina and Nitzschia jouseae zones, as used by Baldauf (1984, 1987). Twenty-nine biostratigraphic events have been correlated to the Leg 138 paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Schneider (this volume). Nineteen of these events are well constrained to permit recalibration. Diatoms were rare or absent in samples examined from Sites 853 and 854. As such, these sites are not included in the following discussion.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 90
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    In:  Supplement to: Schneider, David A (1995): Paleomagnetism of some Leg 138 sediments: detailing Miocene magnetostratigraphy. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 59-72, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.105.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The aims of this study are twofold. First, the study tries to provide the most reliable chronology possible for two critical sections by correlating the magnetic polarity stratigraphy measured in these sediments with a newly revised geomagnetic polarity time scale. Second, this study attempts to examine in detail the nature of seven short events not included in the shipboard standard time scale, but for which abundant magnetostratigraphic evidence was obtained during the Leg. Data presented here force some modifications of the shipboard interpretations of the magnetostratigraphy of Sites 845 and 844 on the basis of new data generated using discrete samples and from a greater appreciation of the magnetostratigraphic signature of Miocene-age short events. Those short events can be classified into two groups: those that probably reflect short, full-polarity intervals and those that more likely represent an interval of diminished geomagnetic intensity. Three of the seven events documented here correspond well with three subtle features, as seen in marine magnetic profiles, that have been newly included in the geomagnetic polarity time scale as short, full-polarity chrons. One of the seven events corresponds to a poorly defined feature of the marine magnetic record that has also been newly included in the geomagnetic polarity time scale, but which was considered of enigmatic origin. The three remaining events investigated here, although they have not been identified with features in the seafloor magnetic record, are suggested to be events of a similar nature, most likely times of anomalously low geomagnetic intensity. In addition to the Miocene magnetostratigraphic results given, several sets of averaged paleomagnetic inclinations are presented. Although these results clearly show the effects of a residual coring overprint, they demonstrate that paleomagnetic estimates of paleolatitudes can be made which are in good general agreement with ancient site positions calculated using hot spot-based plate reconstructions.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 91
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    In:  Supplement to: Farrell, John W; Murray, David W; McKenna, V S; Ravelo, Ana Christina (1995): Upper ocean temperature and nutrient contrasts inferred from Pleistocene planktonic foraminifer d18O and d13C in the eastern Equatorial Pacific. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 289-319, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.115.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We present Pleistocene oxygen and carbon isotope records from two planktonic foraminifer species (Globigerinoides sacculifer and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei) from Ocean Drilling Program Site 847 (0°16'N, 95°19'W; 3334 m water depth). An average sample resolution of 4500 yr was obtained by sampling at an interval of 15 cm through a continuous 35-m section from 0 to 1.15 Ma. Our d18O-based chronology is similar to that derived independently by astronomically tuning the gamma-ray attenuation porosity evaluator (GRAPE) record (Shackleton et al., 1995), though offsets as large as ± 30 k.y. occur on occasion. The surface waters at eastern equatorial Pacific Site 847, 380 km west of the Galapagos, are characterized by strong and constant upwelling, elevated nutrient concentrations, and high productivity. The isotopic composition of G. sacculifer (300-355 µm) reflects conditions in the thin-surface mixed layer, and the composition of N. dutertrei (355-425 µm) monitors the subsurface waters of the permanent shallow (10-40 m) thermocline. The Pleistocene d18O difference (N. dutertrei minus G. sacculifer, Dd18Od-s) averages 0.9 per mil and ranges from 0 per mil to 1.7 per mil. Neglecting species effects and shell size, the average Pleistocene d13C difference (G. sacculifer minus N. dutertrei, Dd13Cs-d) is 0.0 per mil and ranges from -0.5 per mil to 0.5 per mil. The Dd18Od-s and Dd13Cs-d records are used to infer vertical contrasts in upper ocean water temperature and nutrient concentration, though d13C may also be influenced by other factors, such as CO2 gas exchange. Variations in the isotopic differences are often synchronous with glacial/interglacial climate change. Glacial periods are characterized by smaller vertical contrasts in both temperature and nutrient concentration, and by notably greater accumulation rates of N. dutertrei and CaCO3. We attribute these responses to greater upwelling at the equatorial divergence. Superimposed on the glacial/interglacial Dd18Od-s pattern is a long-term trend possibly associated with the advection of Peru Current waters. The temporal fluctuations in the isotopic contrasts are strikingly similar to those observed at Site 851 (Ravelo and Shackleton, this volume), suggesting that the inferred changes in thermal and chemical profiles occurred over a broad region in the equatorial Pacific.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 92
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    In:  Supplement to: Ravelo, Ana Christina; Shackleton, Nicholas J (1995): Evidence for surface-water circulation changes at Site 851 in the eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 503-514, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.126.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This study investigates changes in the upper water column hydrography at Site 851 of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean since the late Pliocene, using the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of three species of planktonic foraminifers, each calcifying at different depths in the photic zone. The upper ocean seasonal hydrography in this region responds to the seasonally changing trade winds and thus is expected to respond to past changes in trade winds. One major change occurs at about 1.5 Ma, when the thermocline adjusts from a deep position to a shallower position. The thermocline remains in a relatively shallow position throughout the record up to recent time, with slight variations occurring synchronously with glacial/interglacial stages. In glacials, SSTs are probably a few degrees cooler and the thermocline is slightly deeper. From our knowledge of seasonal and interannual adjustments of the thermocline in this location, a deeper thermocline might be interpreted as either a decrease in the strength of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) that results from lower mean wind strength or an increase in the Equatorial Countercurrent (ECC), which results from an increase in the strength of the southeasterly trade winds. A major shift from higher to lower carbon isotope values occurred at about 1.9 Ma, marking a transition to reduced planktonic-benthic d13C differences after 1.9 Ma. The carbon isotopic data indicate that changes in the carbon isotopic composition of intermediate upwelling water occurs at higher frequencies than the glacial/interglacial changes in ice volume.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 93
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    In:  Supplement to: Pisias, Nicklas G; Moore, Theodore C (1995): Radiolarian response to oceanographic changes in the eastern Equatorial Pacific at 2.3 and 4.8 Ma: Relationship between changing carbonate deposition and surface oceanography. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 461-478, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.124.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Two short time intervals centered at 2.3 and 4.7 Ma were studied to investigate short-term variations in surface-ocean processes as indicated by changes in the radiolarian microfossil population. These time intervals represent two different settings of late Neogene climate. The older interval represents a time when tropical circulation between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans was not blocked by the Isthmus of Panama, whereas the younger interval represents a time when Northern Hemisphere glaciation was present but did not display the dominance of the 100,000-yr cycle that characterizes the late Pleistocene. The younger time slice at 2.3 Ma was sampled at all Leg 138 sites except Site 844, where significant reworking was evident. All sites except 844, 853, and 854 were sampled for the older time slice. Samples were taken at 10- to 20-cm intervals at each site and spanned a GRAPE density maximum and minimum. Thus, it was possible to investigate whether the changes in carbonate content (as indicated by GRAPE density) were associated with changes in surface-ocean conditions (indicated by radiolarian assemblage variations). For both time slices, the radiolarian data indicate that intervals of decreased carbonate content are periods of cooler water conditions and possibly enhanced biogenic production. Times of increased carbonate content are associated with inferred warmer oceanographic conditions, as indicated by the dominance of tropical assemblages at 2.3 Ma and tropical and western Pacific assemblages during the time slice centered at 4.8 Ma. However, the spatial patterns of change during each time slice show a distinct difference in the mapped patterns of radiolarian assemblage dominance. The older time slice, representing a period before the closing of the Isthmus of Panama, shows more zonal patterns presumably associated with a more zonal character of equatorial circulation. After the closing of the isthmus, the shifts in faunal patterns between times of high and low carbonates are characterized by shifts in the dominance of the tropical and transitional assemblages, respectively, throughout the region.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 94
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    In:  Supplement to: Moore, Theodore C (1995): Radiolarian stratigraphy, Leg 138. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 191-232, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.111.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A group of 46 radiolarian species was used in this study of Leg 138 sites. The recovery of the sections was complete in the intervals that were cored using the APC system and nearly complete in the deeper sections. The northeastern sites (844 and 845) were sampled down through the middle Miocene into the uppermost part of the lower Miocene (middle part of the Calocycletta costata Zone). In the southeastern sites and those of the eastern transect (846 through 854) sediments were of late Miocene age (Diartus petterssoni Zone) and younger. Preservation of the radiolarian fauna was good to moderately good in most of the sites. Only in Sites 853 and 854 was the section older than late Pliocene barren of radiolarians. Reworked older radiolarians were found in the upper Miocene and Pliocene parts of the sections in most sites. Reworked upper Miocene radiolarians were even found in the upper Pliocene of Sites 853 and 854 where the upper Miocene part of the sections were barren of radiolarians. The development of an orbitally tuned time scale for the last 10 m.y. allowed the differentiation between radiolarian datums that appear to be synchronous (within 150,000 yr) in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean and those which appear to be diachronous. Of the 39 datums examined in this time interval, only 10 met this working definition of synchrony within the study area.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 34 datasets
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  • 95
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    In:  Supplement to: Filippelli, Gabriel M; Delaney, Margaret Lois (1995): Phosphorus geochemistry and accumulation rates in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean: results from Leg 138. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 757-767, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.144.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We determined phosphorus (P) concentrations in Leg 138 sediment samples from Sites 844, 846, and 851, using a sequential extraction technique to identify the P associated with five sedimentary components. Total concentrations of P (sum of the five components) ranged from 4 to 35 µmol P/g sediment, with mean values relatively similar between the three sites (11, 14, and 12 for Sites 844,846, and 851, respectively). Authigenic/biogenic P was the most important component in terms of percentage of total P (about 75%), with iron-bound P (13%), adsorbed P (2%-9%), and organic P (4%) of secondary importance; detrital P was a minor P sink (1%) in these sediments. Profiles of adsorbed P and iron-bound P show decreasing concentrations with age, indicating that these components have been affected by diagenesis and reorganization of P. A peak in iron-bound P may reflect higher fluxes of hydrothermally derived Fe to eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean sediments from 11 to 8 Ma. Lower detrital P values for western Site 851 reflect a greater distance of this site from a terrigenous source area, compared to that of Sites 844 and 846. Phosphorus mass accumulation rates (P-MARs; units of µmol P/cm**2/k.y.) were calculated using total P concentrations (not including the minor and oceanically unreactive detrital P component) and sedimentation rates and dry-bulk densities averaged over time intervals of 0.5 m.y. P-MARs generally decrease from 17 Ma to the present. Eastern transect Sites 844 and 846 display a decrease in P-MARs from about 30 to 10 in the interval from 17 to 8 Ma, while western transect Site 851 is highly variable during this interval. P-MARs increase to about 45 and stay relatively high from 8 to 6 Ma, then decrease toward the present to some of the lowest values of the record (about 10). The general trend of high P-MARs at about 6 Ma and decreasing values toward the present is correlated with other geochemical and sedimentary trends through this interval and may reflect (1) a change in net sediment and P burial, (2) a reorganization of fluxes with no change of net burial, or (3) a combination of the two.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 96
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Vincent, Edith; Toumarkine, M (1995): Data Report: Miocene planktonic foraminifers from the eastern equatorial Pacific. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 895-907, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.159.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Neogene calcareous sediments were recovered at 11 sites along two north-south transects in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 138. An overview of planktonic foraminifer distribution in these sediments was presented in Mayer, Pisias, Janecek, et al. (1992) based on a preliminary examination of core-catcher samples. In general, the preservation state of the foraminifers is poor throughout most of the sedimentary sequences, making this microfossil group here of much less value for biostratigraphy than other microfossil groups. Pliocene-Pleistocene planktonic foraminifers from several sites have been analyzed in great detail for their oxygen and carbon isotope composition in various high-resolution studies (Farrell et al., this volume; Mix et al., this volume; Ravello et al., this volume; Shackleton et al., this volume). Planktonic foraminiferal datums of biostratigraphic value have been identified in several of these studies. This report presents planktonic foraminiferal distribution in selected Miocene sediments.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 97
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Raffi, Isabella; Flores, José-Abel (1995): Pleistocene through Miocene calcareous nannofossils from eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 233-286, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.112.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the sediments retrieved during Leg 138 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean is presented and discussed. The sedimentary sequences stidoed, at 10 of the 11 sites drilled, span the stratigraphic interval from Pleistocene to upper (Sites 847 and 848) and middle Miocene (Sites 851, 852, and 853), and three extend to the upper part of the lower Miocene (Sites 844, 845, and 846). Most of the zonal boundaries of the 1973 zonation of Bukry and standard 1971 zonation of Martini are recognized and used for the biostratigraphic classification of these low-latitude sediments. Additional biostratigraphic events are discussed and in some intervals are used as secondary criteria for improving the biostratigraphic resolution. A further subdivision of upper Miocene Subzone CN9b of Okada and Bukry (1980) is proposed using the lowest and highest occurrences of Amaurolithus amplificus. Comments on the biochronology of calcareous nannofossils are given, with special reference to Miocene events, taking advantage of the very good magnetostratigraphy and orbitally tuned time scale produced for the Leg 138 sites.
    Keywords: 138-844; 138-845A; 138-845B; 138-846; 138-846B; 138-847B; 138-848; 138-848A; 138-848B; 138-848C; 138-849; 138-850B; 138-851; 138-852B; 138-852C; 138-853B; 138-853D; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg138; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Pacific Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 16 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 98
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McCartney, Kevin; Churchill, J H; Woestendiek, Linda (1995): Silicoflagellates and ebridians from Leg 138, eastern equatorial Pacific. In: Pisias, NG; Mayer, LA; Janecek, TR; Palmer-Julson, A; van Andel, TH (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 138, 129-162, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.108.1995
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The biostratigraphic distribution and abundance of middle Miocene to Pleistocene silicoflagellates is documented from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 138 Holes 844B, 847B, 848B, 849B, 850B, 85 IB, 852B, and 854B from the eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean. The silicoflagellates were generally abundant and well preserved and frequently exhibited an unusually large range of variation. The upper Miocene of near-equatorial sites includes an assemblage of Bachmannocena diodon nodosa, which includes a bridge across the width of the basal ring. Stratigraphically below this, at sites within 5° of the equator is a lengthy interval of specimens of Distephanus speculum tenuis, which have a fragile apical structure. Both the intervals of Bachmannocena diodon nodosa plexus and Distephanus speculum tenuis are biostratigraphically useful within 5° of the equator, but are less useful beyond that. An unusual range of variation also is observed for Dictyocha in the Pliocene sediments at about the point where D. perlaevis and D. messanensis appear in the geologic record. This variation may be explained by hybridization between diverging species.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 99
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard; Ravizza, Gregory E; Hofmann, Albrecht W (1995): The marine 187Os/186Os record of the past 80 million years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 130(1-4), 155-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(95)00003-U
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We report new 187Os/186Os data and Re and Os concentrations in metalliferous sediments from the Pacific to construct a composite Os isotope seawater evolution curve over the past 80 m.y. Analyses of four samples of upper Cretaceous age yield 187Os/186Os values of between 3 and 6.5 and 187Re/186Os values below 55. Mass balance calculations indicate that the pronounced minimum of about 2 in the Os isotope ratio of seawater at the K-T boundary probably reflects the enormous input of cosmogenic material into the oceans by the K-T impactor(s). Following a rapid recovery to 187Os/186Os of 3.5 at 63 Ma, data for the early and middle part of the Cenozoic show an increase in 187Os/186Os to about 6 at 15 Ma. Variations in the isotopic composition of leachable Os from slowly accumulating metalliferous sediments show large fluctuations over short time spans. In contrast, analyses of rapidly accumulating metalliferous carbonates do not exhibit the large oscillations observed in the pelagic clay leach data. These results together with sediment leaching experiments indicate that dissolution of non-hydrogenous Os can occur during the hydrogen peroxide leach and demonstrate that Os data from pelagic clay leachates do not always reflect the Os isotopic composition of seawater. New data for the late Cenozoic further substantiate the rapid increase in the 187Os/186Os of seawater during the past 15 Ma. We interpret the correlation between the marine Sr and Os isotope records during this time period as evidence that weathering within the drainage basin of the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system is responsible for driving seawater Sr and Os toward more radiogenic isotopic compositions. The positive correlation between 87Sr/86Sr and U concentration, the covariation of U and Re concentrations, and the high dissolved Re, U and Sr concentrations found in the Ganges-Brahmaputra river waters supports this interpretation. Accelerating uplift of many orogens worldwide over the past 15 Ma, especially during the last 5 Ma, could have contributed to the rapid increase in 187Os/186Os from 6 to 8.5 over the past 15 Ma. Prior to 15 Ma the marine Sr and Os record are not tightly coupled. The heterogeneous distribution of different lithologies within eroding terrains may play an important role in decoupling the supplies of radiogenic Os and Sr to the oceans and account for the periods of decoupling of the marine Sr and Os isotope records.
    Keywords: 129-801A; 16-162; 20-196; 34-319; 35-323; 5-39; 8-74; 91-596; 92-597; 9-77B; AGE; Antarctic Ocean/PLAIN; Calculated; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Elevation of event; Event label; Glomar Challenger; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Leg129; Leg16; Leg20; Leg34; Leg35; Leg5; Leg8; Leg9; Leg91; Leg92; Longitude of event; North Pacific/ABYSSAL FLOOR; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/HILL; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Osmium; Osmium-187/Osmium-186, error; Osmium-187/Osmium-186 ratio; Osmium-187/Osmium-188, error; Osmium-187/Osmium-188 ratio; Rhenium; Rhenium-187/Osmium-186 ratio; Sample code/label; Sample comment; South Pacific; South Pacific/BASIN; Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 321 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 100
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Widmark, Joen G V (1995): Multiple deep-water sources and trophic regimes in the latest Cretaceous deep sea: evidence from benthic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 26(1-4), 361-384, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(95)00005-4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Benthic foraminifera from 24 DSDP/ODP sites were investigated to assess their global horizontal and vertical distribution in the deep-sea environment at the end of the Cretaceous period. The samples analyzed are from the late Maastrichtian and within the planktic foraminiferal Abathomphus mayaroensis Zone from a wide range of oceans and paleolatitudes, including the low-latitude Sites 10 and 384 (Atlantic Ocean), 47, 171, 305, and 465 (Pacific Ocean), the mid-latitude Sites 20, 111, 356, 363, 516, 525, 527, 548, and 605 (Atlantic Ocean), 216, 217, and 758 (Indian Ocean), and the high-latitude Sites 208 (Pacific Ocean), 689,698,700,738 and 750 (Southern Ocean). Correspondence analysis, based on the 75 most common taxa, shows a clear biogeographic trend along the first correspondence axis by arranging the sites in paleolatitudinal order. The assemblages from the Tethyan Realm (i.e., low latitudes) are marked by abundant heavily calcified buliminids (such as Bulimina incisa, B. trinitatensis, B. velascoensis, and Reussella szajnochae) and Aragonia spp., whereas high-latitude faunas are characterized by abundant Alabamina creta, Gyroidinoides quadratus, and Pullenia coryelli. The results indicate that the faunas at low and high latitudes, respectively, were influenced by quite different environmental conditions. This is based on the much higher abundance of infaunal morphotypes at low and mid latitudes compared to high latitudes, suggesting that the biogeographic trend found in the data set coincides with the trophic regime at the various sites. The results also provide support for the hypothesis that postulates two simultaneous sources and mechanisms for deep-water formation during the Late Cretaceous, including warm, saline deep water produced by evaporation at low (equatorial) latitudes in contrast to the formation of cold deep waters at high (southern) latitudes.
    Keywords: 113-689B; 114-698A; 114-700B; 119-738C; 120-750A; 12-111A; 121-758A; 17-171; 2-10; 21-205; 21-208; 22-216; 22-217; 3-20C; 39-356; 40-363; 43-384; 62-465A; 6-47B; 72-516F; 74-525A; 74-527; 80-548A; 93-605; Comment; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Distance, relative; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Elevation of event; Event label; Foraminifera, benthic; Glomar Challenger; Indian Ocean; Indian Ocean//RIDGE; Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Leg113; Leg114; Leg119; Leg12; Leg120; Leg121; Leg17; Leg2; Leg21; Leg22; Leg3; Leg39; Leg40; Leg43; Leg6; Leg62; Leg72; Leg74; Leg80; Leg93; Longitude of event; North Atlantic; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Atlantic/KNOLL; North Atlantic/RIDGE; North Atlantic/SPUR; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/GUYOT; North Pacific/PLATEAU; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; South Atlantic; South Atlantic/CONT RISE; South Atlantic/CREST; South Atlantic/PLATEAU; South Atlantic/RIDGE; South Atlantic/VALLEY; South Atlantic Ocean; South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean; South Pacific/BASIN; South Pacific/Tasman Sea/CONT RISE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 404 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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