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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2,612)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1990-1994  (2,612)
  • 1992  (2,612)
  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: The fluorescent dyes FM1-43 and RH414 label motor nerve terminals in an activity-dependent fashion that involves dye uptake by synaptic vesicles that are recycling. This allows optical monitoring of vesicle recycling in living nerve terminals to determine how recycled vesicles reenter the vesicle pool. The results suggest that recycled vesicles mix with the pool morphologically and functionally. One complete cycle of release of transmitter, recycling of a vesicle, and rerelease of transmitter appears to take about 1 minute.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Betz, W J -- Bewick, G S -- NS10207/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS23466/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):200-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials ; Fluorescent Dyes ; In Vitro Techniques ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Pyridinium Compounds ; *Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; Ranidae ; Synaptic Vesicles/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Time Factors
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1992-07-03
    Description: Osteoclasts, the cells that resorb bone, develop from hematopoietic precursors of the bone marrow under the control of factors produced in their microenvironment. The cytokine interleukin-6 can promote hematopoiesis and osteoclastogenesis. Interleukin-6 production by bone and marrow stromal cells is suppressed by 17 beta-estradiol in vitro. In mice, estrogen loss (ovariectomy) increased the number of colony-forming units for granulocytes and macrophages, enhanced osteoclast development in ex vivo cultures of marrow, and increased the number of osteoclasts in trabecular bone. These changes were prevented by 17 beta-estradiol or an antibody to interleukin-6. Thus, estrogen loss results in an interleukin-6-mediated stimulation of osteoclastogenesis, which suggests a mechanism for the increased bone resorption in postmenopausal osteoporosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jilka, R L -- Hangoc, G -- Girasole, G -- Passeri, G -- Williams, D C -- Abrams, J S -- Boyce, B -- Broxmeyer, H -- Manolagas, S C -- AI21761/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AR41313/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- CA36464/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 3;257(5066):88-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1621100" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Immunoglobulin G ; Interleukin-6/immunology/*physiology ; Mice ; Osteoclasts/*cytology/drug effects ; *Ovariectomy ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Spleen/cytology ; Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739902" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):603.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17740718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: Fluoropolymers are used in many technologically demanding applications because of their balance of high-performance properties. A significant impediment to the synthesis of variants of commercially available amorphous fluoropolymers is their general insolubility in most solvents except chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The environmental concerns about CFCs can be circumvented by preparing these technologically important materials in supercritical fluids. The homogeneous solution polymerization of highly fluorinated acrylic monomers can be achieved in supercritical carbon dioxide by using free radical methods. In addition, detailed decomposition rates and efficiency factors were measured for azobisisobutyronitrile in supercritical carbon dioxide and were compared to those obtained with conventional liquid solvents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Desimone, J M -- Guan, Z -- Elsbernd, C S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):945-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17789638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):163.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dietary Proteins ; *Food Preferences ; Humans ; South America ; *Tropical Climate
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 17;255(5042):282.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17779567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):20-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: The photograph accompanying the News item "MIT techies help keep the America's Cup" (Random Samples, 29 May, p. 1277) shows the boat Stars and Stripes, not America(3), as was stated in the caption.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):599.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17740715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1992-10-23
    Description: Recent radar observations of Mercury have revealed the presence of anomalous radar reflectivity and polarization features near its north and south poles. Thermal model calculations show that, despite Mercury's proximity to the sun, the temperatures of flat, low-reflectivity surfaces at Mercury's poles are not expected to exceed 167 kelvin. The locations of the anomalous polar radar features appear to be correlated with the locations of large, high-latitude impact craters. Maximum surface temperatures in the permanently shadowed regions of these craters are expected to be significantly colder, as low as 60 kelvin in the largest craters. These results are consistent with the presence of water ice, because at temperatures lower than 112 kelvin, water ice should be stable to evaporation over time scales of billions of years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paige, D A -- Wood, S E -- Vasavada, A R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 23;258(5082):643-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17748900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-24
    Description: Synaptic plasticity can be triggered by calcium flux into neurons through synaptically activated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels. The amplitude and time course of the resulting intracellular calcium transient depend on the number of open NMDA receptor channels and the kinetics of their activation. Short applications of L-glutamate to outside-out patches from hippocampal neurons in the presence and absence of MK-801 revealed that about 30 percent of L-glutamate-bound channels are open at the peak of the current. This high probability of opening suggests that very few channels are required to guarantee a large, localized postsynaptic calcium transient.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jahr, C E -- NS21419/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 24;255(5043):470-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vollum Institute L474, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1346477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology ; Glutamates/*physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hippocampus/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*physiology
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: In response to visual stimulation, cells of the cat visual cortex fire rhythmically at frequencies between 30 and 60 hertz. This rhythmic firing can be synchronized among cells in widespread areas of the visual cortex. The visual stimulus conditions under which this process occurs suggest that the synchronization may contribute to the integration of information across broadly displaced parts of the visual field. An intricate mechanism must control the regularity of firing and its synchronization. In vivo whole-cell patch recordings from cells in area 17 have now shown that robust oscillations of membrane potential underlie the regularity of firing seen extracellularly. In the cells studied, the characteristics of the oscillations of membrane potential suggest that such oscillations are produced by rhythmic activity in synaptic inputs. These rhythmic synaptic inputs form the most likely mechanism for the synchronization of activity in neighboring cortical cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jagadeesh, B -- Gray, C M -- Ferster, D -- R01 EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R29 EY08686/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):552-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1636094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; *Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Membrane Potentials ; Photic Stimulation ; Time Factors ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Fields
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luckhardt, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):560-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1992-10-09
    Description: During early development of the mammalian cerebral cortex, young neurons migrate outward from the site of their final mitosis in the ventricular zone into the cortical plate, where they form the adult cortex. Time-lapse confocal microscopy was used to observe directly the dynamic behaviors of migrating cells in living slices of developing cortex. The majority of cells migrated along a radial pathway, consistent with the view that cortical neurons migrate along radial glial fibers. A fraction of cells, however, turned within the intermediate zone and migrated orthogonal to the radial fibers. This orthogonal migration may contribute to the tangential dispersion of clonally related cortical neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Rourke, N A -- Dailey, M E -- Smith, S J -- McConnell, S K -- EY06314/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- NS09027/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28587/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 9;258(5080):299-302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carbocyanines ; Cell Movement ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*growth & development ; Culture Techniques ; Ferrets ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Microscopy ; Neurons/*physiology ; Vimentin/immunology
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1992-11-13
    Description: When glycine418 of Escherichia coli glutathione reductase, which is in a closely packed region of the dimer interface, is replaced with a bulky tryptophan residue, the enzyme becomes highly cooperative (Hill coefficient 1.76) for glutathione binding. The cooperativity is lost when the mutant subunit is hybridized with a wild-type subunit to create a heterodimer. The mutation appears to disrupt atomic packing at the dimer interface, which induces a change of kinetic mechanism. A single mutation in a region of the protein remote from the active site can thus act as a molecular switch to confer cooperativity on an enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scrutton, N S -- Deonarain, M P -- Berry, A -- Perham, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 13;258(5085):1140-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology/genetics ; Genes, Bacterial ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Glutathione Reductase/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Glycine/chemistry ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; *Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; NADP/metabolism ; Plasmids ; Protein Multimerization ; Tryptophan/chemistry
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉A, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1508.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17836308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waller, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 15;256(5059):1055-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17795025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):481.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: Micromachining allows the formation of micrometer-sized regions of bare gold on the surface of a gold film supporting a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkanethiolate. A second SAM forms on the micromachined surfaces when the entire system-the remaining undisturbed gold-supported SAM and the micromachined features of bare gold-is exposed to a solution of dialkyl disulfide. By preparing an initial hydrophilic SAM from HS(CH(2))(15)COOH, micromachining features into this SAM, and covering these features with a hydrophobic SAM formed from [CH(3)(CH(2))(11)S](2), it is possible to construct micrometer-scale hydrophobic lines in a hydrophilic surface. These lines provide new structures with which to manipulate the shapes of liquid drops.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abbott, N L -- Folkers, J P -- Whitesides, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1380-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17738280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1992-07-10
    Description: The technique of whole-genome polymerase chain reaction was used to study the DNA binding properties of the product of the wt1 gene. The zinc finger region of this gene is alternatively spliced such that the major transcript encodes a protein with three extra amino acids between the third and fourth fingers. The minor form of the protein binds specifically to DNA. It is now shown that the major form of wt1 messenger RNA encodes a protein that binds to DNA with a specificity that differs from that of the minor form. Therefore, alternative splicing within the DNA binding domain of a transcription factor can generate proteins with distinct DNA binding specificities and probably different physiological targets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bickmore, W A -- Oghene, K -- Little, M H -- Seawright, A -- van Heyningen, V -- Hastie, N D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 10;257(5067):235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1321494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites/*genetics ; Binding, Competitive ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic ; WT1 Proteins ; Wilms Tumor/*genetics ; Zinc Fingers/genetics
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  • 21
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 2;258(5079):25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17835884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 28;257(5074):1201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17742748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-11-06
    Description: The HM1 gene in maize controls both race-specific resistance to the fungus Cochliobolus carbonum race 1 and expression of the NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)-dependent HC toxin reductase (HCTR), which inactivates HC toxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide produced by the fungus to permit infection. Several HM1 alleles were generated and cloned by transposon-induced mutagenesis. The sequence of wild-type HM1 shares homology with dihydroflavonol-4-reductase genes from maize, petunia, and snap-dragon. Sequence homology is greatest in the beta alpha beta-dinucleotide binding fold that is conserved among NADPH- and NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent reductases and dehydrogenases. This indicates that HM1 encodes HCTR.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johal, G S -- Briggs, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 6;258(5084):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biotechnology Research, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Johnston, IA 50131.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1359642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/chemistry/genetics ; *Genes, Plant ; *Helminthosporium ; Introns ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NADP/pharmacology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oxidoreductases/chemistry/*genetics ; Peptides, Cyclic/antagonists & inhibitors ; *Plant Diseases ; *Plant Proteins ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Zea mays/enzymology/*genetics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉A, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 19;256(5064):1626-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17841081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: A cell-free system has been developed that executes centriole duplication. Surf clam (Spisula solidissima) oocytes, arrested at late prophase of meiosis I, do not contain centrioles, centrosomes, or asters. Serial section high-voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) of asters and spindles isolated from potassium chloride-activated oocytes indicates that within 4 minutes oocytes assemble a single centriole that is duplicated by 15 minutes when assembly of the first meiotic spindle is complete. A mixture of lysates from unactivated oocytes and potassium chloride-activated oocytes induces centriole formation and duplication. Astral microtubule content in these lysate mixtures increases with time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palazzo, R E -- Vaisberg, E -- Cole, R W -- Rieder, C L -- R01-40198/PHS HHS/ -- R01-43264/PHS HHS/ -- RR 01219/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):219-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bivalvia ; Cell-Free System ; Centrioles/*ultrastructure ; Female ; Meiosis ; Microscopy, Electron ; Oocytes/cytology/*ultrastructure ; Prophase ; Tubulin/analysis
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Serwer, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1464.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17791615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: New physics occurs in semiconductors when one or more dimensions of the crystal are reduced to a size comparable to bulk electron delocalization lengths (tens to hundreds of angstroms). The properties of "quantum dots" or semiconductor nanocrystals are now being studied, as techniques to fabricate the crystallites are developed. Temperature-dependent electron diffraction studies on nanocrystals of CdS show a large depression in the melting temperature with decreasing size, as a larger fraction of the total number of atoms is on the surface. Thermal stability may play a role in determining the uses of semiconductor nanocrystals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldstein, A N -- Echer, C M -- Alivisatos, A P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1425-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17791609" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):615.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*diagnosis/psychology ; Humans ; *Sexual Behavior
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-02-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abele, L G -- DeBry, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 21;255(5047):903.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1312252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Dentistry ; Ethics ; Florida ; *HIV-1/genetics ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Lawyers ; Professional Misconduct ; United States
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1992-10-09
    Description: The slip rate of a fault segment is related to the length of the fault zone of which it is part. In turn, the slip rate of a fault zone is related to its connectivity with adjoining or contiguous fault zones. The observed variation in slip rate on fault segments in the San Francisco Bay area in California is consistent with connectivity between the Hayward, Calaveras, and San Andreas fault zones. Slip rates on the southern Hayward fault taper northward from a maximum of more than 10 millimeters per year and are sensitive to the active length of the Maacama fault.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bilham, R -- Bodin, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 9;258(5080):281-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17835127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 2;258(5079):24-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17835883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 11;257(5076):1472-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1523403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Vaccines ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*prevention & control ; HIV/immunology ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Recombinant Proteins ; Safety ; United States ; Vaccines, Synthetic
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 1992-03-06
    Description: The rotational dynamics of C(60) in the solid state have been investigated with carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR). The relaxation rate due to chemical shift anisotropy (1/9T1(CSA)(1)) was precisely measured from the magnetic field dependence of T(1), allowing the molecular reorientational correlation time, tau, to be determined. At 283 kelvin, tau = 9.1 picoseconds; with the assumption of diffusional reorientation this implies a rotational diffusion constant D = 1.8 x 10(10) per second. This reorientation time is only three times as long as the calculated tau for free rotation and is shorter than the value measured for C(60) in solution (15.5 picoseconds). Below 260 kelvin a second phase with a much longer reorientation time was observed, consistent with recent reports of an orientational phase transition in solid C(60). In both phases tau showed Arrhenius behavior, with apparent activation energies of 1.4 and 4.2 kilocalories per mole for the high-temperature (rotator) and low-temperature (ratchet) phases, respectively. The results parallel those found for adamantane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, R D -- Yannoni, C S -- Dorn, H C -- Salem, J R -- Bethune, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 6;255(5049):1235-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17816831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Publication Date: 1992-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, K H -- Clougherty, D P -- McHenry, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 20;255(5051):1490.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17820141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Description: Beginning in January 1990, the epicenters of microearthquakes associated with a 12-month increase in seismicity near Parkfield, California, moved northwest to southeast along the San Andreas fault. During this sequence of events, the locally variable rate of cumulative seismic moment increased. This increase implies a local increase in fault slip. These data suggest that a southeastwardly diffusing stress front propagated along the San Andreas fault at a speed of 30 to 50 kilometers per year. Evidently, this front did not load the Parkfield asperities fast enough to produce a moderate earthquake; however, a future front might do so.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malin, P E -- Alvarez, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 15;256(5059):1005-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17795004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):480.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 1992-08-28
    Description: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the periphery is commonly accepted as the primary mechanism by which these agents produce a selective attenuation of pain (analgesia). NSAIDs are now shown to exert a direct spinal action by blocking the excessive sensitivity to pain (hyperalgesia) induced by the activation of spinal glutamate and substance P receptors. These findings demonstrate that the analgesic effects of NSAIDs can be dissociated from their anti-inflammatory actions. Spinal prostanoids are thus critical for the augmented processing of pain information at the spinal level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malmberg, A B -- Yaksh, T L -- DA02110/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 28;257(5074):1276-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0818.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1381521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glutamates/*physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hyperalgesia/*drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Ibotenic Acid/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Injections, Spinal ; N-Methylaspartate/pharmacology ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/*physiology ; Quinoxalines/pharmacology ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*physiology ; Receptors, Tachykinin ; Substance P/pharmacology ; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodstein, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 27;258(5087):1503-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17755111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1388.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17801226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1390.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1542787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Endoribonucleases/*metabolism ; Introns/*physiology ; RNA Precursors/*metabolism ; RNA Splicing/*physiology ; RNA, Transfer/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):739.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496391" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Crime ; Female ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Male ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services ; *Violence
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):876.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Emigration and Immigration ; Government Agencies ; *HIV Infections/prevention & control ; *HIV Seropositivity ; Humans ; *Politics ; Prejudice ; Travel ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: The entire protein sequence database has been exhaustively matched. Definitive mutation matrices and models for scoring gaps were obtained from the matching and used to organize the sequence database as sets of evolutionarily connected components. The methods developed are general and can be used to manage sequence data generated by major genome sequencing projects. The alignments made possible by the exhaustive matching are the starting point for successful de novo prediction of the folded structures of proteins, for reconstructing sequences of ancient proteins and metabolisms in ancient organisms, and for obtaining new perspectives in structural biochemistry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonnet, G H -- Cohen, M A -- Benner, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1443-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Scientific Computation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1604319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amino Acid Sequence ; *Databases, Factual ; Mathematics ; Proteins/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: Diacylglycerols, which are generated during phospholipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipids, stimulated actin polymerization in the presence of highly purified plasma membranes from the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. The increased rate of actin polymerization apparently resulted from de novo formation of actin nucleation sites rather than uncapping of existing filament ends, because the membranes lacked detectable endogenous actin. The increased actin nucleation was mediated by a peripheral membrane component other than protein kinase C, the classical target of diacylglycerol action. These results indicate that diacylglycerols increase actin nucleation at plasma membranes and suggest a mechanism whereby signal transduction pathways may control cytoskeletal assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shariff, A -- Luna, E J -- GM-33048/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM033048/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):245-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell Biology Group, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shresbury, MA 01545.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1373523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/*metabolism ; Alkaloids/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/*metabolism ; Dictyostelium/*metabolism ; Diglycerides/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Naphthalenes ; Polycyclic Compounds/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors ; Staurosporine ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Time Factors
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1035.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1509251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; Industry ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):474-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):741.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Management Audit ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 48
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):465.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: Convergence across the San Andreas fault (SAF) system is partitioned between strike-slip motion on the vertical SAF and oblique-slip motion on parallel dip-slip faults, as illustrated by the recent magnitude M(s) = 6.0 Palm Springs, M(s) = 6.7 Coalinga, and M(s) = 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquakes. If the partitioning of slip minimizes the work done against friction, the direction of slip during these recent earthquakes depends primarily on fault dip and indicates that the normal stress coefficient and frictional coefficient (micro) vary among the faults. Additionally, accounting for the active dip-slip faults reduces estimates of fault slip rates along the vertical trace of the SAF by about 50 percent in the Loma Prieta and 100 percent in the North Palm Springs segments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, C H -- Wesnousky, S G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):83-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17802597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: Hypoxia has been shown to elicit behavioral hypothermia in a number of different metazoan species, all with nervous systems. The protozoan, Paramecium caudatum, has no nervous system and was not expected to display behavioral hypothermia. However, this species was also found to select a lower temperature in a thermal gradient under hypoxic conditions. This response proved to be beneficial as survival of hypoxic paramecia was greatly increased at lower temperatures. This unicellular species may provide a useful model to investigate the cellular and molecular basis of adaptive thermoregulatory behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malvin, G M -- Wood, S C -- HL-38942/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-40537/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1423-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Oxygen Transport Program, Lovelace Medical Foundation, Albuquerque, NM 87108.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1542790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Body Temperature Regulation/physiology ; Oxygen/physiology ; Paramecium/*physiology
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1992-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, J H -- Capobianco, C J -- Drake, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 28;257(5074):1281-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17742758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):461.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bishop, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Newspapers as Topic/standards ; Periodicals as Topic/*standards ; Publishing/*standards ; Quackery ; Science/*standards ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 24;255(5043):395-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17842882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 55
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-12-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 11;258(5089):1715.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17831639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):476-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1636080" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Research/*standards ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 57
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gori, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):427.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1510756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Nicotine ; Smoking/*adverse effects ; *Substance-Related Disorders
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-12-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Black, F L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 11;258(5089):1739-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1465610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA/genetics ; *Disease Susceptibility ; Europe ; Genes, MHC Class I ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; *Indians, North American ; *Mortality ; North America
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-05-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graff, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 1;256(5057):616-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 1992-10-30
    Description: An improved quantum Monte Carlo method has been used to calculate the classical barrier height for the hydrogen exchange reaction H + H(2) --〉 H(2) + H with accuracies greater than previously attained. The method is exact in that, except for the easily estimated Monte Carlo statistical or sampling error, it requires no mathematical approximations or physical approximations beyond those of the Schrodinger equation. The minimum in the barrier, occurring for the collinear nuclear configuration with the protons separated by 1.757 bohrs, was found to be 9.61 +/- 0.01 kilocalories per mole above H + H(2).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diedrich, D L -- Anderson, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 30;258(5083):786-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17777031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1992-10-16
    Description: The corpse of a Late Neolithic individual found in a glacier in Oetztal is unusual because of the intact nature of all body parts that resulted from the characteristics of its mummification process and its protected geographical position with regard to glacier flow. Anthropological data indicate that the man was 25 to 40 years old, was between 156 and 160 centimeters in stature, had a cranial capacity of between 1500 and 1560 cubic centimeters, and likely died of exhaustion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidler, H -- Bernhard, W -- Teschler-Nicola, M -- Platzer, W -- zur Nedden, D -- Henn, R -- Oberhauser, A -- Sjovold, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 16;258(5081):455-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Humanbiologie, Universitat Wien, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Austria ; Ear/anatomy & histology ; Freezing ; History, Ancient ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; *Mummies ; Skull/anatomy & histology
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission from infected patients to health-care workers has been well documented, but transmission from an infected health-care worker to a patient has not been reported. After identification of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient who had no known risk factors for HIV infection but who had undergone an invasive procedure performed by a dentist with AIDS, six other patients of this dentist were found to be HIV-infected. Molecular biologic studies were conducted to complement the epidemiologic investigation. Portions of the HIV proviral envelope gene from each of the seven patients, the dentist, and 35 HIV-infected persons from the local geographic area were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Three separate comparative genetic analyses--genetic distance measurements, phylogenetic tree analysis, and amino acid signature pattern analysis--showed that the viruses from the dentist and five dental patients were closely related. These data, together with the epidemiologic investigation, indicated that these patients became infected with HIV while receiving care from a dentist with AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ou, C Y -- Ciesielski, C A -- Myers, G -- Bandea, C I -- Luo, C C -- Korber, B T -- Mullins, J I -- Schochetman, G -- Berkelman, R L -- Economou, A N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1165-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood/microbiology/*transmission ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Viral/blood/genetics/isolation & purification ; *Dentistry ; Female ; Florida ; Genetic Variation ; HIV Infections/microbiology/*transmission ; HIV-1/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/physiology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; *Patients ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidensticker, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 20;255(5051):1588-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17820176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):822.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Villa, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1420-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17738282" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 1992-03-20
    Description: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest reservoir of reduced carbon in the oceans. The nature of DOM is poorly understood, in part, because it has been difficult to isolate sufficient amounts of representative material for analysis. Tangential-flow ultrafiltration was shown to recover milligram amounts of 〉1000 daltons of DOM from seawater collected at three depths in the North Pacific Ocean. These isolates represented 22 to 33 percent of the total DOM and included essentially all colloidal material. The elemental, carbohydrate, and carbon-type (by (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance) compositions of the isolates indicated that the relative abundance of polysaccharides was high ( approximately 50 percent) in surface water and decreased to approximately 25 percent in deeper samples. Polysaccharides thus appear to be more abundant and reactive components of seawater DOM than has been recognized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benner, R -- Pakulski, J D -- McCarthy, M -- Hedges, J I -- Hatcher, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 20;255(5051):1561-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17820170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaron, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):861-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Interinstitutional Relations ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: Observations of galaxy-galaxy and cluster-cluster correlations as well as other large-scale structure can be fit with a "limited" fractal with dimension D approximately 1.2. This is not a "pure" fractal out to the horizon: the distribution shifts from power law to random behavior at some large scale. If the observed patterns and structures are formed through an aggregation growth process, the fractal dimension D can serve as an interesting constraint on the properties of the stochastic motion responsible for limiting the fractal structure. In particular, it is found that the observed fractal should have grown from two-dimensional sheetlike objects such as pancakes, domain walls, or string wakes. This result is generic and does not depend on the details of the growth process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luo, X -- Schramm, D N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):513-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1992-11-20
    Description: The April to June 1992 Landers earthquake sequence in southern California modified the state of stress along nearby segments of the San Andreas fault, causing a 50-kilometer segment of the fault to move significantly closer to failure where it passes through a compressional bend near San Gorgonio Pass. The decrease in compressive normal stress may also have reduced fluid pressures along that fault segment. As pressures are reequilibrated by diffusion, that fault segment should move closer to failure with time. That fault segment and another to the southeast probably have not ruptured in a great earthquake in about 300 years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaume, S C -- Sykes, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 20;258(5086):1325-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778355" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davies, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉P, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1353.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17801203" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-10-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 30;258(5083):723.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17777012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gimeno, C J -- Fink, G R -- GM35010/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM40266/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):626.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Division ; Diploidy ; Haploidy ; Mitosis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bennett, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):752-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):219-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17756074" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 76
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):981-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17789641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1992-07-10
    Description: Synaptic vesicles store neurotransmitters that are released during calcium-regulated exocytosis. The specificity of neurotransmitter release requires the localization of both synaptic vesicles and calcium channels to the presynaptic active zone. Two 35-kilodalton proteins (p35 or syntaxins) were identified that interact with the synaptic vesicle protein p65 (synaptotagmin). The p35 proteins are expressed only in the nervous system, are 84 percent identical, include carboxyl-terminal membrane anchors, and are concentrated on the plasma membrane at synaptic sites. An antibody to p35 immunoprecipitated solubilized N-type calcium channels. The p35 proteins may function in docking synaptic vesicles near calcium channels at presynaptic active zones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bennett, M K -- Calakos, N -- Scheller, R H -- 2T32G07365/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 10;257(5067):255-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1321498" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antigens, Surface ; *Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Immunoblotting ; Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Synaptic Transmission/physiology ; Synaptic Vesicles/*physiology ; Synaptotagmin I ; Synaptotagmins ; Syntaxin 1
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Girvin, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1354-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17738276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 79
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-09-07
    Description: Oncogenic viruses demonstrating a strict tropism for the mammary gland provide special opportunities to study the susceptibility of this tissue to neoplasia. In rats, human adenovirus type 9 (Ad9) elicits mammary fibroadenomas that are similar to common breast tumors in women, as well as phyllodes-like tumors and mammary sarcomas. By constructing recombinant adenoviruses between Ad9 and Ad26 (a related nontumorigenic virus), it was shown that the Ad9 E4 region was absolutely required to produce these mammary tumors. This indicates that an adenovirus gene located outside the classic transforming region (E1) can significantly influence the in vivo oncogenicity of an adenovirus. Consistent with a direct role in mammary gland oncogenesis, the Ad9 E4 region also exhibited transforming properties in vitro. Therefore, the Ad9 E4 region is a viral oncogene specifically involved in mammary gland tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javier, R -- Raska, K Jr -- Shenk, T -- CA 21196/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 41086/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA09528/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 28;257(5074):1267-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1519063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics/*microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames/genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred WF ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 80
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Selgrade, M K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 19;256(5064):1611.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17841061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):743.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉P, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 24;255(5043):393.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17842881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: Laser-extraction oxygen isotope and major element analyses of individual glass spherules from Haitian Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary sediments demonstrate that the glasses fall on a mixing line between an isotopically heavy (delta(18)O = 14 per mil) high-calcium composition and an isotopically light (delta(18)O = 6 per mil) high-silicon composition. This trend can be explained by melting of heterogeneous source rocks during the impact of an asteroid (or comet) approximately 65 million years ago. The data indicate that the glasses are a mixture of carbonate and silicate rocks and exclude derivation of the glasses either by volcanic processes or as mixtures of sulfate-rich evaporate and silicate rocks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blum, J D -- Chamberlain, C P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17840280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: Smaller chromosomes have higher rates of meiotic reciprocal recombination (centimorgans per kilobase pair) than larger chromosomes. This report demonstrates that decreasing the size of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomal DNA molecules increases rates of meiotic recombination and increasing chromosome size decreases recombination rates. These results indicate that chromosome size directly affects meiotic reciprocal recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaback, D B -- Guacci, V -- Barber, D -- Mahon, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):228-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Fungal/*physiology ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; Gene Conversion ; Genes, Fungal ; Homozygote ; Karyotyping ; Meiosis/*genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marques, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 17;256(5055):293.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Behavior ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/*physiopathology
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 14;255(5046):858-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17756435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 87
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 29;256(5061):1274.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Government Agencies/*economics ; *Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: It has long been thought that anteroposterior (A-P) pattern in the vertebrate central nervous system is induced in the embryo's dorsal ectoderm exclusively by signals passing vertically from underlying, patterned dorsal mesoderm. Explants from early gastrulae of the frog Xenopus laevis were prepared in which vertical contact between dorsal ectoderm and mesoderm was prevented but planar contact was maintained. In these, four position-specific neural markers (engrailed-2, Krox-20, XlHbox 1, and XlHbox 6) were expressed in the ectoderm in the same A-P order as in the embryo. Thus, planar signals alone, following a path available in the normal embryo, can induce A-P neural pattern.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doniach, T -- Phillips, C R -- Gerhart, J C -- GM19363/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):542-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1636091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers ; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/analysis ; Central Nervous System/*embryology ; Ectoderm/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology/physiology ; Gastrula/physiology ; Gene Expression ; Mesoderm/physiology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Xenopus laevis/*embryology
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 1992-10-16
    Description: Described here are neural networks capable of predicting a drug's mechanism of action from its pattern of activity against a panel of 60 malignant cell lines in the National Cancer Institute's drug screening program. Given six possible classes of mechanism, the network misses the correct category for only 12 out of 141 agents (8.5 percent), whereas linear discriminant analysis, a standard statistical technique, misses 20 out of 141 (14.2 percent). The success of the neural net indicates several things. (i) The cell line response patterns are rich in information about mechanism. (ii) Appropriately designed neural networks can make effective use of that information. (iii) Trained networks can be used to classify prospectively the more than 10,000 agents per year tested by the screening program. Related networks, in combination with classical statistical tools, will help in a variety of ways to move new anticancer agents through the pipeline from in vitro studies to clinical application.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, J N -- Kohn, K W -- Grever, M R -- Viswanadhan, V N -- Rubinstein, L V -- Monks, A P -- Scudiero, D A -- Welch, L -- Koutsoukos, A D -- Chiausa, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 16;258(5081):447-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkylating Agents ; *Antineoplastic Agents/classification ; Databases, Factual ; *Drug Design ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Growth Inhibitors ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 29;256(5061):1257.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉K, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 6;255(5049):1211.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17816824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-06-26
    Description: Black and white images were projected onto n-type silicon (100) wafers during a photoelectrochemical etch to produce a color image that photoluminesces. The photoluminescence originates from a thin layer of luminescent porous silicon that is produced in the photoetch, and the colors that appear in the etched image arise from thin-film optical interference. A diffraction grating was also photoetched into the substrate, demonstrating simultaneous encoding of a gray-scale image into thin-film interference, luminescence, and diffraction phenomena.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doan, V V -- Sailor, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 26;256(5065):1791-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17743033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):437-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1570504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Lead/administration & dosage/*adverse effects ; Lead Poisoning/physiopathology ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States
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  • 94
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-01-31
    Description: The Son of sevenless (Sos) gene functions in signaling pathways initiated by the sevenless and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. The Sos gene has now been isolated and sequenced. Its product is a 1595-amino acid protein similar to the CDC25 protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Ras. These results imply a role for the ras pathway in Drosophila neuronal development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonfini, L -- Karlovich, C A -- Dasgupta, C -- Banerjee, U -- 1 R01 EY08152-01A1/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- GM-07104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR6461/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 31;255(5044):603-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1736363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Cell Cycle Proteins ; Drosophila/*genetics ; Fungal Proteins/genetics ; Gene Library ; *Genes, ras ; Genotype ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/physiology ; Restriction Mapping ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Son of Sevenless Proteins ; *ras-GRF1
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: Colorectal (CR) tumors are usually curable if detected before metastasis. Because genetic alterations are associated with the development of these tumors, mutant genes may be found in the stool of individuals with CR neoplasms. The stools of nine patients whose tumors contained mutations of K-ras were analyzed. In eight of the nine cases, the ras mutations were detectable in DNA purified from the stool. These patients included those with benign and malignant neoplasms from proximal and distal colonic epithelium. Thus, colorectal tumors can be detected by a noninvasive method based on the molecular pathogenesis of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidransky, D -- Tokino, T -- Hamilton, S R -- Kinzler, K W -- Levin, B -- Frost, P -- Vogelstein, B -- CA06973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):102-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; Carcinoma/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Feces/chemistry ; Female ; *Genes, ras ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Botkin, D B -- Simpson, L G -- Schenk, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 10;257(5067):146.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17794734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):464.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1450-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17801236" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 16;258(5081):394.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Japan ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Neutrons ; Nuclear Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-02-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sietmann, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 21;255(5047):917.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17793153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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