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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1,970)
  • General Chemistry  (865)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • 1970-1974  (3,027)
  • 1910-1914
  • 1970  (3,027)
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  • 1970-1974  (3,027)
  • 1910-1914
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 21-25 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pitting corrosion of iron in alkaline chlorine solutionsThe author has studied the corrosion of iron in chloride solutions (0.4 M KCl) with hydroxyl ions (0.1 M KOH), used as a pitting corrosion inhibitor. The rate of pitting corrosion in alkaline media can be represented in the form of a cubic parabola whilst the number of pits is a linear function. It was found pitting corrosion depends on the potential, on the concentration, and on the ratio of the concentration of activating and passivating ions, respectively. Another important factor is the adsorption of the anions on the electrode surface. The author has formulated equations for all these relations. The depassivation potential proves to be a suitable criterion for characterizing the pitting corrosion proneness under different conditions.
    Notes: Der Verfasser untersuchte die Lochfraßkorrosion von Eisen in Chloridlösungen (0,4 m Kaliumchlorid) bei Zusatz von Hydroxylionen (0,1 m Kaliumhydroxid) als Lochfraßinhibitoren. Die Geschwindigkeit der Lochfraßkorrosion im alkalischen Medium läßt sich durch eine kubische Parabel darstellen, während sich für die Lochzahl eine Gerade ergibt. Für die Lochfraßkorrosion wurde eine ausgeprägte Potentialabhängigkeit gefunden, ebenso eine Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration und vom Konzentrationsverhältnis, von aktivierenden zu passivierenden Ionen. Auch die Adsorption der Anionen auf der Elektrodenoberfläche hat einen wesentlichen Einfluß. Für sämtliche Abhängigkeiten wurden Gleichungen auf-gestellt. Das Depassivierungspotential erweist sich als geeignet zur Charakterisierung der Lochfraßanfälligkeit unter ver-schiedenen Bedingungen.
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  • 2
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 25-27 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stimulation of atmospheric rusting by sulphatesDeparting from the fact, ascertained from laboratory tests, that the transition from sulphur dioxide to sulphate ion at rusty iron with low sulphur dioxide concentrations occurs very quickly so that the sulphate ion must be regarded as the only kinetically active factor, a number of pure and pre-rusted specimens of carbon steel were exposed to the effect of iron-II-sulphate solution. It was found that, irrespective of the concentration of the sulphate ions, a stationary corrosion rate is attained after some time. With increasing initial sulphate concentration, however, these stationary conditions appear progressively later. This gives rise to the conclusion that the corrosion rate is dependent on the decrease in the sulphate activity in the reaction system. In the case of the pre-rusted specimens, the already existing rust appears to have an inhibiting effect as it reduces the iron surface capable of reaction. As far as the kinetics of the reaction are concerned, two different mechanisms are assumed which occur below and above a certain critical sulphate concentration.
    Notes: Ausgehend von der im Laboratorium festgestellten Tatsache, daß der Übergang von Schwefeldioxid zu Sulfation am verrosteten Eisen bei niedrigen Schwefeldioxidkonzentrationen sehr rasch erfolgt, so daß nur das Sulfation als kinetisch wirksamer Faktor in Betracht kommt, wurden reine und vorgerostete Proben von C-Stabl der Einwirkung von Eisen II-sulfatlösung ausgesetzt. Hierbei wurde gefunden, daß unabhängig von der Konzentration der Sulfationen nach einiger Zeit eine stationäre Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit erreicht wird. Diese stationären Bedingungen stellen sich jedoch mit zunehmender Sulfatanfangskonzentration zu nehmend später ein. Daraus wird gefolgert, daß die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit von der Abnahme der Sulfataktivität im Reaktionssystem abhängig ist. Im Falle der vorverrosteten Proben scheint der vor handene Rost einen hemmenden Einfluß auszuüben, da er die reaktionsfähige Eisenoberfläche verkleinert. Bezüglich der Kinetik der Reaktion werden zwei ver schiedene Mechanismen angenommen, die unterhalb und oberhalb einer bestimmten kritischen Sulfatkonzentration auftreten.
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  • 3
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 38-42 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 53-58 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 44-53 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 28-32 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Development of a mathematical correlation for the passivation of an austenitic weld material in air and under an electrolyteDifferences in data concerning the electro-chemical potential of stainless steels are mostly due to the fact that the measured potential of a metal is generally a function of the duration of exposure to atmosphere and of the duration of the test. In order to improve the reproducibility of the potential/time curves for austenitic weld materials, the influence of the duration of the exposure of the specimens to air has been experimentally determined before and during the testing period. The weld material contained, in one case, 65% Ni, 15%Cr and 30% Nb and, in another case, 19% Cr and 10% Ni. The potential/time curves were plotted without current, by means of the microcapillary method. The results were used for the compilation of a passivation equation containing a proportionality factor which, though showing a scatter over a certain range, assumes a different and characteristic value for different materials With the aid of the curves thus obtained, the correlations between potential, duration of test and duration of air exposure can be found.
    Notes: Unterschiedliche Angaben über das elektrochemische Potential von nichtrostenden Stählen sind meist darauf zurückzuführen, daß das gemessene Potential eines Metalls meist eine Funktion der Lagerzeit an der Atmosphäre wnd eine Funktion der Versuchsdauer ist. Um nun die Reproduzierbarkeit der Potential-Zeit-Kurven für austenitisches Schweißgut zu verbessern, wurde der Einfluß der Lagerdauer der Proben an Luft vor den Versuch und während der Versuchsdauer experimentell ermittelt. Das Schweißlgut enthielt in einem Falle 65% Ni, 15% Cr und 3% Nb, im anderen Falle 19% Cr und 10% Ni. Die Potential-Zeit-Kurven wurden stromlos nach der Mikrokapillarmethode aufgenommen. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse wurde eine Passivierungsgleichung aufgestellt, die einen Proportionalitätsfaktor enthält, der zwar in einem gewissen Bereich streut, jedoch für verschiedene Werkstoffe eine unterschiedliche und charakteristische Größe annimmt. Aus den damit erhaltenen Kurven kann der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Potential, der Versuchsdauer und der Lagerzeit entnommen werden.
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  • 8
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 88-93 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion tests on welded specimens of AlMg 3, exposed to a 2% ammonia solutionThe welds of specimens of AlMg 3, welded with AlSi 5, AlMg 3 and AlMg 3, were found to be highly corrosion-prone. In the weld deposit from AlSi 5, there is a strong corrosion effect in the form of notches in the transition zone. This is also accompanied by an abrupt change in the potential of about 1200mV. In the weld itself, the non-homogeneity of the structure gives rise to strong pitting corrosion. With AlMg 3 as weld material, corrosion is less marked but there are numerous small pits along the transition zone. Here again, the difference in potential between base metal and weld deposit (approx. 200mV) is sufficient to account for the corrosion proneness. The potentials of the specimens welded with AlMg 5 showed virtually the same behaviour in the structure as those welded with AlMg 3.
    Notes: Proben von AlMg 3, geschweißt mit AlSi 5, AlMg 5 und AlMg 3, erwiesen sich in der Schweißnaht als stark korrosionsanfällig. Im Schweißgut aus AlSi 5 kommt es in der Übergangszone zu starkem Angriff in Form von Kerben. Hiermit ist auch ein Potentialsprung von etwa 1200 mV verbunden. In der Schweiß selbst kommt es infolge der Inhomogenität des Gefüges zu starkem Lochfraß. Bei AlMg 3 als Schweißgut ist der Angriff nicht so ausgeprägt, doch treten entlang der Übergangszone zahlreiche kleine Löcher auf. Auch hier ist der Potentialunterschied zwischen Grundwerkstoff und Schweißgut (etwa 200 mV) ausreichend für Korrosionsanfälligkeit. Die mit AlMg 5 geschweißten Proben zeigten ein praktisch gleiches Potentialverhalten im Gefüge wie AlMg 3.
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  • 9
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 76-76 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. I 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 11
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 85-88 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The notion of “critical humidity” with atmospheric corrosion of steelClean and pre-rusted specimens of carbon steel were exposed to atmospheres of different relative humidities (21.5, 35, 60, 72.5, 87, 96 and 100 pC). It was found that the moisture present in the rust was consistently lower than had been assumed so far. The sorption properties of the rust have a very important bearing on the quantity of water present on the surface. The sorption capacity can be greatly improved by adding sulphate ions. Even then, however, the quantities of electrolyte encountered were considerably below the values assumed so far. On the strength of these results, it is suggested that, for technical purposes, the value of critical humidity be taken to be a relative humidity of 80 pC.
    Notes: Blanke und vorgerostete Proben von C-Stahl wurden der Einwirkung von Atmosphäre verschiedener relativer Feuchtigkeit (21,5, 35, 60, 72, 5, 87, 96 und 100%) ausgesetzt. Hierbei wurde gefunden, daß die im Rost vorhandene Feuchtigkeitsmenge durchweg wesentlich niedriger ist als bisher angenommen wurde. Die Sorptionseigenschaflen des Rostes sind für die auf der Oberfläche auftretende Wassermenge von höchster Bedeutung, wahrscheinlich spielt die Sorption an kolloidem Rost die wichtigste Rolle. Zusatz von Sulfationen verbessert die Sorptionsfähigkeit erheblich, doch bleiben auch dann die gefundenen Elektrolytmengen wesentlich unter den bisher angenommenen Werten. Aufgrund Ergebnisse wird vorgeschlagen, den Wert der kritischen Feuchtigkeit für technische Zwecke zu 80% relativer Feuchte anzunehmen.
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  • 12
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 111-111 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 13
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 165-166 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 14
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 115-123 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 15
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 124-129 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 16
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 182-184 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of incipient rust on the pattern of the atmospheric corrosion of steelThe corrosion pattern with continuous rust formation has been compared with the results obtained and accumulated at certain intervals during the same time from analogous specimens. It was found, firstly, that there is a critical value of SO2 concentration and, secondly, that the existing rust is capable of keeping certain quantities of SO2 away from the surface. The latter effect explains the flattening-out of the corrosion rate to constant values, as well as the fact that, in pure atmosphere, the stationary conditions are reached later than in an industrial atmosphere.
    Notes: Ein Vergleich des Rostungsverlaufs bei kontinuierlicher Rostbildung einerseits mit den während dieser Zeit an analogen Proben in bestimmten Zeitabständen gefundenen und kumulierten Werten andererseits zeigt, daß es einerseits einen kritischen Wert der SO2-Konzentration gibt und daß andererseits der vorhandene Rost in der Lage ist, gewisse SO2-Mengen von der Oberfläche fernzuhalten. Diese letzte Wirkung erklärt die zeitliche Abnahme der Rostungsgeschwindigkeit bis zu stationären Werten, und auch die Tatsache, daß die stationären Bedingungen in reiner Atmosphäre später erreicht werden als in Industrieatmosphäre.
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  • 17
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 152-160 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 18
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 162-165 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 19
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 165-165 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 20
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 21
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970) 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 22
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 171-182 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hot workability and corrosion resistance of 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti type steelsIncreasing the Mo content to the level required for corrosion resistance has a negative effect on the hot workability of austenitic steels. Addition of 2% Mo requires an increase in the proportion of austenite-forming elements (in particular Ni), while the Cr content must be reduced to the lowest admissible value for corrosion resistance. As has been shown by experimental work in a redox system and in a pulp digester 16-20% Cr can be considered sufficient (corrosion loss 0,01 mm/y). In bleach liquors of the textile industry, however, there is the danger of pitting corrosion. Heat treatment and hot working have a very pronounced bearing on corrosion resistance.
    Notes: Die Warmverformbarkeit austenitischer Stähle wird ungünstig beeinflußt, wenn man den Mo-Gehalt auf die zum Erreichen der Korrosionsbeständigkeit erforderlichen Werte erhöht. Bei 2% Mo muß der Gehalt an austenitbildenden Elementen (besonders Ni) erhöht, der Gehalt an Cr jedoch auf den vom Standpunkt der Korrosionsbeständigkeit niedrigst zulässigen Wert verringert werden. Wie Versuche in Redoxsystemen und in einem Zellstoffkocher gezeigt haben, sind 16 bis 20% Cr als ausreichend anzusehen (Abtragung 0,01 mm/J). In Bleichmedien der Textilindustrie ist jedoch mit Lochfraß zu rechnen. Die Warmbehandlung bzw. Warmverformung beeinflußt die Korrosionsbeständigkeit ziemlich ausgeprägt.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 200-200 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 201-202 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 216-219 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 185-195 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Electro-chemical investigations into the corrosion of iron in solutions containing sulphidesIn order to investigate the corrosion behaviour of steel reinforcements in concrete containing sulphides, measurements have been carried out of electro-chemical current potentials. The electrode material consisted of carbonyl iron; the air-less electrolyte solutions had varying contents of H2S, HS. and S=, with a PH value ranging from 4 to 12.6. The tests showed that, with PH= 12.6, iron remains protected by a passive oxide film even in a solution containing sulphur. However, from about PH = 10-11 downwards, the passive film is replaced by a non-protective iron sulphide layer. But at least down to PH = 9, the corrosion rate is still very low due to the strong inhibition of the cathodic part-reaction of the hydrogen segregation. The kinetics of the hydrogen segregation due to H2S reduction are discussed.
    Abstract: Etudes électrochimiques de la corrosion du fer dans des solutions contenant des sulfuresL'auteur a fait des mesures électrochimiques du potentiel et courant pour étudier le comportement de l'acier d'armatures dans le béton contenant des sulfures. Du fer obtenu à partir de carbonyle a été utlisé d'électrode. Les solutions employées etaient désaérées et contenaient des teneurs variables en H2S, HS- et S=, à des PH entre 4 et 12,6. Les mesures ont revélé que le fer est protégé au PH 12,6 par une couche d'oxyde passive même dans une solution de sulfure, mais qu'il se forme, au dessous du PH 10 à 11, au lieu de la couche passive une couche non protectrice de sulfure de fer. Etant donné la forte inhibition de la réaction partielle cathodique, la vitesse de la corrosion reste très faible jusqu'au PH 9. La cinétique du dégagement d'hydrogène par la réduction de H2S est expliquée.
    Notes: Im Hinblick auf das Korrosionsverhalten von Stahlarmierungen in sulfidhaltigem Beton wurden elektrochemische Stromspannungsmessungen ausgeführt. Als Elektrodenmaterial diente Carbonyleisen. Es wurden luftfreie Elektrolytlösungen mit wechselndem Gehalt an H2S, HS- und S- und zwischen 4 und 12,6 wechselndem PH-Wert benutzt. Die Messungen ergaben, daß das Eisen bei PH 12,6 auch in schwefelhaltiger Lösung durch eine Passivoxidschicht geschützt bleibt, daß aber ab ca. PH 10-11 statt der Passivschicht eine nichtschützende Eisensulfidschicht auftritt. Wegen starker Hemmung der kathodischen Teilreaktion der Wasserstoffabscheidung bleibt die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit jedoch mindestens bis herab zu PH 9 noch sehr klein. Die Kinetik der Wasserstoffabscheidung durch H2S-Reduktion wird diskutiert.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 211-216 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 226-232 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 297-300 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 304-311 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 318-318 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 313-314 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970) 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 346-354 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: Metallurgical conclusions drawn from the behaviour of welds in unalloyed steels toward corrosion by diluted alkaline media and flowing sea waterThe resistance of welds of unalloyed and low alloy electrodes in contact with alcaline media and flowing aerated sea water increases with the ratio Mn:Si. This ratio should be 〉 2.4, in this connection, Cu contents should be 〉 0.3% and the Ni:Cu ratio 〉 1. Traces of P and As increase the resistance of CrMo low alloy electrodes in alcalic media and of unalloyed acid electrodes in sea water.
    Notes: Die Beständigkeit von Schweißnähten aus unlegierten und niedriglegierten Elektroden gegen Alkalien oder bewegtes und belüftetes Meerwasser steigt mit dem Verhältnis Mn:Si. Dieses soll 〉 2,4 sein; die Cu-Gehalte sollen dabei 〉 0,3% Ofo und das Verhältnis Ni:Cu 〉 1 sein. Spuren von P und As steigern die Beständigkeit von Schweißen aus CrMo-legierten Elektroden in Laugen und won sauren unlegierten Elektroden in Meerwasser.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 374-377 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 378-398 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 342-346 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: Occurrence of sulphate nests in rust during the atmospheric corrosion of steel. I.A pure FeSO4, solution (with 35S) was used to generate, on steel surfaces, a continuous layer of FeSO4, through evaporation. The samples thus treated were exposed to the action of air of different humidity. Within three hours, the sulphate ions tend to concentrate on the surface of the sample and to penetrate into the metal locally, causing nest-like concentrations of corrosion products. The number of the nests increases with the FeSO4, concentration up to a maximum. Between the frequency and the size of the nests, there is a correlation which depends on air humidity. With increasing air humidity, the size of the nests increases whilst their number decreases.
    Notes: Unter Verwendung von reiner FeSO4-Lösung (mit 35S) wurde auf Stahloberflächen eine kontinuierliche Schicht von FeSO4, durch Eindampfen erzeugt; die so behandelten Proben wurden der Einwirkung von Luft verschiedener Feuchtigkeit ausgesetzt, und innerhalb von drei Stunden sammeln sich die Sulfationen bevorzugt an der Probenoberfläche an und dringen örtlich in das Metall ein, wobei nestförmige Ansammlungen von Korrosionsprodukten entstehen. Die Zahl der Nester steigt mit der FeSO4,-Konzentration bis zu einem Maximum; zwischen der Nesthäufgkeit und der Nestgröße besteht eine von der Luftfeuchtigkeit abhängige Beziehung: mit zunehmender Luftfeuchtigkeit nimmt die Große der Nester zu, während ihre Zahl zurückgeht.
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    Description / Table of Contents: Some new theoretical and practical findings concerning the pretreatment of metals for electrocoatingVarious parameters concerning electrocoating of Fe, Zn and Al have been studied, with particular emphasis on the pretreatment and its influence on the properties of the coating. It is important to know that the protective value of a coating does not always increase with coating thickness, but that it is related to the type of the respective coating base (crystallinity, porosity, thickness), although it is not always possible to establish rigid rules. Zn phosphate layers are generally more suitable than Fe phosphates for more rigorous conditions of application. A very deleterious influence is attributed to water contamination by chlorides; in this respect the alteration of electrical conditions is particularly harmful. Drying is important as well, because loss of crystal water gives rise to density and thickness changes in the layer and - when temperatures exceeding 330°C are used - they even destroy the crystalline structure. Results are interpreted in terms of Machu's phosphate layer theory.
    Notes: Verschiedene Einflußgrößen für die Elektrolackierung von Fe, Zn, Al wurden untersucht, wobei vor allem die Vorbehandlung und ihr Einfluß auf die Eigenschaften der Lackschicht erörtert wurden. Wichtig ist die Erkenntnis, daß der Schutzwert der Lackierung nicht immer mit der Dicke zunimmt, sondern daß hierbei die Art des Haftgrundes (Kristallinität, Porosität, Dicke) eine groß Rolle spielt, die jedoch nicht generell durch feste Regeln erfaßt werden kann. Zn-Phosphatschichten sind dabei durchweg für stärkere Beanspruchung geeignet als Fe-Phosphatschichten. Einen großen ungünstigen Einfluß haben auch Verunreinigungen des Wassers mit Chlorid, wobei vor allem die dadurch veränderten elektrischen Bedingungen schädlich sind. Auch das Trocknen spielt eine Rolle, da sich wegen des Verlustes von Kristallwasser die Dichte und Dicke der Schicht ändern und bei zu hohen Temperaturen (über 330°C) die Kristallstruktur zerstört wird. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit Hilfe der Machu'schen Phosphatschichttheorie gedeutet.
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    Description / Table of Contents: Contribution to the stress corrosion cracking of austenitic CrNi steels in MgCl2, solution of various concentrations at defined electrochemical conditionsSCC tests in aqueous MgCl2 solutions of various concentrations, temperatures and aeration conditions have been used to determine the influence of sample pre-treatment, oxygen supply at the materials surface, type of loading and the effect of various metallic coatings on the useful life of austenitic CrNi steels. In addition, feasible ways have been studied for achieving a better reproducibility of results, e.g. by lowering MgCl2 concentration or by introducing defined preset potentials or impressed currents. The behaviour of the individual steels in various MgCl2, solutions has been studied on the basis of current density-potential curves.
    Notes: Spannungsrißkorrosionsversuche in waßrigen Magnesiumchloridlösungen verschiedener Konzentration, Temperatur und Begasung dienten der Ermittlung des Einflusses der Probenvorbehandlung, des Sauerstoffangebotes an der Werkstoffoberfläche, der Art der Lastaufbringung und der Wirkung verschiedener metallischer Überzüge auf die Lebensdauer von austenitischen Chrom-Nickel-Stählen. Außerdem wurden Möglichkeiten zur Erzielung einer besseren Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse z. B. durch Senkung der MgCl2,- Konzentration und durch Vorgabe bestimmter Sollpotentiale oder Außenströme untersucht.Mit Hilfe von Stromdichte-Potential-kurven wurde das Verhalten der einzelnen Stähle in verschiedenen MgCl2-Lösungen studiert.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 501-509 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 371-374 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 399-400 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 411-414 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 428-430 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 431-434 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 434-434 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 449-457 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Anodic protection ot titanium in the rayon industryA shell and tube exchanger of Ti for preheating spinning baths (47 to 75°C) is operating under an anodic protection potential of 10 to 15 V during two years' operation no measurable thinning has been found. In this connection it is important to prevent crevice corrosion, either by suitable design or by using a tube plate of Ti with 0,2% Pd. Proto-types of exchangers have been used to establish the throwing power of electrodes mounted at different points in the equipment.
    Notes: Ein Rohrbündelaustauscher aus Ti zum Vorerhitzen won Spinnbad (47 auf 75 °C) arbeitet mit einer anodischen Schutzspannung von 10 bis 15 V; im Laufe von 2 Jahren konnte keine meß;bare Dickenabnahme gefunden werden. Wichtig ist hierbei die Verhinderung der Möglichkeit von Spaltkorrosion, entweder durch konstruktive Maß;nahmen oder durch Verwendung eines Rohrbodens aus Ti mit 0,2% Pd. An Apparate-Prototypen wurde wor allem das Streuvermögen von an verschiedenen Stellen angebrachten Elektroden untersucht.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 463-473 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Securing screws of stainless steelsThe author emphasizes the importance of screwed connections in technology and discusses the conclusions which must be drawn from existing standards with respect to the utilization of stainless steel screws. Examples are shown to demonstrate the corrosion resistance of such connections (tests in sea water, 3% NaCl, tap water, salt spray) giving prominence to the problems resulting from the use of spring elements (crevice corrosion danger).
    Notes: Der Verfasser betont die Bedeutung der Schraubenverbindungen in der Technik und erörtert die Folgerungen, die sich aus den bestehenden Normen für die Anwendung von Schrauben aus nichtrostenden Stählen ergeben. Anhand won Beispielen wird die hohe Beständigkeit solcher Verbindungen demonstriert (Versuche in Meerwasser, 3% NaCly Leitungswasser, Salzsprühnebel), wobei besonders die Probleme aufgezeigt werden, die sich durch die Verwendung federnder Elemente ergeben (Spaltkorrosion).
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 497-500 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 530-530 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 606-606 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 607-610 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion of copper, nickel, lead and aluminium in 1 N sulfuric acid by alternating currentIn view of the possibility that alternating current might flow to underground structures as a stray current the corrosion behaviour of steel in 1 N sulfuric acid has already been investigated. The study has new been extended to the effect of alternating current (50 cycles) on the behaviour of Cu, steel, Ni, Pb and Al. In this study it has been found, that the corrosion of these metals is increased by the current to 3 to times the normal corrosion, depending on the nature of the layer eventually formed by corrosion products and on the polarizability of the metal. Aluminium forms a protective layer having insulating properties.
    Notes: Angesichts der Möglichkeit, daß Wechselstrom als Streustrom zu unterirdischen Anlagen gelangt, ist schon früher das Korrosionsverhalten von Stahl in 1 n Schwefelsäure untersucht worden. Die Untersuchung ist jetzt auf die Wirkung von Wechselstrom (50 Hz) auf das Verhalten von Kupfer, Stahl, Nickel, Blei und Aluminium ausgedehnt worden. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß die Korrosion dieser Metalle durch Wechselstrom auf das 3- bis 10-fache der normalen Korrosion gesteigert wird, je nachdem, was für eine Deckschicht aus Korrosionsprodukten auf der Oberfläche entsteht und wie das Metall polarisierbar ist. Aluminium bildet dabei eine Schutzschicht mit Isolierwirkung.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 610-613 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Behaviour of platinized titanium anodes in fresh watersExperiments with Ti anodes (polished and with coarse surface) in waters having various chloride contents, pH values and sulfate concentrations have shown, that Ti is readily passivated even in waters having some chloride content, provided there is a certain ration chloride:sulfate. The corrosion susceptibility seems to be controlled essentially by the transfer rate of the anodic reaction products from the electrode (thus e. g. pitting sites are identical with those sites where chlorine bubbles had been for some time). In this case it can be assumed that the inhibiting effect of the sulfate ions cannot come to bear. The platinized Ti anodes, however, are stable in chloride containing river water in a much broader potential range than in pure chloride solutions or in sea water. Even under the most unfavourable conditions one may assume that a potential from + 8 to + 10 V has no deleterious effect on such an anode.
    Notes: Versuche mit Ti-Anoden (poliert und mit rauher Oberfläche) in Wasser verschiedener Chloridgehalte, pH-Werte und Sulfatkonzentrationen lassen erkennen, daß Ti auch in schwach chloridhaltigem Wasser durchaus passivierbar ist, sofern bestimmte Mengenverhältnisse Chlorid:Sulfat eingehalten werden. Eine wesentliche Rolle für die Korrosionsanfälligkeit scheint die Übertragungsgeschwindigkeit der anodischen Reaktionsprodukte von der Elektrode zu spielen (so deckt sich z. B. die Lochkorrosion mit den Stellen, wo die entstehenden Chlorbläschen einige Zeit hafteten). In diesem Falle könnte sich auch die inhibierende Wirkung der Sulfationen nicht auswirken. Die platinierten Ti-Anoden bleiben jedoch in chloridhaltigem Flußwasser in einem viel breiteren Potentialbereich stabil als in reinen Chloridlösungen oder in Meerwasser. Auch unter ungünstigen Verhältnissen kann man davon ausgehen, daß ein Potential von + 8 bis + 10 Volt für eine solche Anode unschädlich ist.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 650-653 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 654-656 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 665-668 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 675-678 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 679-684 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 689-689 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 689-690 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 699-703 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Electrochemical corrosion testing of transition metal silicidesThe corrosion resistance of transition metal silicides has been determined with the convenient electrochemical method by Stern and Geary where the measurement of the anodic dissolution current density enables conclusions to be drawn to corrosion resistance. Excellent agreement has been obtained with data published before and having been obtained by the conventional wet chemical methods. The electrochemical method can therefore be used also for the investigation of metallic compounds and high alloy metallic materials respectively. Beyond corrosion data already known for disilicides it has been possible to obtain data for a num-ber of silicides having lower silicon contents. As may be expected the resistance of these silicides is lower than that of the disilicides; however, even these lower silicides may still be termed resistant (attack below 1 g/m2·day). With the exception of MoSi2, and WSi2 where no protective SiO2, layers are formed because of the formation of soluble heteropolyacids of silicon, the disilicides are highly resistant (attack below 0.5 g/m2d).
    Notes: Zur Bestimmung der Korrosionbeständigkeit der Silizide der Übergangsmetalle wurde die bequeme elektrochemische Methode nach Stern und Gerary herangezogen, bei der aus der Messung der anodischen Auflösungsstromdichte auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit geschlossen werden kann. Die Übereinstimmung mit früher publizierten, auf übliche naßchemische Weise gefundenen Werten, ist ausgezeichnet. Die electrochemische Methode ist also auch auf die Untersuchung von metallischen Verbindungen bzw. Legierungen mit hohem. Legierungsmetallgehalt anzuwenden. Über die schon früher bekannten Werte für die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von Disiliziden hinaus konnten noch Werte für eine ganze Anzahl von Siliziden mit niedrigerem Siliziumgehalt ermittelt werden. Erwartungsgemäß ist die Beständigkeit dieser Silizide geringer als die der Disilizide. Aber auch die niederen Silizide sind zum Großteil noch als beständig (Angriff weniger als 1 g/m2·Tag) zu Bezeichnen. Die Disilizide sind, mit Ausnahme von MoSi2 und WSi2, bei denen sich durch Entstehung von löslichen Silizium-Heteropolysäuren Keine SiO2-Schutzschichten bilden, sehr beständig (Angriff weniger als 0,5 g/m2·Tag).
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 712-717 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Inhibition of the corrosion of 63/37 brass in ammonium chloride solutionsPotassium chromate, dichromate, ferrocyanide and thiocynate have been investigated as inhibitors corrosion 63/37 brass in 0.005 M and 0.01 M ammonium chloride solutions. Nearly complete protection is afforded to brass by potassium chromate at all the durations studied. Potassium thiocynate is more effective in 0.01 M ammonium chloride rather than in 0.005 M ammonium chloride. In the case of potassium thiocyanate and potassium ferrocyanide, the efficiency is maximum at the optimum concentration of the inhibitor, further increase in inhibitor concentration induces a decrease in inhibitor efficiency. Both these substances afford protection by mixed control. Potassium dichromate is a mixed type of inhibitor with a predominant action on the local cathodic areas. Potassium chromate retards the corrosion by influencing both cathodic and anodic reactions, cathodic to a greater extent.
    Notes: Kaliumchromat, Kaliumdichromat, Kaliumferrocyanid und Kaliumrhodanid wurden als Inhibitoren der Korrosion von Messing 63/37 in 0,005 m und 0,001 m Ammoniumchloridlösungen untersucht. Bei allen verwendeten Versuchsdauern wird Messing durch Kaliumchromat fast vollständig geschützt. Kaliumrhodanid ist wirksamer in 0,01 m Ammoniumchlorid als in 0,005 m Lösung. Im Falle von Kaliumrhodanid und Kaliumferrocyanid erreicht die Hemmwirkung ihr Maximum bei einer optimalen Inhibitorkonzentration, während weitere Steigerung der Konzentration zu einer Verringerung der Wirksamkeit führt. Der Wirkungsmechanismus beider Substanzen ist anodisch und kathodisch kontrolliert. Auch Kaliumdichromat ist ein Inhibitor mit gemischter Kontrolle, doch liegt die Wirkung überwiegend auf den Lokalkathoden. Kaliumchromat verzögert die Korrosion durch Beeinflussung der kathodischen und der anodischen Reaktionen, wobei die kathodische Reaktion stärker beeinflußbar wird.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 734-741 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 762-765 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 765-768 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 776-777 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 787-787 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 787-787 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 788-788 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 801-803 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion of aluminium in mixtures of salts and effect of copper ionsCorrosion of aluminium has been studied in stagnant condition, in mixtures of salts, NaCl + NaHCO3, Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 and NaCl + Na2CO3; effect of addition of copper ions has also been studied. It has been found that (shallow) pits are formed only when both chloride and bicarbonate are present. Addition of copper ions occasionally increases the numbers of pits but may some times decrease corrosion.
    Notes: Die Korrosion von Aluminium wurde in ruhenden Lösungen mit den Salzgemischen NaCl + NaHCO3, Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 und NaCl + Na2CO3 untersucht, wobei ebenfalls die Wirkung von Kupferionenzusätzen berücksichtigt wurde. Es stellte sich heraus, daß flache Lochfraßstellen nur dann entstehen, wenn sowohl Chloride als auch Bicarbonate anwesend sind. Zusatz von Kupferionen erhöht gelegentlich die Zahl der Lochfraßstellen, kann jedoch gleichzeitig die Korrosion als solche verringern.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 882-882 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 884-884 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. LI 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 894-899 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Über die Oxydation von Co-35% bei hohen TemperaturenDas Oxydationsverhalten von streifen- und kugelförmigen Proben von Co mit 35 Gew.-% Cr wurde im Temperaturbereich 900 bis 1300°C und bei Sauerstoffdrucken von 0,2 bis 760 Torr untersucht. Die Oxydation der streifenförmigen Proben verläuft bei und unter 1100°C etwa parabolisch. Auf ebenen Oberflächen entstehen schützende Cr2O3-Schichten. An Ecken und Kanten ist die Oxydation beschleunigt, und dort enthält das Oberflächenoxid auch CoCr2O4. Die Oxydation der kugelförmigen Proben verläuft nicht nach einem parabolischen Zeitgesetz; die Zunderschicht besteht in diesem Falle aus Cr2O3, CoCr2O4 und verstreuten CoO-Teilchen. Im Anfangsstadium der Oxydation werden kugelförmige Proben schneller angegriffen als die Flachproben.
    Notes: The oxidation behaviour of coupon and spherical specimens of Co-35 w/o Cr have been studied in the temperature range 900-1300°C and at oxygen pressures from 0.2 to 760 torr. For coupon specimens the oxidation is approximately parabolic at and below 1100°C. Protective scales of Cr2O3 are formed on flat surfaces. Corners and edges show enhanced oxidation, and in these regions the surface oxide also contains CoCr2O4. Oxidation of spherical specimens is nonparabolic and the oxide scales consist of Cr2O3, CoCr2O4, and interspersed particles of CoO. During initial oxidation spherical specimens oxidize faster than coupon specimens.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 925-934 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Scaling of iron between 700 and 900°C in CO/CO2mixtures with minor additions of COS, SO2 and H2SScaling of iron in CO/CO, mixtures containing less than 1.6% COS, H2S or SO2follows initially a linear kinetic law. The transition from the linear to the parabolic law is displaced toward shorter periods with increasing sulfur contents in the gas and with decreasing temperature. At 800 and 900°C the rate of the reaction between iron and the sul-fur compound in the gas is controlled by the mass transfer in the gas phase. In this conditions the reaction rates with COS and H2S are practically identical, while the reaction with SO2yields al-most double the weight increase because in this case not only sulfur, but also part of the oxygen of SO2 react with iron. At 700°C there is a transition of the control mechanism in CO/CO2C/S mixtures with increasing COS contents, namely from control by mass transfer in the gas phase to control by the phase boundary reaction. Some consequences concerning the heating of steel in technical furnaces are discussed.
    Notes: Eisen verzundert in CO-CO2-Gemischen rnit Gehalten unter 1,6% COS, H2S oder SO2 zu Beginn nach einem linearen Zeitgesetz. Der Übergang vom linearen zum parabolischen Zeitgesetz wird mit steigendem S-Gehalt des Gases und sinkender Temperatur zu kürzeren Zeiten verschoben. Bei 800 und 900°C ist geschwindigkeitsbestimmend für die Reaktion des Eisens mit der S-Verbindung des Gases der Stofftransport in der Gasphase. Unter diesen Bedingungen ist die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion mit COS und H2S praktisch gleich, wahrend die Reaktion rnit SO2 zu einer fast doppelten Gewichtszunahme fuhrt, weil in diesem Fall nicht nur der Schwefel, sondern auch ein Teil des Sauerstoffs des SO2 mit dcm Eisen reagiert. Bei 700°C erfolgt CO-CO2-COS-Gemischen mit in steigendem COS-Gehalt ein Überganq won geschwindigkeitshemmendem Stoff-transport im Gas zu geschwindigkeitsbestimmender Phasengrenzreaktion. Einige Folgerungen für das Wärmen won Stahl in technischen Öfen werden erörtert.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 945-954 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Wachstum von Zunderschichten während WärmebehandlungszyklenReines Eisen, niedrig gekohlter Stahl, mittelgekohlter Mn-Stahl und ein MnMo-Stahl wurden unter Verwendung verschiedener Gase auf ihr Verhalten bei Hochtemperaturkorrosion untersucht. Als Gase wurden verwendet: Sauerstoff, Wasserdampf, Kohlendioxid, Lug sowie fünf synthetische Atmosphären ähnlich den Gasgemischen, die bei der Verbrennung von schwefelfreiem Heizöl und Stadtgas entstehen. Um charakteristische Unterschiede herauszuarbeiten, wurden isotherme Versuche ebenso wie Versuche mit zyklischer Temperaturführung gefahren. Im ersten Falle lagen die Temperaturen zwischen 700 und 2200°C, im zweiten Falle schwankten die Temperaturen zwischen 500 und 1200°C. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen den beiden Versuchsführungen ist unterschiedlich, doch kann man das Verzunderungsverhalten in den meisten Fällen für beide Modifikationen voraussagen. Dabei kann auch als Bezugsparameter eine „Äquivalenzzeit“ bestimmt werden, welche den Vergleich der Temperaturzyklen verschiedener Öfen er-möglicht.
    Notes: Pure iron, low carbon steel, medium carbon Mn-steel and MnMo-steel were studied in view of their high temperature corrosion behaviour in various gases. The gases used were: Oxygen, steam, carbon dioxide, air and five synthetic atmospheres, similar to those obtained by the combustion of sulphur-free fuel oil and town gas. In order to obtain possible characteristic differences of behaviour isothermal experiments were made as well as experiments with temperature cyling. In the first case temperatures were 700 and 1200°C while in the second case temperatures were cycled between 500 and 1200°C. There are different degrees of agreement between the two experimental techniques, but in most cases it is possible to predict scaling behaviour for either type of experiment. It is possible to establish an “equivalent time” as a reference parameter for the comparison of temperature cycles from different furnaces.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 1031-1041 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 1050-1058 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 1065-1068 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 35-37 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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