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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (938)
  • ddc:330
  • 1960-1964  (938)
  • 1961  (938)
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Verlag/Herausgeber
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1960-1964  (938)
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Incremental modification of styrene-butadiene rubber with tert-dodecyl mercaptan (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 116-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of a styrene-butadiene rubber produced at 5°C. according to an incrementally modified recipe with tert-dodecyl mercaptan modifier, do not differ significantly from those of similar conventionally modified rubbers. The limiting effect of diffusion upon the mass transfer of mercaptan in the system provides a consistent explanation of this finding.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051318
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Glass transitions in polymers (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. S1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051319
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polymer news (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. S4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051321
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Use of the HLB system in selecting emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: In the present work a wide variety of nonionic emulsifiers and anionic/nonionic blends of emulsifiers were evaluated in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and styrene. It was found that the emulsion stability and other polymer emulsion properties are often dependent upon a certain property of the emulsifier known as the HLB value. It has been shown elsewhere that the HLB value can be correlated with a fundamental physical property of the system oil-water-emulsifier, namely, the spreading coefficient of the internal phase liquid on the surface of a 1% solution of the emulsifier in the external phase. In the emulsion polymerization of styrene, good emulsion stability coupled with adequate conversion rate was obtained in an emulsifier HLB range of 13 to 16. For certain emulsifier blends it was found that emulsion viscosity and emulsion particle size were strongly dependent on the HLB of the emulsifier. Similar comments apply to vinyl acetate polymerization, except that the most stable emulsions were obtained with emulsifiers in an HLB range from 14.5 to 17.5. These observations on preferred HLB range apply only to nonionic emulsifiers and anionic/nonionic emulsifier blends, which were the emulsifier types screened in the present investigation. For both styrene and vinyl acetate the most generally satisfactory emulsion properties were obtained in the present work by the use of an anionic/nonionic emulsifier blend (G-3300/G-3920).
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051402
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of the initiator on the grafting of polyvinyl polymers (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 149-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The dependence of grafting on the type of initiator has been examined in the case of three polymer-monomer systems: polystyrene-methyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate-vinyl acetate, and polyethyl α-chloroacrylate-vinyl acetate. The different initiators used in these experiments were benzoyl peroxide (Bz2O2), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). In each case the graft copolymers were separated from the homopolymers by fractional precipitation or by extraction. In the case of the system polystyrene-methyl methacrylate, an appreciable degree of grafting as well as formation of graft copolymer occur in the presence of Bz2O2; in contrast, the grafting is low with DTBP and doubtful with AIBN. For the other two systems no noticeable differences occurred as function of the initiator. In the case of polyethyl α-chloroacrylate the amount of graft copolymer is exceptionally high owing to the sensitivity of this polymer to a radical attack; this sensitivity results in the partial insolubility of the graft copolymers in the presence of TBHP and DTBP, but not in the presence of AIBN.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051403
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new synthetic elastomer based on a chlorophosphonated polyolefin (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: A new synthetic elastomer has been obtained based on an ethylene-propylene copolymer prepared using an organometallic catalyst system. Reactive sites (phosphonyl dichloride groups) are placed on the copolymer chain by treating the polymer with phosphorus trichloride and oxygen. After hydrolysis or alcoholysis of the phosphonyl dichloride groups to phosphonic acid or phosphonic acid esters, vulcanization may be carried out by reaction with metallic oxides, particularly lead oxide. Vulcanizates of the polyolefin elastomer have outstanding resistance to heat, ozone, and oxygen, and have excellent electrical properties. This combination suggests the use of this material in high temperature electrical applications.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051405
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in fine structure and mechanical properties induced by cyanoethylation of cotton yarns. II. Reacted without longitudinal shrinkagePaper presented before the 138th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, September 11-16, 1960. (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The cellulose of cotton yarns was reacted with acrylonitrile under conditions preventing their longitudinal contraction. Changes taking place in the fine structure of the fiber were studied by means of optical microscopy, density measurements, x-ray diffraction, and thermal stress behavior measurements. The results indicate that in spite of the strong tensions developed in the yarns, the reaction proceeds in both the accessible and the crystalline regions with considerable volume expansion and eventual disappearance of crystalline structure. Suggestions of a glass transition temperature appear at substitutions slightly above D.S. = 1. Annealing becomes possible at substitutions above D.S. = 2 with the development of the cyanoethyl cellulose crystal structure and over 40% increase in tensile strength. Changes in tenacity, ultimate elongation, energy of rupture, and immediate elastic recovery were also observed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051406
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) and some soluble crystalline copolymers (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 184-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) has been prepared by polymerizing the monomer over a catalyst made from titanium tetrachloride and lithium aluminum tetradecyl. The molecular weight of the crystalline polymer was invariably too high for fiber preparation, even when polymerization variables were varied drastically, so a technique for thermal cracking was developed. By heating grease-free, crystalline poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) in a vacuum at about 280°, it was possible to lower smoothly the molecular weight of the polymer to any desired value, without undesirable crosslinking or by-product formation. The polymer was melt-spun by conventional techniques to highly oriented, tough fibers. Copolymerization of 10-25% 1-hexene and other linear 1-olefins with 4-methyl-1-pentene gives products which are still high-melting, but which are readily soluble in such solvents as cyclohexane or chloroform, in contrast to the homopolymer which is only slightly soluble. Polymerization in solvents for the copolymer gave solutions which were converted to fibers and film without intermediate isolation of polymer or removal of the catalyst. An interesting terpolymer in which divinylbenzene was the third component was found to be initially soluble, but was readily crosslinked at elevated temperature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051409
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structural characterization of vulcanizates. Part II. Use of triphenylphosphine to determine the structures of sulfur linkages in unaccelerated natural rubber-sulfur vulcanizate networks (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Treatment of unaccelerated natural rubber-sulfur vulcanizate networks with triphenylphosphine in benzene at 80°C. effects the removal of part of the combined sulfur, the proportion removed decreasing with increasing cure time. This partial desulfurization of the network is attributed, on the basis of the mode of interaction of simple organic di- and polysulfides with triphenylphosphine, to the conversion of polysulfide linkages in the network into either mono- or disulfide groups. Knowledge of the amount of sulfur removed by the reagent, and of the chemical degree of crosslinking and combined sulfur content of the untreated networks permits the following semiquantitative conclusions to be reached concerning the structures of the sulfur linkages in the networks: (1) long polysulfidic crosslinks (—S11— to —S12—) are initially formed, which on continued cure progressively decrease in length to a limiting value of —S2— to —S4—; and (2) a very high proportion to the combined sulfur (ca. 77% for short cure times, increasing to ca. 95% on extended cure) is present in cyclic monosulfide groups situated along the polyisoprene chains.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051508
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relationship between glass temperature, molar cohesion, and polymer structurePresented before the Division of Polymer Chemistry at the 138th meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, September 1960. (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 318-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: An empirical equation relating glass temperature, molar cohesion, and polymer structure has been developed from data found in the literature. A fairly extensive list of group cohesion values has been obtained from this relationship and glass temperatures which are in good agreement with reported values have been calculated. The equation is $$ H_c = 0.5nRT_g - 25n $$ where Hc is the molar cohesion and n is an empirical number obtained from the polymer structure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051511
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