ALBERT

Description: Rapid assessment of an earthquake’s impact on the affected society is a crucial step in the early phase of disaster management, navigating the need for further emergency response measures. We demonstrate that felt reports collected via the LastQuake service of the European Mediterranean Seismological Center can be utilized to rapidly estimate the probability of a felt earthquake being high impact rather than low impact on a global scale. Our data-driven, transparent, and reproducible method utilizing Bayes’ theorem and kernel density estimation provides results within 10 min for 393 felt events in 2021. Although a separation of high- and low-impact events remains challenging, the cor- rect and unambiguous assessment of a large portion of low-impact events is a key strength of our approach. We consider our method as an inexpensive addition to the pool of earthquake impact assessment tools, one that is fully independent of seismic data and can be utilized in many populated areas on the planet. Although practical deployment of our method remains an open task, we demonstrate the potential to improve disaster management in regions that currently lack expensive seismic instrumentation.

Description: Time-series data of physical oceanography, ocean current velocities and bio-optical seawater properties were obtained from mooring HG-IV-SWIPS-2018 in the Fram Strait in July 2018 - August 2019 as part of the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring (FRAM) and the long-term monitoring program at AWI HAUSGARTEN. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS114, and recovered during PS121. The attached archive contains raw data files of an integrated profiling SBE52plus system (nominal depth: 135m) and a single RCM11 current meter (nominal depth: 167m; sampling interval: 1h). Due to technical issues, the profiling winch only operated as intended for 1 month. Auxiliary information such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams and schedule files are also provided, if applicable.

Description: Time-series data of physical oceanography, nutrient biogeochemistry, molecular biology, and carbon/particle export were obtained from mooring F4-S-3 in the Fram Strait in July 2018 - August 2019 as part of the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring (FRAM) and the long-term monitoring program at AWI HAUSGARTEN. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS114, and recovered during PS121. The attached archive contains raw data files of two Seabird SBE37 microcats (nominal depths: 23m, 50m; sampling interval 1h), one Wetlabs ECO PAR sensor (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 1h), one Wetlabs ECO Triplet fluorometer (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 2h), one Satlantic SUNA nitrate sensor (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 4h), one Sunburst SAMI-pCO2 sensor (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 1h) and one Sunburst SAMI-pH sensor (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 3h). The mooring also included a McLane RAS water sampler (nominal depth: 23m), a McLane PPS phytoplankton sampler (nominal depth: 25m) and two sediment traps (nominal depths: 204m, 613m). Auxiliary information such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams and schedule files are also provided, if applicable.

Description: Time-series data of physical & biological oceanography, nutrient biogeochemistry and molecular biology were obtained from mooring F4-W-1 in the Fram Strait in July 2018 - August 2019 as part of the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring (FRAM) and the long-term monitoring program at AWI HAUSGARTEN. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS114, and recovered during PS121. The attached archive contains raw data files of a profiling SBE19plus system on an NGK winch (nominal depth: 153m), two Seabird SBE37 microcats (nominal depths: 157m, 252m; sampling interval 1h), one Satlantics SUNA nitrate sensor (nominal depth: 252m; sampling interval 4h), one Sunburst SAMI-pCO2 sensor (nominal depth: 252m; sampling interval 1h) and one Sunburst SAMI-pH sensor (nominal depth: 252m; sampling interval 3h). The mooring also included a McLane RAS water sampler (nominal depth: 252m). Auxiliary information such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams and schedule files are also provided, if applicable.

Description: Time-series data of physical oceanography and carbon/particle export were obtained from mooring HG-IV-FEVI-38 in the Fram Strait in July 2018 - August 2019 as part of the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring (FRAM) and the long-term monitoring program at AWI HAUSGARTEN. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS114, and recovered during PS121. The attached archive contains raw data files of four Seabird SBE37 microcats (nominal depths: 52m, 253m, 1200m, 2526m; sampling interval 1h), two AADI RCM11 current meters (nominal depths: 203m, 1230m; sampling interval 1h), one Nortek Aquadopp current meter (nominal depth: 750m; sampling interval 20 min), one RDI Longranger ADCP (nominal depth: 409m; sampling interval 1h) and two AADI Seaguard current meters (nominal depths: 2348m, 2524m; sampling interval 1h). The mooring also included three sediment traps (nominal depths: 196m, 1223m, 2341m) and one BioOptical Platform (565m). Auxiliary information such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams and schedule files are also provided, if applicable.

Description: Time-series data of physical & biological oceanography, nutrient biogeochemistry and molecular biology were obtained from mooring HG-IV-S-4 in the Fram Strait in August 2019 - June 2021 as part of the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring (FRAM) and the long-term monitoring program at AWI HAUSGARTEN. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS121, and recovered during PS126. The attached archive contains raw data files of three Seabird SBE37 microcats (nominal depths: 18m, 23m, 47m; sampling interval 1h), two Seabird SBE56 temperature loggers (nominal depths: 28m, 38m; sampling interval 30s), one Wetlabs ECO Triplet fluorometer (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 2h) and one Wetlabs ECO PAR sensor (nominal depth: 23m; sampling interval 2h). One ISUS nitrate sensor (nominal depth: 23m) was flooded and no data is available. The mooring also included a McLane RAS water sampler (nominal depth: 23m) and a McLane PPS phytoplankton sampler (nominal depth: 25m). Auxiliary information such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams and schedule files are also provided, if applicable.

Description: This data set is a higher-processing-level version of Geolocated sea-ice or snow surface elevation point clouds from helicopter-borne laser scanner during the MOSAiC expedition, version 1 (Jutila et al., 2022; doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.950509), where the surface elevation point cloud has been converted to freeboard using automatic open water detection scheme and projected onto a regular 0.5-meter grid. The data were collected using a near-infrared, line-scanning Riegl VQ-580 airborne laser scanner (hdl:10013/sensor.7ebb63c3-dc3b-4f0f-9ca5-f1c6e5462a31 & hdl:10013/sensor.7a931b33-72ca-46d0-b623-156836ac9550) mounted in a helicopter along the MOSAiC drift from the north of the Laptev Sea, across the central Arctic Ocean, and towards the Fram Strait from September 2019 to October 2020. The flights are both small scale, ~5x5 km grid patterns mainly over the central observatory, and large scale, few tens of km away from RV Polarstern, triangle patterns, or transects. The gridded data are stored in 30-second along-track segments in netCDF format. For the small scale grid flights, the data are drift corrected using the position and heading data of RV Polarstern and elevation offset corrected using overlapping segments to overcome degraded GPS altitude data 〉85°N. Open water points are identified to derive a freeboard estimate from the surface elevations. For the flights with degraded GPS altitude quality, we provide only a freeboard estimate (grid pattern flights) or no freeboard (transects). The gridded 30-s segments include as data variables: surface elevation, freeboard (estimate), freeboard uncertainty, estimated sea surface height, surface reflectance, echo width, and number of points used in the interpolation. In addition, list of detected open water points and an overview figure of each flight is provided.

Description: This data set is a higher-processing-level version of Geolocated sea-ice or snow surface elevation point clouds from helicopter-borne laser scanner during the MOSAiC expedition, version 1 (Jutila et al., 2022; doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.950509), where the surface elevation point cloud has been converted to freeboard using automatic open water detection scheme and projected onto a regular 0.5-meter grid. The data were collected using a near-infrared, line-scanning Riegl VQ-580 airborne laser scanner (hdl:10013/sensor.7ebb63c3-dc3b-4f0f-9ca5-f1c6e5462a31 & hdl:10013/sensor.7a931b33-72ca-46d0-b623-156836ac9550) mounted in a helicopter along the MOSAiC drift from the north of the Laptev Sea, across the central Arctic Ocean, and towards the Fram Strait from September 2019 to October 2020. The flights are both small scale, ~5x5 km grid patterns mainly over the central observatory, and large scale, few tens of km away from RV Polarstern, triangle patterns, or transects. The gridded data are stored in 30-second along-track segments in netCDF format. For the small scale grid flights, the data are drift corrected using the position and heading data of RV Polarstern and elevation offset corrected using overlapping segments to overcome degraded GPS altitude data 〉85°N. Open water points are identified to derive a freeboard estimate from the surface elevations. For the flights with degraded GPS altitude quality, we provide only a freeboard estimate (grid pattern flights) or no freeboard (transects). The gridded 30-s segments include as data variables: surface elevation, freeboard (estimate), freeboard uncertainty, estimated sea surface height, surface reflectance, echo width, and number of points used in the interpolation. In addition, list of detected open water points and an overview figure of each flight is provided.

Description: The horizontal position of the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020 was measured using an acoustic Long Base Line (LBL) positioning system (LinkQuest Pinpoint). The position was recorded in the SPOT.ON survey systems software (OceanModulesTM). The track was smoothed from initial acoustic fixes and cleaned for most obvious outliers. The position is in a floe-fixed, relative coordinate system (X, Y) with the origin (X=0 m, Y=0 m) at the ROV hole. A quality flag for the position is introduced based on the time to the closest fix with “1” indicating good positon (fix reached 〈= 3s), “2” medium position (fix reached 〉 3s & 〈= 5s), and “3” bad position (fix reached 〉 5s). Depending on the scientific aim, a position with quality flag “3” can still be useful. Vehicle depth was measured by the integrated pressure sensor and calibrated to 0 during pre-survey procedures, when the top side of the vehicle was at the same level as the water surface. Vehicle attitude (roll, pitch, heading) was measured with an onboard inertial measuring unit (IMU, Microstrain) with three axis accelerometer, magnetometer and gyroscope. Depth was measured by a pressure sensor (Keller A-21Y, Keller AG) included in the main electronics housing of the ROV.

Description: The horizontal position of the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020 was measured using an acoustic Long Base Line (LBL) positioning system (LinkQuest Pinpoint). The position was recorded in the SPOT.ON survey systems software (OceanModulesTM). The track was smoothed from initial acoustic fixes and cleaned for most obvious outliers. The position is in a floe-fixed, relative coordinate system (X, Y) with the origin (X=0 m, Y=0 m) at the ROV hole. A quality flag for the position is introduced based on the time to the closest fix with “1” indicating good positon (fix reached 〈= 3s), “2” medium position (fix reached 〉 3s & 〈= 5s), and “3” bad position (fix reached 〉 5s). Depending on the scientific aim, a position with quality flag “3” can still be useful. Vehicle depth was measured by the integrated pressure sensor and calibrated to 0 during pre-survey procedures, when the top side of the vehicle was at the same level as the water surface. Vehicle attitude (roll, pitch, heading) was measured with an onboard inertial measuring unit (IMU, Microstrain) with three axis accelerometer, magnetometer and gyroscope. Depth was measured by a pressure sensor (Keller A-21Y, Keller AG) included in the main electronics housing of the ROV.