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  • T1-995
  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
  • thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
  • 2020-2024  (448)
  • 2022  (448)
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  • 2020-2024  (448)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Metalliferous minerals play a central role in the global economy. They will continue to provide the raw materials we need for industrial processes. Significant challenges will likely emerge if the climate-driven green and low-carbon development transition of metalliferous mineral exploitation is not managed responsibly and sustainably. Green low-carbon technology is vital to promote the development of metalliferous mineral resources shifting from extensive and destructive mining to clean and energy-saving mining in future decades. Global mining scientists and engineers have conducted a lot of research in related fields, such as green mining, ecological mining, energy-saving mining, and mining solid waste recycling, and have achieved a great deal of innovative progress and achievements. This Special Issue intends to collect the latest developments in the green low-carbon mining field, written by well-known researchers who have contributed to the innovation of new technologies, process optimization methods, or energy-saving techniques in metalliferous minerals development.
    Keywords: metallurgical slag-based binders ; solidification/stabilisation ; As(III) ; As(V) ; calcium hydroxide ; sublevel caving ; numerical simulation ; physical model ; structural parameter ; green mining ; limestone ; high temperature ; confining pressure ; SHPB ; constitutive model ; open-pit mine ; PLAXIS 3D ; dynamic load ; safety factor ; acceleration ; particle sedimentation ; filling mining ; degree of influence ; pipeline transportation ; solid waste utilization ; tailings ; reclamation risk ; hazard identification ; complex network ; hazard management ; digital mine ; mine short-term production planning ; haulage equipment dispatch plan ; ABCA ; NSGA ; settlement velocity measurement ; K-means ; tailings backfill ; unsupervised learning ; cemented paste backfill ; ESEM ; picture processing ; floc networks ; pumping agent ; fractal dimension ; backfill slurry ; strength of cemented backfill ; inhomogeneity of cemented backfill ; cemented tailings backfill ; copper ; zinc ; recovery ; sulfide concentrate ; artificial microbial community ; granular backfill ; bearing characteristics ; numerical model ; particle size ; surface subsidence ; blasting dust movement ; dust concentration ; particle size distribution ; blasting dust reduction ; backfill ; metal mine ; log-sigmoid ; tailings pond ; regional distribution ; dam break ; accident statistics ; causation analysis ; backfilling ; increasing resistance and reducing pressure ; computational fluid dynamics ; spiral pipe ; stowing gradient ; coal-based solid waste ; orthogonal experiment ; strength development ; regression analysis ; engineering performance ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue was intended as a forum to advance research and apply machine-learning and data-mining methods to facilitate the development of modern electric power systems, grids and devices, and smart grids and protection devices, as well as to develop tools for more accurate and efficient power system analysis. Conventional signal processing is no longer adequate to extract all the relevant information from distorted signals through filtering, estimation, and detection to facilitate decision-making and control actions. Machine learning algorithms, optimization techniques and efficient numerical algorithms, distributed signal processing, machine learning, data-mining statistical signal detection, and estimation may help to solve contemporary challenges in modern power systems. The increased use of digital information and control technology can improve the grid’s reliability, security, and efficiency; the dynamic optimization of grid operations; demand response; the incorporation of demand-side resources and integration of energy-efficient resources; distribution automation; and the integration of smart appliances and consumer devices. Signal processing offers the tools needed to convert measurement data to information, and to transform information into actionable intelligence. This Special Issue includes fifteen articles, authored by international research teams from several countries.
    Keywords: virtual power plant (VPP) ; power quality (PQ) ; global index ; distributed energy resources (DER) ; energy storage systems (ESS) ; power systems ; long-term assessment ; battery energy storage systems (BESS) ; smart grids ; conducted disturbances ; power quality ; supraharmonics ; 2–150 kHz ; Power Line Communications (PLC) ; intentional emission ; non-intentional emission ; mains signalling ; virtual power plant ; data mining ; clustering ; distributed energy resources ; energy storage systems ; short term conditions ; cluster analysis (CA) ; nonlinear loads ; harmonics, cancellation, and attenuation of harmonics ; waveform distortion ; THDi ; low-voltage networks ; optimization techniques ; different batteries ; off-grid microgrid ; integrated renewable energy system ; cluster analysis ; K-means ; agglomerative ; ANFIS ; fuzzy logic ; induction generator ; MPPT ; neural network ; renewable energy ; variable speed WECS ; wind energy conversion system ; wind energy ; frequency estimation ; spectrum interpolation ; power network disturbances ; COVID-19 ; time-varying reproduction number ; social distancing ; load profile ; demographic characteristic ; household energy consumption ; demand-side management ; energy management ; time series ; Hidden Markov Model ; short-term forecast ; sparse signal decomposition ; supervised dictionary learning ; dictionary impulsion ; singular value decomposition ; discrete cosine transform ; discrete Haar transform ; discrete wavelet transform ; transient stability assessment ; home energy management ; binary-coded genetic algorithms ; optimal power scheduling ; demand response ; Data Injection Attack ; machine learning ; critical infrastructure ; smart grid ; water treatment plant ; power system ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The fundamentals of mechanical system dynamics were established before the beginning of the industrial era. The 18th century was a very important time for science and was characterized by the development of classical mechanics. This development progressed in the 19th century, and new, important applications related to industrialization were found and studied. The development of computers in the 20th century revolutionized mechanical system dynamics owing to the development of numerical simulation. We are now in the presence of the fourth industrial revolution. Mechanical systems are increasingly integrated with electrical, fluidic, and electronic systems, and the industrial environment has become characterized by the cyber-physical systems of industry 4.0. Within this framework, the status-of-the-art has become represented by integrated mechanical systems and supported by accurate dynamic models able to predict their dynamic behavior. Therefore, mechanical systems dynamics will play a central role in forthcoming years. This Special Issue aims to disseminate the latest research findings and ideas in the field of mechanical systems dynamics, with particular emphasis on novel trends and applications.
    Keywords: tire model ; tire temperature ; FSAE vehicle ; rolling bearing ; rigid rotor ; internal radial clearance ; number of rolling elements ; vibration ; varying compliance vibration ; ball passage frequency ; load ; trucks ; handling stability ; lightweight ; taper-leaf spring ; suspension ; step steer ; motorcycle tires ; thermal modeling ; performance optimization ; real-time simulations ; conveyor ; friction ; rolling ; non-linear simulation ; fractal derivative ; viscoelastic models ; polymers ; bicycle ; mountain bike ; tire tread pattern ; force and moment ; e-bike ; tyre ; dynamics ; active rear axle independent steering (ARIS) system ; hierarchical synchronization control ; virtual coupling control ; linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) ; computational fluid dynamics ; fluid sloshing ; table cart method ; zero moment point ; rider ; body segment inertial parameters ; biomechanics ; human body ; motorcycle ; multibody ; robot ; compliance ; machining ; modes of vibration ; impulsive testing ; dynamic parameter identification ; dynamic parameters ; parallel kinematics ; parallel robot ; parallel manipulator ; varying friction ; valve train ; coupled approach ; NVH ; vibration energy control ; multi-physics mechanism theory ; non-linear stiffness ; isolation ; hydraulic system ; magnetic spring ; articulated vehicle ; hydraulic steering system ; directional stability ; deformable soil ; tracked vehicle ; contact model ; two-wheeler ; vehicle dynamic modelling ; wobble ; weave ; fork bending compliance ; rider influence ; ADAS ; driver model ; load cell ; steering wheel ; cable robots ; motion planning ; cable failure ; recovery strategy ; roller chain ; chain efficiency ; sliding friction ; lateral offset ; damping force ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Recently, the development of polymeric materials for biomedical applications has advanced significantly. Polymeric materials are favored in the development of therapeutic devices, including temporary implants and three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering and in vitro disease modelling.Further advancements have also occurred in the utilization of polymeric materials for pharmacological applications, such as delivery vehicles for drug release.We would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. Research topics of interest include, but are not limited to, recent advances related to 3D cell culture, biomaterials, tissue engineering, disease modelling, hydrogel, organoids, drug discovery, bioimaging, cardio-renal, metabolic disease, and stem cell biology.
    Keywords: hydrogels ; crosslinking ; degradable ; gamma (γ)-irradiation ; sterilization ; sterility assurance ; antibacterial ability ; jojoba ; Simmondsia ; chemistry ; liquid wax ; biology ; toxicity ; pharmaceutical/industrial uses ; articular cartilage ; mechanical properties ; tribological properties ; antibacterial ; pathogens ; infectious diseases ; silver nanoparticles ; wound care ; wound dressings ; polymers ; gelatin ; nanofibers ; sponges ; Ag/RGO nanocomposites ; green preparation ; anticancer performance ; potential mechanism ; oxidative stress ; hydrogel ; poloxamer 407 polymer ; poloxamer 407 gel ; transungual drug delivery ; onychomycosis ; ungual penetration enhancer ; Terbinafine ; diafiltration ; SAXS ; aromatic interactions ; poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) ; chlorpheniramine ; polyelectrolyte ; aggregation ; coaxial electrospinning ; extracellular matrix ; myelination ; oligodendrocyte ; water-soluble materials ; orthokeratology lens ; protein deposition ; optical characteristics ; rubbing ; chitosan ; kenaf ; nanocrystalline cellulose ; platelet lysate ; wound healing ; carbohydrate polymers blends ; functional food ; antioxidant activity ; co-microencapsulation ; spray drying ; bacteria viability (Bacillus clausii) ; probiotics ; itraconazole ; self-emulsifying nanovesicles ; transungual ; anti-fungal ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This e-book summarises the latest advances in the rheumatic diseases with a focus on the recent efforts of vascular and pulmonary manifestations and anticipate the new and future directions of these research topic. Rheumatic diseases represent a heterogeneous group of severe autoimmune disorders. The present Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the complexity of vascular and pulmonary manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and helps in knowledge to manage them. The eleven published articles here collected underline the complexity of rheumatic diseases and the difficult to treated them. The manuscripts provide an overview of the pathophysiology and current treatment regimes of these disorders, highlighting tools which assist with diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy. Finally, we underline the importance of a multidisciplinary team working using the skills of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists.
    Keywords: systemic sclerosis ; scleroderma ; interstitial lung disease ; pulmonary function tests ; high-resolution computed tomography ; rheumatic ; pulmonary arterial hypertension ; targeted therapy ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; airway disease ; shrinking lung syndrome ; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage ; pleurisy ; infection ; cardiopulmonary exercise testing ; osteopontin ; connective tissue diseases ; pulmonary involvement ; microvascular involvement ; nailfold capillaroscopy ; rheumatoid arthritis ; interstitial lung diseases ; CX3CL1/fractalkine ; CX3CR1 ; M1 macrophage ; M2 macrophage ; SKG mice ; heart failure ; 3D-echocardiography ; ventricular function ; outcome ; ventricular-arterial coupling ; antifibrotic agents ; COVID-19 ; IPF ; progressive fibrosing ILD ; UIP ; pharmacological interactions ; fibromyalgia ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; probiotic ; VSL#3® ; efficacy ; tolerability ; polymyalgia rheumatica ; vagus nerve stimulation ; inflammatory response ; PMR ; t-vns ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the implementation of sustainable concrete systems has been a topic of great interest in the field of construction engineering worldwide, as a result of the large and rapid increase in carbon emissions and environmental problems resulting from traditional concrete production and industry. For example, the uses of supplementary cementitious materials, geopolymer binder, recycled aggregate and industrial/agricultural wastes in concrete are all approaches to building a sustainable concrete system. However, such materials have inherent flaws due to their variety of sources, and exhibit very different properties compared with traditional concrete. Therefore, they require specific modifications in preprocessing, design, and evaluation before use in concrete. This reprint, entitled “Advances in Sustainable Concrete System”, covers a broad range of advanced concrete research in environmentally friendly concretes, cost-effective admixtures, and waste recycling, specifically including the design methods, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure, various models, hydration mechanisms, and practical applications of solid wastes in concrete systems.
    Keywords: high-strength concrete ; energy evolution ; elastic strain energy ; brittleness evaluation index ; concrete ; humidity ; moisture absorption ; moisture desorption ; numerical simulation ; acoustic emission ; AE rate process theory ; corrosion rate ; damage evolution ; axial load ; precast concrete structure ; lattice girder semi-precast slabs ; bending resistance ; FE modelling ; concrete damage ; GSP ; high strength ; hydration ; strength ; penetrability ; rice husk ash ; sustainable concrete ; artificial neural networks ; multiple linear regression ; eco-friendly concrete ; green concrete ; sustainable development ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; machine learning ; bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; natural coarse aggregate ; recycled coarse aggregate ; two-stage concrete ; materials design ; recycled concrete ; crumb rubber concrete ; crumb rubber ; NaOH treatment ; lime treatment ; water treatment ; detergent treatment ; compressive strength ; materials ; adhesively-bonded joint ; temperature aging ; residual strength ; mechanical behavior ; failure criterion ; steel slag powder ; compound activator ; mortar strength ; orthogonal experiment ; GM (0, N) model ; ultrafine metakaolin ; silica fume ; durability ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; damage mechanism ; uniaxial tension ; cracked concrete ; crack width ; crack depth ; tortuosity ; sustainability ; concrete composites ; sulfate and acid attacks ; WPFT fibers ; coal gangue ; gradation ; cement content ; unconfined compressive strength ; freeze–thaw cycle ; minimum energy dissipation principle ; three-shear energy yield criterion ; damage variable ; constitutive model ; phosphorus slag ; limestone ; sulphate-corrosion resistance ; volume deformation ; blast furnace ferronickel slag ; alkali-activated material ; dosage of activator ; reactive powder concrete ; beam-column joint ; FE modeling ; crack ; cementitious gravel ; fly ash ; age ; optimal dosage ; bamboo ; sawdust ; pretreatment ; bio-based material ; mechanical property ; self-compacting concrete ; supplementary cementitious materials ; hydration mechanisms ; microstructure ; fresh properties ; synthetic polymer ; high temperature ; bentonite-free drilling fluid ; rheology ; filtration ; FRP reinforced concrete slab ; punching shear strength ; SHAP ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In impulse-based manufacturing technologies, the energy required to form, join or cut components acts on the workpiece in a very short time and suddenly accelerates workpiece areas to very high velocities. The correspondingly high strain rates, together with inertia effects, affect the behavior of many materials, resulting in technological benefits such as improved formability, reduced localizing and springback, extended possibilities to produce high-quality multi material joints and burr-free cutting. This Special Issue of JMMP presents the current research findings, which focus on exploiting the full potential of these processes by providing a deeper understanding of the technology and the material behavior and detailed knowledge about the sophisticated process and equipment design. The range of processes that are considered covers electromagnetic forming, electrohydraulic forming, adiabatic cutting, forming by vaporizing foil actuators and other impulse-based manufacturing technologies. Papers show significant improvements in the aforementioned processes with regard to: Processes analysis; Measurement technique; Technology development; Materials and modelling; Tools and equipment; Industrial implementation.
    Keywords: magnetic pulse welding ; spot welds ; linear coils ; shear lap test ; automotive alloys ; numerical analysis ; LS-DYNA ; impact deformation ; vaporizing foil actuator ; powder compaction ; spallation ; inclined collision welding ; dissimilar material combinations ; impact velocity ; impact angle ; collision velocity ; impulse forming ; bulge forming ; permeability ; conductivity ; adiabatic blanking ; adiabatic shear band ; high velocity ; clearance ; blanked surface ; stress triaxiality ; FE simulation ; electromagnetic forming ; proximity effect ; Lorentz forces ; coil windings ; electro-hydraulic ; pulsed forming ; numerical simulation ; preforming ; collision welding ; impact welding ; welding window ; aluminum and copper ; high-speed imaging ; jet ; cloud of particles ; energy balance ; energy extraction ; melting ; material properties ; interface morphology ; magnetic pulse welding (MPW) ; AA6016 ; aluminum ; 22MnB5 ; press-hardening steel ; interface characterization ; mechanical characterization ; tribological characterization ; high strain rate ; elevated temperature ; additive manufacturing ; 18Ni300 maraging steel ; constitutive modelling ; damage modelling ; machining simulation ; magnetic pulse forming ; electro-hydraulic forming ; high strain rates ; lightweight ; high pulsed power ; formability ; simulation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Physical processes are keys for the status of a lake. In this Special Issue, the emphasis is on dissolved oxygen and on exchange of gases, energy and momentum between atmosphere and further mixing and consumption within the water. The studies presented relate to ice-free as well as ice-covered lakes. Field measurements are combined with theoretical approaches.
    Keywords: hydrodynamic model ; bubble plume ; artificial mixing ; GLM ; Si3D ; dissolved gas ; Henry law ; total gas pressure ; ebullition ; greenhouse gases ; lacustrine waters ; diurnal variation ; hourly model ; water temperature ; dissolved oxygen ; shallow lakes ; and sediment heat flux ; water quality ; chlorophyll-a ; phosphorus ; phosphorus release ; full set of turbulent stresses ; Acoustic Doppler current profilers ; interbeam velocity correlations ; ice-covered lakes ; convectively-mixed layer ; anisotropic turbulence ; shallow lake ; ice-covered period ; ice phenology ; snow-ice cover thickness ; under-ice irradiance ; radiatively driven convection ; climate change ; 3D modelling ; stratification ; bubble plumes ; fractal ; lakes ; mixing ; multi-scale ; turbulence ; energy fluxes ; energy content ; reservoirs ; internal waves ; surface waves ; biogenic turbulence ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles wrapped in a lipid bilayer membrane and are naturally released from cells. This kind of cargo vessel is a nanostructure that mainly transfers lipids, proteins, various nucleic acid fragments, and metabolic components to neighboring cells or distant parts of the body through the circulatory system. EVs are of great significance to the communication mechanism between cells. This book collects feature articles to enhance our understanding of the biological characteristics of EVs and their potential applications.
    Keywords: extracellular vesicle ; precision oncology ; cancer biomarker ; prostate cancer ; drug delivery ; extracellular vesicles ; lysosome ; nanocarriers ; ultrasound ; size exclusion chromatography ; differential ultracentrifugation ; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ; exosomes ; cancer ; biomarker ; diagnostic ; therapy ; liquid biopsy ; small extracellular vesicles (sEV) ; tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) ; melanoma cell-derived exosomes (MTEX) ; proteomics ; tumor microenvironment ; biomarkers ; ectosomes ; neoplasia ; microvesicles ; small extracellular vesicles ; isolation ; purification ; size-exclusion chromatography ; ultracentrifugation ; sucrose density cushion ; lymph node ; spleen ; solid tissue ; microvesicle ; exosome ; cancer therapeutic ; drug carrier ; flow cytometry ; immunophenotyping ; swarm detection ; tumor-associated macrophages ; macrophage polarization ; mannose receptor ; HIV-1 Nef ; glioblastoma ; microRNA ; immunoprecipitation ; CD44 ; human milk ; nutrient ; microbiota ; microRNAs ; nanocommunicator ; diagnostic biomarker ; drug delivery vehicle ; personalized cancer immunotherapy ; therapeutic agents ; cell-to-cell communication ; ionising radiation ; non-targeted effects ; signalling ; imaging flow cytometry ; biomarker reservoirs ; cancer diagnostics ; disease monitoring ; large EVs ; ovarian cancer cells ; ES-2 ; OAW-42 ; adipose tissue origin mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint is related to the latest research in the field of thyroid surgery, including molecular and imaging diagnosis, surgical treatment, and the treatment of recurrent disease and advanced thyroid carcinoma.
    Keywords: thyroid carcinoma ; prophylactic central lymph node dissection ; lymph node metastases ; RET ; medullary thyroid carcinoma ; clinical management ; variants of uncertain significance ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; papillary thyroid cancer ; minimal extrathyroidal extension ; radioactive iodine therapy ; prognosis ; TNM ; histology ; multifocality ; lymph node metastasis ; vascular invasion ; autoimmune thyroid diseases ; radioiodine refractory ; Lenvatinib ; 18F-FDG-PET/CT ; cost-benefit analysis ; economics ; medical ; thyroid neoplasms ; radiomics ; ultrasound ; magnetic resonance imaging ; computer tomography ; prediction ; classification ; angiogenic microenvironment ; prognostic factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; therapeutic target ; tumor microenvironment ; tumor behavior ; proliferation pathways ; cell cycle control pathways ; angiogenesis process ; thyroid cancer ; Gal-3 expression ; NIFTP ; EFVPTC ; lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) ; immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis ; molecular imaging ; theranostics ; companion diagnostics ; immunoPET ; anaplastic thyroid cancer ; poorly thyroid cancer ; genetic landscape ; genetically guided therapy ; fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG) ; positron emission tomography (PET) ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; recurrence ; neoplasm metastasis ; thyroid surgery ; hypoparathyroidism ; fluorescence-guided surgery ; near-infrared autofluorescence ; PRKAR1A ; PKA ; Carney complex ; cAMP ; bone metastasis ; metastasectomy ; stereotactic radiosurgery ; ultrasound imaging ; thyroid nodule ; fine-needle aspiration ; papillary thyroid carcinoma ; lobectomy ; operative extent ; CONUT score ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 12
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-02-11
    Description: law; medicine; medico legal; bioethics and health law; ethics; philosophy
    Keywords: law; medicine; medico legal; bioethics and health law; ethics; philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAD Bio-ethics ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Chronic intestinal diseases are increasing around the world. With poor quality of life and expensive healthcare costs, the patients demand novel approaches and treatments for better clinical outcomes. This book illustrates the state of the art and the envisaged near future in the management of these pathologies.
    Keywords: chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction ; parenteral nutrition ; pediatrics ; myopathy ; neuropathy ; IBS ; microbiota ; visceral hypersensitivity ; colorectal motility ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; anti-TNF ; ustekinumab ; vedolizumab ; postoperative complications ; surgery ; preoperative therapy ; biologic therapy ; bio-naïve ; IBD ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; lymphocyte migration ; treatment ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; biologic treatment ; combination ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue is aimed to offer an overview of studies presenting new rehabilitation approaches addressed to children with neurodevelopmental disorders, designed to enhance the effects of learning processes through the use of new technologies. The contributions of this Special Issue, authored by researchers and clinicians from some of the most valued Italian scientific institutions in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders, can offer some useful data and advice on the use of technology in rehabilitation and telerehabilitation to researchers, rehabilitators, clinicians and pratictioners (psychologists, neuropsychologists, speech therapists, etc.).
    Keywords: neurorehabilitation ; cognitive enhancement in children ; tech mediated rehabilitation ; developmental coordination disorders ; virtual reality ; telerehabilitation ; specific learning disorders ; cerebral palsy ; well-being ; dyslexia ; rhythm ; music therapy ; intervention ; developmental dyslexia ; new technologies ; augmented reality ; good practices ; Delphi method ; rehabilitation ; remote intervention ; children ; age ; severity ; improvement ; follow-up ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 15
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    The White Horse Press | The White Horse Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: "In this important and original interdisciplinary work, well-known environmental philosopher Eric Katz explores technology’s role in dominating, and thus destroying, both nature and human life and society. Katz’s argument innovatively connects two distinct areas: the fundamental goal of the Holocaust, including Nazi environmental policy, to heal the degenerate elements of society; and the plan to heal degraded natural systems that informs the contemporary environmental policy of ‘ecological restoration’. In both arenas of ‘healing’, Katz argues that technology drives action, while domination emerges as the prevailing ideology. Katz’s work is a plea for the development of a technology that does not dominate and destroy but instead promotes autonomy and freedom. Anne Frank, a victim of Nazi ideology and action, saw the titular tree behind her secret annex as a symbol of freedom and moral goodness. In Katz’s argument, the tree represents a free and autonomous nature. 'Anne Frank’s Tree' is rooted in an empirical approach to philosophy, seating complex ethical ideas in a powerful narrative of historical fact and deeply personal lived experience."
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; History ; Philosophy ; History ; Holocaust ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTZ Genocide and ethnic cleansing::NHTZ1 The Holocaust ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWR Specific wars and campaigns::NHWR7 Second World War ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPB Early 20th century c 1900 to c 1950::3MPBL c 1940 to c 1949
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Recent research of epidural and transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation has demonstrated unprecedented improvements in motor function thought to be irreversibly lost due to chronic, severe spinal cord injury. Studies in parallel assess these methods for spasticity management as an alternative to medications that are often accompanied by deleterious side effects. As a noninvasive intervention, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation holds the great potential to find its way into wide clinical application. Its firm establishment and lasting acceptance as clinical practice in spinal cord injury will not only hinge on the demonstration of safety and efficacy, but also on the delineation of a conceptual framework of the underlying physiological mechanisms. This will also require advancing our understanding of immediate and temporary effects of transcutaneous spinal cord on neuronal circuits in the intact and injured spinal cord. The purpose of this collection of papers is to bring together peers in the field to share—and eventually fuse—their pertinent research into current neurorehabilitation practice by providing a clinical perspective and novel insights into the underlying mechanisms.
    Keywords: human ; neuromodulation ; neurorehabilitation ; non-invasive ; spinal cord injury ; transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation ; evoked potentials motor ; motor activity ; spinal cord stimulation ; spinal reflexes ; voluntary ankle control ; walking ; hand training ; combined intervention ; cervical spinal cord ; activity-based therapy ; gait ; locomotion ; paraplegia ; task-specific training ; tetraplegia ; use-dependent plasticity ; antispasmodic ; electrical stimulation ; pendulum test ; intensity effect ; muscle strength effect ; cervical ; corticospinal pathway ; spinal reflex ; electrically evoked spinal motor potentials ; cervical spinal cord injury ; motor evoked potentials ; automation ; electromyography ; noninvasive ; Parkinson’s disease ; posterior root-muscle reflexes ; spasticity ; transcutaneous ; biophysics ; H reflex ; M wave ; posterior root-muscle reflex ; posterior root stimulation ; spine alignment ; spinal cord ; spine ; spinal stimulation ; corticospinal tract ; functional connectivity ; movement ; sensorimotor networks ; task dependence ; interlimb coordination ; rehabilitation ; neurophysiology ; Hoffmann (H)-reflex ; motor-evoked potential ; electroencephalography ; event-related desynchronisation ; posterior root muscle reflex ; evoked potentials ; lumbar spinal cord ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The concept of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) encompasses novel kinds of medicines for human use that are based on genes, cells or tissues. These intend to offer not only regeneration, but complete functional recovery of diseased tissues and organs using different strategies. Gene therapy, cell therapy and tissue engineering are the main areas in which promising advanced therapies are emerging. The eye is a very complex organ whose main structures, the cornea and the retina, play a pivotal role in maintaining normal vision, as severe alterations in these tissues can lead to blindness. Ocular tissues are starting to benefit from ATMPs by fighting against the enormous complexity and devastating potential of many ocular diseases. However, developments arising from this field of work face important challenges related to vectors to deliver drugs and genetic material to target tissues, suitable biomaterials to prepare cell scaffolds and cell stemness, among others—not to mention the complicated legislation around ATMPs, the complexity in production and quality control and the absence of standardized protocols.The purpose of this Special Issue is to serve as an overview of the current progress in the application of cell and gene therapies, as well as tissue engineering to restore functionality in diseased ocular structures, and the challenges linked to reaching patients.
    Keywords: MPC polymer ; dry eye ; ocular surface ; lacrimal fluid ; mucin ; 3D bioprinting ; cornea ; retina ; ophthalmology ; tissue regeneration ; electrospinning ; conjunctiva ; decellularized tissue matrix ; small intestinal submucosa ; urinary bladder matrix ; polycaprolactone ; fiber ; tissue engineering ; stratification ; conjunctival epithelial cells ; hydrogel ; keratoplasty ; scaffold ; collagen ; advanced therapy medicinal product ; ATMP ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; eye ; ocular ; regulatory ; marketing authorization ; double-crosslinking ; carbodiimide ; glutaraldehyde ; sodium metabisulfite ; sodium borohydride ; EDC/NHS ; stem cells ; retinal diseases ; optic nerve diseases ; cell replacement ; cell sources ; advanced therapies ; ocular mucosa ; blindness ; CLET ; limbal niche ; limbal stem cell ; LSCD ; mesenchymal stem cell transplantation ; MSCT ; corneal limbus ; decellularized xenograft ; recellularization ; mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The scope of the Special Issue is research and reviews on evaluations of current practice, innovations in medication management, developments in therapeutics, and pharmaceutical science research that informs and improves practice and administration, as well as the social and administrative pharmacy. We will mainly feature original research, reviews, short reports, and clinical studies, but also case reports, descriptive/how-to, and commentary submissions for consideration.
    Keywords: older adults ; polypharmacy ; internal medicine ward ; community pharmacy ; drug disposal ; unused medication ; environment ; awareness ; practice ; ambulatory care facilities ; health workforce ; pharmacists ; Taiwan ; Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) ; National Health Service (NHS) ; Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health Fellowship ; CPhOGH Fellows ; CwPAMS ; pharmacy ; fellowship ; health partnerships ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; global health ; leadership ; non-prescription medicines ; emergency contraception ; community pharmacies ; information gathering ; availability ; pricing ; mystery calls ; ulipristal acetate ; levonorgestrel ; Germany ; e-prescription ; prescription writing ; Jazan ; Saudi Arabia ; prescription errors ; medicine consumption ; defined daily dose ; adolescents and young adults ; cancer patients ; fragility ; pain ; MUR ; medication review ; barriers ; pharmacist ; pregabalin ; abuse ; community pharmacists ; reproductive health ; contraception ; emergency contraceptives ; patient education ; biosensing technology ; digital medicine system ; medication adherence ; medication event monitoring system ; nonadherence ; prescription opioids ; mortality ; standardized mortality ratio ; underlying cause of death ; prescriptions ; community pharmacy services ; emergency prescribing ; pharmacy practice ; pharmacy law and regulation ; COVID-19 ; additional monitoring ; black triangle ; adverse event reporting ; pharmacovigilance ; intervention ; outcomes ; systematic review ; pharmacy education ; decision to study in pharmacy ; selecting pharmacy as a first choice ; pharmacogenomics ; learning activity ; asynchronous learning ; virtual learning ; student survey ; Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly ; adverse drug events ; medication-related problems ; drug-related problems ; medication safety ; Medicare ; Medicaid ; financial management ; pharmacy management ; business ; entrepreneurship ; pharmacy students ; perception ; attitudes ; ability ; interprofessional ; simulation ; acute care ; nursing ; students ; standardized patients ; high fidelity ; SPICE-R2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book entitled "Feature Papers in Electronic Materials Section" is a collection of selected papers recently published on the journal Materials, focusing on the latest advances in electronic materials and devices in different fields (e.g., power- and high-frequency electronics, optoelectronic devices, detectors, etc.). In the first part of the book, many articles are dedicated to wide band gap semiconductors (e.g., SiC, GaN, Ga2O3, diamond), focusing on the current relevant materials and devices technology issues. The second part of the book is a miscellaneous of other electronics materials for various applications, including two-dimensional materials for optoelectronic and high-frequency devices. Finally, some recent advances in materials and flexible sensors for bioelectronics and medical applications are presented at the end of the book.
    Keywords: vertical GaN ; quasi-vertical GaN ; reliability ; trapping ; degradation ; MOS ; trench MOS ; threshold voltage ; nanomanufacturing ; high-throughput method ; material printing ; flexible bioelectronics ; nanomembrane ; hybrid integration ; GaAs ; InGaAs channel ; epitaxial lift-off ; HEMT ; van der Waals ; 3C-SiC ; stacking faults ; doping ; KOH etching ; silicon carbide ; radiation hardness ; proton and electron irradiation ; charge removal rate ; compensation ; irradiation temperature ; heteroepitaxy ; bulk growth ; compliant substrates ; defects ; stress ; cubic silicon carbide ; power electronics ; thin film ; iron-based superconductor ; pulsed laser deposition ; transmission electron microscopy ; diamond ; MPCVD growth ; electron microscopy ; chemical vapour deposition ; 2D materials ; MoS2 ; silica point defects ; optical fibers ; radiation effects ; 4H-SiC ; ohmic contact ; SIMS ; Ti3SiC2 ; simulation ; Schottky barrier ; Schottky diodes ; electrical characterization ; graphene absorption ; Fabry–Perot filter ; radio frequency sputtering ; CVD graphene ; GaN ; thermal management ; GaN-on-diamond ; CVD ; arrhythmia detection ; cardiovascular monitoring ; soft biosensors ; wearable sensors ; flexible electronics ; gate dielectric ; aluminum oxide ; interface ; traps ; instability ; insulators ; binary oxides ; high-κ dielectrics ; wide band gap semiconductors ; energy electronics ; ultra-wide bandgap ; diodes ; transistors ; gallium oxide ; Ga2O3 ; spinel ; ZnGa2O4 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The trend of digitalization is an omnipresent phenomenon nowadays – in social life and in the dental community. Advancement in digital technology has fostered research into new dental materials for the use of these workflows, particularly in the field of prosthodontics and oral implantology.CAD/CAM-technology has been the game changer for the production of tooth-borne and implant-supported (monolithic) reconstructions: from optical scanning, to on-screen designing, and rapid prototyping using milling or 3D-printing. In this context, the continuous development and speedy progress in digital workflows and dental materials ensure new opportunities in dentistry.The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the current knowledge with state-of-the-art theory and practical information on digital workflows to determine the uptake of technological innovations in dental materials science. In addition, emphasis is placed on identifying future research needs to manage the continuous increase in digitalization in combination with dental materials and to accomplish their clinical translation.This Special Issue welcomes all types of studies and reviews considering the perspectives of the various stakeholders with regard to digital dentistry and dental materials.
    Keywords: Dentistry ; Prosthodontics ; Implant ; dentistry ; Digital ; technology ; Dental ; materials ; Rapid ; prototyping ; CAD/CAM ; Optical ; scanning ; 3D ; printing ; Translational ; research ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Rare diseases, or orphan diseases, are those that individually affect a small number of patients, but taken together affect over 300 million people worldwide. They are characterized by their etiological, diagnostic and evolutionary complexity, important morbi-mortality, with high levels of disability that entail and hinder the development of a normal vital subject, not only in those who suffer from them, but also their families; therefore, a comprehensive social health approach is necessary to address this problem.About 80% of rare diseases have a genetic origin, mainly monogenic; thus, genetic testing is mandatory for the confirmation of clinical diagnostics and to ensure correct genetic counseling. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled a revolution in genetic diseases, specially in rare diseases. However, their complexity makes diagnoses difficult even with the advent of NGS.In this Special Issue, we present several examples of the complexity of genetic diagnosis for most of these diseases and the consequences that genetic testing implies for genetic counseling. There are examples of the genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss, some metabolic and lisosomal disorders, ataxia, Prader–Willi syndrome, and three comprehensive reviews on syndromic retinal dystrophies, the complexity of the molecular diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders, and the value of genetic counseling before and after a genetic test.
    Keywords: retina ; inherited retinal diseases ; syndrome ; Turner syndrome ; mosaicism ; ring chromosomes ; growth hormone deficiency ; pituitary microadenoma ; clinical genetics ; early onset ataxia ; dystonia ; neurodevelopment ; network analysis ; bioinformatics ; ataxia ; phenotype ; child ; NGS ; next generation sequencing ; inborn errors of metabolism ; lysosomal disorders ; neuromuscular disease ; genetic testing ; whole exome sequencing ; Prader–Willi syndrome ; imprinting disorder ; recombinant human growth hormone ; insulin-like growth factor 1 ; HMGLD ; HMGCL ; HMG-CoA lyase deficiency ; inherited metabolic diseases ; familial hearing loss ; multiple diagnoses ; non-syndromic hearing loss ; ACTG1 ; MYH9 ; genetic counselling ; rare diseases ; professional recognition ; hearing loss ; genetic diagnosis ; SLC26A4 ; DFNB4 ; Tuvinians ; Altaians ; Southern Siberia ; Russia ; GSDME ; DFNA5 ; single-exon CNV ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Previous and current resource use models have led to high levels of pollution, environmental degradation, and depletion of natural resources. The waste policy has a long history and has traditionally focused on more environmentally sustainable waste management. To be efficient in terms of resource use, the principles of the circular economy should change this trend, transforming the economy into a sustainable economy. The new waste regulations introduce new waste management objectives in terms of waste prevention, reuse, recycling, and storage by addressing new processes.
    Keywords: municipal solid waste ; calorific value ; energy potential ; sustainable process ; resource efficiency ; entrepreneurship ; entrepreneurial intentions ; education for sustainable development ; innovation ; sindh engro coal mine ; environmental sustainability ; health and safety ; social interaction and quality of life ; economic development ; palm kernel shell ; graphite ; catalytic graphitization ; biomass waste ; globalization ; economic growth ; natural resources ; ecological footprint ; environmental Kuznets curve ; Thailand ; oil pipeline ; incidents ; cause ; petroleum products ; statistical analysis ; consequences ; safety ; Chi-Square test ; cross-tabulation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The contributions presented in this book series portray the advances of the research in the field of interferometric photonic technology and its novel applications. The wide scope explored by the range of different contributions intends to provide a synopsis of the current research trends and the state of the art in this field, covering recent technological improvements, new production methodologies and emerging applications, for researchers coming from different fields of science and industry. The manuscripts published in the Special issue, and re-printed in this book series, report on topics that range from interferometric sensors for thickness and dynamic displacement measurement, up to pulse wave and spirometry applications.
    Keywords: fiber-optic temperature sensor ; chloroform fiber ; Sagnac interferometer ; optical microfiber coupler ; interferometer ; salinity sensing ; optic fiber sensor ; optical fiber sensor ; cleaved fiber ; Vernier effect ; optical interferometer ; fiber optics sensors ; dual-core fiber ; temperature sensing ; optical coherence tomography ; low-coherence interferometry ; large-scale imaging ; biomedical sensor ; intermodal interferometer ; singlemode-multimode-singlemode ; Fabry–Perot interferometer ; fiber Bragg grating ; pulse wave ; spectral interferometry ; seismic measurement ; dynamic impact ; dynamic response ; interferometric sensor ; pneumatic sensor ; thickness measurement ; plastics measurement ; moiré effects ; diffraction theory ; lenses ; mirrors ; digital image processing ; large-field ; speckle interferometer ; MEMS ; displacement measurement ; miniaturized optical sensors ; Fabry–Pérot interferometers ; tuning range ; efficiency ; nanoimprint ; integration in fiber optics ; multiplex advantage ; photonic crystals ; plasmonics ; flow sensor ; pulmonary function assessment ; spirometry ; interferometric sensors ; optical fiber ; photonics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Advanced and novel thermal technologies, such as ohmic heating, dielectric heating (e.g., microwave heating and radio frequency heating), and inductive heating, have been developed to improve the effectiveness of heat processing whilst guaranteeing food safety and eliminating undesirable impacts on the organoleptic and nutritional properties of foods. Novel thermal technologies rely on heat generation directly inside foods, which has implications for improving the overall energy efficiency of the heating process itself. The use of novel thermal technologies is dependent on the complexity and inherent properties of the food materials of interest (e.g., thermal conductivity, electrical resistance, water content, pH, rheological properties, food porosity, and presence of particulates). Moreover, there is a need to address the combined use of thermal processing with emerging technologies such as pulsed electric fields, high hydrostatic pressure, and ultrasound to complement the conventional thermal processing of fluid or solid foods. This Special Issue provides readers with an overview of the latest applications of various novel technologies in food processing. A total of eight cutting-edge original research papers and one comprehensive review paper discussing novel processing technologies from the perspectives of food safety, sustainability, process engineering, (bio)chemical changes, health, nutrition, sensory issues, and consumers are covered in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: pecan ; dielectric properties ; radio frequency (RF) heating ; simulation ; maceration-fermentation ; polyphenol extraction ; PEF ; Grenache ; sensory analysis. ; hyperspectral imaging ; cold spots ; microwave ; sterilization ; Maillard reaction ; frying ; mathematical model ; mass transfer ; heat transfer ; pulsed electric fields ; solid plant foods ; Geobacillus ; Clostridium ; spores ; inactivation ; thermal resistance ; senior-friendly food ; solid–liquid mixture ; ohmic heating ; vacuum ; blanching ; drying ; efficiency ; energy ; ultrasound ; potato ; variable space network method ; enthalpy method ; approximate quasi-steady-state analysis ; explicit finite difference ; kinetic ; pulsed electric field ; cultivar ; colour ; lightness ; first order ; activation energy ; Arrhenius ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The year 2021 saw the publication of the Special Issue “"Diseases of the Salivary Glands" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm/special_issues/Salivary_Glands), Part I, covering recent and novel advancements as well as future trends in the field of research evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of salivary gland (SGs) diseases. Given the enormous success of Part I, the Special Issue “Diseases of the Salivary Glands” Part II has been launched, with the firm belief that it will enrich the panorama of world research in this field. Topics include: 1) Clinical features and presentation of potentially malignant SG disorders; 2) Risk factors and etiopathogenesis of SGs tumors; 3) Etiopathogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved in the chronic inflammatory condition characterizing Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 4) New discoveries in the field of micro RNAs associated with Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 5) Molecular markers linked to development and progression of SG diseases: current knowledge and future implications; 6) More innovative techniques for the study of the SG diseases: current limitations and future directions.
    Keywords: xerostomia ; dry mouth ; protein–protein interaction ; drug target ; head and neck cancer ; Sjögren’s Syndrome ; major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ; human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ; autoantigens ; T cells ; E-cadherins ; salivary glands ; morphogenesis ; EMT ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; autoimmunity ; hydrogen peroxide ; adrenaline ; blood loss ; tonsillectomy ; fibrosis ; pleomorphic adenoma ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma ; 99mTc-interleukin-2 ; activated lymphocytes ; inflammation imaging ; Sjögren syndrome ; nuclear medicine ; radiopharmaceuticals ; PET ; SPECT ; Follistatin-like 1 protein ; TGF-β1 ; SMAD2/3 ; fluoride ; sodium fluoride ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Molecularly imprinted polymers are materials that have voids that are complementary in shape, size, and electronic environment to a specific molecule used for preparation, known as the template. These voids are specific recognition sites that bind the templates preferentially and are used specifically for biomimetic sensors and for solid-phase extraction. Because the specific surface is very important during this process, the use of films and membranes is preferred. This book contains four articles dedicated to sensor application (three research articles and one review) and one research article dedicated to solid-phase extraction.
    Keywords: sol-gel ; molecularly imprinted films ; bisphenol A ; organosilane monomer ; molecularly imprinted polymer ; optical sensor ; plastic optical fiber ; surface plasmon resonance ; 2-furaldehyde ; vegetable oil ; waste plastic ; polyethylene terephthalate ; electrospinning ; 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine ; adsorption ; copper ion ; nanofibre ; molecularly imprinted layers ; surface polymerization ; electropolymerization ; sol–gel derived techniques ; phase inversion ; electroactive pastes and inks ; amyloid β-42 ; molecularly imprinted polymers ; potentiometric sensor ; Alzheimer biomarker ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In order to further promote the development of functional pavement technology, a Special Issue entitled “Achievements and Prospects of Functional Pavement” has been proposed by a group of guest editors. To achieve this objective, the articles included in this Special Issue are related to different aspects of functional pavements, including green roads to decrease carbon emissions, noise, and pollution, safety pavements to increase skid resistance through water drainage and snow removal, intelligent roads for monitoring, power generation, temperature control and management, and durable roads to increase service life with new theories, new design methods, and prediction models, as highlighted in this editorial.
    Keywords: oyster shell powder ; calcite filler ; asphalt mastics ; rutting ; fatigue cracking ; thermal stability ; glass transition temperature ; modified asphalt ; fatigue resistance ; MSCR ; intermediate temperature ; cement-treated aggregate base ; fatigue equation ; loading rates ; true stress ratio ; flexural strength ; algorithm ; aggregates ; reconstitution ; image processing ; virtual modelling ; asphalt pavements ; top-down cracking mechanism ; shear damage ; tension propagation ; rock asphalt ; creep test ; thermal crack ; viscoelastic model ; oil shale waste ; silane coupling agent ; replace fine aggregate ; response surface methodology ; central composite design ; bio-char ; asphalt ; microscopic morphology ; rheological properties ; anti-aging properties ; non-Newtonian behavior ; viscosity ; bitumen ; crumb rubber modifier (CRM) ; warm mix asphalt ; asphalt mixture ; PAN fiber ; fatigue performance ; fatigue model ; loading condition ; intermediate principle stress ; compressive strength ; true-triaxial ; asphalt mixtures ; cement stabilized macadam ; gradation ; cement content ; preparation technique ; emulsified asphalt ; nano-TiO2 ; photocatalytic coating ; degradation of exhaust gas ; road engineering ; crack resistance ; fatigue crack propagation test ; reliability ; rubber asphalt stress absorption layer (RASAL) ; high viscous asphalt sand stress absorption layer (HVASAL) ; asphalt overlay ; concrete pavement ; textural characteristics ; noise ; correlation analysis ; asphalt mortar ; ageing ; FTIR ; stiffness ; strength ; Induction heating ; pavement compaction ; porous asphalt mixes ; computational tools ; HMAC ; dynamic response ; moving load ; temperature field ; rutting resistance ; the permanent deformation ; rejuvenation ; alginate ; capsules ; diatomite ; rheological characteristics ; high temperature performance ; low temperature performance ; red clay ; additive ; resilient modulus ; prediction models ; new comprehensive prediction model ; functional pavement ; green road ; safety pavement ; intelligent road ; durable road ; pavement materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In this book, modern trends in testing and simulating heterogeneous welded joints, including multi-scale approaches, resulting in appropriate flaw assessment procedures, are highlighted and discussed. The eleven research papers presented in this book give some overview of recent analytical, numerical, and experimental investigations in the field of yield strength mismatched welded joint behaviour. The papers cover several important issues to more accurately characterise the fracture mechanics behaviour and structural integrity assessments.
    Keywords: welding ; distortion ; stamping ; model ; prediction ; actual stress–strain diagram ; undermatching weld ; martensitic steel ; DIC ; FEM ; welded joint ; finite element method (FEM) ; multiple defects ; stress concentration ; weld metals ; welded joints ; damage mechanics ; finite element analysis ; crack growth ; ductile fracture ; Al7075 ; TC4 ; contact reactive brazing ; Cu deposited ; creep ; C* integral ; mismatched weld ; CT specimen ; yield load ; heterogeneous weld ; numerical analysis ; SE(B) specimen ; metal weld ; strength mismatch ; fracture ; plastic correction factors ; fixture rollers ; J-R resistance curve ; refinery ; piping ; API 5L X80 steel ; nonlinear strength analyses ; cleavage fracture stress ; medium carbon forging steel ; microalloyed steel ; acicular ferrite ; heterogeneous microstructure ; crack-initiation energy ; crack-propagation energy ; fracture toughness ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This open access book draws on conceptual resources ranging from medieval scholasticism to postmodern theory to propose a new understanding of secular time and its mediation in nineteenth-century technological networks. Untethering the concept of secularity from questions of ‘religion’ and ‘belief’, it offers an innovative rethinking of the history of secularisation that will appeal to students, scholars, and everyone interested in secularity, Victorian culture, the history of technology, and the temporalities of modernity.
    Keywords: Victorian secularisation ; modernity ; non-religion ; nineteenth-century history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general::QRAX History of religion ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: These proceedings contain research papers that were accepted for presentation at the 14th International Conference Inter-Eng 2020 ,Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, which was held on 8–9 October 2020, in Târgu Mureș, Romania. It is a leading international professional and scientific forum for engineers and scientists to present research works, contributions, and recent developments, as well as current practices in engineering, which is falling into a tradition of important scientific events occurring at Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology in the George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, Romania. The Inter-Eng conference started from the observation that in the 21st century, the era of high technology, without new approaches in research, we cannot speak of a harmonious society. The theme of the conference, proposing a new approach related to Industry 4.0, was the development of a new generation of smart factories based on the manufacturing and assembly process digitalization, related to advanced manufacturing technology, lean manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, additive manufacturing, and manufacturing tools and equipment. The conference slogan was “Europe’s future is digital: a broad vision of the Industry 4.0 concept beyond direct manufacturing in the company”.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; History of engineering & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a strong inflammatory-like microenvironment in the affected tissue. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates range from 2%–10% of women of reproductive age, to 50% of infertile women. Its etiopathogenesis of endometriosis still remains controversial—immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may be all involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.This book aims to summarize recent ground-breaking studies that may open new scenarios and change the perspective of the topic, including cutting-edge elements about diagnosis, pharmacologic and surgical treatments, as well as basic/translational science (immunology, cell biology, genetics, and epigenetics) pieces of evidence, to unravel new pathways to follow for the future diagnosis and management of endometriosis, and to improve our current knowledge of its aetiology.
    Keywords: BTG1 ; endometriosis ; human endometrial stromal cells ; endometrium ; uterus ; purinergic signaling ; ATP ; pathogenesis ; genetics ; epigenetics ; immunology ; ion channels ; etiology ; CFTR ; aquaporin ; chloride channels ; biomarker ; angiogenesis ; cytokines ; urinary biomarkers ; genetic polymorphisms ; SNPs ; aetiology ; Mediterranean population ; Sardinian population ; peritoneal fluid ; microenvironment ; precision medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Trauma is still a leading cause of death in patients below 40 years of age. Clinical management of severely injured patients is challenging in all phases of treatment during the clinical course. Numerous factors, such as injury severity, injury pattern, patient characteristics and trauma system, affect the decision-making process in our patients. After the successful initial management of an unstable multiply injured patient, secondary definitive surgeries and reconstructions may have a risk for further systemic complications and the deterioration of the patient’s physiology. A “Safe Definitive Surgery” (SDS) concept considers the dynamics of the clinical course (prehospital, operations, complications, etc.) and the patient’s physiology. Due to the repeated re-evaluation and assessment of the patient’s clinical course, dynamics and adaptation of the treatment strategy, the safe management of polytraumatized patients is possible. Many unanswered questions still exist and need to be addressed in future studies: Which patients profit by the damage control strategy and which do not? When is it best to start with the definitive fixation of fractures in multiply injured patients? How can one improve the quality of life in polytraumatized patients? What are the strategies in elderly severely injured patients? With this Special Issue, we would like to stimulate research in the field of polytrauma in order to shed light on the above-mentioned questions
    Keywords: pelvic ring fracture ; PCCD ; position ; associated injuries ; geriatric trauma ; scoring ; polytrauma ; ISS ; AIS ; geriatric patients ; orthogeriatric ; E-bike injuries ; outcome ; injury pattern comparison ; traumatic injury ; reactive oxygen species ; phagocytosis ; CD14 ; CD16 ; CD62L ; fMLP ; PMA ; emergency surgery ; trauma team competence ; trauma system ; life-saving intervention ; trauma ; non-invasive external pelvic stabilizers ; bleeding ; pelvic fractures ; post mortem analysis ; biomechanical force ; pneumatic pelvic sling VBM® ; T-POD® ; cloth sling ; SAM Sling® ; trauma victims ; prehospital death ; Injury Severity Score (ISS) ; hemorrhage ; shock ; resuscitation ; coagulopathy ; oxygen transport ; endotheliopathy ; microcirculation ; macrocirculation ; orthopaedic trauma ; nutritional deficiencies ; vitamins ; lower extremity ; wound complications ; nutrition wound healing ; platelets ; immune system ; posttraumatic organ failure ; posttraumatic lung dysfunction ; posttraumatic hyperinflammation ; I-FABP ; biomarker ; intestinal damage ; hemorrhagic shock ; major trauma ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 34
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In higher mammals, including primates and carnivores, the asymmetrical aspects of brain morphology and function have been shown to be species-related, sex-related, and subject to individual diversity, and are associated with cognition, emotion, language, preference of hand/paw use, and numerous other aspects. Disturbance of the brain lateralization is involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders with cognitive impairments, social deficits, and/or specific language impairments. Asymmetric development may be essential to the evolution of the brain in acquiring higher and/or more diverse functions. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Brain Asymmetry in Evolution” is to highlight morphological and functional lateralization of the brain in various species of mammals toward understanding the evolution of the brain.
    Keywords: oxyhemoglobin level ; state anxiety ; task performance ; heart rate ; human ; asymmetry ; sex difference ; MRI ; volumetry ; cerebellum ; ferret ; lateralization ; side bias ; fish ; methodological artefacts ; symmetry ; non-human primate ; Old World monkey ; evolution ; evolutionary expansion ; gyrification ; structural asymmetry ; language laterality ; topological data analysis ; persistent homology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 35
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: TOX is a manual aimed primarily at the Toxicology courses of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, that can also be profitably utilised by students following different degree courses in other Faculties (Medicine, Agriculture, Engineering)and by anyone else looking for a thorough but succinct overview of toxicological questions. TOX covers the principal sectors of general toxicology (acute and chronic toxicity, mutagenesis, teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, oxidative damage, epidemiological methods), specialist toxicology(dietary toxicity, tobacco smoke, pesticides, N-nitroso compounds, heterocyclic amines and aromatic amines toxicity) and environmental toxicology (environmental estrogens, PAH, heavy metals, dioxins and polychlorinated di-benzo-furans, water and air pollution).
    Keywords: Medicina ; Tossicologia ; Farmacologia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 36
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Road transportation is a basic need for mobility and daily life. Currently, there are a number of challenges in dealing with distressed pavement and seeking new materials with sustainability in mind in pavement systems. Therefore, it is important to conduct further research in the following areas: (1) pavement structure, materials, and design; (2) pavement models as better solutions for pavement constructions; (3) pavement mechanics for improved understanding and mechanism analyses; (4) utilization of recycled materials for environmentally friendly solutions; (5) maintenance and rehabilitation for an extended life span of pavement; (6) intelligent construction for project management, energy conservation, and future constructions; and (7) innovative approaches to test and evaluate the performance of pavement materials. The purpose of this Special Issue “Achievements and Prospects of Advanced Pavement Materials Technologies” is to explore new research ideas for pavement materials as described above.
    Keywords: SBS-modified bitumen ; stabilizer ; thermal storage stability ; vulcanization reaction ; 48-h segregation softening point difference ; pavement design ; fatigue life ; recycling ; reclaimed asphalt pavement ; RAP ; mechanistic method ; prestressed concrete pavement ; oblique ; demonstrative road section ; stress analysis ; polyurethane ; asphalt mixture ; epoxy resin ; adhesive layer ; shear strength ; inclined shear test ; TPCB ; asphalt and asphalt mixture ; physical performance ; rheological properties ; optimization of pavement performance ; asphalt ; rejuvenator ; vegetable oil ; pavement performance ; traditional indexes ; rheological indexes ; service life ; fatigue test ; moduli decay ; loading condition ; stress state ; highway engineering ; light screening preventive maintenance agent ; optimum proportion ; permeability ; restore performance ; light aging resistance ; concrete pavement ; anti-skid performance durability ; self-developed equipment ; self-developed composite curing agent ; longitudinally-transversely grooved form ; road engineering ; bio-oil ; asphalt binder ; high-temperature performance ; master curve ; asphalt modification ; coupling agent ; rheological behavior ; plastic ; calcium carbonate powder ; carbon black nano-particles (CBNPs) ; performance grading ; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ; dynamic modulus ; rutting ; waste engine oil ; rheological analysis ; low temperature stiffness ; Discovery Hybrid Rheometer (DHR) ; asphalt mixtures ; three-dimensional stress states ; freeze-thaw cycles ; triaxial strength ; failure criterion ; nano hydrophobic silane silica ; spring-thawing season ; damage evolution ; damage model ; gray rational degree theory ; dispersion ; aged asphalt binder ; modified ; micromechanism ; performance ; pavement engineering ; runoff pollutants ; spatial-temporal distribution ; source control measures ; purification materials ; asphalt mixes ; linear viscoelasticity ; complex modulus ; dynamic measurements ; tension–compression tests ; frequency response function ; back-analysis ; finite element method ; Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) ; wet mixing ; bitumen ; homogeneous dispersion ; adhesion ; basalt fiber ; freeze-thaw cycle ; logistic damage model ; grey model ; EPS lightweight soil ; cyclic load ; axial accumulative strain ; resilient modulus ; damping ratio ; polyacrylate ; hollow microspheres ; spray drying ; discrete element ; digital image ; fatigue ; crack ; Green pavement ; Clustering index ; Extraction test and Cantabro-crushing test ; Breakage behavior ; Cluster phenomenon ; SBS modified asphalt ; laboratory test ; evaluation index ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades
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  • 37
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This text presents cutting-edge topics on and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for tear film abnormities, including dry eye disease and Meibomian gland dysfunction. A new management algorithm for Meibomian gland dysfunction, therapeutic eye drops and intense pulsed lasers for dry eye disease, and topical and systemic agents for neuropathic ocular pain are proposed in this issue.
    Keywords: cross-sectional study ; dry eye disease ; systemic comorbidity ; graves’ ophthalmopathy ; inflammation ; meibomian glands ; morphological changes ; meibomian gland dysfunction ; ocular surface disease ; dry eye symptoms ; questionnaire ; Bangladesh ; global health ; epidemiology ; aqueous-deficient dry eye ; meibomian gland ; intense pulsed light ; severe keratitis ; hyaluronan ; hylan A ; multicenter ; randomized trial ; gabapentin ; dry eye ; neuropathic pain ; diabetes ; neuropathic keratopathy ; neuropathy ; nerve growth ; neurotrophic ; Houttuynia ; ultrasonic atomization ; meibography ; meiboscore ; TRPM8 agonist ; cryosim-3 ; fatty acids ; vitamin D ; brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire ; Japanese ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 38
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-24
    Description: Natural products or organic compounds isolated from natural sources as primary or secondary metabolites have inspired numerous drugs. It is not an overstatement that the majority of medicines in clinics, even in the 21st century, have been derived from natural resources despite the decline of industry research into natural products due to a variety of drawbacks. Saffron crocus, considered to be the most valuable spice by weight, and its bioactive constituents, have been studied for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases. In this book on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents, we aimed to assess new advances in the understanding of the therapeutic action of saffron and its constituents in targeting different pathologies. In this context, eight original research articles covering recent advances in the therapeutic actions of saffron and its ingredients in different diseases are reported. Two studies reporting novel methods regarding the bioanalysis of saffron extracts have been included. The collection is completed with two very interesting reviews reporting advances in the fields of schizophrenia and cancer. In conclusion, in this book, we are delighted to have received several contributions that we hope will provide new and interesting information for the scientific community on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents.
    Keywords: saffron ; affron® ; depression ; anxiety ; antioxidant ; crocins ; glucose ; β-pancreatic cells ; insulin ; pck1 ; neuroprotective activity ; P2X7 receptor ; fraction ; flumazenil ; rat ; Crocus sativus ; cancer ; anticancer activity ; chemoprevention ; clinical trials ; patents ; anesthetic ketamine ; memory ; Crocus sativus L. ; schizophrenia ; crocetin ; pubertal testis ; X-rays ; radiotherapy ; fertility preservation ; SIRT1 ; HuR ; oxidative stress ; autophagy ; crocin ; picrocrocin ; safranal ; dietary supplement ; nutraceutical ; Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) ; reversed-phase UPLC ; metabolomics ; HR MS ; inflammatory bowel disease ; gut microbiota ; colitis ; cytokines ; colorectal cancer ; HCT116 ; MLH1 ; MSH3 ; DNA damage and repair ; apoptosis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 39
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In the past few years, knowledge about glaucoma diagnosis and follow up has evolved dramatically through advances in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, corneal biomechanics, structural and functional assessment of the ocular surface, anterior chamber, retina, optic nerve and intracranial visual pathways, as well as the advent of artificial intelligence. In addition, the development of new modalities of IOP-lowering and non-IOP-lowering drugs, alternative deliveries, refined laser technologies, and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) techniques with different implants have widened the therapeutic possibilities for treating this disease. Finally, current insights into risk factors and quality of life in relation to glaucomatous impairment are emerging. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest exciting clinical developments that are taking place in the field of glaucoma.
    Keywords: ripasudil ; suture trabeculotomy ab interno ; Schlemm’s canal incision ; aqueous outflow ; open-angle glaucoma ; glaucoma ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; phenotype ; polymorphism ; susceptibility ; intraocular pressure ; ocular inflammation ; cornea biomechanics ; Corvis® ST ; subclinical keratoconus ; ocular hypertension ; tears ; miRNAs ; next generation sequencing ; biomarkers ; genes ; signaling pathways ; apoptosis ; neurodegeneration ; glaucoma suspect ; lamina cribrosa ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; peripapillary vessel density ; OCTA ; vessel density ; disc ; peripapillary ; NTG ; BRVO ; corneal hysteresis ; corneal biomechanics ; ocular biomarkers ; deep learning ; perimetry ; optic nerve ; obesity ; risk factor ; young adults ; multifocal visual evoked potentials ; mfVEP ; physical exercise ; sport ; acrobatic gymnastics ; baseline intraocular pressure ; central corneal thickness ; ocular health ; tumbling skills ; hand balance ; cytokines ; BDNF ; VEGF ; fractalkine ; microglia ; saffron ; crocin ; retinal glial cells ; microperimetry ; OCT ; macula ; structure ; function ; correlation ; retina ; inner ; outer ; macular segmentation ; optical coherence tomography-angiography ; vascular density ; blood flow ; biomarker ; myopia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 40
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on ferrite-based nanomaterial synthesis and characterization including (i) Synthesis, (ii) Advanced chemical and physical characterization of structure and properties, (iii) Magnetic behaviour, (iv) Computational and theoretical studies of reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and thermodynamics, (v) Applications of nanomaterials in environmental, biological, catalytic, medical, cultural heritage, food, geochemical, polymer, and materials science. Additionally, the effect of reaction time, reaction temperature, and oleic acid concentration on the properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles was investigated. In this Special Issue, the effect of SiO2 embedding on the production of single-phase ferrites, as well as on the structure, morphology and magnetic properties of (Zn0.6Mn0.4Fe2O4)δ(SiO2)100−δ (δ = 0–100%) NPs, synthesized by the sol–gel method and annealed at different temperatures, is analysed. The obtained results indicated that the preparation route strongly influences the particle sizes and, implicitly, the magnetic behaviour of the NPs. The Zn0.6Mn0.4Fe2O4 embedded in SiO2 exhibits superparamagnetic-like behaviour, whereas the unembedded Zn0.6Mn0.4Fe2O4 behaves similar to a high-quality ferrimagnet. This Special Issue also includes the study on Bi2Cu(C2O4)4·0.25H2O synthesis by thermolysis, followed by its integration within a CuBi/carbon nanofiber (CNF) paste electrode and its application in electrochemical detection of amoxicillin (AMX) in aqueous solution. By adding a concentration step in the detection protocol, selective and simultaneous detection of AMX in a multi-component matrix is also possible.
    Keywords: CuBi2O4 electrocatalyst ; amoxicillin ; electrochemical detection ; CuBi2O4-carbon nanofiber paste electrode ; transition metal ; ferrites ; magnetic nanoparticles ; synthesis ; applications ; silica matrix ; sol-gel synthesis ; zinc-manganese ferrite ; magnetic properties ; cobalt ferrite nanoparticles ; controlled synthesis ; solvothermal method ; oleic acid ; sol-gel ; nanocomposite ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 41
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This special issue on the genetics of Alzheimer's disease was edited by Drs. Laura Ibanez and Justin Miller in 2021. It contains 10 original articles and reviews that help readers understand specific genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease and how genetics will play a role in future Alzheimer's disease research.
    Keywords: Alzheimer disease ; expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) ; rare variants ; set-based eQTL ; SKAT-O ; pathways ; immune system ; inflammation ; ROSMAP ; ADNI ; complement ; complement receptor 1 ; clusterin ; late-onset Alzheimer’s disease ; genetics ; neuroinflammation ; Alzheimer’s disease ; cytokines and growth factors ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)-based analysis ; TOMM40 gene ; RNA transcription ; pseudogene ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; ITIM ; ITAM ; SIGLEC14 ; SIGLEC5 ; copy number variation ; CNV ; GWAS ; long non-coding RNA ; biomarkers ; peripheral system ; amyloid β ; tau ; APOE ; TREM2 ; OMICS ; therapeutics ; pairwise feature correlation ; feature reduction ; machine learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 42
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become an enormous worldwide health problem, both in developed and less developed countries. The incidence and prevalence of CKD is high, and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Of note, CKD is the 12th most common primary cause of death, accounting for about 1 million deaths per year worldwide. CKD and end-stage renal disease are characterized by the progressive development of a series of complications, such as anemia, hyperkalemia, hypervolemia, mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD), metabolic acidosis, hyperuricemia and wasting; all of these complications have been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes, and can contribute either individually or in association to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality observed in CKD. While at this time CKD progression is not treated with high efficacy, new biomarkers of kidney fibrosis have become available in recent years and new treatments for kidney fibrosis and cell loss could become soon available. In addition recent progress in our understanding of CKD pathophysiology together with the development of novel therapeutic agents has led to a renewed attention on the treatment of CKD–associated metabolic complications which are now are amenable to therapeutic interventions. All these important issues are addressed in this volume.
    Keywords: heatmap ; clustering ; multivariate statistical analysis ; chronic kidney disease ; risk factors ; acute kidney injury ; radical nephrectomy ; functional change ratio ; diabetic kidney disease ; GLP-1 ; calciprotein particles ; calcification propensity ; vascular calcification ; hyperkalemia ; heart failure ; sodium polystyrene sulfonate ; patiromer ; sodium zirconium cyclosilicate ; alcohol ; cadmium ; diet ; lifestyle related exposures ; lead ; proteinuria ; smoking ; type 2 diabetes ; left ventricular hypertrophy ; left ventricular mass index ; hemodialysis ; blood pressure ; cardiovascular events ; risk factor ; hyperphosphatemia ; cardiovascular disease ; endothelial cells ; procoagulant MVs ; multidimensional prognostic index ; peritoneal dialysis ; hospitalization ; mortality ; hyperuricemia ; urate lowering treatment ; MANBA ; variants ; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ; expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) ; CKD–MBD ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The clinical-scientific report 2007-2009 of the Meyer Hospital is the annotated description of the activities stemming from the two elements that make up the 'mission' of the structure: health care and research. It has been structured in such a way that the integration between these two functions emerges as an essential element for the pursuit of hospital excellence. For those working in the hospital the work undoubtedly represents a useful stimulus for meditation and self-assessment regarding the activities performed; at the same time it also offers an ulterior tool for making the Meyer better known beyond the hospital itself.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: Italian
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  • 44
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In the last decade, research on cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has significantly advanced our understanding of the effect of CAP on cancer cells and their potential for cancer treatment. This effect is due to the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) created by plasma. This has been demonstrated for different cancer cell lines and the first clinical trials showed promising results. In addition, plasma could be combined with other treatments—such as immunotherapy—to boost its anticancer activity. The addition of new research tools to study the response of cancer cells to CAP—such as 3D in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models and in silico approaches—as well as the use of -OMICS technologies could aid in unravelling the underlying mechanisms of CAP in cancer treatment. In order to progress towards widespread clinical application of CAP, an integrated study of the multidimensional effect of CAP in cancer treatment is essential. In this book, reviews and original research papers are published that provide new insights into the mechanisms of cold atmospheric plasma in cancer treatment, based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, clinical studies, as well as computer modeling.
    Keywords: cell adhesion ; plasma medicine ; oncology ; cold atmospheric plasma ; selectivity ; plasma-treated liquid ; dielectric barrier discharge ; pancreatic cancer ; pancreatic stellate cells ; immunogenic cell death ; dendritic cells ; cell communication ; extracellular matrix (ECM) ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS) ; tumour microenvironment (TME) ; extracellular vesicles ; communication junctions ; three-dimensional in vitro culture models ; apoptosis ; breast cancer ; genome-wide expression ; reactive oxygen species ; anticancer drugs ; screening ; tumor spheroids ; combination therapy ; kINPen ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; ROS ; cancer ; non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) ; indirect treatment ; plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline ; electroporation ; electric pulses ; pulsed electric field amplitude ; melanoma ; long-lived reactive species ; bone cancer ; osteosarcoma ; reactive species ; plasma-activated liquid ; Ringer’s saline ; organotypic model ; nonthermal biocompatible plasma ; soft jet plasma ; human glioblastoma ; p38/MAPK pathway ; tissue penetration ; non-thermal plasma ; non-invasive plasma treatment (NIPP) ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) ; Raman imaging ; Raman microspectroscopy ; Plasma lipid interactions ; cold physical plasma ; radiation therapy ; radio-frequency discharge ; PARP-inhibitor ; olaparib ; DNA-damage ; gold quantum dots ; plasma ; nanomaterials ; cellular uptake ; invasiveness ; cold atmospheric pressure plasma ; plasma-activated Ringer’s lactate solution ; ovarian cancer ; cytotoxicity ; plasma-activated liquids ; multicellular tumor spheroids ; long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; high frequency electrosurgery ; plasma treatment ; cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) ; free radicals ; cancer selectivity ; cervical cancer treatment ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ; cholangiocarcinoma ; cold plasma ; innovative therapy ; tumor cells ; macrophages ; plasma selectivity ; plasma jet ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by healthy cells and are maintained at physiological levels by antioxidant systems. However, when ROS increase in number, a condition of oxidative stress occurs, leading to many human diseases, including cancer. The relationship between oxidative stress and cancer is complex since ROS play a double-edged role in cancer development and under therapy response. This paradox represents a great challenge for researchers and needs to be investigated. The articles collected in this Special Issue can help to clarify the role of ROS modulation in cancer prevention and treatment, and to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying its paradoxical role in order to counteract carcinogenesis or enhance sensitivity to anticancer therapy.
    Keywords: sonodynamic therapy ; carbon doped titanium dioxide ; sonosensitizers ; ultrasound ; cancer treatment ; breast cancer treatment ; radiotherapy ; hematological malignancies ; oxidative stress ; lymphoma ; leukemia ; multiple myeloma ; apoptosis ; mitochondria ; ultraviolet-C (UVC) ; withanolide ; combined treatment ; oral cancer ; DNA damage ; cancer therapy ; immune system ; Hypericum perforatum ; hyperforin ; reactive oxygen species ; pH regulation ; tumor prevention ; tumor therapy ; cancerogenesis ; inflammatory signaling ; natural compounds ; pancreatic cancer ; antitumor agents ; coordination polymers ; bioinorganic chemistry ; cold atmospheric plasma ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; nitrite ; cancer stem cells ; chemoresistance ; glutathione ; lipid peroxidation ; ZEB-1 ; GPX4 ; ferroptosis ; HO-1 ; Nrf2 ; cancer progression ; patients ; therapy ; prognosis ; biomarker ; Eprenetapopt ; Erastin ; glutathione (GSH) ; SLC7A11 ; iron ; NRF2 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 46
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The investigation of rail vehicle running dynamics plays an important role in the more than 200 year development of railway vehicles and infrastructure. Currently, there are a number of new requirements for rail transport associated with the reduced environmental impact, energy consumption and wear, whilst increasing train speed and passenger comfort. Therefore, the running dynamics of rail vehicles is still a research topic that requires improved simulation tools and experimental procedures. The book focuses on the current research topics in railway vehicles running dynamics. Special attention is given to high-speed railway transport, acoustic and vibrational impact of railway transport to the surroundings, optimization of energy supply systems for railway transport, traction drives optimization and wear of wheels and rails.
    Keywords: wear ; turnout ; rail ; stiffness ; high-speed ; dynamic characteristics ; traction drive system ; direct torque control ; electromechanical coupling modeling ; variable conditions ; rail vehicle ; rail infrastructure ; threshold effect ; dynamics ; numerical simulations ; testing ; optimal controller ; traction drive ; vector control system ; railway noise ; high-speed railways ; environmental impact ; energy saving ; control by forecast ; power limit of consumption ; railway transport infrastructure object ; simulation in the daily cycle ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes articles written by over 80 specialists from many countries that demonstrate the biological functions of ultrasonic vocalizations and how they are used in studies of vocal expression of emotional states and in numerous animal models of neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. Results of investigations of emissions of ultrasonic vocalizations are useful in studies of emotional disturbances, affective disorders, autism spectrum disorders, addiction, developmental abnormalities, and many other pathologies.
    Keywords: ultrasonic vocalization ; maternal immune activation ; autism ; communication ; rat ; sex differences ; social play ; rats ; anxiety ; observational fear learning ; USV ; maternal separation ; pup ; vasopressin antagonists ; righting reflex ; negative geotaxis ; ACTH ; corticosterone ; Brattleboro rat ; larynx ; female ; male ; 50-khz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) ; individual differences ; chronic variable stress (CVS) ; dopamine ; nucleus accumbens ; microdialysis ; evolution of vocalization ; 22 kHz calls ; 50 kHz calls ; infant isolation calls ; emotional arousal ; mesolimbic dopaminergic system ; mesolimbic cholinergic system ; hedonia ; ultrasonic vocalizations ; cognitive development ; respiration ; brain oscillations ; Cav1.2 ; calcium ; animal model ; rough-and-tumble play ; social approach ; playback ; social contact call ; alarm call ; social buffering ; distress ; emotional contagion ; fear contagion ; aversive state ; automated scoring ; addiction ; mental health ; machine learning ; drug discovery ; drug development ; Parkinson’s disease ; alpha-synuclein ; 6-OHDA ; Pink1 ; DJ1 ; exercise ; pharmacology ; pathology ; hypervigilance ; hyperreactivity ; exaggerated reactivity ; generalization ; PTSD ; depression ; heart rate ; Wistar ; 22-kHz calls ; 50-kHz calls ; affect ; aversion ; NOR ; reward ; working memory ; Y maze ; opioids ; fentanyl ; self-administration ; play ; food ; dam–pup interaction ; ethanol ; pup isolation ; rat pup ; 50 kHz vocalizations ; 22 kHz vocalizations ; amphetamine ; chemogenetics ; clozapine-n-oxide ; UMAP ; males ; females ; vocalizations ; fear extinction ; pain ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 48
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Machine learning (ML) technologies are emerging in Mechanical Engineering, driven by the increasing availability of datasets, coupled with the exponential growth in computer performance. In fact, there has been a growing interest in evaluating the capabilities of ML algorithms to approach topics related to metal forming processes, such as: Classification, detection and prediction of forming defects; Material parameters identification; Material modelling; Process classification and selection; Process design and optimization. The purpose of this Special Issue is to disseminate state-of-the-art ML applications in metal forming processes, covering 10 papers about the abovementioned and related topics.
    Keywords: sheet metal forming ; uncertainty analysis ; metamodeling ; machine learning ; hot rolling strip ; edge defects ; intelligent recognition ; convolutional neural networks ; deep-drawing ; kriging metamodeling ; multi-objective optimization ; FE (Finite Element) AutoForm robust analysis ; defect prediction ; mechanical properties prediction ; high-dimensional data ; feature selection ; maximum information coefficient ; complex network clustering ; ring rolling ; process energy estimation ; metal forming ; thermo-mechanical FEM analysis ; artificial neural network ; aluminum alloy ; mechanical property ; UTS ; topological optimization ; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; machine learning (ML) ; press-brake bending ; air-bending ; three-point bending test ; sheet metal ; buckling instability ; oil canning ; artificial intelligence ; convolution neural network ; hot rolled strip steel ; defect classification ; generative adversarial network ; attention mechanism ; deep learning ; mechanical constitutive model ; finite element analysis ; plasticity ; parameter identification ; full-field measurements ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
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  • 49
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes 17 papers published in the Special Issue/Article Collectoin “New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas” including an editorial, 10 research papers and six review articles. Adrenal tumors represent a hot topic in contemporary endocrine oncology. Significant advancements in the genetics of genomics of these tumors have been made in recent years, and these articles give a useful and comprehensive overview of these issues. Questions regarding molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis (biomarkers) and even treatment are discussed in the papers written by international leaders of the field. Manuscripts are focused on three main topics: i. primary aldosteronism (the most common cause of secondary endocrine hypertension), ii. adrenocortical cancer and iii. pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, which are the tumors with the highest heritability in humans. The book is edited by Prof. Peter Igaz (Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University).
    Keywords: pheochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; genetics ; non-coding RNA ; malignancy ; biomarker ; treatment ; adaptive metabolism ; adrenal gland ; conn adenoma ; fatty acid metabolism ; ferroptosis ; hyperaldosteronism ; metabolic reprogramming ; β-oxidation ; PPARα ; tumor microenvironment ; Next Generation Sequencing ; hereditary cancer ; endocrine tumor syndrome ; KCNJ5 somatic mutation ; pulse wave velocity ; aldosterone-producing adenoma ; adrenalectomy ; propensity score matching ; arterial stiffness ; pheochromocytomas ; paragangliomas ; mutations ; susceptibility genes ; driver mutations ; hereditary ; germline ; somatic ; environment ; variants ; tumor suppressor genes ; metastatic ; RNAseq ; next generation sequencing ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; in silico analysis ; machine learning ; bioinformatic clustering ; biomarker prediction ; aldosterone producing adenoma ; ATP2B3 ; K416-F418delinsN mutation ; primary aldosteronism ; PPGL ; telomeres ; TERT ; ATRX ; NOP10 ; prognostic biomarker ; ALT ; phaeochromocytoma ; cancer ; mitochondrial complex II ; zebrafish ; therapy ; drug discovery ; redox balance pathway ; Vitamin C ; mitotane ; H295 strains ; microRNA ; aldosterone ; circulating ; adrenocortical ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; epidemiology ; genetic analysis ; mortality ; surveillance ; TP53 R337H ; genetic testing ; adrenocortical tumor ; neonatal screening ; screening ; adenoma ; adrenal ; tissue ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Amsterdam University Press | Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: For working people, the cost of getting to work, in terms of time and expense, is a crucial aspect of daily life. In the twentieth century, people’s opportunity to travel increased. This did not, however, apply to everyone. The absence of affordable housing near job locations combined with the lack of safe, efficient, and affordable mobility options aggravated social exclusion for some. No Bicycle, No Bus, No Job details how power relations have historically enabled or restricted workers’ mobility in twentieth century Netherlands. Blue-collar workers, industrial employers, and the state shaped workers’ everyday commute in a changing playing field of uneven power relations that shifted from paternalism to neo-liberalism.
    Keywords: Governmentality, mobility, commuting, labour, mobility justice ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue was proposed by and for engineers, physicists, medical doctors, researchers and scientists. We intend to analyze and discuss different topics on special materials for medical applications. There is great potential in the application of active or smart materials (metallic, polymer or ceramic) for the progression of applications in the medical domain of MEMS, actuators, sensors or functional systems. Active or “smart” materials have the ability to respond to different physical or chemical stimuli in a specific, repeatable mode. The actual activity in the domain, however, presents problems connected to obtaining, processing, characterizing, modeling and simulating or prototyping technologies. This Special Issue focuses on the most recent advances in obtaining and thermal and mechanical processing active materials used in the medical field with enhanced performances.
    Keywords: self-expandable metallic stent ; ear canal ; cadaver ; ear speculum ; endoscopy ; surfactant ; skin barrier function ; skin permeability ; alkyl structure ; magnetic abrasive finishing ; FEMM ; surface roughness ; multi-feed movement ; beta-titanium wire ; EDS elemental mapping ; atomic force microscope ; 3D printing ; Co–Cr–W ; dental materials ; SEM ; EDS ; scratch test ; droplet adhesion ; profilometry ; microhardness ; Mg–Ca–Gd alloys ; microstructure ; electrochemical evaluation ; in vitro test ; dental bridges ; inlays ; finite element analysis ; orthodontics ; healthy and reduced periodontium ; bodily movement ; mandibular anterior teeth ; PLD ; turmeric ; curcuminoid-silanol films ; transdermal patch ; demetoxilation ; SEM-EDS ; LIF ; hemp composite ; Ti4Al4Zr ; HA ; electrophoresis ; corrosion ; biodegradable ; Zn ; microscratch ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: People who have chronic diseases spend a significant amount of time in self-management in out-of-hospital environments, in their homes and in their community settings. These patients have different disease statuses and management requirements, so providing personalized care is key.Personalized care is a collaborative process that should be used in chronic condition management in which patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers identify and discuss problems caused by or related to the patient's condition and then develop plans and goals to empower patients.Personalized care can improve aspects of physical health, mental health, and the ability to self-manage conditions. Thus, a personalized care approach could greatly benefit patients with chronic conditions.In this book, we have included 20 articles that expand the current knowledge on the personalized care approach to diagnosing and treating chronically ill patients.
    Keywords: fibromyalgia ; physical functioning ; obesity ; pain catastrophizing ; pain acceptance ; chronic pain ; rehabilitation ; clinical psychology ; performance-based test ; dual-tasking ; cognitive function ; postural control ; older adults ; Parkinson disease ; personalized medicine ; clinical exercise ; exercise prescription ; boot camp ; physiotherapy ; compliance ; qualitative ; empowerment ; medication acceptability ; intentional nonadherence ; decision ; self esteem ; pharmacology ; rheumatology ; autoimmune ; adolescent ; nursing ; review literature ; sexuality ; virtual reality ; pain ; fatigue ; quality of life ; meta-analysis ; temporomandibular disorders ; surface electromyography ; aerobic exercise ; therapeutic exercise ; diabetes mellitus ; SGLT-2 inhibitors ; antidiabetic agents ; cardiovascular outcomes ; personalized therapy ; sleep ; chronic liver disease ; informal caregiver ; caregiver ; bibliometrics ; data analysis ; needs ; intervention ; patient-focused care ; aged ; disease prevention ; health promotion ; nursing education ; nursing students ; mental disorders ; mental illness ; social stigma ; students ; ageism ; stereotyping ; prejudice ; discrimination ; assessment ; aging ; stroke ; ischemia ; biomarkers ; mortality risk ; patient adherence ; glaucoma ; personalized care ; patient compliance ; child ; child abuse ; maltreatment ; neglect ; risk factors ; family ; caregivers ; child protective services ; advanced nursing practice ; rehabilitation nursing ; transitional care ; hospital discharge ; continuity of care ; hip fracture ; older person ; returning home ; safety ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This Special Issue covers original and innovative basic research regarding the anti-inflammatory potential of several classes of secondary metabolites (i.e., polyphenols, phytosterols, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides) in manifestations of acute and chronic inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
    Keywords: laminarin ; aging ; transient cerebral ischemia ; neuroprotection ; oxidative stress ; neuroinflammation ; marine-derived fungi ; anti-inflammation ; anti-neuroinflammation ; PTP1B ; marine biocompounds ; neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Parkinson’s disease ; Bacillus sp. ; proteoglycan ; macrophages ; Padina boryana ; RAW 264.7 macrophages ; Nrf2/HO-1 ; MAPK ; NF-κB ; P. oceanica ; inflammation ; pain ; CD-1 mice ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Moulagen - plastische Krankheitsdarstellungen - waren wichtige Dokumentations- und Lehrobjekte der Medizin. Die Moulagenbildner*innen galten in der Medizingeschichte oft als skurrile Außenseiter*innen, deren Arbeit von alchemistisch anmutender Geheimnistuerei umgeben war. Henrik Eßler widmet sich erstmals der Berufsgeschichte dieser unterschätzten Spezialist*innen. Dabei stellt er einerseits die Bedeutung der Moulage heraus, die weit über eine »naturgetreue« Nachbildung hinausging. Andererseits rückt er die Stellung der Moulagenbildner*innen im wissenschaftlichen Arbeitsprozess in ein neues Licht: Sie waren nicht nur ausführendes Organ, sondern Kooperationspartner*innen im Forschungszusammenhang.
    Keywords: Medizin ; Moulage ; Deutschland ; Medizingeschichte ; Krankheit ; Kunst ; Wissenschaft ; Technik ; Arbeit ; Technikgeschichte ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Medizinsoziologie ; Geschichtswissenschaft ; Medicine ; Germany ; History of Medicine ; Illness ; Art ; Science ; Technology ; Work ; History of Technology ; History of Science ; Sociology of Medicine ; History ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBX History of medicine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Biosensors are analytical devices used for the detection of a chemical substance, or analyte, which combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector. Detection and quantification are based on the measurement of the biological interactions. The biological element of a biosensor may consist of tissues, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies and nucleic acids. These devices have been shown to have a wide range of applications in a vast array of fields of research, including environmental monitoring, food analysis, drug detection and health and clinical assessment, and even security and safety. The current Special Issue, “Biosensors: 10th Anniversary Feature Papers”, addresses the existing knowledge gaps and aids the advancement of biosensing applications, in the form of six peer-reviewed research and review papers, detailing the most recent and innovative developments of biosensors.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; biosensor ; nanomaterials ; vasodilator activity ; breast cancer screening ; imaging biomarker ; deep sparse autoencoder ; dimensionality reduction ; deep-learning features ; Bioassays ; high performance thin layer chromatography ; endocrine disrupting compounds ; fluorescent proteins ; wastewater ; electromagnetic piezoelectric acoustic sensor ; quartz ; adsorption ; diagnostics ; extracellular vesicle ; dithiocarbamate fungicides ; chromatography ; Raman spectroscopy ; sensors ; enzyme inhibition ; voltammetry ; biosensors ; tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) ; capacitive field-effect sensor ; bi-enzyme biosensor ; enzyme-logic gate ; urease ; penicillinase ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In the book "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation" we aim to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.
    Keywords: bioequivalence ; Biopharmaceutics Classification System ; in vitro ; dissolution test ; pravastatin ; oral absorption ; in silico modeling ; GastroPlus ; Phoenix WinNonlin ; pharmacokinetics ; clinical studies ; ibuprofen ; manometry ; gastrointestinal ; mechanistic modeling ; PBPK ; PBBM ; disintegration ; dissolution ; enteric-coated ; ICH ; quality control ; regional intestinal permeability ; permeation enhancers ; absorption-modifying excipients ; oral peptide delivery ; intestinal perfusion ; pharmaceutical development ; controlled release drug product ; biopharmaceutics classification system ; drug solubility ; drug permeability ; location-dependent absorption ; segregated flow intestinal model (SFM) ; traditional model (TM) ; route-dependent intestinal metabolism ; first-pass effect ; drug-drug interactions ; DDI ; in vitro in vivo extrapolations ; IVIVE ; zero-order absorption ; first-order absorption ; combined zero- and first-order absorption ; transit compartment absorption model ; in situ perfusion ; microdevices ; shape ; mucoadhesion ; colon absorption ; nutrient digestion ; nutrient absorption ; gastrointestinal hormone ; postprandial glycaemia ; energy intake ; region of the gut ; obesity ; type 2 diabetes ; Franz–PAMPA ; BCS drugs ; biomimetic membrane ; Franz cell ; passive drug transport ; BCS class IV drugs ; segmental-dependent intestinal permeability ; intestinal absorption ; oral drug delivery ; biopharmaceutics ; physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling ; furosemide ; intestinal permeability ; human colon carcinoma cell layer (Caco-2) ; hierarchical support vector regression (HSVR) ; drug absorption ; drug solubility/dissolution ; regional/segmental-dependent permeability and absorption ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Nowhere is the explosion in comprehensive genomic testing more evident than in oncology. Multiple consensus guidelines now recommend molecular testing as the standard of care for most metastatic tumors. To aid in the advancement of this rapidly changing field, we intend this Special Issue of JPM to focus on technical developments in the genomic profiling of cancer, detail promising somatic alterations that either are, or have a high likelihood of being, relevant in the near future, and to address issues related to the pricing and value of these tests.The last few years have seen the cost of molecular testing decrease by orders of magnitude. In 2018, we saw the first “site-agnostic” drug approvals in cancer (for microsatellite unstable cancer (PD-1 inhibitors) and NTRK-fusions (TRK inhibitors)). Research on targetable mutations, determination of genetic “signatures” that can use multiple individual genes/pathways, development of targeted therapy, and insight into the value of new technology remains at the cutting edge of research in this field. We are soliciting papers that present new technologies to assess predictive biomarkers in cancer, original research (pre-clinical or clinical) that demonstrates promise for particular targeted therapies in cancer, and articles that explore the clinical and financial impacts of this paradigmatic shift in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
    Keywords: patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) ; anti-cancer drug development ; immunodeficient mice ; precision medicine ; molecular profiling ; immunohistochemistry ; next-generation sequencing ; targeted therapy ; molecular oncology ; biomarkers ; molecular imaging ; non-small cell lung cancer ; proliferation ; cancer stem cells ; circulating tumour cells ; personalised treatment ; renal cell carcinoma ; clear cell ; VEGF ; immunotherapy ; PD-L1 ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; immune checkpoint blockade ; tyrosine-kinase inhibitors ; integrin-linked kinase (ILK) ; ovarian cancer ; sgRNA ; gene expression ; microarray ; xenograft ; MTB ; cancer ; oncology practice ; community setting ; CGP ; pancreatic cancer ; FOLFIRINOX ; chemotherapy ; gender ; cholangiocarcinoma ; biliary tract cancer ; prognosis ; neutrophils ; BRCA1 ; BRCA2 ; PALB2 ; homologous recombination repair ; colorectal cancer ; heme oxygenase-1 ; endothelin-1 ; endothelin con-verting enzyme-1 ; bosentan ; precision oncology ; tumor-agnostic indications ; solid tumors ; tumor markers ; FDA-approved therapeutics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: The University of Calgary’s innovative and collaborative approach to health care education is celebrated in an interdisciplinary collection. Bedside and Community is the inside story of fifty years of health care and health research at the University of Calgary. Drawing on the first-person accounts of researchers, administrators, faculty, and students along with archival research, and faculty histories, this collection celebrates the many significant contributions the University of Calgary has made to the health of Albertans. With contributions from the Cumming School of Medicine, the Faculty of Nursing, Faculty of Kinesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Environmental Design, Department of Psychology, and Indigenous Health Initiatives Bedside and Community is a truly collaborative history. Addressing the links between departments, the relationship between the university and the community, and evolving research and teaching methods, this book places the University of Calgary within a wider national context and shows how it has addressed the unique health needs of Southern Alberta. With a pioneering focus on primary care and commitment to interdisciplinary connections, the University of Calgary has made strides in health research, health education, and community outreach. Bedside and Community tells the story of a tradition of excellence that will light the way to future outreach and discovery.
    Keywords: Medicine ; Nursing ; Education ; Health ; Veterinary ; Medical administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBD Medical profession::MBDC Medical ethics & professional conduct
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The first national conference with international participation, “Fundamental aspects of atherosclerosis: scientific research for improving the technologies of personalized medicine”, was held in Novosibirsk on 15 October, 2021. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of atherosclerosis among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing cardiologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, and physician–scientists. The conference included plenary sessions, specialty sessions, satellite symposia, an open competition for young scientists.
    Keywords: metalloproteinases ; calcification ; atherosclerosis ; multiplex assay ; coronary heart disease ; aspirin ; resistance ; non-sensitivity ; antiplatelet ; light transmission aggregometry ; Plateletworks® ; familial hypercholesterolemia ; targeted sequencing technologies ; multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ; LDLR ; APOB ; ABCG5 ; APOC3 ; LPL ; SREBF1 ; rare variants ; coronary atherosclerosis ; ischemic heart disease ; saturated fatty acids ; monounsaturated fatty acids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; oxidative stress ; superoxide dismutase ; catalase ; glutathione peroxidase ; cumulative LDL-C level ; prognosis ; DNA methylation ; epigenetic age ; myocardial infarction ; acute coronary syndrome ; population ; nested case-control ; HAPIEE project ; HAPIEE study ; atrial fibrillation ; arterial hypertension ; obesity ; diabetes mellitus ; aging ; determinants ; prevalence ; Russian population cohort ; Cox regression analysis ; adiponectin ; leptin ; interleukin-6 ; epicardial adipose tissue ; perivascular adipose tissue ; circulating biochemical markers ; coronary atherosclerosis presence and severity ; integrated biomarker (i-BIO) ; validation ; visual markers ; lipoprotein(a) ; immune cells blood count ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJD Cardiovascular medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book provides a brief snapshot of recent research on the subject of intervertebral disc degeneration and how this specific organ could be regenerated. It provides stimuli to the reader in representing research from different angles in this cross-disciplinary field of spine surgeons, mechanical engineers and biologists. In particular, it is instructive as to how disc herniations could be successfully induced in vitro and, also, to how novel cell-based therapies using rare autochthonous stem cells could potentially be used in the future.
    Keywords: hyaluronic acid ; disc repair ; annulus fibrosus repair ; biomaterials ; inflammatory biomarkers and signalling pathways ; nasal chondrocytes ; disc degeneration ; inflammation ; microenvironment ; nucleus pulposus ; cell ; spine ; intervertebral disc ; renin–angiotensin system ; degeneration ; regeneration ; intervertebral disc (IVD) ; stem cell ; scaffolds ; tissue engineering ; test method ; dynamic testing ; in vitro ; (lumbar) disc herniation ; physiological activities ; regenerative approaches ; nucleus pulposus progenitor cells ; cryopreservation ; Tie2 ; spheroid colony ; EZSPHERE ; CryoStor 10 ; growth factors ; differentiation ; mesenchymal stromal cell ; growth factor ; Wnt ; differentiation factor ; chondrogenesis ; cell therapy ; progenitor cells ; biomechanics ; lumbar disc herniation ; GDF5 ; GDF6 ; TGFβ ; nucleus pulposus progenitor cells (NPPC) ; losartanon ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: "Power Quality in Electrified Transportation Systems" has covered interesting horizontal topics over diversified transportation technologies, ranging from railways to electric vehicles and ships. Although the attention is chiefly focused on typical railway issues such as harmonics, resonances and reactive power flow compensation, the integration of electric vehicles plays a significant role. The book is completed by some additional significant contributions, focusing on the interpretation of Power Quality phenomena propagation in railways using the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory and on electric ships in the light of the latest standardization efforts.
    Keywords: electric traction systems ; mobile reactive power compensation ; power quality ; railway power systems ; railway infrastructure capacity ; smart railways ; electric railway system ; harmonics ; unbalance ; resonance ; voltage distortions ; reactive power ; EMI ; electric railway ; harmonic resonance ; harmonic overvoltage ; stability analysis ; resonant frequency ; traction power supply system ; selective harmonic elimination ; regenerative braking ; railway vehicle ; EMC ; circulation current ; co-phased traction system ; secondary control ; microgrid ; model predictive control ; bidirectional two-stage charger ; electric vehicle ; co-phase power-supply system ; traction power supply ; modular multilevel converter (MMC) ; AT power-supply mode ; neutral section ; pantograph-catenary system ; current collection quality ; arc detection ; predictive maintenance ; railway electrical networks ; Hilbert transform ; rail transportation ; power quality disturbance ; electrified railway systems ; modular multilevel converter ; rail power conditioner ; co-phase power supply technology ; V type connection traction transformer ; comprehensive compensation ; Static Var Generator (SVG) ; harmonic mitigation ; active power filter ; synchronous detection ; ship technology ; novelisation and implementation of IACS rules ; railway ; electric rolling stock ; inter-substation zone ; Poynting vector ; Maxwell’s equations ; electromagnetic field ; incident waves ; standing wave ; film coating ; railway DC power supply system ; railway case study ; quality of rail power supply ; electrified railway ; Fourier transform ; overvoltage ; AC traction systems ; traction substation ; power harmonic filters ; total harmonic distortion ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The present work explores brain functional changes in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease (PD) patients by means of molecular imaging techniques. Thirty-one consecutive drug-naïve PD patients from the Neurological Clinic of the University of Flor-ence underwent clinical assessment, neuropsychological assessment, MRI, [123I]FP-CIT SPECT, [18F]FDG PET. First, [18F]FDG-PET was employed to identify in drug-naïve PD patients brain metabolic alteration uniquely related to disease process and not modulated by anti-parkinsonian therapeutic intervention. Second, [18F]FDG-PET and [123I]FP-CIT SPECT were employed together to explore the early functional changes in brain function related to dopaminergic depletion in the putamen and in the caudate nucleus.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The circular economy, as a new business model that is different from the economy, can achieve the reuse and recycling of waste for waste minimization, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, and mitigate carbon emissions. It is no doubt that promoting the development of the circular economy can facilitate the transition to low-carbon processes and carbon-neutral development. However, there are still several questions that need to be answered: (1) How can the circular economy contribute to a low-carbon transition? (2) How do we address the fact that the circular economy model may also cause some new environmental problems, and how should we identify what the most environmentally friendly solution is among multiple alternatives for the circular economy? (3) Governmental regulation, policies and incentives play a significant role in promoting the development of the circular economy, so what are the policy instruments that can contribute to its development? (4) How can technological progress and solutions contribute to the circular economy? (5) How can environmental impact assessments contribute to the circular economy? (6) How can we achieve a circular economy or low-carbon transition through changes in consumption behaviors? In order to answer the above-mentioned questions, we launched a Special Issue in Energies. There are a total of six papers published in this Special Issue. This e-book collects these papers to build a platform for sharing advanced concepts, tools and methods for the users to take actions to achieve a circular economy.
    Keywords: carbon label ; bibliometric analysis ; CiteSpace ; carbon labeling scheme ; purchase intention ; willingness to pay ; eco-efficiency ; environmental impact ; GHG emissions ; energy consumption ; food chain ; short food supply chains (SFSCs) ; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ; rice husk ; gasification ; CHP ; Aspen Plus ; simulation ; economic assessment ; circular economy ; low-carbon energy ; waste-based bioenergy ; resource efficiency ; product policy ; energy efficiency ; digitalization ; life cycle assessment ; easy-to-repair design ; built environment ; gas boilers ; heat pumps ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Dear Readers, Oncolytic Viruses (OV) are self-propagating agents that can selectively induce the lysis of cancer cells while sparing normal tissues. OV-mediated cancer cell death is often immunogenic and triggers robust anticancer immune responses and immunoconversion of tumor microenvironments. This makes oncolytic virotherapy a promising new form of immunotherapy and OVs ideal candidates for combination therapy with other anticancer agents, including other immunotherapeutics. There are more than 40 OVs from nine different families in clinical development and many more at the preclinical stage. Each OV has its own unique characteristics, its pros and cons. Although herpes simplex virus is currently the lead clinical agent, a real champion among the OVs has not yet emerged, justifying the continuous development and optimization of these agents. This book, “Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy”, summarizes the state-of-the-art and gives a comprehensive overview of the OV arena with a particular focus on new trends, directions, challenges, and opportunities.
    Keywords: oncolytic viruses ; melanoma ; immunotherapy ; checkpoint inhibitors ; combinatory therapy ; reovirus ; oncolytic virus ; adenovirus ; oncolytic ; virotherapy ; targeting ; immunogenic cell death ; αvβ6 integrin ; oncolytic adenovirus ; cancer immunotherapy ; multi-stage ; immunostimulatory ; arming ; HSV-1 ; clinical trials ; newcastle disease virus ; NDV ; cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; PD-1 ; PD-L1 ; CTLA-4 ; type I interferon ; herpes simplex virus ; retargeted virus ; tropism retargeting ; tumor ; checkpoint inhibitor ; vaccination ; antigen-agnostic vaccination ; HER2 ; parvovirus ; tumor microenvironment ; combination therapy ; glioblastoma ; pancreatic cancer ; colorectal cancer ; measles virus ; vector engineering ; immune checkpoint blockade ; antitumor immune response ; delivery ; genetic modification ; biomarkers ; personalized oncolyticvirotherapy ; class I HLA ; immunosurveillance ; immunoediting ; oncogenic signaling ; RAS ; DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) ; viral mimicry ; epigenetic silencing ; adoptive T cell therapy ; CAR T cell ; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ; vesicular stomatitis virus ; small molecule ; cancer immune therapy ; cancer therapy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This Special Issue of Cancers focuses on new advances in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, both surgical and pharmacological (and combinations of these), and novel approaches to tackle treatment resistance and improve our understanding of this phenomenon.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; autophagy ; hydroxychloroquine ; chloroquine ; ROC-325 ; cysteine cathepsins ; cysteine cathepsin inhibitors ; lysosome ; renal cancer ; metastatic renal cell carcinoma ; immune-based combination therapies ; network meta-analysis ; PD-L1 ; predictive ; biomarker ; treatment ; TKIs ; mRCC ; biomarkers ; soluble factors ; immunotherapy ; renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ; sunitib resistance ; artesunate (ART) ; Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ; growth inhibition ; ferroptosis ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; ccRCC ; RCC ; kidney cancer ; evolution ; evolutionary trajectory ; metastatic ; second line therapy ; renal cell cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; individualization ; genomic signature ; transcriptomic analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The first all-Russia conference with international participation “Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine” was held in Novosibirsk on 26–27 November 2020. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of endocrine disorders among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing endocrinologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, and physician–scientists. The main topics included epidemiology and pathogenesis of endocrine disorders; genomic research in endocrinology; biochemical characteristics of endocrine aberrations; immunology and immunogenetics in endocrinology; cellular technologies in endocrinology; metabolomic research in endocrinology; pharmacogenetics; basic pathomorphology; high-tech care of patients with endocrine disorders; iodine-deficiency-related, autoimmune, and oncological diseases of the thyroid; modern diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus; osteoporosis and osteopenias; polyendocrinopathies; an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome; hypo- and hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D; neuroendocrine disorders; reproductive health; rehabilitation of patients with endocrine disorders; health resort and spa treatments of endocrine disorders and comorbid conditions.
    Keywords: diagnostic method ; severity of disturbances ; rheology ; diabetes mellitus ; erythrocyte ; dielectrophoresis ; anemia of chronic disease ; iron deficiency anemia ; hyperlipidemia ; inflammation ; C-reactive protein ; tumor necrosis factor-α ; erythrocyte sedimentation rate ; osteoporosis ; fracture ; menopause ; population ; chronic non-communicable diseases ; risk factors ; early IHD ; abdominal obesity ; blood cytokines/chemokines complex ; multiplex assay ; Flt3 ligand ; GM-CSF ; MCP-1 ; IL-4 ; maturity onset diabetes of the young type 14 ; APPL1 ; single-nucleotide variant ; Firmicutes ; Bacteroidetes ; gut microbiota ; bile microbiota ; gallstone patients ; maturity onset diabetes of the young ; MODY ; multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ; next-generation sequencing ; GCK ; HNF1A ; HNF4A ; HNF1B ; obesity ; BMI ; blood tests ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; norepinephrine concentration in the hypothalamus ; heart mass ; QTL analysis ; SNPs ; ISIAH hypertensive rat strain ; risk factor ; diabetes risk scale ; diabetes risk model ; type 1 diabetes mellitus ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; proton spectroscopy ; hippocampus ; cognitive dysfunction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue reprint covers the most recent advances in nanoalloy electrocatalysts, concerning not only the synthesis, characterization, and modeling, but especially reports of their activity, functionality, durability, and low cost.
    Keywords: oxygen reduction reaction ; molybdenum carbide ; carbon nanotubes ; carbon xerogel ; alkaline fuel cell ; bifunctional catalyst ; electroless deposition ; fuel cells ; heterogeneous catalysis ; preparation ; carbon nanotube networks ; electrocatalysis ; desorption spectrometry ; hydrogen storage ; nanometrology ; graphene ; nanotubes thread ; palladium ; trimetallic catalysts ; nanoparticle ; borohydride oxidation ; direct borohydride peroxide fuel cell ; kinetic parameters ; intermetallic XRD patterns ; alloy formation ; ethanol electrooxidation ; metal segregation ; borohydride reduction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The road of acceptance of oncologic thermotherapy/hyperthermia as a synergistic modality in combination with standard oncologic therapies is still bumpy. This is partially due to the lack of level I evidence from international, multicentric, randomized clinical trials including large patient numbers and a long term follow-up. Therefore we need more level I EVIDENCE from clinical trials, we need HARMONISATION and global acceptance for existing technologies and a common language understood by all stakeholders and we need INNOVATION in the fields of biology, clinics and technology to move thermotherapy/hyperthermia forward. This is the main focus of this reprint. In this reprintyou find carefully selected and peer-reviewed contributions from Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. The published papers from leading scientists from all over the world covering a broad range of timely research topics might also help to strengthen thermotherapy on a global level.
    Keywords: perfusion estimation ; temperature monitoring ; conductivity reconstruction ; systems medicine ; immune system in silico ; perceptron ; antigen pattern ; danger signal ; fractionation ; immune response ; head and neck cancer ; hyperthermia ; reirradiation ; treatment outcome ; hyperthermia treatment planning ; adaptive planning ; temperature optimization ; low-middle-income group countries ; cancer ; radiotherapy ; chemotherapy ; recurrent breast cancers ; cervical cancer ; head and neck cancers ; cost-effective ; meta-analysis ; intensity-modulated radiotherapy ; prostate cancer ; thermal dose ; thermometric parameters ; preclinical data ; clinical evidence ; modulated electro-hyperthermia ; abscopal effect ; locally advanced cervical cancer ; resource-constrained setting ; radiosensitiser ; rectal cancer ; chemoradiotherapy ; tumour control ; loco-regional hyperthermia ; oncology ; cellular selection ; bioelectromagnetics ; complexity ; immune-effects ; moderate hyperthermia ; deep hyperthermia ; radiative hyperthermia ; patterns of care ; reimbursement ; regional hyperthermia ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; survival ; induced ; brachytherapy ; prostatic neoplasms ; interstitial hyperthermia ; treatment plan optimization ; prostate ; thermoradiotherapy ; linear quadratic model ; biological modeling ; thermal dosimetry ; hypoxia ; radiation therapy ; reoxygenation ; perfusion ; oxygen consumption rate ; local tumor control ; biomarker ; immune phenotype ; hyperthermia treatment sequence ; breast cancer ; immune checkpoint molecules ; dendritic cell activation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This is a reprint of the MDPI IJERPH Special Issue entitled "COVID-19 and Environment: Impacts of a Global Pandemic". The reprint consists of 17 papers with different topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental impacts using data from different countries all over the globe.
    Keywords: risk perception ; China as an international tourism destination ; anticipated emotions ; destination attachment ; post-pandemic ; COVID-19 ; customer behavior ; psychological process ; live-streaming shopping apps ; stimulus-organism-response framework ; Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 ; Flow Theory ; gender ; age ; SARS-CoV-2 ; environmental contamination ; air samples ; surface samples ; bottom trawling ; COVID-19 pandemic lockdown ; environmental impacts ; macrobenthic fauna ; tidal channels ; central Mediterranean Sea ; ethnopharmacology ; skin diseases ; cosmetics ; Lithuania ; global environment ; solid waste ; air quality ; transport ; airborne ; CO2 ; collective transport ; tramway ; filtration ; infectious diseases ; epidemiology ; public health ; elementary teacher ; junior high school teacher ; psychological change ; physical changes ; urban mobility ; parking demand ; IoT parking sensors ; explanatory data analysis ; parking policies ; vaccinations ; pharmacist ; KAP ; infection control ; burnout ; COVID-19 pandemic ; postnatal care ; psychological distress ; psychosocial support ; health-seeking behavior ; appendicitis ; surgical care ; metrology ; data analysis ; atmospheric environment ; pollution ; coronavirus ; comorbidity ; spatial analysis ; logistic regression ; ROC curve ; freight transport ; air freight ; sea shipping ; road transport ; recovery measures ; strategies ; public trust ; perceived societal fairness ; mental health ; air pollution ; PM2.5 concentration ; gym sports ; spatial econometric model ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book describes interesting case studies of the exploration, characterization, and use of geothermal resources in Spain, Sweden, Italy, Croatia, China, Djibouti, and Canada. A new open-source software, with an easy-to-use graphical user interface, is applied to assess the deep geothermal potential of the Reus-Valls sedimentary basin in Spain. Then, a high-temperature borehole thermal energy storage facility at Linköping, Sweden, is described to shift excess heat generated from a waste incineration plant during the summer to the winter season. Next, a plastic plate heat exchanger was geometrically and thermodynamically modeled, optimized, and applied to a direct geothermal heating system for a building in Southern Italy. In the last European study, in Croatia, an unconventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is analyzed (geothermal gradient of 49°C/km), in the geothermal field Velika Ciglena. Going down to Africa, the assessment of the geothermal resources in the Asal Rift (Djibouti) through multiphase flow and heat transfer simulations is presented. Moving to Asia, in the Chinese province of Guangdong, magnetotelluric profiles are used to interpret the crust and upper mantle structure and its geothermal implications. Then, in the remote Canadian Northern regions, uncertainty and risk evaluation of deep geothermal energy resources (〉 4 km) for heat production and electricity generation are described. Finally, a literature review provides a comparison of geothermal projects in unconventional reservoirs in United Kingdom (Cornubian Batholith), Canada (Williston Sedimentary Basin), and Italy (Campi Flegrei Caldera).
    Keywords: geothermal energy ; geothermal gradient ; paleoclimate ; numerical model ; Monte Carlomethod ; heat-in-place ; theoretical potential ; technical potential ; petrothermal system ; Nunavik ; hydrothermal system ; electrical conductivity ; multiphase flow ; numerical modeling ; normal fault ; heat source ; Asal Rift ; magnetotellurics ; 2D inversion ; crust-upper mantle structure ; Late Mesozoic granite ; Guangdong Province ; unconventional geothermal resources ; geothermal drilling ; communities ; caldera ; hydrocarbon gas ; unconventional reservoirs ; drilling ; Neogene ; Croatia ; methodology ; crystalline bedrock ; energy storage ; boreholes ; logging ; thermal properties ; magnetic measurements ; VLF ; drone photogrammetry ; direct heating system ; plastic plate heat exchanger ; exergoeconomic analysis ;   ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multi-factorial progressive optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell degeneration and progressive visual field loss which, if left untreated, may lead to blindness. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered to be the main risk factor for developing POAG, and its reduction has been shown to correlate with a decrease in glaucoma incidence and progression. Considering that fewer than 10% of the subjects with ocular hypertension (OHT) will develop morphological and/or functional glaucomatous damage within 5 years if not treated, glaucoma causes and molecular changes leading to ocular tissue damage in glaucoma are still largely unknown. The contemporary treatment of POAG is mainly oriented towards reducing IOP; the importance of the IOP reduction in other types of glaucoma, such as the “normal pressure glaucoma”, is still discussed. The IOP value is maintained by balancing the amount of fluid contained within the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye; our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the secretion and active and passive outflow of the aqueous humor is extremely important for improving the treatment of glaucoma. Innovative pharmacological approaches, and laser and surgical procedures aiming to reduce IOP, have been developed in recent years. This book provides a compendium of topics regarding IOP, aqueous humor dynamics, tonometry, and medical and surgical techniques developed to reduce the IOP in subjects with ocular hypertension or glaucoma.
    Keywords: intraocular pressure ; serum calcium ; female ; ab interno trabeculotomy ; glaucoma ; incision in the Schlemm’s canal in degrees ; post-surgical complication ; neuroretinal rim reversal ; Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width ; trabeculectomy ; refractive error ; neuroretina ; myopia ; intraocular pressure (IOP) ; tonometry ; Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) ; central corneal thickness (CCT) ; ocular hypertension ; higher-order aberrations ; Kahook Dual Blade ; age ; central corneal thickness ; Goldmann Applanation tonometer ; non-contact tonometer ; rebound tonometer ; iCare ; open angle glaucoma (OAG) ; Schlemm’s canal viscodilation ; OMNI viscosurgical system ; minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) ; trabeculotomy ; cataract extraction ; aqueous humor ; GDF15 ; serum ; intravitreal injection ; anti-VEGF agents ; trabecular meshwork ; Matrigel ; 3D culture ; outflow ; cytoskeleton ; rho-kinase inhibitor ; prostaglandin analog ; childhood glaucoma ; aphakia ; pseudophakia ; cataract surgery ; lensectomy ; management (or therapy) ; glaucoma drainage device ; cyclodestruction ; corneal biomechanics ; ocular response analyzer ; ORA ; corneal hysteresis ; non-penetrating deep sclerectomy ; Esnoper V-2000 implant ; glucocorticoids ; safety profile ; intranasal administration ; inhaled administration ; systemic administration ; steroid response ; canaloplasty ; non-perforating surgical procedures ; pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) ; Schlemm’s canal ; phase-sensitive optical coherent tomography ; pulsatile motion ; IOP fluctuation ; primary open-angle glaucoma ; intraocular pressure measurement ; iCare tonometry ; Perkins tonometry ; standardized anaesthesia ; corneal thickness ; progression ; risk stratification ; XEN GelStent ; corneal resistance factor ; open-angle glaucoma ; n/a ; laser treatment ; dropless treatment ; thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy ; extraocular muscle ; magnetic resonance imaging ; T2 relaxation time ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is known to be associated with various cancers. As such, identification of novel Wnt pathway targets in cancer and better characterization of already-known targets present exciting, emerging opportunities for cancer treatment. In this Special Issue, we feature papers which discuss the role of Wnt signaling and associated targets in cancer metabolism, tumor immune response, and tumor microenvironment. Papers discussing a range of Wnt-mediated cancers, including those of the colon, liver, pancreas, synovium, bladder, etc., are included.
    Keywords: Wnt signaling ; synovial sarcoma ; TNIK ; NCB-0846 ; MYC ; hepatitis B virus ; HBV ; cancer ; liver cancer ; β-catenin ; TCF/LEF ; pancreatic cancer ; pancreatic stellate cells ; CBP ; p300 ; pancreatitis ; fibrosis ; just-right signaling ; APC ; colorectal cancer ; RNA-binding proteins ; Musashi ; drug discovery ; Notch signaling ; cancer therapy ; fungi secondary metabolite derivative ; microenvironment ; Wnt ; AML ; drug target ; signaling ; colorectal ; porcupine ; R-spondin ; serrated ; immunotherapy ; wnt ; vitamin D ; colon cancer ; L1 ; Wnt target genes ; cell adhesion ; NF-κB ; invasion and metastasis ; cancer stem cells ; EMT ; Lgr5 ; Wnt/beta-catenin signaling ; angiogenesis ; anti-angiogenic therapy ; gastrointestinal cancers ; therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling ; β-catenin paradox ; molecular targeting ; urothelial cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; immunotherapy resistance ; IBD ; colitis ; β-catenin mutations ; tumor metabolism ; tumor immunology ; molecular therapeutics ; precision medicine ; astrocytic brain tumors ; DKKs ; GSK3β ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Breast cancer is acknowledged as an international priority in healthcare. It is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide, with demographic trends indicating a continuous increase in incidence. Over the years, increasing efforts and resources have been devoted to the search for a systematic and optimized strategy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Today, the Breast Unit model is considered the gold standard in order to ensure optimal patient-centered and research-based clinical services through multidisciplinary and integrated management.Surgical treatment has gradually evolved toward less aggressive approaches with the adoption of new therapeutic strategies. The evolution of evidence-based guidelines in such leading disciplines as radiation and medical oncology has led to a steady improvement in survival rates. This Special Issue will highlight innovations in the integrated management of breast cancer, their potential advantages, and the many open issues that still need to be properly defined and addressed.
    Keywords: metastatic breast cancer ; breast surgery ; immune system ; metabolic derangements ; precision medicine ; integrated therapies ; advanced breast cancer ; mTOR inhibitor ; CDK4/6 inhibitor ; endocrine resistance ; breast cancer ; pregnancy ; chemotherapy ; tailoring ; personalization ; DataMart ; real world data ; predictive model ; healthcare ; breast-conserving surgery ; non-palpable breast lesions ; image-guided localization ; preoperative breast localization ; breast ultrasound ; large database ; standardized data collection ; networks ; nipple-sparing mastectomy ; immediate breast reconstruction ; acellular dermal matrix (ADM) ; aesthetic and oncological outcomes ; quality of life ; rare breast cancer ; osteoclast-like giant cells ; gene profiling ; Oncotype Dx ; adjuvant treatment ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; sentinel lymph node ; systemic treatment ; locally advanced breast cancer ; mini-invasive treatment ; liver metastases ; hepatic surgery ; personalized medicine ; sarcopenia ; physical performance ; frailty ; older cancer patients ; clinical trial ; patient enrollment ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; lung cancer ; oncology ; web app ; conventional CT and CT angiography ; DIEP flap planning ; multidisciplinary treatment ; evidence-based medicine ; personalized treatment ; oncological outcomes ; patient quality of life ; normal breast ; breast pathology ; hormone receptor ; hormone expression ; lymphedema ; lymphaticovenous anastomosis ; vascularized lymph node transfer ; lymphatic microsurgery ; radiotherapy ; oligometastatic breast cancer ; locoregional therapy ; CDK4/6 inhibitors ; multidisciplinary ; AMH ; ovarian reserve ; pregnancy desire ; subtypes breast cancer ; miRNAs ; breast cancer treatment ; next-generation-sequencing ; target therapy ; old age ; survival ; vitamin D ; ductal breast cancer ; in situ breast cancer ; lobular breast cancer ; histology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Anorexia nervosa is a common eating disorder affecting several functions of the body. Although our knowledge of the underlying mechanism has increased, therapeutic options are still limited. This Special Issue discusses several aspects of anorexia nervosa and covers a broad range of topics from the bench to the bedside.
    Keywords: Anorexia nervosa ; treatment contracts ; weight gain ; inpatient treatment ; survey ; accelerometry ; eating disorders ; motor restlessness ; physical inactivity ; anorexia nervosa ; cognitive behaviour therapy ; manualised treatment ; modules ; worksheets ; guidelines ; evidenced-based ; treatment ; emotion regulation ; males ; drug-treatment ; pharmacotherapy ; medication ; nutrition ; comorbidity ; complication ; functional magnetic resonance imaging ; disorder-specific stimuli ; narrative review ; immune system ; inflammation ; cytokines ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Additive manufacturing (AM) or, more commonly, 3D printing is one of the fundamental elements of Industry 4.0. and the fourth industrial revolution. It has shown its potential example in the medical, automotive, aerospace, and spare part sectors. Personal manufacturing, complex and optimized parts, short series manufacturing and local on-demand manufacturing are some of the current benefits. Businesses based on AM have experienced double-digit growth in recent years. Accordingly, we have witnessed considerable efforts in developing processes and materials in terms of speed, costs, and availability. These open up new applications and business case possibilities all the time, which were not previously in existence. Most research has focused on material and AM process development or effort to utilize existing materials and processes for industrial applications. However, improving the understanding and simulation of materials and AM process and understanding the effect of different steps in the AM workflow can increase the performance even more. The best way of benefit of AM is to understand all the steps related to that—from the design and simulation to additive manufacturing and post-processing ending the actual application.The objective of this Special Issue was to provide a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest achievements and identify critical issues and challenges for future investigations on “Modeling, Simulation and Data Processing for Additive Manufacturing”. The Special Issue consists of 10 original full-length articles on the topic.
    Keywords: selective laser melting ; finite element analysis ; thermodynamic behavior ; substrate preheating ; scanning strategy ; 24CrNiMo alloy steel ; additive manufacturing ; rapid manufacturing ; rapid prototyping ; 3D printing ; medical ; implants ; dental ; processes ; methods ; clinical ; laser additive manufacturing ; Inconel 718 ; pure Ti ; finite element modeling ; melt-pool formation ; thermo-mechanical modelling ; residual stresses ; microstructure ; Ti-6Al-4V ; acoustics ; porous materials ; material extrusion ; design for additive manufacturing ; sound absorption ; artificial neural network ; machine learning ; quality control management ; process optimization ; computing techniques ; ICT systems ; laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) ; benchmark test artifact ; numerical simulations ; dimensional metrology ; geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) ; selective laser melting (SLM) ; lattice structure ; bimetallic composite ; mechanical properties ; finite element analysis (FEA) ; digital image correlation (DIC) ; hybrid manufacturing ; inconel 625 ; EDS microanalysis ; automatic image analysis ; laser melting ; laser sintering ; AlSi10Mg ; PA12 ; Round-Robin ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The seeds and fruits (or their parts) of Iberoamerican crops have high nutritional and functional properties which could be utilized in a wide range of foods. The crops included in this book are amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule), chia (Salvia hispanica L.), Andean maize (Zea mays L.), moringa (Moringa oleifera), yvapuru (Plinia peruviana), kurugua (Sicana odorifera), sacha inchi (Plukenetia huayllabambana), camu camu (Myrciaria dubia), mango (Mangifera indica), tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and taro (Colocasia esculenta), all of them still underutilized. Their cultivation is low; nevertheless, in recent years, the worldwide demand for some of them has increased immensely, resulting in an increase in their production. The ancient Iberoamerican crops have been widely recognized for their nutritional value by food scientists and food producers because they contain high-quality proteins and large quantities of micronutrients such as minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds. In addition, they are gluten-free, which makes them suitable for people suffering from various gluten intolerances. This book summarizes the large amount of investigations in this field in the last year and provides knowledge within all the relevant areas of food science. The editors hope that this book will contribute to an increased use of these products in human nutrition by consumers worldwide.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; History of engineering & technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book provides readers with some examples of advanced applications of electron microscopy on organic and inorganic specimens, highlighting out how new original approaches could provide a deeper understanding of the properties of matter and how a transmission electron microscope is not only a microscope but also a flexible tool for tailoring experiments, properly suited, to the issue of interest.
    Keywords: scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) ; electron tomography (ET) ; sparse imaging ; inpainting reconstruction ; biological samples ; Trypanosoma brucei ; TEM ; in-line holography ; single particle imaging ; atomic resolution imaging ; radiation damage ; soft matter ; nanostructured drugs ; organic materials ; holography ; electron holography ; diffraction ; coherent diffraction imaging ; iterative phase retrieval ; biomolecules ; propionic acid ; autophagy ; mitophagy ; correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) ; amorphous silica ; powder diffraction ; transmission electron microscopy ; high-resolution ; spectroscopy ; electron diffraction ; electron pair distribution function ; magnetic nanoparticles ; magnetic hyperthermia ; EMCD ; EELS ; magnetism ; acceleration voltage ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book is a compilation of articles by experts on the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, many of which are full of data-based evidence from basic research perspectives or patient data.
    Keywords: 70-kDa heat shock proteins ; gingival crevicular fluid ; heat shock protein ; periodontitis ; periodontal disease ; diabetes ; diabetic retinopathy ; bleeding on probing ; probing pocket depth ; fasting blood sugar ; carotid artery calcification ; alveolar bone loss ; computed tomography ; panoramic radiographs ; aspiration pneumonia ; chronic periodontitis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; proinflammatory cytokines ; TLR2 ; epidemiological index ; item response theory ; oral examination ; diagnosis ; Mfa1 ; Toll-like receptors ; gingival fibroblast ; azithromycin ; human gingival fibroblast ; human periodontal ligament fibroblast ; IL-6 ; IL-8 ; MMP-1 ; MMP-2 ; chewing ability ; infection ; inflammation ; periodontal medicine ; Gan-Lu-Yin ; herbal medicine ; osteoclastogenesis ; periodontal diseases ; periodontal pocket ; health status indicators ; periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) ; rheumatoid arthritis ; tocilizumab ; periodontal inflamed surface area ; periodontal pathogen ; mixed effect modeling ; follow-up study ; Low reactive Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) ; human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) ; microarray ; differentially gene expression (DEGs) ; gene ontology ; biological processes (BP) ; protein–protein interaction (PPI) ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Nanophotonics has emerged as a multidisciplinary frontier of science and engineering. Due to its high potential to contribute to breakthroughs in many areas of technology, nanophotonics is capturing the interest of many researchers from different fields. This Special Issue of Applied Sciences on “Recent advances and future trends in nanophotonics” aims to give an overview on the latest developments in nanophotonics and its roles in different application domains. Topics of discussion include, but are not limited to, the exploration of new directions of nanophotonic science and technology that enable technological breakthroughs in high-impact areas mainly regarding diffraction elements, detection, imaging, spectroscopy, optical communications, and computing.
    Keywords: guided-mode resonance ; electromagnetically induced transparency ; high quality factor ; double spectral ; refractive index sensor ; digital holography ; polarization sensitive imaging ; birefringence ; state of polarization (SoP) ; NIRS technology ; spectroscopy ; imaging ; bioinstrumentation ; near-infrared ; four-wave mixing ; nonlinear figure of merit ; silicon-rich nitride ; ridge waveguide ; conversion bandwidth ; integrated photonics ; InP ; magneto-optic ; MZI ; mode conversion ; PMA ; multi-layered thin film ; magnetic memory ; MOKE ; Fourier transformation ; analog optical computing ; metamaterials ; metasurfaces ; quantum algorithm ; edge detection ; graphene ; silicon ; photodetectors ; internal photoemission effect ; stimulated Raman microscopy ; pulsed source ; laser pulse bandwidths ; laser chirping ; spectral resolution ; diffractive elements ; holography ; photopolymer ; holographic optical elements ; volume gratings ; compound optical elements ; stacked gratings ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book focuses on the applications of Power Electronics Converters in smart grids and renewable energy systems. The topics covered include methods to CO2 emission control, schemes for electric vehicle charging, reliable renewable energy forecasting methods, and various power electronics converters. The converters include the quasi neutral point clamped inverter, MPPT algorithms, the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the push–pull converter with a fuzzy logic controller.
    Keywords: allied in-situ injection and production (AIIP) ; CO2 huff and puff ; shale oil reservoirs ; enhanced oil recovery ; renewable energy sources ; forecasting ; Weibull distribution ; neural networks ; optimal economic dispatch ; particle swarm optimization ; distribution network (DN) ; doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) ; feeder automation (FA) ; compatibility ; adaptive control strategy (ACS) ; coordination technology ; air-cooled condenser ; mechanical draft wet-cooling towers ; hot recirculation rate ; complex building environment ; numerical simulation ; Neutral Point Clamped Z-Source Inverter (NPCZSI) ; shoot-through duty ratio ; modulation index ; voltage gain ; power quality ; dynamic modeling ; DC-DC converter ; electric vehicle (EV) ; charge pump capacitor ; fuzzy logic control ; maximum power point tracking ; photovoltaic ; push pull converter ; off-grid voltage source inverter ; medium voltage distribution network ; switch station ; electric vehicle ; DC–DC converter ; reconfiguration ; orderly charging ; grey wolf optimizer ; electrical harmonics ; harmonic estimation ; total harmonic distortion ; battery energy storage system ; third-harmonic current injection ; high efficiency ; active damping ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on humoral immune responses to viral infections in humans. The comprehensive study of antibody response is critical for the development of diagnostic tools, vaccines, and immunotherapeutics against life-threatening viral infections. Special attention is given to serological surveillance and characterization of virus-neutralizing antibodies.
    Keywords: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus ; H5N6 (clade 2.3.4.4) ; human sera ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; full proteome ; peptide microarrays ; glycan microarrays ; seroprevalence ; ELISA ; neutralization assay ; viral persistence ; serum antibody ; neutralization efficacy ; cytokine profile ; neutralising antibodies ; filoviruses ; ebolavirus ; post-vaccination ; post-infection ; monoclonal antibodies ; longitudinal antibody response ; antibody specificity ; recombinant proteins ; virus neutralization ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; Guangdong ; China ; antibody ; varicella–zoster virus (VZV) ; chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) ; IgA ; IgG ; IgM ; diagnostic test ; antibody therapeutic ; cryo-EM ; filovirus ; marburgvirus ; structural biology ; X-ray crystallography ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Bacterial resistance to known and currently used antibiotics represents a growing issue worldwide. It poses a major problem in the treatment of infectious diseases in general and hospital-acquired infections in particular. This is in part due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in past decades, which led to the selection of highly resistant bacteria and even so-called superbugs – multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Nosocomial infections, particularly, are often caused by MDR bacterial pathogens and the treatment of such infections is very complicated and extensive, often leading to various side effects, including adverse effects on the natural human microbiome. At the same time, the development of novel antibiotics is lagging with very few new ones in the pipeline. Finding viable alternatives to treat such infections may help to overcome these therapeutic issues. This publication brings novel developments in the field of bacterial resistance, mainly in the hospital settings, adequate antibiotic therapy, and identification of compounds useful to battle this growing issue.
    Keywords: VRE ; GIT ; hemato-oncological patients ; clonality ; antibiotic stewardship ; resistance ; consumption of antibiotics ; clonal spread ; Enterococcus faecium ; Enterococcus faecalis ; linezolid resistance ; 23S rRNA ; optrA ; carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ; carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ; N-acetylcysteine ; septic shock ; critically ill patients ; newborn ; infection ; bacteria ; antibiotic therapy ; hops ; C. difficile ; rat model ; Staphylococcus aureus ; MRSA ; spa typing ; MLST ; SCCmec typing ; clonal analysis ; epidemiology ; cancer patients ; duration of treatment ; colistin ; propensity score analysis ; multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ; urinary tract infections ; UTIs ; MDR ; Escherichia coli ; Klebsiella ; uropathogens ; AMR ; antibiotic resistance ; ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ; urinary tract infection ; clinical impact ; economic impact ; ventilator-associated pneumonia ; Klebsiella spp. ; Escherichia spp. ; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) ; endogenous infection ; methicillin-resistant ; porcine model ; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ; long term care facilities (LTCF) ; multidrug resistance (MDR) ; enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) ; ESBL ; PCR ; primer ; antimicrobial resistance ; infection prevention and control ; antimicrobial stewardship ; hospital ; cluster analysis ; principal component analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Language: English
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  • 83
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Over the past few decades, modern information technology has made a significant impact on people’s daily lives worldwide. In the field of health care and prevention, there has been a progressing penetration of assistive health services such as personal health records, supporting apps for chronic diseases, or preventive cardiological monitoring. In 2020, the range of personal health services appeared to be almost unmanageable, accompanied by a multitude of different data formats and technical interfaces. The exchange of health-related data between different healthcare providers or platforms may therefore be difficult or even impossible. In addition, health professionals are increasingly confronted with medical data that were not acquired by themselves, but by an algorithmic “black box”. Even further, externally recorded data tend to be incompatible with the data models of classical healthcare information systems.From the individual’s perspective, digital services allow for the monitoring of their own health status. However, such services can also overwhelm their users, especially elderly people, with too many features or barely comprehensible information. It therefore seems highly relevant to examine whether such “always at hand” services exceed the digital literacy levels of average citizens.In this context, this reprint presents innovative, health-related applications or services emphasizing the role of user-centered information technology, with a special focus on one of the aforementioned aspects.
    Keywords: fever ; FeverApp ; ecological momentary assessment ; user behavior ; sociodemographic characteristics ; registry ; guidelines ; feasibility ; usability ; routine health information system ; health management information system ; health system performance ; machine learning ; digital health ; registry analysis ; ClinicalTrials.gov ; device regulation ; new information technology ; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) ; institution ; institutionalism ; digital informatics ; human–computer interaction ; personal health informatics ; consumer health data ; consumer health information ; self-tracking ; quantified self ; mHealth apps ; telemonitoring ; telemedicine ; telecardiology ; cardiology ; wearable ; sensors ; consumer health devices ; cardiovascular disease ; heart failure ; atrial fibrillation ; mental health ; psychiatry ; psychiatric record ; psychiatric notes ; patient accessible electronic health record ; PAEHR ; open notes ; policies ; COVID-19 ; technology acceptance ; user survey ; wearable health monitor ; ECG patch ; personal electronic health records ; technology adoption ; endogenous motivations ; health information privacy concern ; mixed-methods ; ePA ; online review helpfulness ; signaling theory ; sentiment analysis ; physician rating websites ; consumer decision-making ; health information technology ; information exchange ; hospital ; market ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 84
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Thermoelectricity is a well-known phenomenon that enables the conversion of heat into electric energy without moving parts. Its exploitation has been widely considered to contribute to the increasing need for energy along with the concerns about the environmental impact of traditional fossil energy sources. In the last few years, significant improvements in the performance of thermoelectric materials have been achieved through chemical doping, solid solution formation, and nanoengineering approaches. Furthermore, the feasibility of flexible, stretchable, and conformable thermoelectric harvesters has been demonstrated and has attracted the interest of an audience from many different fields. However, the path for practical applications of thermoelectrics is still a long one. This Special Issue of Materials intends to bridge the gap between materials science and applications of thermoelectric materials. Many topics are welcome: new thermoelectric compounds; the correlation between material structure and thermoelectric properties; bulk thermoelectric ceramics, oxides, and chalcogenides; bulk thermoelectric alloys and intermetallics; organic and polymeric thermoelectrics; thermoelectric thin films, multilayers, and nanocomposites; theory and modeling; thermal transport and thermal conductivity; applications and devices based on thermoelectric materials; standardization and metrology; and more.
    Keywords: thermoelectricity ; skutterudites ; crystal structure ; powder x-ray diffraction ; thermal conductivity ; calcium cobaltite ; TE performance ; electrical properties ; composite ; redox tuning ; thermoelectric materials ; joining ; skutterudite alloy ; Co-Mo metallization layer ; Seebeck coefficient ; thin film ; oxides ; copper tin sulfide ; Cu2SnS3 ; CTS ; thermal stability ; chalcogenide ; material production ; porosity ; porous thermoelectric materials ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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  • 85
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Marine organisms are a treasure trove for the discovery of novel natural products, and, thus, marine natural products have been a focus of interest for researchers for decades. Some marine bacteria are prolific producers of natural products, occurring either free-living or, as recently shown, in symbiosis with marine animals. Recent advances in DNA sequencing have led to an enormous increase in published bacterial genomes and bioinformatics tools to analyze natural product biosynthetic potential by various “genome mining” approaches. Similarly, analytical NMR and MS methods for the characterization and comparison of metabolomes of natural product producers have advanced. Novel interdisciplinary approaches combine genomics and metabolomics data for accelerated and targeted natural product discovery. This Special Issue invites articles from both genomics- and metabolomics-driven studies on marine bacteria with a focus on natural product discovery and characterization. We particularly welcome articles that combine genomics and metabolomic approaches for the dereplication and characterization of marine bacterial natural products.
    Keywords: Moorena bouillonii ; marine natural products ; chemogeography ; metabolomics ; natural products ; dereplication ; antibiotics ; marine sponges ; plant pathogen ; cyclodepsipeptides ; marine Actinobacteria ; Streptomyces spp. ; antibiotic ; sea cucumber ; HCV ; Actinobacteria ; marine ; Polar ; genomics ; specialised metabolites ; chitin ; chitinase ; chitin degradation machinery ; Pseudoalteromonas ; secondary metabolites ; bacterial natural products ; mass spectrometry ; genome mining ; paired omics ; keratinases ; keratinolytic proteases ; marine-derived Streptomyces ; genomic comparison ; cyanobacteria ; symbionts ; comparative genomics ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; Indonesia ; biodiversity ; novel antibiotics ; drug screening ; bioactivity ; gene cluster networking ; GNPS ; enterococci ; genome-wide analysis ; bacteriocins ; probiotics ; wild marine species ; Neolyngbya ; anticancer ; drug discovery ; South China Sea ; wenchangamide ; Moorea producens ; CuSO4·5H2O assisted ; differential gDNA isolation ; filamentous bacteria ; micrococcin P1 and P2 ; stalked diatoms ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The overarching goal of this book is to provide a current picture of the latest developments in the capabilities of biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing in an affordable setting, such as advances in the technology involving light sources, and delivery, acoustic detection, and image reconstruction and processing algorithms. This book includes 14 chapters from globally prominent researchers , covering a comprehensive spectrum of photoacoustic imaging topics from technology developments and novel imaging methods to preclinical and clinical studies, predominantly in a cost-effective setting. Affordability is undoubtedly an important factor to be considered in the following years to help translate photoacoustic imaging to clinics around the globe. This first-ever book focused on biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing using affordable resources is thus timely, especially considering the fact that this technique is facing an exciting transition from benchtop to bedside. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as medical experts interested in the clinical applications of photoacoustic imaging.
    Keywords: photoacoustic microscopy ; ultrasonic transducer ; optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy ; transparent ultrasound transducer ; ultrasound stimulation ; photoacoustic ; LED ; clinic ; optical imaging ; tomography ; ultrasound ; small animal ; liver ; fibrosis ; optoacoustic ; spectral imaging ; blind source separation ; unsupervised unmixing ; photoacoustic imaging ; 3-D printed photoacoustic probe holder ; light delivery optimization ; LED divergence ; illumination scheme ; in vivo ; mouse ; Monte Carlo ; linear array ; tumor imaging ; LED-based photoacoustic imaging ; hair follicles ; FUE ; FUT ; photoacoustic computed tomography ; light-emitting diodes ; laser diodes ; oxygen saturation imaging ; photoacoustics ; fluence compensation ; hypoxia ; deep tissue imaging ; hemangioma ; laser ; light-emitting diodes (LED) ; mobile health ; peripheral arterial disease ; stroke ; vascular malformations ; signal enhancement ; pre-illumination ; photo-thermal effect ; heat capacity ; remote sensing ; endoscopy ; speckle ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As climate-change- and human-induced floods inflict increasing costs upon the planet, both in terms of lives and environmental damage, flood monitoring tools derived from remote sensing platforms have undergone improvements in their performance and capabilities in terms of spectral, spatial and temporal extents and resolutions. Such improvements raise new challenges connected to data analysis and interpretation, in terms of, e.g., effectively discerning the presence of floodwaters in different land-cover types and environmental conditions or refining the accuracy of detection algorithms. In this sense, high expectations are placed on new methods that integrate information obtained from multiple techniques, platforms, sensors, bands and acquisition times. Moreover, the assessment of such techniques strongly benefits from collaboration with hydrological and/or hydraulic modeling of the evolution of flood events. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of recent advancements in the state of the art of flood monitoring methods and techniques derived from remotely sensed data.
    Keywords: mobile mapping system ; RRI model ; high-water marks ; inundation ; Northern Kyushu floods ; point clouds ; flood mapping ; temporary flooded vegetation (TFV) ; Sentinel-1 ; time series data ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; sentinel-1 ; SAR ; flood ; image classification ; clustering ; monsoon ; Philippines ; LiDAR ; geometric parameters ; levee stability ; overtopping ; Pearl River Delta ; CYGNSS ; flood detection ; Sistan and Baluchestan ; GNSS-R ; flood monitoring ; ALOS 2 ; multi-sensor integration ; multi-temporal inundation analysis ; Zambesi-Shire river basin ; image processing ; hydrology ; synthetic aperture radar ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    McGill-Queen’s University Press (mqup)
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Description: Early modern Russians preferred one method of treating the sick above all others: prescribing drugs. The Moscow court sourced pharmaceuticals from Asia, Africa, Western Europe, and the Americas, in addition to its own sprawling empire, to heal its ailing tsars. Mixing Medicines explores the dynamic and complex world of early modern Russian medical drugs, from its enthusiasm for newly imported American botanicals to its disgust at Western European medicines made from human corpses. Clare Griffin draws from detailed apothecary records to shed light on the early modern Russian Empire’s role in the global trade in medical drugs. Chapters follow the trade and use of medical ingredients through networks that linked Moscow to Western Europe, Asia, and the Americas; the transformation of natural objects, such as botanicals and chemicals, into medicines; the documentation and translation of medical knowledge; and Western European influence on Russian medical practices. Looking beyond practitioners, texts, and ideas to consider how materials of medicine were used by one of the early modern world’s major empires provides a novel account of the global history of early modern medicine. Mixing Medicines offers unique insight into how the dramatic reshaping of global trade touched the day-to-day lives of the people living in early modern Russia.
    Keywords: Materia medica; Russia; history ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History
    Language: English
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The ITISE 2021 (7th International conference on Time Series and Forecasting) seeks to provide a discussion forum for scientists, engineers, educators, and students about the latest ideas and realizations in the foundations, theory, models, and applications for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research encompassing disciplines of computer science, mathematics, statistics, forecaster, econometric, etc., in the field of time series analysis and forecasting.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; History of engineering & technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 90
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The objective of this book is to present nutritional and educational interventions for children and their families. The creation of healthy preferences is a key determinant of food choices and therefore diet quality. Food choices have important implications for health, particularly for food-related diseases, such as feeding difficulties and the development of non-communicable diseases. The first years of a child's life are fundamental for the creation of tastes, eating habits and the relationship with food. Preferences for certain foods are neither innate nor unchangeable. Eating behaviour is the result of experience and learning, and, through the repeated offering of food by parents, especially those less accepted, it is possible to promote good nutrition. Behaviour depends on the interaction of environmental factors, genetics, sex, and age. The environment in which the child is immersed, and which influences them, includes family, other children, society, media and the supply of food. Achieving an adequate intake of macro and micro-nutrients is an important objective for all ages of life and, particularly, for those of pediatric age, since it is crucial for cognitive development. Nutrition has also a therapeutic effect. Nutritional interventions tailored to specific pathologies are needed to prevent nutritional deficiencies and maintain an adequate nutritional status, since children and adolescents with chronic or inflammatory diseases are particularly vulnerable and at major risk of developing malnutrition.
    Keywords: early food preferences ; feeding strategy ; dietary habits ; disease-related malnutrition ; educational intervention ; nutritional intervention ; obesity in childhood ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The increasing demand for high data rate applications and the delivery of zero-latency multimedia content drives technological evolutions towards the design and implementation of next-generation broadband wireless networks. In this context, various novel technologies have been introduced, such as millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes in order to support the vision of fifth generation (5G) wireless cellular networks. The introduction of these technologies, however, is inextricably connected with a holistic redesign of the current transceiver structures, as well as the network architecture reconfiguration. To this end, ultra-dense network deployment along with distributed massive MIMO technologies and intermediate relay nodes have been proposed, among others, in order to ensure an improved quality of services to all mobile users. In the same framework, the design and evaluation of novel antenna configurations able to support wideband applications is of utmost importance for 5G context support. Furthermore, in order to design reliable 5G systems, the channel characterization in these frequencies and in the complex propagation environments cannot be ignored because it plays a significant role. In this Special Issue, fourteen papers are published, covering various aspects of novel antenna designs for broadband applications, propagation models at mmWave bands, the deployment of NOMA techniques, radio network planning for 5G networks, and multi-beam antenna technologies for 5G wireless communications.
    Keywords: reconfigurable antennas ; PIN diodes ; wireless applications ; fifth-generation (5G) communication ; time domain performance ; filtering antenna ; reconfigurable antenna ; UWB antenna ; IR-UWB system ; cognitive radio ; spectrum occupancy ; dynamic spectrum access ; time resolution ; directional ; sensing engine ; antennas ; radar ; vital-signs ; CW ; UWB ; building entry loss ; outdoor-to-indoor propagation ; penetration loss ; propagation loss measurement ; ray-tracing simulation ; super high frequency band propagation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; NOMA ; full duplex ; successive relaying ; buffer-aided relaying ; low profile antenna ; impedance matching ; medical body area network ; dual resonances ; Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO), array ; 5G mm-wave ; Defected Ground Structure (DGS), ECC ; DG ; MEG ; CCL ; radio network planning ; 5G wireless communications systems ; mmWave small cells ; 5G ; MIMO ; wideband ; high isolation ; envelope correlation coefficient ; CPS (coplanar stripline) ; Yagi antenna ; filtering-radiating performance ; frequency selectivity ; early 6G ; hybrid beamforming networks ; millimeter waves ; switched beam phased arrays ; Blass matrix ; Rotman lens ; tree beamformer ; phased arrays ; high-gain array element ; sub-array ; mm-wave ; flat-top pattern ; MMW ; RF ; ray tracing ; tunnel ; scale model ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 92
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Knowledge, new concepts, and theoretical and experimental studies on coatings of implant and bone surfaces have been explained. Recent advancements in coating methods and materials for surface coating have both been extensively shown. Research on the use of modified implants and bone can be viewed through this paper. Improved understanding of the processes underpinning greater functionality will result from this issue.
    Keywords: curcumin ; high glucose ; osteogenesis ; bone formation ; diabetic osteoporosis ; cell survival ; cell migration assay ; calcium silicate-based cements ; calcium nodule formation ; bone substitute ; sinus floor augmentation ; maxillary tuberosity ; blood clotting ; dental implants ; hydrophilicity ; titanium ; ultraviolet rays ; bone morphogenetic protein 4 ; cell differentiation ; cellular spheroids ; gingiva osteogenesis ; stem cells ; titanium mesh ; bone graft ; guided bone regeneration ; ridge augmentation ; surface topography ; bacterial adhesion ; biomimetics ; soft lithography ; surface modification ; anti-bacterial agents ; calcium phosphate ; guided tissue regeneration ; membranes ; calcium sulfate ; dental implant ; sinus lift ; bioactive materials ; bioactive ceramic ; bioactive glass ; nanohydroxyapatite ; sol-gel process ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Thromboembolism is a compelling challenge in cancer care because of its life-threatening nature as well as its impact on specific treatments. Current guidelines do not generally recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis, except in selected categories of patients at high risk of thrombosis. Accordingly, several clinical decision models have been developed to guide the oncologist in thromboembolic risk assessment and targeted prophylaxis. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are currently considered as the standard approach in clinical practice guidelines, but recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicate that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective for the treatment/prophylaxis of cancer-associated thromboembolism. However, many unanswered questions remain on the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in selected cancer subgroups, and in primary and secondary prevention settings, where anticoagulation needs to be balanced on the risk of bleeding complications. Presently, patient selection remains the main challenge. Improvement in existing VTE risk models or the construction of alternative risk assessment tools are needed in order to ameliorate the risk stratification of cancer patients. This reprint will cover the current clinical evidence supporting the standard of care and emerging treatment/prophylactic options for cancer-associated thromboembolism during both active treatment and simultaneous/palliative care. Tailored approaches based on the use of individualized factors to stratify the thrombotic/bleeding risk in each individual patient are discussed.
    Keywords: multiple myeloma ; venous thromboembolism ; risk assessment models ; thromboprophylaxis ; direct oral anticoagulants ; cancer-associated venous thromboembolism ; thrombosis ; pulmonary embolism ; neoplasms ; anticoagulants ; coumarins ; low molecular weight heparins ; cancer ; endogenous heparin ; heparanase ; heparan sulfate ; hospice ; palliative care units ; low molecular weight heparin ; deep vein thrombosis ; cancer associated thrombosis ; VTE ; malignancy ; direct oral anticoagulant ; pancreatic cancer ; low-molecular weight heparin ; survival ; coagulation activation ; locally advanced breast cancer ; prognostic model ; pCR ; treatment ; prophylaxis ; DOAC ; simultaneous care ; integrated care ; lymphoma ; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ; Hodgkin lymphoma ; risk factors ; molecular subtype ; arterial thrombosis ; ALK ; ROS1 ; KRAS ; chemotherapy ; low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) ; VKA ; UFH ; DOACs ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Biosensing and bioimaging techniques largely promote the accurate diagnosis of intractable diseases, such as cancers, on the basis of specific molecular targets, or as-called biomarkers. To realize the assays with ultrahigh sensitivity and selectivity, the wide application of molecular biology and nanotechnology are of great necessity. Both directions may offer effective signal amplification strategies, as well as inhibition of cross-reaction interference. Therefore, this Special Issue, “Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective”, highlights the recent developments in intelligent biomolecule/nanostructure-based probes for bioimaging and biosensing applications. It consists of five peer-reviewed papers that cover current hot topics, such as biodegradable materials, DNA assembly, shRNA delivery and chimeric proteins, which will provide a unique perspective of advanced biosensing and bioimaging techniques.
    Keywords: Chagas disease ; immunoassays ; chimeric proteins ; stability ; biodegradable materials ; metal-organic framework ; metal ion nodes ; multimode imaging ; theranostic nano-platforms ; MCF-7 cells ; electrochemistry ; 2-D materials ; signal amplification ; DNA assembly ; bio-responsive fluorescent complexes ; shRNA delivery ; LncRNA MALAT1 ; cancer cells bioimaging ; therapeutics ; autophagy ; biosensor ; microfluidics ; organ-on-a-chip ; lung model ; lung-on-a-chip ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 95
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The aim of this book is to highlight up to date exploited technologies and approaches in terms of antenna designs and requirements. In this regard, this book targets a broad range of subjects, including the microstrip antenna and the dipole and printed monopole antenna. The varieties of antenna designs, along with several different approaches to improve their overall performance, have given this book a great value, in which makes this book is deemed as a good reference for practicing engineers and under/postgraduate students working in this field. The key technology trends in antenna design as part of the mobile communication evolution have mainly focused on multiband, wideband, and MIMO antennas, and all have been clearly presented, studied and implemented within this book. The forthcoming 5G systems consider a truly mobile multimedia platform that constitutes a converged networking arena that not only includes legacy heterogeneous mobile networks but advanced radio interfaces and the possibility to operate at mm wave frequencies to capitalize on the large swathes of available bandwidth. This provides the impetus for a new breed of antenna design that, in principle, should be multimode in nature, energy efficient, and, above all, able to operate at the mm wave band, placing new design drivers on the antenna design. Thus, this book proposes to investigate advanced 5G antennas for heterogeneous applications that can operate in the range of 5G spectrums and to meet the essential requirements of 5G systems such as low latency, large bandwidth, and high gains and efficiencies.
    Keywords: band-pass ; compact ; filter-antenna ; LTE ; microstrip ; 4G ; reconfigurable ; tunable ; radio frequency ; filter ; antenna ; filter–antenna ; filtenna ; fourth generation (4G) ; fifth-generation (5G) ; isolation enhancement ; surface waves ; gain ; circuit model ; line resonators ; MIMO antennas ; 5G ; asymmetric patch ; dual polarization ; dual resonance ; reflectarray ; unit cell ; slotted-stub ; RF energy harvesting ; impedance matching network (IMN) ; power conversion efficiency ; rectifier ; IoT ; 5G antenna ; shell ; devices ; directivity ; bandwidth ; green’s functions ; method of moments ; uniaxial anisotropy ; input impedance ; field distributions ; dipole antenna ; 4-elements ; 8-elements ; UWB ; MIMO ; ECC ; isolation ; dual-band ; mobile IoT ; autonomous vehicles ; B5G ; V2X ; DSRC ; WiFi 6 band ; Sirius/XM Radio ; ISM band ; smart eyewear antenna ; slot antenna ; MIMO system ; Wi-Fi 6e ; polycarbonate ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The protection and maintenance of environmental resources for future generations require responsible interaction between humans and the environment in order to avoid wasting natural resources. According to an ancient Native American proverb, “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” This indigenous wisdom has the potential to play a significant role in defining environmental sustainability. Recent technological advances could sustain humankind and allow for comfortable living. However, not all of these advancements have the potential to protect the environment for future generations. Developing societies and maintaining the sustainability of the ecosystem require appropriate wisdom, technology, and management collaboration. This book is a collection of 19 important articles (15 research articles, 3 review papers, and 1 editorial) that were published in the Special Issue of the journal Sustainability entitled “Appropriate Wisdom, Technology, and Management toward Environmental Sustainability for Development” during 2021-2022.addresses the policymakers and decision-makers who are willing to develop societies that practice environmental sustainability, by collecting the most recent contributions on the appropriate wisdom, technology, and management regarding the different aspects of a community that can retain environmental sustainability.
    Keywords: metals ; arsenic ; pollution ; Mexico ; developing countries ; landfill ; urban solid waste ; disposal ; waste management ; sustainable development goals ; ethnobotany ; human health ; poverty ; traditional knowledge ; sustainable agriculture ; wheat ; seed rate ; yield effect ; dose–response ; seed recycling ; cost–benefit analysis ; blockchain ; SDGs ; innovation ; COVID-19 ; green recovery ; scorecard ; construction sector ; economy ; intersectoral linkages ; VECM ; forecasting ; sustainable development ; eco-friendly sound-absorbing material ; corrugated cardboard ; perforated corrugated cardboard ; sound-absorption coefficient ; sound transmission loss ; transfer function method ; transfer matrix method ; multi-frequency resonator ; self-compacting concrete ; crumb rubber ; strength ; silica fume ; response surface methodology ; biodiesel ; engine performance ; emissions ; natural feedstocks ; production method ; ethical marketing ; extended marketing mix ; consumer brand relationships ; brand loyalty ; sustainability ; rice husk ; power plants ; CO2 ; emission reductions ; Clean Development Mechanism ; rural clean heating project ; rural Gansu ; potential solutions ; benchmarking ; fisheries ; aquaculture ; food security ; Bangladesh ; humanitarian logistics ; pandemic ; economic reactivation ; spatial modelling ; sustainable construction ; construction waste reduction ; modelling of waste (reduce, reuse and recycle) ; PLS-SEM ; industry 4.0 ; circular economy ; environmental regulations ; manufacturing supply chains ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; groundwater level ; groundwater resource ; groundwater management models ; groundwater monitoring system ; wireless sensor network ; MENA Islamic cities ; urban management ; sustainable built environment ; supplier selection ; product life cycle cost ; geometric mean weighting ; penalty weighting ; multiobjective linear programming ; revised multichoice goal programming ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book represents one of the most up-to-date collections of articles on clinical practice and research in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The scholars who contributed to this book are experts in their field, carrying out cutting edge research in prestigious institutes worldwide (e.g., Harvard Medical School, University of California, MIND Institute, King’s College, Karolinska Institute, and many others). The book addressed many topics, including (1) The COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Epidemiology and prevalence; (3) Screening and early behavioral markers; (4) Diagnostic and phenotypic profile; (5) Treatment and intervention; (6) Etiopathogenesis (biomarkers, biology, and genetic, epigenetic, and risk factors); (7) Comorbidity; (8) Adulthood; and (9) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). This book testifies to the complexity of performing research in the field of ASD. The published contributions underline areas of progress and ongoing challenges in which more certain data is expected in the coming years. It would be desirable that experts, clinicians, researchers, and trainees could have the opportunity to read this updated text describing the challenging heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
    Keywords: autism spectrum disorder ; infants ; frontal EEG alpha asymmetry ; early detection ; autism spectrum disorders ; toddlers ; eye tracking ; joint attention ; longitudinal ; regression ; cytokines ; PAI-1 ; neuroinflammation ; gastrointestinal ; autism ; literature review ; comorbidity ; early intervention ; early intensive behavioral intervention ; behavioral intervention ; First Year Inventory ; early screening ; risk ; cross-cultural generalisability ; validity ; preschool teachers ; self-efficacy ; knowledge ; belief ; skills ; identify ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; level 1 and level 2 screening tools ; systematic review ; COSMIN ; PRISMA ; screening ; infection ; prion ; meta-analysis ; motion analysis ; video signal processing ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; infant screening ; n/a ; developmental language disorder ; semantic features ; word learning ; central coherence ; biomarker ; p-cresol ; mouse social behavior ; dopamine ; ASD ; vision ; proprioception ; self-motion ; immersive virtual reality ; IVR ; HMD ; technology ; persuasive text writing ; perspective-taking ; adolescence ; intervention ; sign language ; imitation ; cognition ; language acquisition ; prevalence estimate ; predictors ; surveillance review ; Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ; early intensive intervention ; developmental trajectories ; moderators and mediators of intervention. ; psychosis ; schizophrenia ; psychopathology ; AQ ; accuracy ; attention to detail ; self-awareness ; insight ; preconception risk factor ; Gilles de la Tourette ; obsession ; compulsion ; social behavior ; social impairment ; sensory profile ; sensory responsiveness ; feeding problems ; short sensory profile (SSP) ; sensory experience questionnaire (SEQ) ; coronavirus ; 2019-nCoV ; neurodevelopment ; child and adolescent psychiatry ; mental health prevention ; Asperger syndrome ; adults ; cerebrospinal fluid ; antibodies ; blood–brain barrier ; GAD65 ; Early Start Denver Model ; high-risk infants ; motor development ; high-functioning autism ; language ; experience ; communication ; autonomic nervous system ; wearable technologies ; EEG ; theory of mind ; adults and adolescents ; human figure drawings ; Draw-a-Man ; drawings maturity ; social perception ; ERP ; reward response ; RewP ; sensitization ; social skills intervention ; PEERS® ; adulthood ; diagnosis ; autistic traits ; action observation ; action prediction ; context ; priors ; hypothalamus ; amygdala ; oxytocin ; social cognition ; social interaction ; affiliative behavior ; neuroimaging ; COVID-19 ; challenging behavior ; dental care ; oral health ; medical procedures ; ICT ; wearable sensors ; migration ; Europe ; health system ; autism in adulthood ; intellectual disability ; regressive autism ; epilepsy ; challenging behaviors ; empathy ; executive functions ; attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder ; disruptive behavior disorders ; alexithymia ; anxiety ; depression ; TAS-20 ; TSIA ; parents ; broader autism phenotype ; autistic-like features ; social-cognitive development ; stereotypical behaviors ; visual impairment ; language profiles ; grammatical comprehension ; cannabinoids ; cannabidiol ; cannabidivarin ; THC ; problem behaviors ; sleep ; hyperactivity ; side effects ; motor performance skills ; Gulf ; BOT-2 ; machine learning ; employment ; telehealth ; ABA ; RCT ; cortisol ; group activity ; stress ; art ; assessment ; sensorimotor integration ; postural balance ; false positive report probability (FPRP) ; Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) ; Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) ; microbiome ; metabolomics ; study design ; biomarker discovery ; precise medicine ; bipolar disorder ; suicidal ideation ; suicidal attempts ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint is dedicated to the study of brain activity related to emotional and attentional involvement as measured by Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems designed for different purposes. A BCI system can translate brain signals (e.g., electric or hemodynamic brain activity indicators) into a command to execute an action in the BCI application (e.g., a wheelchair, the cursor on the screen, a spelling device or a game). These tools have the advantage of having real-time access to the ongoing brain activity of the individual, which can provide insight into the user’s emotional and attentional states by training a classification algorithm to recognize mental states. The success of BCI systems in contemporary neuroscientific research relies on the fact that they allow one to “think outside the lab”. The integration of technological solutions, artificial intelligence and cognitive science allowed and will allow researchers to envision more and more applications for the future. The clinical and everyday uses are described with the aim to invite readers to open their minds to imagine potential further developments.
    Keywords: consumer behavior ; electroencephalogram (EEG) biosensor ; attention and meditation ; brain computer interface ; Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) ; Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) ; artefact removal ; Individual Alpha Peak ; movement artefact ; Electroencephalography (EEG) ; classification ; emotion ; facial nerve paralysis ; LASSO ; MEG ; passive brain–computer interface (pBCI) ; EEG headsets ; daily life applications ; In-ear EEG ; echo state network (ESN) ; attention monitoring ; vigilance task ; brain-computer interface (BCI) ; electroencephalography (EEG) ; emotion recognition ; independent component analysis (ICA) ; regression ; stroke ; electroencephalogram (EEG) ; bispectrum ; multimodal fusion ; brain–computer interface (BCI) ; affective computing ; EEG-based emotion detection ; spiking neural network ; NeuCube ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In many industrial applications, metallic materials are exposed to harsh operating conditions. Due to a combination of chemical and thermal stresses, the constructional and functional materials are degraded, and their utility properties are lost. These undesirable events are of a physicochemical nature and are commonly known as ‘corrosion’. In this Special Issue Book, 3 reviews and 18 original research papers focused on the complex relationships between the microstructure, phase constitution, and corrosion behavior of metallic materials are collected. Both high temperature and low temperature corrosion studies are included as they investigate the physicochemical processes at the material interfaces. Furthermore, possibilities for increasing the corrosion resistance of metallic materials are studied by means of surface modification and application of protective layers. This Special Issue Book, Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Advanced Alloys, displays the diversity and complexity of modern corrosion research. It is hoped that it will become a valuable source of reference for corrosion scientists.
    Keywords: chemical corrosion ; SiMo cast iron ; fayalite ; hematite ; magnetite ; maghemite ; sulfur dioxide ; molar ratio index ; steam generator ; tubesheet ; crevice chemistry ; galvanic couple ; Al alloy ; Co alloy ; complex intermetallic ; oxidation kinetics ; oxide scale ; nanostructured coatings ; microhardness ; corrosion resistance ; electrochemical deposition ; ZK60 magnesium alloys ; microstructure ; filiform-like corrosion ; corrosion pit ; austenitic steels ; general (uniform) corrosion ; pitting corrosion ; crevice corrosion ; intergranular corrosion ; galvanic couplings ; nickel release ; contact with skin ; medical devices ; watchmaking ; high-pressure CO2 corrosion ; corrosion inhibition ; gum arabic ; carbon steel N80 ; Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy ; natural aging ; stress corrosion cracking ; SSRT ; PFZ ; additive manufacturing ; direct energy deposition ; wire arc additive manufacturing ; 316L stainless steel ; stress corrosion ; AA5754 ; corrosion ; oxygen hardening ; Ti–13Nb–13Zr alloy ; tribocorrosion behavior ; micromechanical properties ; automotive steel ; atmospheric corrosion ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; cyclic corrosion test ; iron oxide ; light alloys ; Al-Mg ; high-strength ; mechanical properties ; precipitation ; ledeburitic steel ; sub-zero treatment ; potentiodynamic polarisation ; weathered galvanised steel ; predictive models ; optimisation ; silicon steel ; electrical steel ; grain size ; electrochemical corrosion ; carbon dioxide ; AM-KPFM Volta potential measurements ; Zn-based alloy ; Sn-addition ; corrosion products ; salt spray test ; corrosion penetration depth ; weight loss ; phase composition ; XRD ; DSC ; microstructure formation ; intermetallic phases ; aluminum ; transition metal ; quasicrystal ; approximant ; duplex steels ; welded joints ; corrosion tests ; chloride environment ; scaffolds ; bioabsorbable metals ; biodegradation ; lattice structures ; stiffness properties ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Polymer composite materials have attracted great interest for the development of electrical and electronic engineering and technology, and have been widely applied in electrical power systems, electrical insulation equipment, electrical and electronic devices, etc. Due to the significant expansion in the use of newly developed polymer composite materials, it is necessary to understand and accurately describe the relationship between composite structure and material properties, as only based on thorough laboratory characterization is it possible to estimate the properties for their future commercial applications. This book focuses on polymer composites applied in the field of electrical and electronic equipment, including but not limited to synthesis and preparation of new polymeric materials, structure–properties relationship of polymer composites, evaluation of materials application, simulation and modelling of material performance.
    Keywords: aramid nanofiber ; hydrogen bonds ; electric breakdown strength ; mechanical strength ; alumina nanoplates ; SiC crystal form ; micro-nano compound ; thermal conductivity ; breakdown field strength ; space charge ; polyimide polymer ; unipolar electrical stress ; temperature ; frequency ; surface streamer discharge ; silicone rubber coating ; three-electrode arrangement ; thermally stimulated current method ; surface properties ; dielectric elastomer ; intrinsic property ; energy harvesting ; epoxy resins ; Langmuir ; terahertz ; molecular simulation ; prediction ; epoxy resin ; partial discharge ; active product ; electro-thermal dissociation ; reactive molecular dynamics ; polyimide ; graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets ; polydopamine ; interfacial interaction ; breakdown strength ; molecular dynamics simulation ; damping performance ; nitrile-butadiene rubber ; graphene oxide ; antioxidant 4010NA ; droplet vibration ; high voltage insulator ; polymeric surface ; corona discharge ; arcing ; creepage distance ; streamer discharge ; curved profiles ; streamer propagation “stability” field ; streamer propagation path ; streamer propagation velocity ; Eucommia ulmoides gum ; carbon nanotubes ; graphene ; electromagnetic shielding ; honeycomb sandwich composites ; metamaterial ; radar stealth ; microwave absorbing material ; low frequency ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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