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  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
  • ddc:330
  • 2020-2024  (261)
  • 1935-1939
  • 2022  (261)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Recently, the development of polymeric materials for biomedical applications has advanced significantly. Polymeric materials are favored in the development of therapeutic devices, including temporary implants and three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering and in vitro disease modelling.Further advancements have also occurred in the utilization of polymeric materials for pharmacological applications, such as delivery vehicles for drug release.We would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. Research topics of interest include, but are not limited to, recent advances related to 3D cell culture, biomaterials, tissue engineering, disease modelling, hydrogel, organoids, drug discovery, bioimaging, cardio-renal, metabolic disease, and stem cell biology.
    Keywords: hydrogels ; crosslinking ; degradable ; gamma (γ)-irradiation ; sterilization ; sterility assurance ; antibacterial ability ; jojoba ; Simmondsia ; chemistry ; liquid wax ; biology ; toxicity ; pharmaceutical/industrial uses ; articular cartilage ; mechanical properties ; tribological properties ; antibacterial ; pathogens ; infectious diseases ; silver nanoparticles ; wound care ; wound dressings ; polymers ; gelatin ; nanofibers ; sponges ; Ag/RGO nanocomposites ; green preparation ; anticancer performance ; potential mechanism ; oxidative stress ; hydrogel ; poloxamer 407 polymer ; poloxamer 407 gel ; transungual drug delivery ; onychomycosis ; ungual penetration enhancer ; Terbinafine ; diafiltration ; SAXS ; aromatic interactions ; poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) ; chlorpheniramine ; polyelectrolyte ; aggregation ; coaxial electrospinning ; extracellular matrix ; myelination ; oligodendrocyte ; water-soluble materials ; orthokeratology lens ; protein deposition ; optical characteristics ; rubbing ; chitosan ; kenaf ; nanocrystalline cellulose ; platelet lysate ; wound healing ; carbohydrate polymers blends ; functional food ; antioxidant activity ; co-microencapsulation ; spray drying ; bacteria viability (Bacillus clausii) ; probiotics ; itraconazole ; self-emulsifying nanovesicles ; transungual ; anti-fungal ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This e-book summarises the latest advances in the rheumatic diseases with a focus on the recent efforts of vascular and pulmonary manifestations and anticipate the new and future directions of these research topic. Rheumatic diseases represent a heterogeneous group of severe autoimmune disorders. The present Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the complexity of vascular and pulmonary manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and helps in knowledge to manage them. The eleven published articles here collected underline the complexity of rheumatic diseases and the difficult to treated them. The manuscripts provide an overview of the pathophysiology and current treatment regimes of these disorders, highlighting tools which assist with diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy. Finally, we underline the importance of a multidisciplinary team working using the skills of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists.
    Keywords: systemic sclerosis ; scleroderma ; interstitial lung disease ; pulmonary function tests ; high-resolution computed tomography ; rheumatic ; pulmonary arterial hypertension ; targeted therapy ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; airway disease ; shrinking lung syndrome ; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage ; pleurisy ; infection ; cardiopulmonary exercise testing ; osteopontin ; connective tissue diseases ; pulmonary involvement ; microvascular involvement ; nailfold capillaroscopy ; rheumatoid arthritis ; interstitial lung diseases ; CX3CL1/fractalkine ; CX3CR1 ; M1 macrophage ; M2 macrophage ; SKG mice ; heart failure ; 3D-echocardiography ; ventricular function ; outcome ; ventricular-arterial coupling ; antifibrotic agents ; COVID-19 ; IPF ; progressive fibrosing ILD ; UIP ; pharmacological interactions ; fibromyalgia ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; probiotic ; VSL#3® ; efficacy ; tolerability ; polymyalgia rheumatica ; vagus nerve stimulation ; inflammatory response ; PMR ; t-vns ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles wrapped in a lipid bilayer membrane and are naturally released from cells. This kind of cargo vessel is a nanostructure that mainly transfers lipids, proteins, various nucleic acid fragments, and metabolic components to neighboring cells or distant parts of the body through the circulatory system. EVs are of great significance to the communication mechanism between cells. This book collects feature articles to enhance our understanding of the biological characteristics of EVs and their potential applications.
    Keywords: extracellular vesicle ; precision oncology ; cancer biomarker ; prostate cancer ; drug delivery ; extracellular vesicles ; lysosome ; nanocarriers ; ultrasound ; size exclusion chromatography ; differential ultracentrifugation ; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ; exosomes ; cancer ; biomarker ; diagnostic ; therapy ; liquid biopsy ; small extracellular vesicles (sEV) ; tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) ; melanoma cell-derived exosomes (MTEX) ; proteomics ; tumor microenvironment ; biomarkers ; ectosomes ; neoplasia ; microvesicles ; small extracellular vesicles ; isolation ; purification ; size-exclusion chromatography ; ultracentrifugation ; sucrose density cushion ; lymph node ; spleen ; solid tissue ; microvesicle ; exosome ; cancer therapeutic ; drug carrier ; flow cytometry ; immunophenotyping ; swarm detection ; tumor-associated macrophages ; macrophage polarization ; mannose receptor ; HIV-1 Nef ; glioblastoma ; microRNA ; immunoprecipitation ; CD44 ; human milk ; nutrient ; microbiota ; microRNAs ; nanocommunicator ; diagnostic biomarker ; drug delivery vehicle ; personalized cancer immunotherapy ; therapeutic agents ; cell-to-cell communication ; ionising radiation ; non-targeted effects ; signalling ; imaging flow cytometry ; biomarker reservoirs ; cancer diagnostics ; disease monitoring ; large EVs ; ovarian cancer cells ; ES-2 ; OAW-42 ; adipose tissue origin mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint is related to the latest research in the field of thyroid surgery, including molecular and imaging diagnosis, surgical treatment, and the treatment of recurrent disease and advanced thyroid carcinoma.
    Keywords: thyroid carcinoma ; prophylactic central lymph node dissection ; lymph node metastases ; RET ; medullary thyroid carcinoma ; clinical management ; variants of uncertain significance ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; papillary thyroid cancer ; minimal extrathyroidal extension ; radioactive iodine therapy ; prognosis ; TNM ; histology ; multifocality ; lymph node metastasis ; vascular invasion ; autoimmune thyroid diseases ; radioiodine refractory ; Lenvatinib ; 18F-FDG-PET/CT ; cost-benefit analysis ; economics ; medical ; thyroid neoplasms ; radiomics ; ultrasound ; magnetic resonance imaging ; computer tomography ; prediction ; classification ; angiogenic microenvironment ; prognostic factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; therapeutic target ; tumor microenvironment ; tumor behavior ; proliferation pathways ; cell cycle control pathways ; angiogenesis process ; thyroid cancer ; Gal-3 expression ; NIFTP ; EFVPTC ; lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) ; immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis ; molecular imaging ; theranostics ; companion diagnostics ; immunoPET ; anaplastic thyroid cancer ; poorly thyroid cancer ; genetic landscape ; genetically guided therapy ; fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG) ; positron emission tomography (PET) ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; recurrence ; neoplasm metastasis ; thyroid surgery ; hypoparathyroidism ; fluorescence-guided surgery ; near-infrared autofluorescence ; PRKAR1A ; PKA ; Carney complex ; cAMP ; bone metastasis ; metastasectomy ; stereotactic radiosurgery ; ultrasound imaging ; thyroid nodule ; fine-needle aspiration ; papillary thyroid carcinoma ; lobectomy ; operative extent ; CONUT score ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-02-11
    Description: law; medicine; medico legal; bioethics and health law; ethics; philosophy
    Keywords: law; medicine; medico legal; bioethics and health law; ethics; philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAD Bio-ethics ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Chronic intestinal diseases are increasing around the world. With poor quality of life and expensive healthcare costs, the patients demand novel approaches and treatments for better clinical outcomes. This book illustrates the state of the art and the envisaged near future in the management of these pathologies.
    Keywords: chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction ; parenteral nutrition ; pediatrics ; myopathy ; neuropathy ; IBS ; microbiota ; visceral hypersensitivity ; colorectal motility ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; anti-TNF ; ustekinumab ; vedolizumab ; postoperative complications ; surgery ; preoperative therapy ; biologic therapy ; bio-naïve ; IBD ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; lymphocyte migration ; treatment ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; biologic treatment ; combination ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue is aimed to offer an overview of studies presenting new rehabilitation approaches addressed to children with neurodevelopmental disorders, designed to enhance the effects of learning processes through the use of new technologies. The contributions of this Special Issue, authored by researchers and clinicians from some of the most valued Italian scientific institutions in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders, can offer some useful data and advice on the use of technology in rehabilitation and telerehabilitation to researchers, rehabilitators, clinicians and pratictioners (psychologists, neuropsychologists, speech therapists, etc.).
    Keywords: neurorehabilitation ; cognitive enhancement in children ; tech mediated rehabilitation ; developmental coordination disorders ; virtual reality ; telerehabilitation ; specific learning disorders ; cerebral palsy ; well-being ; dyslexia ; rhythm ; music therapy ; intervention ; developmental dyslexia ; new technologies ; augmented reality ; good practices ; Delphi method ; rehabilitation ; remote intervention ; children ; age ; severity ; improvement ; follow-up ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Recent research of epidural and transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation has demonstrated unprecedented improvements in motor function thought to be irreversibly lost due to chronic, severe spinal cord injury. Studies in parallel assess these methods for spasticity management as an alternative to medications that are often accompanied by deleterious side effects. As a noninvasive intervention, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation holds the great potential to find its way into wide clinical application. Its firm establishment and lasting acceptance as clinical practice in spinal cord injury will not only hinge on the demonstration of safety and efficacy, but also on the delineation of a conceptual framework of the underlying physiological mechanisms. This will also require advancing our understanding of immediate and temporary effects of transcutaneous spinal cord on neuronal circuits in the intact and injured spinal cord. The purpose of this collection of papers is to bring together peers in the field to share—and eventually fuse—their pertinent research into current neurorehabilitation practice by providing a clinical perspective and novel insights into the underlying mechanisms.
    Keywords: human ; neuromodulation ; neurorehabilitation ; non-invasive ; spinal cord injury ; transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation ; evoked potentials motor ; motor activity ; spinal cord stimulation ; spinal reflexes ; voluntary ankle control ; walking ; hand training ; combined intervention ; cervical spinal cord ; activity-based therapy ; gait ; locomotion ; paraplegia ; task-specific training ; tetraplegia ; use-dependent plasticity ; antispasmodic ; electrical stimulation ; pendulum test ; intensity effect ; muscle strength effect ; cervical ; corticospinal pathway ; spinal reflex ; electrically evoked spinal motor potentials ; cervical spinal cord injury ; motor evoked potentials ; automation ; electromyography ; noninvasive ; Parkinson’s disease ; posterior root-muscle reflexes ; spasticity ; transcutaneous ; biophysics ; H reflex ; M wave ; posterior root-muscle reflex ; posterior root stimulation ; spine alignment ; spinal cord ; spine ; spinal stimulation ; corticospinal tract ; functional connectivity ; movement ; sensorimotor networks ; task dependence ; interlimb coordination ; rehabilitation ; neurophysiology ; Hoffmann (H)-reflex ; motor-evoked potential ; electroencephalography ; event-related desynchronisation ; posterior root muscle reflex ; evoked potentials ; lumbar spinal cord ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The concept of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) encompasses novel kinds of medicines for human use that are based on genes, cells or tissues. These intend to offer not only regeneration, but complete functional recovery of diseased tissues and organs using different strategies. Gene therapy, cell therapy and tissue engineering are the main areas in which promising advanced therapies are emerging. The eye is a very complex organ whose main structures, the cornea and the retina, play a pivotal role in maintaining normal vision, as severe alterations in these tissues can lead to blindness. Ocular tissues are starting to benefit from ATMPs by fighting against the enormous complexity and devastating potential of many ocular diseases. However, developments arising from this field of work face important challenges related to vectors to deliver drugs and genetic material to target tissues, suitable biomaterials to prepare cell scaffolds and cell stemness, among others—not to mention the complicated legislation around ATMPs, the complexity in production and quality control and the absence of standardized protocols.The purpose of this Special Issue is to serve as an overview of the current progress in the application of cell and gene therapies, as well as tissue engineering to restore functionality in diseased ocular structures, and the challenges linked to reaching patients.
    Keywords: MPC polymer ; dry eye ; ocular surface ; lacrimal fluid ; mucin ; 3D bioprinting ; cornea ; retina ; ophthalmology ; tissue regeneration ; electrospinning ; conjunctiva ; decellularized tissue matrix ; small intestinal submucosa ; urinary bladder matrix ; polycaprolactone ; fiber ; tissue engineering ; stratification ; conjunctival epithelial cells ; hydrogel ; keratoplasty ; scaffold ; collagen ; advanced therapy medicinal product ; ATMP ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; eye ; ocular ; regulatory ; marketing authorization ; double-crosslinking ; carbodiimide ; glutaraldehyde ; sodium metabisulfite ; sodium borohydride ; EDC/NHS ; stem cells ; retinal diseases ; optic nerve diseases ; cell replacement ; cell sources ; advanced therapies ; ocular mucosa ; blindness ; CLET ; limbal niche ; limbal stem cell ; LSCD ; mesenchymal stem cell transplantation ; MSCT ; corneal limbus ; decellularized xenograft ; recellularization ; mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The scope of the Special Issue is research and reviews on evaluations of current practice, innovations in medication management, developments in therapeutics, and pharmaceutical science research that informs and improves practice and administration, as well as the social and administrative pharmacy. We will mainly feature original research, reviews, short reports, and clinical studies, but also case reports, descriptive/how-to, and commentary submissions for consideration.
    Keywords: older adults ; polypharmacy ; internal medicine ward ; community pharmacy ; drug disposal ; unused medication ; environment ; awareness ; practice ; ambulatory care facilities ; health workforce ; pharmacists ; Taiwan ; Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) ; National Health Service (NHS) ; Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health Fellowship ; CPhOGH Fellows ; CwPAMS ; pharmacy ; fellowship ; health partnerships ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; global health ; leadership ; non-prescription medicines ; emergency contraception ; community pharmacies ; information gathering ; availability ; pricing ; mystery calls ; ulipristal acetate ; levonorgestrel ; Germany ; e-prescription ; prescription writing ; Jazan ; Saudi Arabia ; prescription errors ; medicine consumption ; defined daily dose ; adolescents and young adults ; cancer patients ; fragility ; pain ; MUR ; medication review ; barriers ; pharmacist ; pregabalin ; abuse ; community pharmacists ; reproductive health ; contraception ; emergency contraceptives ; patient education ; biosensing technology ; digital medicine system ; medication adherence ; medication event monitoring system ; nonadherence ; prescription opioids ; mortality ; standardized mortality ratio ; underlying cause of death ; prescriptions ; community pharmacy services ; emergency prescribing ; pharmacy practice ; pharmacy law and regulation ; COVID-19 ; additional monitoring ; black triangle ; adverse event reporting ; pharmacovigilance ; intervention ; outcomes ; systematic review ; pharmacy education ; decision to study in pharmacy ; selecting pharmacy as a first choice ; pharmacogenomics ; learning activity ; asynchronous learning ; virtual learning ; student survey ; Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly ; adverse drug events ; medication-related problems ; drug-related problems ; medication safety ; Medicare ; Medicaid ; financial management ; pharmacy management ; business ; entrepreneurship ; pharmacy students ; perception ; attitudes ; ability ; interprofessional ; simulation ; acute care ; nursing ; students ; standardized patients ; high fidelity ; SPICE-R2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The trend of digitalization is an omnipresent phenomenon nowadays – in social life and in the dental community. Advancement in digital technology has fostered research into new dental materials for the use of these workflows, particularly in the field of prosthodontics and oral implantology.CAD/CAM-technology has been the game changer for the production of tooth-borne and implant-supported (monolithic) reconstructions: from optical scanning, to on-screen designing, and rapid prototyping using milling or 3D-printing. In this context, the continuous development and speedy progress in digital workflows and dental materials ensure new opportunities in dentistry.The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the current knowledge with state-of-the-art theory and practical information on digital workflows to determine the uptake of technological innovations in dental materials science. In addition, emphasis is placed on identifying future research needs to manage the continuous increase in digitalization in combination with dental materials and to accomplish their clinical translation.This Special Issue welcomes all types of studies and reviews considering the perspectives of the various stakeholders with regard to digital dentistry and dental materials.
    Keywords: Dentistry ; Prosthodontics ; Implant ; dentistry ; Digital ; technology ; Dental ; materials ; Rapid ; prototyping ; CAD/CAM ; Optical ; scanning ; 3D ; printing ; Translational ; research ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Rare diseases, or orphan diseases, are those that individually affect a small number of patients, but taken together affect over 300 million people worldwide. They are characterized by their etiological, diagnostic and evolutionary complexity, important morbi-mortality, with high levels of disability that entail and hinder the development of a normal vital subject, not only in those who suffer from them, but also their families; therefore, a comprehensive social health approach is necessary to address this problem.About 80% of rare diseases have a genetic origin, mainly monogenic; thus, genetic testing is mandatory for the confirmation of clinical diagnostics and to ensure correct genetic counseling. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled a revolution in genetic diseases, specially in rare diseases. However, their complexity makes diagnoses difficult even with the advent of NGS.In this Special Issue, we present several examples of the complexity of genetic diagnosis for most of these diseases and the consequences that genetic testing implies for genetic counseling. There are examples of the genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss, some metabolic and lisosomal disorders, ataxia, Prader–Willi syndrome, and three comprehensive reviews on syndromic retinal dystrophies, the complexity of the molecular diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders, and the value of genetic counseling before and after a genetic test.
    Keywords: retina ; inherited retinal diseases ; syndrome ; Turner syndrome ; mosaicism ; ring chromosomes ; growth hormone deficiency ; pituitary microadenoma ; clinical genetics ; early onset ataxia ; dystonia ; neurodevelopment ; network analysis ; bioinformatics ; ataxia ; phenotype ; child ; NGS ; next generation sequencing ; inborn errors of metabolism ; lysosomal disorders ; neuromuscular disease ; genetic testing ; whole exome sequencing ; Prader–Willi syndrome ; imprinting disorder ; recombinant human growth hormone ; insulin-like growth factor 1 ; HMGLD ; HMGCL ; HMG-CoA lyase deficiency ; inherited metabolic diseases ; familial hearing loss ; multiple diagnoses ; non-syndromic hearing loss ; ACTG1 ; MYH9 ; genetic counselling ; rare diseases ; professional recognition ; hearing loss ; genetic diagnosis ; SLC26A4 ; DFNB4 ; Tuvinians ; Altaians ; Southern Siberia ; Russia ; GSDME ; DFNA5 ; single-exon CNV ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The year 2021 saw the publication of the Special Issue “"Diseases of the Salivary Glands" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm/special_issues/Salivary_Glands), Part I, covering recent and novel advancements as well as future trends in the field of research evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of salivary gland (SGs) diseases. Given the enormous success of Part I, the Special Issue “Diseases of the Salivary Glands” Part II has been launched, with the firm belief that it will enrich the panorama of world research in this field. Topics include: 1) Clinical features and presentation of potentially malignant SG disorders; 2) Risk factors and etiopathogenesis of SGs tumors; 3) Etiopathogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved in the chronic inflammatory condition characterizing Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 4) New discoveries in the field of micro RNAs associated with Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 5) Molecular markers linked to development and progression of SG diseases: current knowledge and future implications; 6) More innovative techniques for the study of the SG diseases: current limitations and future directions.
    Keywords: xerostomia ; dry mouth ; protein–protein interaction ; drug target ; head and neck cancer ; Sjögren’s Syndrome ; major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ; human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ; autoantigens ; T cells ; E-cadherins ; salivary glands ; morphogenesis ; EMT ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; autoimmunity ; hydrogen peroxide ; adrenaline ; blood loss ; tonsillectomy ; fibrosis ; pleomorphic adenoma ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma ; 99mTc-interleukin-2 ; activated lymphocytes ; inflammation imaging ; Sjögren syndrome ; nuclear medicine ; radiopharmaceuticals ; PET ; SPECT ; Follistatin-like 1 protein ; TGF-β1 ; SMAD2/3 ; fluoride ; sodium fluoride ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a strong inflammatory-like microenvironment in the affected tissue. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates range from 2%–10% of women of reproductive age, to 50% of infertile women. Its etiopathogenesis of endometriosis still remains controversial—immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may be all involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.This book aims to summarize recent ground-breaking studies that may open new scenarios and change the perspective of the topic, including cutting-edge elements about diagnosis, pharmacologic and surgical treatments, as well as basic/translational science (immunology, cell biology, genetics, and epigenetics) pieces of evidence, to unravel new pathways to follow for the future diagnosis and management of endometriosis, and to improve our current knowledge of its aetiology.
    Keywords: BTG1 ; endometriosis ; human endometrial stromal cells ; endometrium ; uterus ; purinergic signaling ; ATP ; pathogenesis ; genetics ; epigenetics ; immunology ; ion channels ; etiology ; CFTR ; aquaporin ; chloride channels ; biomarker ; angiogenesis ; cytokines ; urinary biomarkers ; genetic polymorphisms ; SNPs ; aetiology ; Mediterranean population ; Sardinian population ; peritoneal fluid ; microenvironment ; precision medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 17
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Trauma is still a leading cause of death in patients below 40 years of age. Clinical management of severely injured patients is challenging in all phases of treatment during the clinical course. Numerous factors, such as injury severity, injury pattern, patient characteristics and trauma system, affect the decision-making process in our patients. After the successful initial management of an unstable multiply injured patient, secondary definitive surgeries and reconstructions may have a risk for further systemic complications and the deterioration of the patient’s physiology. A “Safe Definitive Surgery” (SDS) concept considers the dynamics of the clinical course (prehospital, operations, complications, etc.) and the patient’s physiology. Due to the repeated re-evaluation and assessment of the patient’s clinical course, dynamics and adaptation of the treatment strategy, the safe management of polytraumatized patients is possible. Many unanswered questions still exist and need to be addressed in future studies: Which patients profit by the damage control strategy and which do not? When is it best to start with the definitive fixation of fractures in multiply injured patients? How can one improve the quality of life in polytraumatized patients? What are the strategies in elderly severely injured patients? With this Special Issue, we would like to stimulate research in the field of polytrauma in order to shed light on the above-mentioned questions
    Keywords: pelvic ring fracture ; PCCD ; position ; associated injuries ; geriatric trauma ; scoring ; polytrauma ; ISS ; AIS ; geriatric patients ; orthogeriatric ; E-bike injuries ; outcome ; injury pattern comparison ; traumatic injury ; reactive oxygen species ; phagocytosis ; CD14 ; CD16 ; CD62L ; fMLP ; PMA ; emergency surgery ; trauma team competence ; trauma system ; life-saving intervention ; trauma ; non-invasive external pelvic stabilizers ; bleeding ; pelvic fractures ; post mortem analysis ; biomechanical force ; pneumatic pelvic sling VBM® ; T-POD® ; cloth sling ; SAM Sling® ; trauma victims ; prehospital death ; Injury Severity Score (ISS) ; hemorrhage ; shock ; resuscitation ; coagulopathy ; oxygen transport ; endotheliopathy ; microcirculation ; macrocirculation ; orthopaedic trauma ; nutritional deficiencies ; vitamins ; lower extremity ; wound complications ; nutrition wound healing ; platelets ; immune system ; posttraumatic organ failure ; posttraumatic lung dysfunction ; posttraumatic hyperinflammation ; I-FABP ; biomarker ; intestinal damage ; hemorrhagic shock ; major trauma ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In higher mammals, including primates and carnivores, the asymmetrical aspects of brain morphology and function have been shown to be species-related, sex-related, and subject to individual diversity, and are associated with cognition, emotion, language, preference of hand/paw use, and numerous other aspects. Disturbance of the brain lateralization is involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders with cognitive impairments, social deficits, and/or specific language impairments. Asymmetric development may be essential to the evolution of the brain in acquiring higher and/or more diverse functions. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Brain Asymmetry in Evolution” is to highlight morphological and functional lateralization of the brain in various species of mammals toward understanding the evolution of the brain.
    Keywords: oxyhemoglobin level ; state anxiety ; task performance ; heart rate ; human ; asymmetry ; sex difference ; MRI ; volumetry ; cerebellum ; ferret ; lateralization ; side bias ; fish ; methodological artefacts ; symmetry ; non-human primate ; Old World monkey ; evolution ; evolutionary expansion ; gyrification ; structural asymmetry ; language laterality ; topological data analysis ; persistent homology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: TOX is a manual aimed primarily at the Toxicology courses of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, that can also be profitably utilised by students following different degree courses in other Faculties (Medicine, Agriculture, Engineering)and by anyone else looking for a thorough but succinct overview of toxicological questions. TOX covers the principal sectors of general toxicology (acute and chronic toxicity, mutagenesis, teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, oxidative damage, epidemiological methods), specialist toxicology(dietary toxicity, tobacco smoke, pesticides, N-nitroso compounds, heterocyclic amines and aromatic amines toxicity) and environmental toxicology (environmental estrogens, PAH, heavy metals, dioxins and polychlorinated di-benzo-furans, water and air pollution).
    Keywords: Medicina ; Tossicologia ; Farmacologia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This text presents cutting-edge topics on and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for tear film abnormities, including dry eye disease and Meibomian gland dysfunction. A new management algorithm for Meibomian gland dysfunction, therapeutic eye drops and intense pulsed lasers for dry eye disease, and topical and systemic agents for neuropathic ocular pain are proposed in this issue.
    Keywords: cross-sectional study ; dry eye disease ; systemic comorbidity ; graves’ ophthalmopathy ; inflammation ; meibomian glands ; morphological changes ; meibomian gland dysfunction ; ocular surface disease ; dry eye symptoms ; questionnaire ; Bangladesh ; global health ; epidemiology ; aqueous-deficient dry eye ; meibomian gland ; intense pulsed light ; severe keratitis ; hyaluronan ; hylan A ; multicenter ; randomized trial ; gabapentin ; dry eye ; neuropathic pain ; diabetes ; neuropathic keratopathy ; neuropathy ; nerve growth ; neurotrophic ; Houttuynia ; ultrasonic atomization ; meibography ; meiboscore ; TRPM8 agonist ; cryosim-3 ; fatty acids ; vitamin D ; brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire ; Japanese ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-24
    Description: Natural products or organic compounds isolated from natural sources as primary or secondary metabolites have inspired numerous drugs. It is not an overstatement that the majority of medicines in clinics, even in the 21st century, have been derived from natural resources despite the decline of industry research into natural products due to a variety of drawbacks. Saffron crocus, considered to be the most valuable spice by weight, and its bioactive constituents, have been studied for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases. In this book on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents, we aimed to assess new advances in the understanding of the therapeutic action of saffron and its constituents in targeting different pathologies. In this context, eight original research articles covering recent advances in the therapeutic actions of saffron and its ingredients in different diseases are reported. Two studies reporting novel methods regarding the bioanalysis of saffron extracts have been included. The collection is completed with two very interesting reviews reporting advances in the fields of schizophrenia and cancer. In conclusion, in this book, we are delighted to have received several contributions that we hope will provide new and interesting information for the scientific community on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents.
    Keywords: saffron ; affron® ; depression ; anxiety ; antioxidant ; crocins ; glucose ; β-pancreatic cells ; insulin ; pck1 ; neuroprotective activity ; P2X7 receptor ; fraction ; flumazenil ; rat ; Crocus sativus ; cancer ; anticancer activity ; chemoprevention ; clinical trials ; patents ; anesthetic ketamine ; memory ; Crocus sativus L. ; schizophrenia ; crocetin ; pubertal testis ; X-rays ; radiotherapy ; fertility preservation ; SIRT1 ; HuR ; oxidative stress ; autophagy ; crocin ; picrocrocin ; safranal ; dietary supplement ; nutraceutical ; Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) ; reversed-phase UPLC ; metabolomics ; HR MS ; inflammatory bowel disease ; gut microbiota ; colitis ; cytokines ; colorectal cancer ; HCT116 ; MLH1 ; MSH3 ; DNA damage and repair ; apoptosis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In the past few years, knowledge about glaucoma diagnosis and follow up has evolved dramatically through advances in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, corneal biomechanics, structural and functional assessment of the ocular surface, anterior chamber, retina, optic nerve and intracranial visual pathways, as well as the advent of artificial intelligence. In addition, the development of new modalities of IOP-lowering and non-IOP-lowering drugs, alternative deliveries, refined laser technologies, and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) techniques with different implants have widened the therapeutic possibilities for treating this disease. Finally, current insights into risk factors and quality of life in relation to glaucomatous impairment are emerging. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest exciting clinical developments that are taking place in the field of glaucoma.
    Keywords: ripasudil ; suture trabeculotomy ab interno ; Schlemm’s canal incision ; aqueous outflow ; open-angle glaucoma ; glaucoma ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; phenotype ; polymorphism ; susceptibility ; intraocular pressure ; ocular inflammation ; cornea biomechanics ; Corvis® ST ; subclinical keratoconus ; ocular hypertension ; tears ; miRNAs ; next generation sequencing ; biomarkers ; genes ; signaling pathways ; apoptosis ; neurodegeneration ; glaucoma suspect ; lamina cribrosa ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; peripapillary vessel density ; OCTA ; vessel density ; disc ; peripapillary ; NTG ; BRVO ; corneal hysteresis ; corneal biomechanics ; ocular biomarkers ; deep learning ; perimetry ; optic nerve ; obesity ; risk factor ; young adults ; multifocal visual evoked potentials ; mfVEP ; physical exercise ; sport ; acrobatic gymnastics ; baseline intraocular pressure ; central corneal thickness ; ocular health ; tumbling skills ; hand balance ; cytokines ; BDNF ; VEGF ; fractalkine ; microglia ; saffron ; crocin ; retinal glial cells ; microperimetry ; OCT ; macula ; structure ; function ; correlation ; retina ; inner ; outer ; macular segmentation ; optical coherence tomography-angiography ; vascular density ; blood flow ; biomarker ; myopia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This special issue on the genetics of Alzheimer's disease was edited by Drs. Laura Ibanez and Justin Miller in 2021. It contains 10 original articles and reviews that help readers understand specific genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease and how genetics will play a role in future Alzheimer's disease research.
    Keywords: Alzheimer disease ; expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) ; rare variants ; set-based eQTL ; SKAT-O ; pathways ; immune system ; inflammation ; ROSMAP ; ADNI ; complement ; complement receptor 1 ; clusterin ; late-onset Alzheimer’s disease ; genetics ; neuroinflammation ; Alzheimer’s disease ; cytokines and growth factors ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)-based analysis ; TOMM40 gene ; RNA transcription ; pseudogene ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; ITIM ; ITAM ; SIGLEC14 ; SIGLEC5 ; copy number variation ; CNV ; GWAS ; long non-coding RNA ; biomarkers ; peripheral system ; amyloid β ; tau ; APOE ; TREM2 ; OMICS ; therapeutics ; pairwise feature correlation ; feature reduction ; machine learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The clinical-scientific report 2007-2009 of the Meyer Hospital is the annotated description of the activities stemming from the two elements that make up the 'mission' of the structure: health care and research. It has been structured in such a way that the integration between these two functions emerges as an essential element for the pursuit of hospital excellence. For those working in the hospital the work undoubtedly represents a useful stimulus for meditation and self-assessment regarding the activities performed; at the same time it also offers an ulterior tool for making the Meyer better known beyond the hospital itself.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: Italian
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In the last decade, research on cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has significantly advanced our understanding of the effect of CAP on cancer cells and their potential for cancer treatment. This effect is due to the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) created by plasma. This has been demonstrated for different cancer cell lines and the first clinical trials showed promising results. In addition, plasma could be combined with other treatments—such as immunotherapy—to boost its anticancer activity. The addition of new research tools to study the response of cancer cells to CAP—such as 3D in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models and in silico approaches—as well as the use of -OMICS technologies could aid in unravelling the underlying mechanisms of CAP in cancer treatment. In order to progress towards widespread clinical application of CAP, an integrated study of the multidimensional effect of CAP in cancer treatment is essential. In this book, reviews and original research papers are published that provide new insights into the mechanisms of cold atmospheric plasma in cancer treatment, based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, clinical studies, as well as computer modeling.
    Keywords: cell adhesion ; plasma medicine ; oncology ; cold atmospheric plasma ; selectivity ; plasma-treated liquid ; dielectric barrier discharge ; pancreatic cancer ; pancreatic stellate cells ; immunogenic cell death ; dendritic cells ; cell communication ; extracellular matrix (ECM) ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS) ; tumour microenvironment (TME) ; extracellular vesicles ; communication junctions ; three-dimensional in vitro culture models ; apoptosis ; breast cancer ; genome-wide expression ; reactive oxygen species ; anticancer drugs ; screening ; tumor spheroids ; combination therapy ; kINPen ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; ROS ; cancer ; non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) ; indirect treatment ; plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline ; electroporation ; electric pulses ; pulsed electric field amplitude ; melanoma ; long-lived reactive species ; bone cancer ; osteosarcoma ; reactive species ; plasma-activated liquid ; Ringer’s saline ; organotypic model ; nonthermal biocompatible plasma ; soft jet plasma ; human glioblastoma ; p38/MAPK pathway ; tissue penetration ; non-thermal plasma ; non-invasive plasma treatment (NIPP) ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) ; Raman imaging ; Raman microspectroscopy ; Plasma lipid interactions ; cold physical plasma ; radiation therapy ; radio-frequency discharge ; PARP-inhibitor ; olaparib ; DNA-damage ; gold quantum dots ; plasma ; nanomaterials ; cellular uptake ; invasiveness ; cold atmospheric pressure plasma ; plasma-activated Ringer’s lactate solution ; ovarian cancer ; cytotoxicity ; plasma-activated liquids ; multicellular tumor spheroids ; long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; high frequency electrosurgery ; plasma treatment ; cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) ; free radicals ; cancer selectivity ; cervical cancer treatment ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ; cholangiocarcinoma ; cold plasma ; innovative therapy ; tumor cells ; macrophages ; plasma selectivity ; plasma jet ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by healthy cells and are maintained at physiological levels by antioxidant systems. However, when ROS increase in number, a condition of oxidative stress occurs, leading to many human diseases, including cancer. The relationship between oxidative stress and cancer is complex since ROS play a double-edged role in cancer development and under therapy response. This paradox represents a great challenge for researchers and needs to be investigated. The articles collected in this Special Issue can help to clarify the role of ROS modulation in cancer prevention and treatment, and to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying its paradoxical role in order to counteract carcinogenesis or enhance sensitivity to anticancer therapy.
    Keywords: sonodynamic therapy ; carbon doped titanium dioxide ; sonosensitizers ; ultrasound ; cancer treatment ; breast cancer treatment ; radiotherapy ; hematological malignancies ; oxidative stress ; lymphoma ; leukemia ; multiple myeloma ; apoptosis ; mitochondria ; ultraviolet-C (UVC) ; withanolide ; combined treatment ; oral cancer ; DNA damage ; cancer therapy ; immune system ; Hypericum perforatum ; hyperforin ; reactive oxygen species ; pH regulation ; tumor prevention ; tumor therapy ; cancerogenesis ; inflammatory signaling ; natural compounds ; pancreatic cancer ; antitumor agents ; coordination polymers ; bioinorganic chemistry ; cold atmospheric plasma ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; nitrite ; cancer stem cells ; chemoresistance ; glutathione ; lipid peroxidation ; ZEB-1 ; GPX4 ; ferroptosis ; HO-1 ; Nrf2 ; cancer progression ; patients ; therapy ; prognosis ; biomarker ; Eprenetapopt ; Erastin ; glutathione (GSH) ; SLC7A11 ; iron ; NRF2 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes articles written by over 80 specialists from many countries that demonstrate the biological functions of ultrasonic vocalizations and how they are used in studies of vocal expression of emotional states and in numerous animal models of neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. Results of investigations of emissions of ultrasonic vocalizations are useful in studies of emotional disturbances, affective disorders, autism spectrum disorders, addiction, developmental abnormalities, and many other pathologies.
    Keywords: ultrasonic vocalization ; maternal immune activation ; autism ; communication ; rat ; sex differences ; social play ; rats ; anxiety ; observational fear learning ; USV ; maternal separation ; pup ; vasopressin antagonists ; righting reflex ; negative geotaxis ; ACTH ; corticosterone ; Brattleboro rat ; larynx ; female ; male ; 50-khz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) ; individual differences ; chronic variable stress (CVS) ; dopamine ; nucleus accumbens ; microdialysis ; evolution of vocalization ; 22 kHz calls ; 50 kHz calls ; infant isolation calls ; emotional arousal ; mesolimbic dopaminergic system ; mesolimbic cholinergic system ; hedonia ; ultrasonic vocalizations ; cognitive development ; respiration ; brain oscillations ; Cav1.2 ; calcium ; animal model ; rough-and-tumble play ; social approach ; playback ; social contact call ; alarm call ; social buffering ; distress ; emotional contagion ; fear contagion ; aversive state ; automated scoring ; addiction ; mental health ; machine learning ; drug discovery ; drug development ; Parkinson’s disease ; alpha-synuclein ; 6-OHDA ; Pink1 ; DJ1 ; exercise ; pharmacology ; pathology ; hypervigilance ; hyperreactivity ; exaggerated reactivity ; generalization ; PTSD ; depression ; heart rate ; Wistar ; 22-kHz calls ; 50-kHz calls ; affect ; aversion ; NOR ; reward ; working memory ; Y maze ; opioids ; fentanyl ; self-administration ; play ; food ; dam–pup interaction ; ethanol ; pup isolation ; rat pup ; 50 kHz vocalizations ; 22 kHz vocalizations ; amphetamine ; chemogenetics ; clozapine-n-oxide ; UMAP ; males ; females ; vocalizations ; fear extinction ; pain ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes 17 papers published in the Special Issue/Article Collectoin “New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas” including an editorial, 10 research papers and six review articles. Adrenal tumors represent a hot topic in contemporary endocrine oncology. Significant advancements in the genetics of genomics of these tumors have been made in recent years, and these articles give a useful and comprehensive overview of these issues. Questions regarding molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis (biomarkers) and even treatment are discussed in the papers written by international leaders of the field. Manuscripts are focused on three main topics: i. primary aldosteronism (the most common cause of secondary endocrine hypertension), ii. adrenocortical cancer and iii. pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, which are the tumors with the highest heritability in humans. The book is edited by Prof. Peter Igaz (Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University).
    Keywords: pheochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; genetics ; non-coding RNA ; malignancy ; biomarker ; treatment ; adaptive metabolism ; adrenal gland ; conn adenoma ; fatty acid metabolism ; ferroptosis ; hyperaldosteronism ; metabolic reprogramming ; β-oxidation ; PPARα ; tumor microenvironment ; Next Generation Sequencing ; hereditary cancer ; endocrine tumor syndrome ; KCNJ5 somatic mutation ; pulse wave velocity ; aldosterone-producing adenoma ; adrenalectomy ; propensity score matching ; arterial stiffness ; pheochromocytomas ; paragangliomas ; mutations ; susceptibility genes ; driver mutations ; hereditary ; germline ; somatic ; environment ; variants ; tumor suppressor genes ; metastatic ; RNAseq ; next generation sequencing ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; in silico analysis ; machine learning ; bioinformatic clustering ; biomarker prediction ; aldosterone producing adenoma ; ATP2B3 ; K416-F418delinsN mutation ; primary aldosteronism ; PPGL ; telomeres ; TERT ; ATRX ; NOP10 ; prognostic biomarker ; ALT ; phaeochromocytoma ; cancer ; mitochondrial complex II ; zebrafish ; therapy ; drug discovery ; redox balance pathway ; Vitamin C ; mitotane ; H295 strains ; microRNA ; aldosterone ; circulating ; adrenocortical ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; epidemiology ; genetic analysis ; mortality ; surveillance ; TP53 R337H ; genetic testing ; adrenocortical tumor ; neonatal screening ; screening ; adenoma ; adrenal ; tissue ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: People who have chronic diseases spend a significant amount of time in self-management in out-of-hospital environments, in their homes and in their community settings. These patients have different disease statuses and management requirements, so providing personalized care is key.Personalized care is a collaborative process that should be used in chronic condition management in which patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers identify and discuss problems caused by or related to the patient's condition and then develop plans and goals to empower patients.Personalized care can improve aspects of physical health, mental health, and the ability to self-manage conditions. Thus, a personalized care approach could greatly benefit patients with chronic conditions.In this book, we have included 20 articles that expand the current knowledge on the personalized care approach to diagnosing and treating chronically ill patients.
    Keywords: fibromyalgia ; physical functioning ; obesity ; pain catastrophizing ; pain acceptance ; chronic pain ; rehabilitation ; clinical psychology ; performance-based test ; dual-tasking ; cognitive function ; postural control ; older adults ; Parkinson disease ; personalized medicine ; clinical exercise ; exercise prescription ; boot camp ; physiotherapy ; compliance ; qualitative ; empowerment ; medication acceptability ; intentional nonadherence ; decision ; self esteem ; pharmacology ; rheumatology ; autoimmune ; adolescent ; nursing ; review literature ; sexuality ; virtual reality ; pain ; fatigue ; quality of life ; meta-analysis ; temporomandibular disorders ; surface electromyography ; aerobic exercise ; therapeutic exercise ; diabetes mellitus ; SGLT-2 inhibitors ; antidiabetic agents ; cardiovascular outcomes ; personalized therapy ; sleep ; chronic liver disease ; informal caregiver ; caregiver ; bibliometrics ; data analysis ; needs ; intervention ; patient-focused care ; aged ; disease prevention ; health promotion ; nursing education ; nursing students ; mental disorders ; mental illness ; social stigma ; students ; ageism ; stereotyping ; prejudice ; discrimination ; assessment ; aging ; stroke ; ischemia ; biomarkers ; mortality risk ; patient adherence ; glaucoma ; personalized care ; patient compliance ; child ; child abuse ; maltreatment ; neglect ; risk factors ; family ; caregivers ; child protective services ; advanced nursing practice ; rehabilitation nursing ; transitional care ; hospital discharge ; continuity of care ; hip fracture ; older person ; returning home ; safety ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This Special Issue covers original and innovative basic research regarding the anti-inflammatory potential of several classes of secondary metabolites (i.e., polyphenols, phytosterols, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides) in manifestations of acute and chronic inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
    Keywords: laminarin ; aging ; transient cerebral ischemia ; neuroprotection ; oxidative stress ; neuroinflammation ; marine-derived fungi ; anti-inflammation ; anti-neuroinflammation ; PTP1B ; marine biocompounds ; neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Parkinson’s disease ; Bacillus sp. ; proteoglycan ; macrophages ; Padina boryana ; RAW 264.7 macrophages ; Nrf2/HO-1 ; MAPK ; NF-κB ; P. oceanica ; inflammation ; pain ; CD-1 mice ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In the book "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation" we aim to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.
    Keywords: bioequivalence ; Biopharmaceutics Classification System ; in vitro ; dissolution test ; pravastatin ; oral absorption ; in silico modeling ; GastroPlus ; Phoenix WinNonlin ; pharmacokinetics ; clinical studies ; ibuprofen ; manometry ; gastrointestinal ; mechanistic modeling ; PBPK ; PBBM ; disintegration ; dissolution ; enteric-coated ; ICH ; quality control ; regional intestinal permeability ; permeation enhancers ; absorption-modifying excipients ; oral peptide delivery ; intestinal perfusion ; pharmaceutical development ; controlled release drug product ; biopharmaceutics classification system ; drug solubility ; drug permeability ; location-dependent absorption ; segregated flow intestinal model (SFM) ; traditional model (TM) ; route-dependent intestinal metabolism ; first-pass effect ; drug-drug interactions ; DDI ; in vitro in vivo extrapolations ; IVIVE ; zero-order absorption ; first-order absorption ; combined zero- and first-order absorption ; transit compartment absorption model ; in situ perfusion ; microdevices ; shape ; mucoadhesion ; colon absorption ; nutrient digestion ; nutrient absorption ; gastrointestinal hormone ; postprandial glycaemia ; energy intake ; region of the gut ; obesity ; type 2 diabetes ; Franz–PAMPA ; BCS drugs ; biomimetic membrane ; Franz cell ; passive drug transport ; BCS class IV drugs ; segmental-dependent intestinal permeability ; intestinal absorption ; oral drug delivery ; biopharmaceutics ; physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling ; furosemide ; intestinal permeability ; human colon carcinoma cell layer (Caco-2) ; hierarchical support vector regression (HSVR) ; drug absorption ; drug solubility/dissolution ; regional/segmental-dependent permeability and absorption ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Nowhere is the explosion in comprehensive genomic testing more evident than in oncology. Multiple consensus guidelines now recommend molecular testing as the standard of care for most metastatic tumors. To aid in the advancement of this rapidly changing field, we intend this Special Issue of JPM to focus on technical developments in the genomic profiling of cancer, detail promising somatic alterations that either are, or have a high likelihood of being, relevant in the near future, and to address issues related to the pricing and value of these tests.The last few years have seen the cost of molecular testing decrease by orders of magnitude. In 2018, we saw the first “site-agnostic” drug approvals in cancer (for microsatellite unstable cancer (PD-1 inhibitors) and NTRK-fusions (TRK inhibitors)). Research on targetable mutations, determination of genetic “signatures” that can use multiple individual genes/pathways, development of targeted therapy, and insight into the value of new technology remains at the cutting edge of research in this field. We are soliciting papers that present new technologies to assess predictive biomarkers in cancer, original research (pre-clinical or clinical) that demonstrates promise for particular targeted therapies in cancer, and articles that explore the clinical and financial impacts of this paradigmatic shift in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
    Keywords: patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) ; anti-cancer drug development ; immunodeficient mice ; precision medicine ; molecular profiling ; immunohistochemistry ; next-generation sequencing ; targeted therapy ; molecular oncology ; biomarkers ; molecular imaging ; non-small cell lung cancer ; proliferation ; cancer stem cells ; circulating tumour cells ; personalised treatment ; renal cell carcinoma ; clear cell ; VEGF ; immunotherapy ; PD-L1 ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; immune checkpoint blockade ; tyrosine-kinase inhibitors ; integrin-linked kinase (ILK) ; ovarian cancer ; sgRNA ; gene expression ; microarray ; xenograft ; MTB ; cancer ; oncology practice ; community setting ; CGP ; pancreatic cancer ; FOLFIRINOX ; chemotherapy ; gender ; cholangiocarcinoma ; biliary tract cancer ; prognosis ; neutrophils ; BRCA1 ; BRCA2 ; PALB2 ; homologous recombination repair ; colorectal cancer ; heme oxygenase-1 ; endothelin-1 ; endothelin con-verting enzyme-1 ; bosentan ; precision oncology ; tumor-agnostic indications ; solid tumors ; tumor markers ; FDA-approved therapeutics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: The University of Calgary’s innovative and collaborative approach to health care education is celebrated in an interdisciplinary collection. Bedside and Community is the inside story of fifty years of health care and health research at the University of Calgary. Drawing on the first-person accounts of researchers, administrators, faculty, and students along with archival research, and faculty histories, this collection celebrates the many significant contributions the University of Calgary has made to the health of Albertans. With contributions from the Cumming School of Medicine, the Faculty of Nursing, Faculty of Kinesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Environmental Design, Department of Psychology, and Indigenous Health Initiatives Bedside and Community is a truly collaborative history. Addressing the links between departments, the relationship between the university and the community, and evolving research and teaching methods, this book places the University of Calgary within a wider national context and shows how it has addressed the unique health needs of Southern Alberta. With a pioneering focus on primary care and commitment to interdisciplinary connections, the University of Calgary has made strides in health research, health education, and community outreach. Bedside and Community tells the story of a tradition of excellence that will light the way to future outreach and discovery.
    Keywords: Medicine ; Nursing ; Education ; Health ; Veterinary ; Medical administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBD Medical profession::MBDC Medical ethics & professional conduct
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The first national conference with international participation, “Fundamental aspects of atherosclerosis: scientific research for improving the technologies of personalized medicine”, was held in Novosibirsk on 15 October, 2021. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of atherosclerosis among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing cardiologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, and physician–scientists. The conference included plenary sessions, specialty sessions, satellite symposia, an open competition for young scientists.
    Keywords: metalloproteinases ; calcification ; atherosclerosis ; multiplex assay ; coronary heart disease ; aspirin ; resistance ; non-sensitivity ; antiplatelet ; light transmission aggregometry ; Plateletworks® ; familial hypercholesterolemia ; targeted sequencing technologies ; multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ; LDLR ; APOB ; ABCG5 ; APOC3 ; LPL ; SREBF1 ; rare variants ; coronary atherosclerosis ; ischemic heart disease ; saturated fatty acids ; monounsaturated fatty acids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; oxidative stress ; superoxide dismutase ; catalase ; glutathione peroxidase ; cumulative LDL-C level ; prognosis ; DNA methylation ; epigenetic age ; myocardial infarction ; acute coronary syndrome ; population ; nested case-control ; HAPIEE project ; HAPIEE study ; atrial fibrillation ; arterial hypertension ; obesity ; diabetes mellitus ; aging ; determinants ; prevalence ; Russian population cohort ; Cox regression analysis ; adiponectin ; leptin ; interleukin-6 ; epicardial adipose tissue ; perivascular adipose tissue ; circulating biochemical markers ; coronary atherosclerosis presence and severity ; integrated biomarker (i-BIO) ; validation ; visual markers ; lipoprotein(a) ; immune cells blood count ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJD Cardiovascular medicine
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The present work explores brain functional changes in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease (PD) patients by means of molecular imaging techniques. Thirty-one consecutive drug-naïve PD patients from the Neurological Clinic of the University of Flor-ence underwent clinical assessment, neuropsychological assessment, MRI, [123I]FP-CIT SPECT, [18F]FDG PET. First, [18F]FDG-PET was employed to identify in drug-naïve PD patients brain metabolic alteration uniquely related to disease process and not modulated by anti-parkinsonian therapeutic intervention. Second, [18F]FDG-PET and [123I]FP-CIT SPECT were employed together to explore the early functional changes in brain function related to dopaminergic depletion in the putamen and in the caudate nucleus.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Dear Readers, Oncolytic Viruses (OV) are self-propagating agents that can selectively induce the lysis of cancer cells while sparing normal tissues. OV-mediated cancer cell death is often immunogenic and triggers robust anticancer immune responses and immunoconversion of tumor microenvironments. This makes oncolytic virotherapy a promising new form of immunotherapy and OVs ideal candidates for combination therapy with other anticancer agents, including other immunotherapeutics. There are more than 40 OVs from nine different families in clinical development and many more at the preclinical stage. Each OV has its own unique characteristics, its pros and cons. Although herpes simplex virus is currently the lead clinical agent, a real champion among the OVs has not yet emerged, justifying the continuous development and optimization of these agents. This book, “Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy”, summarizes the state-of-the-art and gives a comprehensive overview of the OV arena with a particular focus on new trends, directions, challenges, and opportunities.
    Keywords: oncolytic viruses ; melanoma ; immunotherapy ; checkpoint inhibitors ; combinatory therapy ; reovirus ; oncolytic virus ; adenovirus ; oncolytic ; virotherapy ; targeting ; immunogenic cell death ; αvβ6 integrin ; oncolytic adenovirus ; cancer immunotherapy ; multi-stage ; immunostimulatory ; arming ; HSV-1 ; clinical trials ; newcastle disease virus ; NDV ; cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; PD-1 ; PD-L1 ; CTLA-4 ; type I interferon ; herpes simplex virus ; retargeted virus ; tropism retargeting ; tumor ; checkpoint inhibitor ; vaccination ; antigen-agnostic vaccination ; HER2 ; parvovirus ; tumor microenvironment ; combination therapy ; glioblastoma ; pancreatic cancer ; colorectal cancer ; measles virus ; vector engineering ; immune checkpoint blockade ; antitumor immune response ; delivery ; genetic modification ; biomarkers ; personalized oncolyticvirotherapy ; class I HLA ; immunosurveillance ; immunoediting ; oncogenic signaling ; RAS ; DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) ; viral mimicry ; epigenetic silencing ; adoptive T cell therapy ; CAR T cell ; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ; vesicular stomatitis virus ; small molecule ; cancer immune therapy ; cancer therapy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This Special Issue of Cancers focuses on new advances in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, both surgical and pharmacological (and combinations of these), and novel approaches to tackle treatment resistance and improve our understanding of this phenomenon.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; autophagy ; hydroxychloroquine ; chloroquine ; ROC-325 ; cysteine cathepsins ; cysteine cathepsin inhibitors ; lysosome ; renal cancer ; metastatic renal cell carcinoma ; immune-based combination therapies ; network meta-analysis ; PD-L1 ; predictive ; biomarker ; treatment ; TKIs ; mRCC ; biomarkers ; soluble factors ; immunotherapy ; renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ; sunitib resistance ; artesunate (ART) ; Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ; growth inhibition ; ferroptosis ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; ccRCC ; RCC ; kidney cancer ; evolution ; evolutionary trajectory ; metastatic ; second line therapy ; renal cell cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; individualization ; genomic signature ; transcriptomic analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 38
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The first all-Russia conference with international participation “Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine” was held in Novosibirsk on 26–27 November 2020. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of endocrine disorders among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing endocrinologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, and physician–scientists. The main topics included epidemiology and pathogenesis of endocrine disorders; genomic research in endocrinology; biochemical characteristics of endocrine aberrations; immunology and immunogenetics in endocrinology; cellular technologies in endocrinology; metabolomic research in endocrinology; pharmacogenetics; basic pathomorphology; high-tech care of patients with endocrine disorders; iodine-deficiency-related, autoimmune, and oncological diseases of the thyroid; modern diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus; osteoporosis and osteopenias; polyendocrinopathies; an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome; hypo- and hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D; neuroendocrine disorders; reproductive health; rehabilitation of patients with endocrine disorders; health resort and spa treatments of endocrine disorders and comorbid conditions.
    Keywords: diagnostic method ; severity of disturbances ; rheology ; diabetes mellitus ; erythrocyte ; dielectrophoresis ; anemia of chronic disease ; iron deficiency anemia ; hyperlipidemia ; inflammation ; C-reactive protein ; tumor necrosis factor-α ; erythrocyte sedimentation rate ; osteoporosis ; fracture ; menopause ; population ; chronic non-communicable diseases ; risk factors ; early IHD ; abdominal obesity ; blood cytokines/chemokines complex ; multiplex assay ; Flt3 ligand ; GM-CSF ; MCP-1 ; IL-4 ; maturity onset diabetes of the young type 14 ; APPL1 ; single-nucleotide variant ; Firmicutes ; Bacteroidetes ; gut microbiota ; bile microbiota ; gallstone patients ; maturity onset diabetes of the young ; MODY ; multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ; next-generation sequencing ; GCK ; HNF1A ; HNF4A ; HNF1B ; obesity ; BMI ; blood tests ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; norepinephrine concentration in the hypothalamus ; heart mass ; QTL analysis ; SNPs ; ISIAH hypertensive rat strain ; risk factor ; diabetes risk scale ; diabetes risk model ; type 1 diabetes mellitus ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; proton spectroscopy ; hippocampus ; cognitive dysfunction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The road of acceptance of oncologic thermotherapy/hyperthermia as a synergistic modality in combination with standard oncologic therapies is still bumpy. This is partially due to the lack of level I evidence from international, multicentric, randomized clinical trials including large patient numbers and a long term follow-up. Therefore we need more level I EVIDENCE from clinical trials, we need HARMONISATION and global acceptance for existing technologies and a common language understood by all stakeholders and we need INNOVATION in the fields of biology, clinics and technology to move thermotherapy/hyperthermia forward. This is the main focus of this reprint. In this reprintyou find carefully selected and peer-reviewed contributions from Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. The published papers from leading scientists from all over the world covering a broad range of timely research topics might also help to strengthen thermotherapy on a global level.
    Keywords: perfusion estimation ; temperature monitoring ; conductivity reconstruction ; systems medicine ; immune system in silico ; perceptron ; antigen pattern ; danger signal ; fractionation ; immune response ; head and neck cancer ; hyperthermia ; reirradiation ; treatment outcome ; hyperthermia treatment planning ; adaptive planning ; temperature optimization ; low-middle-income group countries ; cancer ; radiotherapy ; chemotherapy ; recurrent breast cancers ; cervical cancer ; head and neck cancers ; cost-effective ; meta-analysis ; intensity-modulated radiotherapy ; prostate cancer ; thermal dose ; thermometric parameters ; preclinical data ; clinical evidence ; modulated electro-hyperthermia ; abscopal effect ; locally advanced cervical cancer ; resource-constrained setting ; radiosensitiser ; rectal cancer ; chemoradiotherapy ; tumour control ; loco-regional hyperthermia ; oncology ; cellular selection ; bioelectromagnetics ; complexity ; immune-effects ; moderate hyperthermia ; deep hyperthermia ; radiative hyperthermia ; patterns of care ; reimbursement ; regional hyperthermia ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; survival ; induced ; brachytherapy ; prostatic neoplasms ; interstitial hyperthermia ; treatment plan optimization ; prostate ; thermoradiotherapy ; linear quadratic model ; biological modeling ; thermal dosimetry ; hypoxia ; radiation therapy ; reoxygenation ; perfusion ; oxygen consumption rate ; local tumor control ; biomarker ; immune phenotype ; hyperthermia treatment sequence ; breast cancer ; immune checkpoint molecules ; dendritic cell activation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 40
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This is a reprint of the MDPI IJERPH Special Issue entitled "COVID-19 and Environment: Impacts of a Global Pandemic". The reprint consists of 17 papers with different topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental impacts using data from different countries all over the globe.
    Keywords: risk perception ; China as an international tourism destination ; anticipated emotions ; destination attachment ; post-pandemic ; COVID-19 ; customer behavior ; psychological process ; live-streaming shopping apps ; stimulus-organism-response framework ; Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 ; Flow Theory ; gender ; age ; SARS-CoV-2 ; environmental contamination ; air samples ; surface samples ; bottom trawling ; COVID-19 pandemic lockdown ; environmental impacts ; macrobenthic fauna ; tidal channels ; central Mediterranean Sea ; ethnopharmacology ; skin diseases ; cosmetics ; Lithuania ; global environment ; solid waste ; air quality ; transport ; airborne ; CO2 ; collective transport ; tramway ; filtration ; infectious diseases ; epidemiology ; public health ; elementary teacher ; junior high school teacher ; psychological change ; physical changes ; urban mobility ; parking demand ; IoT parking sensors ; explanatory data analysis ; parking policies ; vaccinations ; pharmacist ; KAP ; infection control ; burnout ; COVID-19 pandemic ; postnatal care ; psychological distress ; psychosocial support ; health-seeking behavior ; appendicitis ; surgical care ; metrology ; data analysis ; atmospheric environment ; pollution ; coronavirus ; comorbidity ; spatial analysis ; logistic regression ; ROC curve ; freight transport ; air freight ; sea shipping ; road transport ; recovery measures ; strategies ; public trust ; perceived societal fairness ; mental health ; air pollution ; PM2.5 concentration ; gym sports ; spatial econometric model ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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    Unknown
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multi-factorial progressive optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell degeneration and progressive visual field loss which, if left untreated, may lead to blindness. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered to be the main risk factor for developing POAG, and its reduction has been shown to correlate with a decrease in glaucoma incidence and progression. Considering that fewer than 10% of the subjects with ocular hypertension (OHT) will develop morphological and/or functional glaucomatous damage within 5 years if not treated, glaucoma causes and molecular changes leading to ocular tissue damage in glaucoma are still largely unknown. The contemporary treatment of POAG is mainly oriented towards reducing IOP; the importance of the IOP reduction in other types of glaucoma, such as the “normal pressure glaucoma”, is still discussed. The IOP value is maintained by balancing the amount of fluid contained within the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye; our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the secretion and active and passive outflow of the aqueous humor is extremely important for improving the treatment of glaucoma. Innovative pharmacological approaches, and laser and surgical procedures aiming to reduce IOP, have been developed in recent years. This book provides a compendium of topics regarding IOP, aqueous humor dynamics, tonometry, and medical and surgical techniques developed to reduce the IOP in subjects with ocular hypertension or glaucoma.
    Keywords: intraocular pressure ; serum calcium ; female ; ab interno trabeculotomy ; glaucoma ; incision in the Schlemm’s canal in degrees ; post-surgical complication ; neuroretinal rim reversal ; Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width ; trabeculectomy ; refractive error ; neuroretina ; myopia ; intraocular pressure (IOP) ; tonometry ; Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) ; central corneal thickness (CCT) ; ocular hypertension ; higher-order aberrations ; Kahook Dual Blade ; age ; central corneal thickness ; Goldmann Applanation tonometer ; non-contact tonometer ; rebound tonometer ; iCare ; open angle glaucoma (OAG) ; Schlemm’s canal viscodilation ; OMNI viscosurgical system ; minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) ; trabeculotomy ; cataract extraction ; aqueous humor ; GDF15 ; serum ; intravitreal injection ; anti-VEGF agents ; trabecular meshwork ; Matrigel ; 3D culture ; outflow ; cytoskeleton ; rho-kinase inhibitor ; prostaglandin analog ; childhood glaucoma ; aphakia ; pseudophakia ; cataract surgery ; lensectomy ; management (or therapy) ; glaucoma drainage device ; cyclodestruction ; corneal biomechanics ; ocular response analyzer ; ORA ; corneal hysteresis ; non-penetrating deep sclerectomy ; Esnoper V-2000 implant ; glucocorticoids ; safety profile ; intranasal administration ; inhaled administration ; systemic administration ; steroid response ; canaloplasty ; non-perforating surgical procedures ; pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) ; Schlemm’s canal ; phase-sensitive optical coherent tomography ; pulsatile motion ; IOP fluctuation ; primary open-angle glaucoma ; intraocular pressure measurement ; iCare tonometry ; Perkins tonometry ; standardized anaesthesia ; corneal thickness ; progression ; risk stratification ; XEN GelStent ; corneal resistance factor ; open-angle glaucoma ; n/a ; laser treatment ; dropless treatment ; thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy ; extraocular muscle ; magnetic resonance imaging ; T2 relaxation time ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is known to be associated with various cancers. As such, identification of novel Wnt pathway targets in cancer and better characterization of already-known targets present exciting, emerging opportunities for cancer treatment. In this Special Issue, we feature papers which discuss the role of Wnt signaling and associated targets in cancer metabolism, tumor immune response, and tumor microenvironment. Papers discussing a range of Wnt-mediated cancers, including those of the colon, liver, pancreas, synovium, bladder, etc., are included.
    Keywords: Wnt signaling ; synovial sarcoma ; TNIK ; NCB-0846 ; MYC ; hepatitis B virus ; HBV ; cancer ; liver cancer ; β-catenin ; TCF/LEF ; pancreatic cancer ; pancreatic stellate cells ; CBP ; p300 ; pancreatitis ; fibrosis ; just-right signaling ; APC ; colorectal cancer ; RNA-binding proteins ; Musashi ; drug discovery ; Notch signaling ; cancer therapy ; fungi secondary metabolite derivative ; microenvironment ; Wnt ; AML ; drug target ; signaling ; colorectal ; porcupine ; R-spondin ; serrated ; immunotherapy ; wnt ; vitamin D ; colon cancer ; L1 ; Wnt target genes ; cell adhesion ; NF-κB ; invasion and metastasis ; cancer stem cells ; EMT ; Lgr5 ; Wnt/beta-catenin signaling ; angiogenesis ; anti-angiogenic therapy ; gastrointestinal cancers ; therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling ; β-catenin paradox ; molecular targeting ; urothelial cancer ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; immunotherapy resistance ; IBD ; colitis ; β-catenin mutations ; tumor metabolism ; tumor immunology ; molecular therapeutics ; precision medicine ; astrocytic brain tumors ; DKKs ; GSK3β ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Breast cancer is acknowledged as an international priority in healthcare. It is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide, with demographic trends indicating a continuous increase in incidence. Over the years, increasing efforts and resources have been devoted to the search for a systematic and optimized strategy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Today, the Breast Unit model is considered the gold standard in order to ensure optimal patient-centered and research-based clinical services through multidisciplinary and integrated management.Surgical treatment has gradually evolved toward less aggressive approaches with the adoption of new therapeutic strategies. The evolution of evidence-based guidelines in such leading disciplines as radiation and medical oncology has led to a steady improvement in survival rates. This Special Issue will highlight innovations in the integrated management of breast cancer, their potential advantages, and the many open issues that still need to be properly defined and addressed.
    Keywords: metastatic breast cancer ; breast surgery ; immune system ; metabolic derangements ; precision medicine ; integrated therapies ; advanced breast cancer ; mTOR inhibitor ; CDK4/6 inhibitor ; endocrine resistance ; breast cancer ; pregnancy ; chemotherapy ; tailoring ; personalization ; DataMart ; real world data ; predictive model ; healthcare ; breast-conserving surgery ; non-palpable breast lesions ; image-guided localization ; preoperative breast localization ; breast ultrasound ; large database ; standardized data collection ; networks ; nipple-sparing mastectomy ; immediate breast reconstruction ; acellular dermal matrix (ADM) ; aesthetic and oncological outcomes ; quality of life ; rare breast cancer ; osteoclast-like giant cells ; gene profiling ; Oncotype Dx ; adjuvant treatment ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; sentinel lymph node ; systemic treatment ; locally advanced breast cancer ; mini-invasive treatment ; liver metastases ; hepatic surgery ; personalized medicine ; sarcopenia ; physical performance ; frailty ; older cancer patients ; clinical trial ; patient enrollment ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; lung cancer ; oncology ; web app ; conventional CT and CT angiography ; DIEP flap planning ; multidisciplinary treatment ; evidence-based medicine ; personalized treatment ; oncological outcomes ; patient quality of life ; normal breast ; breast pathology ; hormone receptor ; hormone expression ; lymphedema ; lymphaticovenous anastomosis ; vascularized lymph node transfer ; lymphatic microsurgery ; radiotherapy ; oligometastatic breast cancer ; locoregional therapy ; CDK4/6 inhibitors ; multidisciplinary ; AMH ; ovarian reserve ; pregnancy desire ; subtypes breast cancer ; miRNAs ; breast cancer treatment ; next-generation-sequencing ; target therapy ; old age ; survival ; vitamin D ; ductal breast cancer ; in situ breast cancer ; lobular breast cancer ; histology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 44
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Anorexia nervosa is a common eating disorder affecting several functions of the body. Although our knowledge of the underlying mechanism has increased, therapeutic options are still limited. This Special Issue discusses several aspects of anorexia nervosa and covers a broad range of topics from the bench to the bedside.
    Keywords: Anorexia nervosa ; treatment contracts ; weight gain ; inpatient treatment ; survey ; accelerometry ; eating disorders ; motor restlessness ; physical inactivity ; anorexia nervosa ; cognitive behaviour therapy ; manualised treatment ; modules ; worksheets ; guidelines ; evidenced-based ; treatment ; emotion regulation ; males ; drug-treatment ; pharmacotherapy ; medication ; nutrition ; comorbidity ; complication ; functional magnetic resonance imaging ; disorder-specific stimuli ; narrative review ; immune system ; inflammation ; cytokines ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 45
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book is a compilation of articles by experts on the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, many of which are full of data-based evidence from basic research perspectives or patient data.
    Keywords: 70-kDa heat shock proteins ; gingival crevicular fluid ; heat shock protein ; periodontitis ; periodontal disease ; diabetes ; diabetic retinopathy ; bleeding on probing ; probing pocket depth ; fasting blood sugar ; carotid artery calcification ; alveolar bone loss ; computed tomography ; panoramic radiographs ; aspiration pneumonia ; chronic periodontitis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; proinflammatory cytokines ; TLR2 ; epidemiological index ; item response theory ; oral examination ; diagnosis ; Mfa1 ; Toll-like receptors ; gingival fibroblast ; azithromycin ; human gingival fibroblast ; human periodontal ligament fibroblast ; IL-6 ; IL-8 ; MMP-1 ; MMP-2 ; chewing ability ; infection ; inflammation ; periodontal medicine ; Gan-Lu-Yin ; herbal medicine ; osteoclastogenesis ; periodontal diseases ; periodontal pocket ; health status indicators ; periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) ; rheumatoid arthritis ; tocilizumab ; periodontal inflamed surface area ; periodontal pathogen ; mixed effect modeling ; follow-up study ; Low reactive Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) ; human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) ; microarray ; differentially gene expression (DEGs) ; gene ontology ; biological processes (BP) ; protein–protein interaction (PPI) ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 46
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on humoral immune responses to viral infections in humans. The comprehensive study of antibody response is critical for the development of diagnostic tools, vaccines, and immunotherapeutics against life-threatening viral infections. Special attention is given to serological surveillance and characterization of virus-neutralizing antibodies.
    Keywords: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus ; H5N6 (clade 2.3.4.4) ; human sera ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; full proteome ; peptide microarrays ; glycan microarrays ; seroprevalence ; ELISA ; neutralization assay ; viral persistence ; serum antibody ; neutralization efficacy ; cytokine profile ; neutralising antibodies ; filoviruses ; ebolavirus ; post-vaccination ; post-infection ; monoclonal antibodies ; longitudinal antibody response ; antibody specificity ; recombinant proteins ; virus neutralization ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; Guangdong ; China ; antibody ; varicella–zoster virus (VZV) ; chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) ; IgA ; IgG ; IgM ; diagnostic test ; antibody therapeutic ; cryo-EM ; filovirus ; marburgvirus ; structural biology ; X-ray crystallography ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Bacterial resistance to known and currently used antibiotics represents a growing issue worldwide. It poses a major problem in the treatment of infectious diseases in general and hospital-acquired infections in particular. This is in part due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in past decades, which led to the selection of highly resistant bacteria and even so-called superbugs – multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Nosocomial infections, particularly, are often caused by MDR bacterial pathogens and the treatment of such infections is very complicated and extensive, often leading to various side effects, including adverse effects on the natural human microbiome. At the same time, the development of novel antibiotics is lagging with very few new ones in the pipeline. Finding viable alternatives to treat such infections may help to overcome these therapeutic issues. This publication brings novel developments in the field of bacterial resistance, mainly in the hospital settings, adequate antibiotic therapy, and identification of compounds useful to battle this growing issue.
    Keywords: VRE ; GIT ; hemato-oncological patients ; clonality ; antibiotic stewardship ; resistance ; consumption of antibiotics ; clonal spread ; Enterococcus faecium ; Enterococcus faecalis ; linezolid resistance ; 23S rRNA ; optrA ; carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ; carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ; N-acetylcysteine ; septic shock ; critically ill patients ; newborn ; infection ; bacteria ; antibiotic therapy ; hops ; C. difficile ; rat model ; Staphylococcus aureus ; MRSA ; spa typing ; MLST ; SCCmec typing ; clonal analysis ; epidemiology ; cancer patients ; duration of treatment ; colistin ; propensity score analysis ; multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ; urinary tract infections ; UTIs ; MDR ; Escherichia coli ; Klebsiella ; uropathogens ; AMR ; antibiotic resistance ; ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ; urinary tract infection ; clinical impact ; economic impact ; ventilator-associated pneumonia ; Klebsiella spp. ; Escherichia spp. ; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) ; endogenous infection ; methicillin-resistant ; porcine model ; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ; long term care facilities (LTCF) ; multidrug resistance (MDR) ; enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) ; ESBL ; PCR ; primer ; antimicrobial resistance ; infection prevention and control ; antimicrobial stewardship ; hospital ; cluster analysis ; principal component analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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  • 48
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Over the past few decades, modern information technology has made a significant impact on people’s daily lives worldwide. In the field of health care and prevention, there has been a progressing penetration of assistive health services such as personal health records, supporting apps for chronic diseases, or preventive cardiological monitoring. In 2020, the range of personal health services appeared to be almost unmanageable, accompanied by a multitude of different data formats and technical interfaces. The exchange of health-related data between different healthcare providers or platforms may therefore be difficult or even impossible. In addition, health professionals are increasingly confronted with medical data that were not acquired by themselves, but by an algorithmic “black box”. Even further, externally recorded data tend to be incompatible with the data models of classical healthcare information systems.From the individual’s perspective, digital services allow for the monitoring of their own health status. However, such services can also overwhelm their users, especially elderly people, with too many features or barely comprehensible information. It therefore seems highly relevant to examine whether such “always at hand” services exceed the digital literacy levels of average citizens.In this context, this reprint presents innovative, health-related applications or services emphasizing the role of user-centered information technology, with a special focus on one of the aforementioned aspects.
    Keywords: fever ; FeverApp ; ecological momentary assessment ; user behavior ; sociodemographic characteristics ; registry ; guidelines ; feasibility ; usability ; routine health information system ; health management information system ; health system performance ; machine learning ; digital health ; registry analysis ; ClinicalTrials.gov ; device regulation ; new information technology ; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) ; institution ; institutionalism ; digital informatics ; human–computer interaction ; personal health informatics ; consumer health data ; consumer health information ; self-tracking ; quantified self ; mHealth apps ; telemonitoring ; telemedicine ; telecardiology ; cardiology ; wearable ; sensors ; consumer health devices ; cardiovascular disease ; heart failure ; atrial fibrillation ; mental health ; psychiatry ; psychiatric record ; psychiatric notes ; patient accessible electronic health record ; PAEHR ; open notes ; policies ; COVID-19 ; technology acceptance ; user survey ; wearable health monitor ; ECG patch ; personal electronic health records ; technology adoption ; endogenous motivations ; health information privacy concern ; mixed-methods ; ePA ; online review helpfulness ; signaling theory ; sentiment analysis ; physician rating websites ; consumer decision-making ; health information technology ; information exchange ; hospital ; market ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 49
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Marine organisms are a treasure trove for the discovery of novel natural products, and, thus, marine natural products have been a focus of interest for researchers for decades. Some marine bacteria are prolific producers of natural products, occurring either free-living or, as recently shown, in symbiosis with marine animals. Recent advances in DNA sequencing have led to an enormous increase in published bacterial genomes and bioinformatics tools to analyze natural product biosynthetic potential by various “genome mining” approaches. Similarly, analytical NMR and MS methods for the characterization and comparison of metabolomes of natural product producers have advanced. Novel interdisciplinary approaches combine genomics and metabolomics data for accelerated and targeted natural product discovery. This Special Issue invites articles from both genomics- and metabolomics-driven studies on marine bacteria with a focus on natural product discovery and characterization. We particularly welcome articles that combine genomics and metabolomic approaches for the dereplication and characterization of marine bacterial natural products.
    Keywords: Moorena bouillonii ; marine natural products ; chemogeography ; metabolomics ; natural products ; dereplication ; antibiotics ; marine sponges ; plant pathogen ; cyclodepsipeptides ; marine Actinobacteria ; Streptomyces spp. ; antibiotic ; sea cucumber ; HCV ; Actinobacteria ; marine ; Polar ; genomics ; specialised metabolites ; chitin ; chitinase ; chitin degradation machinery ; Pseudoalteromonas ; secondary metabolites ; bacterial natural products ; mass spectrometry ; genome mining ; paired omics ; keratinases ; keratinolytic proteases ; marine-derived Streptomyces ; genomic comparison ; cyanobacteria ; symbionts ; comparative genomics ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; Indonesia ; biodiversity ; novel antibiotics ; drug screening ; bioactivity ; gene cluster networking ; GNPS ; enterococci ; genome-wide analysis ; bacteriocins ; probiotics ; wild marine species ; Neolyngbya ; anticancer ; drug discovery ; South China Sea ; wenchangamide ; Moorea producens ; CuSO4·5H2O assisted ; differential gDNA isolation ; filamentous bacteria ; micrococcin P1 and P2 ; stalked diatoms ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The overarching goal of this book is to provide a current picture of the latest developments in the capabilities of biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing in an affordable setting, such as advances in the technology involving light sources, and delivery, acoustic detection, and image reconstruction and processing algorithms. This book includes 14 chapters from globally prominent researchers , covering a comprehensive spectrum of photoacoustic imaging topics from technology developments and novel imaging methods to preclinical and clinical studies, predominantly in a cost-effective setting. Affordability is undoubtedly an important factor to be considered in the following years to help translate photoacoustic imaging to clinics around the globe. This first-ever book focused on biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing using affordable resources is thus timely, especially considering the fact that this technique is facing an exciting transition from benchtop to bedside. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as medical experts interested in the clinical applications of photoacoustic imaging.
    Keywords: photoacoustic microscopy ; ultrasonic transducer ; optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy ; transparent ultrasound transducer ; ultrasound stimulation ; photoacoustic ; LED ; clinic ; optical imaging ; tomography ; ultrasound ; small animal ; liver ; fibrosis ; optoacoustic ; spectral imaging ; blind source separation ; unsupervised unmixing ; photoacoustic imaging ; 3-D printed photoacoustic probe holder ; light delivery optimization ; LED divergence ; illumination scheme ; in vivo ; mouse ; Monte Carlo ; linear array ; tumor imaging ; LED-based photoacoustic imaging ; hair follicles ; FUE ; FUT ; photoacoustic computed tomography ; light-emitting diodes ; laser diodes ; oxygen saturation imaging ; photoacoustics ; fluence compensation ; hypoxia ; deep tissue imaging ; hemangioma ; laser ; light-emitting diodes (LED) ; mobile health ; peripheral arterial disease ; stroke ; vascular malformations ; signal enhancement ; pre-illumination ; photo-thermal effect ; heat capacity ; remote sensing ; endoscopy ; speckle ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    McGill-Queen’s University Press (mqup)
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Description: Early modern Russians preferred one method of treating the sick above all others: prescribing drugs. The Moscow court sourced pharmaceuticals from Asia, Africa, Western Europe, and the Americas, in addition to its own sprawling empire, to heal its ailing tsars. Mixing Medicines explores the dynamic and complex world of early modern Russian medical drugs, from its enthusiasm for newly imported American botanicals to its disgust at Western European medicines made from human corpses. Clare Griffin draws from detailed apothecary records to shed light on the early modern Russian Empire’s role in the global trade in medical drugs. Chapters follow the trade and use of medical ingredients through networks that linked Moscow to Western Europe, Asia, and the Americas; the transformation of natural objects, such as botanicals and chemicals, into medicines; the documentation and translation of medical knowledge; and Western European influence on Russian medical practices. Looking beyond practitioners, texts, and ideas to consider how materials of medicine were used by one of the early modern world’s major empires provides a novel account of the global history of early modern medicine. Mixing Medicines offers unique insight into how the dramatic reshaping of global trade touched the day-to-day lives of the people living in early modern Russia.
    Keywords: Materia medica; Russia; history ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The objective of this book is to present nutritional and educational interventions for children and their families. The creation of healthy preferences is a key determinant of food choices and therefore diet quality. Food choices have important implications for health, particularly for food-related diseases, such as feeding difficulties and the development of non-communicable diseases. The first years of a child's life are fundamental for the creation of tastes, eating habits and the relationship with food. Preferences for certain foods are neither innate nor unchangeable. Eating behaviour is the result of experience and learning, and, through the repeated offering of food by parents, especially those less accepted, it is possible to promote good nutrition. Behaviour depends on the interaction of environmental factors, genetics, sex, and age. The environment in which the child is immersed, and which influences them, includes family, other children, society, media and the supply of food. Achieving an adequate intake of macro and micro-nutrients is an important objective for all ages of life and, particularly, for those of pediatric age, since it is crucial for cognitive development. Nutrition has also a therapeutic effect. Nutritional interventions tailored to specific pathologies are needed to prevent nutritional deficiencies and maintain an adequate nutritional status, since children and adolescents with chronic or inflammatory diseases are particularly vulnerable and at major risk of developing malnutrition.
    Keywords: early food preferences ; feeding strategy ; dietary habits ; disease-related malnutrition ; educational intervention ; nutritional intervention ; obesity in childhood ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Knowledge, new concepts, and theoretical and experimental studies on coatings of implant and bone surfaces have been explained. Recent advancements in coating methods and materials for surface coating have both been extensively shown. Research on the use of modified implants and bone can be viewed through this paper. Improved understanding of the processes underpinning greater functionality will result from this issue.
    Keywords: curcumin ; high glucose ; osteogenesis ; bone formation ; diabetic osteoporosis ; cell survival ; cell migration assay ; calcium silicate-based cements ; calcium nodule formation ; bone substitute ; sinus floor augmentation ; maxillary tuberosity ; blood clotting ; dental implants ; hydrophilicity ; titanium ; ultraviolet rays ; bone morphogenetic protein 4 ; cell differentiation ; cellular spheroids ; gingiva osteogenesis ; stem cells ; titanium mesh ; bone graft ; guided bone regeneration ; ridge augmentation ; surface topography ; bacterial adhesion ; biomimetics ; soft lithography ; surface modification ; anti-bacterial agents ; calcium phosphate ; guided tissue regeneration ; membranes ; calcium sulfate ; dental implant ; sinus lift ; bioactive materials ; bioactive ceramic ; bioactive glass ; nanohydroxyapatite ; sol-gel process ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Thromboembolism is a compelling challenge in cancer care because of its life-threatening nature as well as its impact on specific treatments. Current guidelines do not generally recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis, except in selected categories of patients at high risk of thrombosis. Accordingly, several clinical decision models have been developed to guide the oncologist in thromboembolic risk assessment and targeted prophylaxis. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are currently considered as the standard approach in clinical practice guidelines, but recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicate that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective for the treatment/prophylaxis of cancer-associated thromboembolism. However, many unanswered questions remain on the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in selected cancer subgroups, and in primary and secondary prevention settings, where anticoagulation needs to be balanced on the risk of bleeding complications. Presently, patient selection remains the main challenge. Improvement in existing VTE risk models or the construction of alternative risk assessment tools are needed in order to ameliorate the risk stratification of cancer patients. This reprint will cover the current clinical evidence supporting the standard of care and emerging treatment/prophylactic options for cancer-associated thromboembolism during both active treatment and simultaneous/palliative care. Tailored approaches based on the use of individualized factors to stratify the thrombotic/bleeding risk in each individual patient are discussed.
    Keywords: multiple myeloma ; venous thromboembolism ; risk assessment models ; thromboprophylaxis ; direct oral anticoagulants ; cancer-associated venous thromboembolism ; thrombosis ; pulmonary embolism ; neoplasms ; anticoagulants ; coumarins ; low molecular weight heparins ; cancer ; endogenous heparin ; heparanase ; heparan sulfate ; hospice ; palliative care units ; low molecular weight heparin ; deep vein thrombosis ; cancer associated thrombosis ; VTE ; malignancy ; direct oral anticoagulant ; pancreatic cancer ; low-molecular weight heparin ; survival ; coagulation activation ; locally advanced breast cancer ; prognostic model ; pCR ; treatment ; prophylaxis ; DOAC ; simultaneous care ; integrated care ; lymphoma ; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ; Hodgkin lymphoma ; risk factors ; molecular subtype ; arterial thrombosis ; ALK ; ROS1 ; KRAS ; chemotherapy ; low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) ; VKA ; UFH ; DOACs ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Biosensing and bioimaging techniques largely promote the accurate diagnosis of intractable diseases, such as cancers, on the basis of specific molecular targets, or as-called biomarkers. To realize the assays with ultrahigh sensitivity and selectivity, the wide application of molecular biology and nanotechnology are of great necessity. Both directions may offer effective signal amplification strategies, as well as inhibition of cross-reaction interference. Therefore, this Special Issue, “Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective”, highlights the recent developments in intelligent biomolecule/nanostructure-based probes for bioimaging and biosensing applications. It consists of five peer-reviewed papers that cover current hot topics, such as biodegradable materials, DNA assembly, shRNA delivery and chimeric proteins, which will provide a unique perspective of advanced biosensing and bioimaging techniques.
    Keywords: Chagas disease ; immunoassays ; chimeric proteins ; stability ; biodegradable materials ; metal-organic framework ; metal ion nodes ; multimode imaging ; theranostic nano-platforms ; MCF-7 cells ; electrochemistry ; 2-D materials ; signal amplification ; DNA assembly ; bio-responsive fluorescent complexes ; shRNA delivery ; LncRNA MALAT1 ; cancer cells bioimaging ; therapeutics ; autophagy ; biosensor ; microfluidics ; organ-on-a-chip ; lung model ; lung-on-a-chip ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book represents one of the most up-to-date collections of articles on clinical practice and research in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The scholars who contributed to this book are experts in their field, carrying out cutting edge research in prestigious institutes worldwide (e.g., Harvard Medical School, University of California, MIND Institute, King’s College, Karolinska Institute, and many others). The book addressed many topics, including (1) The COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Epidemiology and prevalence; (3) Screening and early behavioral markers; (4) Diagnostic and phenotypic profile; (5) Treatment and intervention; (6) Etiopathogenesis (biomarkers, biology, and genetic, epigenetic, and risk factors); (7) Comorbidity; (8) Adulthood; and (9) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). This book testifies to the complexity of performing research in the field of ASD. The published contributions underline areas of progress and ongoing challenges in which more certain data is expected in the coming years. It would be desirable that experts, clinicians, researchers, and trainees could have the opportunity to read this updated text describing the challenging heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
    Keywords: autism spectrum disorder ; infants ; frontal EEG alpha asymmetry ; early detection ; autism spectrum disorders ; toddlers ; eye tracking ; joint attention ; longitudinal ; regression ; cytokines ; PAI-1 ; neuroinflammation ; gastrointestinal ; autism ; literature review ; comorbidity ; early intervention ; early intensive behavioral intervention ; behavioral intervention ; First Year Inventory ; early screening ; risk ; cross-cultural generalisability ; validity ; preschool teachers ; self-efficacy ; knowledge ; belief ; skills ; identify ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; level 1 and level 2 screening tools ; systematic review ; COSMIN ; PRISMA ; screening ; infection ; prion ; meta-analysis ; motion analysis ; video signal processing ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; infant screening ; n/a ; developmental language disorder ; semantic features ; word learning ; central coherence ; biomarker ; p-cresol ; mouse social behavior ; dopamine ; ASD ; vision ; proprioception ; self-motion ; immersive virtual reality ; IVR ; HMD ; technology ; persuasive text writing ; perspective-taking ; adolescence ; intervention ; sign language ; imitation ; cognition ; language acquisition ; prevalence estimate ; predictors ; surveillance review ; Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ; early intensive intervention ; developmental trajectories ; moderators and mediators of intervention. ; psychosis ; schizophrenia ; psychopathology ; AQ ; accuracy ; attention to detail ; self-awareness ; insight ; preconception risk factor ; Gilles de la Tourette ; obsession ; compulsion ; social behavior ; social impairment ; sensory profile ; sensory responsiveness ; feeding problems ; short sensory profile (SSP) ; sensory experience questionnaire (SEQ) ; coronavirus ; 2019-nCoV ; neurodevelopment ; child and adolescent psychiatry ; mental health prevention ; Asperger syndrome ; adults ; cerebrospinal fluid ; antibodies ; blood–brain barrier ; GAD65 ; Early Start Denver Model ; high-risk infants ; motor development ; high-functioning autism ; language ; experience ; communication ; autonomic nervous system ; wearable technologies ; EEG ; theory of mind ; adults and adolescents ; human figure drawings ; Draw-a-Man ; drawings maturity ; social perception ; ERP ; reward response ; RewP ; sensitization ; social skills intervention ; PEERS® ; adulthood ; diagnosis ; autistic traits ; action observation ; action prediction ; context ; priors ; hypothalamus ; amygdala ; oxytocin ; social cognition ; social interaction ; affiliative behavior ; neuroimaging ; COVID-19 ; challenging behavior ; dental care ; oral health ; medical procedures ; ICT ; wearable sensors ; migration ; Europe ; health system ; autism in adulthood ; intellectual disability ; regressive autism ; epilepsy ; challenging behaviors ; empathy ; executive functions ; attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder ; disruptive behavior disorders ; alexithymia ; anxiety ; depression ; TAS-20 ; TSIA ; parents ; broader autism phenotype ; autistic-like features ; social-cognitive development ; stereotypical behaviors ; visual impairment ; language profiles ; grammatical comprehension ; cannabinoids ; cannabidiol ; cannabidivarin ; THC ; problem behaviors ; sleep ; hyperactivity ; side effects ; motor performance skills ; Gulf ; BOT-2 ; machine learning ; employment ; telehealth ; ABA ; RCT ; cortisol ; group activity ; stress ; art ; assessment ; sensorimotor integration ; postural balance ; false positive report probability (FPRP) ; Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) ; Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) ; microbiome ; metabolomics ; study design ; biomarker discovery ; precise medicine ; bipolar disorder ; suicidal ideation ; suicidal attempts ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint is dedicated to the study of brain activity related to emotional and attentional involvement as measured by Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems designed for different purposes. A BCI system can translate brain signals (e.g., electric or hemodynamic brain activity indicators) into a command to execute an action in the BCI application (e.g., a wheelchair, the cursor on the screen, a spelling device or a game). These tools have the advantage of having real-time access to the ongoing brain activity of the individual, which can provide insight into the user’s emotional and attentional states by training a classification algorithm to recognize mental states. The success of BCI systems in contemporary neuroscientific research relies on the fact that they allow one to “think outside the lab”. The integration of technological solutions, artificial intelligence and cognitive science allowed and will allow researchers to envision more and more applications for the future. The clinical and everyday uses are described with the aim to invite readers to open their minds to imagine potential further developments.
    Keywords: consumer behavior ; electroencephalogram (EEG) biosensor ; attention and meditation ; brain computer interface ; Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) ; Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) ; artefact removal ; Individual Alpha Peak ; movement artefact ; Electroencephalography (EEG) ; classification ; emotion ; facial nerve paralysis ; LASSO ; MEG ; passive brain–computer interface (pBCI) ; EEG headsets ; daily life applications ; In-ear EEG ; echo state network (ESN) ; attention monitoring ; vigilance task ; brain-computer interface (BCI) ; electroencephalography (EEG) ; emotion recognition ; independent component analysis (ICA) ; regression ; stroke ; electroencephalogram (EEG) ; bispectrum ; multimodal fusion ; brain–computer interface (BCI) ; affective computing ; EEG-based emotion detection ; spiking neural network ; NeuCube ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Sport modalities are highly practiced in order to improve many aspects of human beings, including performance and health. The increasing interest in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of sport training is ascribable to the fact that several training systems and new methodologies are appearing in all sport modalities. These methodologies can have different effects on the organism depending on the degree of training.On the other hand, some of the main objectives in sport research are to describe match activity and to detect effective performance indicators. A better knowledge of players' performance adaptations and game dynamics during competition is extremely useful for optimizing the training process. The need to develop training methodologies according to actions occurring during the game is essential for each sport.
    Keywords: hormones ; LH ; testosterone ; cortisol ; insulin ; athletes ; body alignment ; static balance ; dynamic balance ; basketball ; mouthguard ; microalgae ; soccer ; ergogenic ; ventilatory threshold ; racket sports ; technique ; performance analysis ; tactics ; sport ; vision ; performance ; racquet sports ; professional sport ; game actions ; trace mineral ; runners ; overuse injury ; biomechanics ; home-based exercise ; sustainable development ; SWOT-AHP ; physical activities ; public health ; COVID-19 ; intelligent sports ; iliopsoas ; rectus femoris ; mobility ; flexibility ; tennis ; movement ; physical tests ; athletic performance ; youth sports ; females ; football ; NIRS ; muscle oxygen saturation ; workload ; physiological adaptations ; fatigue and sport performance ; technical indicators ; tactical indicators ; paddle tennis ; trail running ; jump ; neuromuscular ; hydration ; sport vision ; social media ; social network analysis ; Altmetric ; padel ; sports competition ; myokines ; BDNF ; leukemia inhibitory factor ; irisin ; n/a ; running ; economic factors ; sport events ; expertise ; inertial sensors ; kinematic analysis ; perception-action coupling ; visual fixation ; pedaling rate ; pedaling frequency ; fatigability ; EMG ; strength ; water sport ; endurance ; origin ; nationality ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: The health benefits of food, plants, fruits, and seaweeds stem from the biological activities of their constituents—namely, secondary metabolites. The study of secondary metabolites and their potential to treat and/or prevent a number of diseases has become a research topic of growing interest for biologists, pharmacists, and chemists. Notably, in order to propose a compound as a potential new drug with pharmacological effects, the chemical structure of this compound and its biological activity against a given target must be well established. The Special Issue, “Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites”, considers species beyond their nutritional value and identifies instances of wider and more efficient use, thereby contributing to a more sustainable management of natural resources. The fifteen articles published in this Special Issue reflect the latest research trends, and consider the isolation, identification, and assessment of the beneficial effects of secondary metabolites from both edible and inedible species. Thus, these contributions collectively demonstrate that these compounds, and their plants of origin, should be valued beyond their nutritional benefits.
    Keywords: coumarins ; Lycium ; metabolomic ; HPLC-MS ; orbitrap ; secondary metabolites ; endemic plants ; olive leaves ; supercritical fluid extraction ; antioxidants ; hyperuricemia ; plant-based functional food ; xanthine oxidase ; adenosine deaminase ; uric acid transporter ; bioactive compound ; Piper pseudoarboreum ; bioassay-guided fractionation ; leishmanicidal activity ; alkamides ; (E)-piplartine ; Wedelia chinensis ; organic farming ; phytotoxic substances ; vanillic acid ; gallic acid ; Origanum subspecies ; morphological traits ; glandular trichomes ; essential oil composition ; rosmarinic acid ; sensory evaluation ; colored potato tubers ; total phenols ; anthocyanins ; saccharides ; nutrition ; microelements ; plants ; fungi ; food supplements ; cardiovascular diseases ; neurodegenerative diseases ; Alzheimer’s disease ; metabolic syndrome ; apocarotenoid ; caffeic acid derivative ; flavonoid ; Lactuca sativa ; lignan ; megastigmane ; sesquiterpene lactone ; 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ; black chokeberry ; anthocyanin ; simulated moving bed ; antioxidant activity ; neuroprotection ; Artemisia ; clinical trials ; health effects ; adverse effects ; anticancer ; antiparasitic ; artemisinin ; santonin ; achillin ; tehranolide ; Aglaomorpha quercifolia ; GC-MS profile ; rhizome ; leaves ; n-hexane extract ; fatty acids ; terpenoids ; linolenic acid ; hop-16-ene ; cardiac glycosides ; secondary plant metabolites ; natural product isolation ; hyrcanoside ; deglucohyrcanoside ; ouabain ; cymarin ; digitoxin ; anticancer activity ; Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors ; corn salad ; leafy vegetables ; phytochemicals ; liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; celastrol ; Celastraceae ; antimicrobial activity ; mechanism of action ; Bacillus subtilis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Nephropathic cystinosis (MIM # 219800) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal cystine transporter cystinosin, encoded by the CTNS gene (17p13.2). This devastating condition initially affects kidneys and subsequently many other organs including eyes, thyroid, pancreas, muscles, and brain. While lysosomal cystine storage is a key feature of the disease and the main target of current therapy, recent groundbreaking research has revealed that cystinosin has diverse functions in cells, being involved in vesicle trafficking, energy homeostasis, and cell death mechanisms. These discoveries deepen our insights into the mechanisms of cystinosis and of lysosomal biology in general. In this Special Issue dedicated to the pioneer of cystinosis research Dr. Jerry Schneider, we highlight the state-of-the-art understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of various disease features, opening new horizons for innovative treatment strategies for cystinosis and potentially other lysosomal storage diseases.
    Keywords: cystinosis ; cysteamine ; bone ; osteoclast ; genotype ; CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ; gene therapy ; pre-clinical studies ; investigational new drug application ; clinical trial ; disulfiram ; mice ; zebrafish ; fertility ; azoospermia ; hypogonadism ; histopathology ; mouse model ; lysosomal storage disease ; cell and animal models ; infantile nephropathic cystinosis ; bone-muscle wasting ; fibroblast growth factor 23 ; osteoclasts ; sclerostin ; leptin ; fractures ; nephropathic cystinosis ; hollow fiber membrane ; 3-dimensional models ; autophagy ; macrophages ; inflammasome ; proximal tubular cells ; endocytosis ; apoptosis ; chitotriosidase ; interleukins ; galectin-3 ; novel therapies ; endolysosome ; epithelial cell differentiation ; homeostasis ; lysosomal storage diseases ; mitochondrial distress ; kidney proximal tubule ; programmed cell death ; central nervous system ; cortical atrophy ; arterial spin labelling ; cystine blood level ; lysosomal storage disorder ; history ; treatment strategies for cystinosis ; newborn screening ; clinical course ; CTNS-pathogenic variants ; newborn screening for cystinosis ; kidney progenitors ; cell model ; biomarkers ; cystine ; kidney ; therapeutic monitoring ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Although advances in therapeutic interventions improved outcomes, vascular occlusive diseases are still challenging not only afflicted but also attending physicians, requiring novel therapeutic strategies. Arteriogenesis, sometimes also called therapeutic angiogenesis, refers to the body’s own capacity to create a natural bypass around a narrowing or occluded arterial vessel. This book gives an insight into current knowledge and advances in vascular sciences and future prospects of therapeutic options. The utility and relevance of circulating biomarkers together with the potential of machine learning methods are discussed as well as the challenges and prospects of novel therapies such as protein- gene-, and stem cell therapy along with multicistronic multigene vectors and the use of microRNAs, exosomes, and secretomes. Vascular smooth muscle phenotype switch as a target to promote arteriogenesis is critically addressed, highlighting the problem of promoting atherosclerosis in parallel. Two articles even deal with cold-inducible RNA-binding protein CIRP/CIRPB presenting it as promising target to promote vascularization concomitant the reduction in ischemic tissue damage. BMPR kinase inhibition is introduced to improve tissue repair in a hereditary form of vascular disorder, and the role of the AP-1 transcription factor JunB in blood vessel formation is described. Some more experimental oriented articles deal with the relevance of choosing the appropriate mouse strain for investigations as well as in vitro Matrigel plug assay as a potent method to investigate angiogenesis. Last but not least, two-photon intravital microscopy is presented as suitable tool to assess plaque angiogenesis in atherosclerotic lesions.
    Keywords: angiogenesis ; vessel maturity ; vessel permeability ; hemorrhage ; atherosclerosis ; two-photon intravital microscopy ; transforming growth factor-β ; endoglin ; neovascularization ; tissue repair ; myocardial infarction ; hind limb ischemia ; critical limb ischemia ; arteriogenesis ; cell therapy ; secretomes ; AP-1 transcription factors ; JunB ; tip cell specification ; vascular development ; neurovascular interactions ; peripheral arterial disease ; biomarkers ; inflammation ; coagulation ; extracellular vesicles ; microRNAs ; machine learning ; gene therapy ; stem cells ; clinical trials ; bioengineering ; gene expression ; non-viral vectors ; 2A-peptides ; growth factors ; tube formation ; VEGF ; FGF2 ; cytokines ; animal model ; Matrigel plug assay ; cold-inducible RNA-binding protein ; extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein ; CIRP ; eCIRP ; neutrophil extracellular traps ; NETs ; macrophage polarization ; apoptosis ; ischemia ; vascular smooth muscle cell ; phenotypic switch ; collateral arteries ; C57BL/6J mice ; SV-129 mice ; leukocytes ; macrophages ; neutrophils ; C57BL6 ; 129S1/Sv ; CIRBP ; 14q32 microRNAs ; HUVECs ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The increased international transportation and trade over the last few decades have increased the risk of the introduction of pathogens into new areas. Global climate change has influenced environmental conditions and the ability of pathogens to survive, and has changed the habitats of certain vectors and hosts. These processes have led to the emergence or re-emergence of various pathogens in different parts of the world, including those affecting horses. This Special Issue features some aspects regarding several well recognized as well as some new and emerging equine viral pathogens, highlighting the need for updated epidemiological data. Such surveillance is crucial for proper decision making by clinicians and by regulatory authorities. Also demonstrated by the recent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the development of an effective infrastructure for the rapid and effective detection and control of novel viral pathogens, as well as re-emerging ones, is essential. Horses should play an important role in such surveillance systems, not only for equine pathogens but also as sentinels to other viruses and arboviruses. As was demonstrated in several examples in this Special Issue, it is important to remember, both as clinicians and as researchers, that when facing clinical cases, even when those are common, we should remain alert to the possibility of the intrusion of unknown pathogens and, therefore, should seek a definitive diagnosis. This may allow for the early detection of emerging or re-emerging pathogens.
    Keywords: equine coronavirus ; horse ; enteric disease ; ECoV ; seroprevalence ; equine ; viruses ; loop-mediated isothermal amplification ; insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction ; field-deployable ; point-of-care testing ; Huculs ; viral status ; immunological status ; equine viral diseases ; EHV-1 ; EHV-4 ; ELISA ; VNT ; Morocco ; equine parvoviruses ; equine parvovirus hepatitis ; equine parvovirus CSF ; equine copivirus ; nasal fluid ; blood ; qPCR ; sick equids ; healthy horses ; gammaherpesvirus ; horses ; respiratory disease ; equine herpesvirus 1, -2, -4, -5 ; equine influenza ; quantitative PCR ; equine encephalosis virus ; EEV ; epidemiology ; clinical disease ; control ; Culicoides ; SARS-CoV-2 ; nasal secretions ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    FedOA - Federico II University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-02-11
    Description: One of the main challenges in the healthcare sector in recent years has concerned the effort to ensure the healthcare sustainability in view of demographic change. Due to the progressive increasing of aging and chronic conditions, it is necessary to employ treatment methods with increasingly advanced and costly technological and care requirements that the Italian Health System has to deal with both from a health and economic standpoint. This critical issue also emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, proving the need to reconsider the management of chronic conditions, which is still too focused on a specialist and/or hospital perspective, to make it more suitable for responding to patients' care issues while respecting available economic resources. In this regard, Outcome Research is of great interest as a research area based on Real World Evidences (RWE). Indeed, analyses of evidence produced in a Real-World context can confirm or not the value of political decision-making to improve governance and the quality of health-services provided. The aim of this work is to provide a detailed snapshot of the prevalence of chronic diseases and related comorbidities in Campania Region. At the same time, it also aims to be an effective knowledge tool for decision-makers involved in the planning of health policies and strategies.
    Description: Published
    Description: Una delle sfide che ha maggiormente segnato il dibattito pubblico degli ultimi anni ha riguardato lo sforzo di salvaguardare la sostenibilità dell’assistenza sanitaria in relazione al cambiamento demografico. Il progressivo invecchiamento della popolazione, nonché la tendenziale cronicizzazione delle malattie, richiede l’impiego di metodiche di cura con requisiti tecnologici-assistenziali sempre più avanzati e costosi, che in Italia gravano e mettono in difficoltà, sia da un punto di vista sanitario sia economico, il Sistema Sanitario Nazionale. Tale criticità è emersa anche durante la pandemia da COVID-19, comprovando la necessità di ripensare al modello di gestione della cronicità, ancora troppo centrato su una prospettiva specialistica e/o ospedaliera, per renderlo più idoneo a rispondere alle problematiche assistenziali dei pazienti nel rispetto delle risorse economiche disponibili. A questo proposito, può risultare di grande interesse l’Outcome Research, intesa come area di ricerca che si avvale della Real World Evidence (RWE), poiché dalle analisi delle evidenze prodotte nel mondo reale è possibile confermare o meno la validità delle decisioni politiche attuate al fine di migliorare la governance e la qualità dei servizi erogati. Questo lavoro intende proporre una fotografia dettagliata della prevalenza delle patologie croniche, e delle relative comorbidità, in Regione Campania ma, nel contempo, vuole anche essere un efficace strumento di conoscenze a disposizione di quei decisori impegnati nella programmazione delle politiche e delle strategie sanitarie.
    Keywords: Chronic conditions, Comorbidity, RWE, Multimorbidity clusters ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: Italian
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The landscape of minimally invasive urological intervention is changing. A lot of new innovations and technological developments have happened over the last 3 decades. Laparoscopy and robotic surgery have revolutionised kidney and prostate cancer treatment, with more minimally invasive procedures now being carried out than ever before. At the same time, technological advancements and the use of laser have changed the face of endourology. Several new innovative treatments are now commonplace for benign prostate enlargement (BPE). Management of prostate cancer now involves procedures such as robotic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy and HIFU. Robotic partial nephrectomy and cryotherapy have changed the face of renal cancer. En-bloc resection of bladder cancer is challenging the traditional management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and becoming commonplace, while robotic cystectomy is also gaining popularity for muscle invasive bladder cancer. Newer surgical intervention related to BPE includes laser (holmium, thulium and green light), water-based treatment (Rezum, Aquablation) and other minimally invasive procedures such as prostate artery embolisation (PAE) and Urolift. Endourological procedures have incorporated newer laser types and settings such as moses technology, disposable ureteroscopes (URS) and minimisation of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) instruments. All these technological innovations and improvements have led to shorter hospital stay, reduced cost, potential reduction in complications and improvement in the quality of life (QoL).
    Keywords: partial nephrectomy ; single site surgery ; sutureless ; CEUS ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; renal ultrasound ; image quality ; small renal mass (3–5) ; kidney stones ; metabolic syndrome ; urolithiasis ; nephrolithiasis ; kidney calculi ; diabetes mellitus ; acute kidney injury ; percutaneous nephrolithotomy ; urology ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; urinary incontinence ; kidney stone disease ; fertility ; reproductive urology ; renal cell carcinoma ; hydronephrosis ; urinary reflux ; endourology ; pediatric urology ; prostate cancer ; bladder cancer ; nephrostomy ; quality of life ; survival ; decision making ; ureteroscopy ; laser ; RIRS ; Moses ; holmium ; mineral water ; mineral composition ; drinking water ; still water ; sparkling water ; Ho:YAG laser ; thulium fiber laser ; laser fiber ; lithotripsy ; chronic prostatitis ; chronic pelvic pain syndrome ; extracorporeal shockwave therapy ; ESWT ; NIH-CPSI ; EHS ; IIEF-5 ; QoL ; urosepsis ; laser lithotripsy ; predictor factors ; PCNL ; renal tumour ; AI ; TFL ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MN Surgery
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | The Palgrave Handbook of Twentieth and Twenty-First Century Literature and Science
    Publication Date: 2022-06-10
    Description: This essay reads Max Ritvo’s poetry through a chronology of precision biomedicine: imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. Ritvo’s construction of a patient-consumer avatar in his poetry reflects his position at a biomedical frontier, while poetic form becomes a way of retrieving bodies from a logic of substitution and surrogacy.
    Keywords: chronology; precision; biomedicine; biomedical ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue is to collect valuable contributions from scientists worldwide working on the role that biological, behavioral, and cognitive markers can have in predicting the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. We were able to collect 13 original articles and two reviews on this topic. The results published in this Special Issue could provide significant support in pre-clinical phases for the identification of vulnerability factors, to better understand the course of the illness, and to predict its outcome, as well as aiding clinicians in the therapeutic decision-making process.
    Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) ; childhood apraxia of speech ; children ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ; neuroanatomy ; FreeSurfer ; affective disorder ; perinatal period ; fatherhood ; prevention ; gender ; screening ; TMAU ; psychiatric disorders ; microbiota ; Attentional Boost Effect ; bipolar disorder ; euthymic patients ; recognition memory ; genetic variants ; criminal behaviour ; frequency data ; gambling disorder ; attachment ; adolescence ; friend and family interview ; forgetting ; neurotransmitter system ; psychopathologies ; mentalization ; self-report measure ; multilevel model ; integration ; assessment ; COVID-19 ; young adults ; social isolation ; psychological distress ; emotional eating ; emotional dysregulation ; depression ; nomogram ; patient health questionnaire ; multiple risk factors ; epidemiological survey ; high-risk group ; affective temperaments ; depressive disorders ; bipolar disorders ; youth ; heart rate variability ; polyvagal theory ; neurovisceral integration model ; emotional regulation ; psychopathology ; prefrontal functions ; exercise addiction ; alexithymia ; body image ; self-esteem ; COVID-19 vaccine ; vaccine acceptance ; vaccine intention ; aging ; cerebellum ; classification ; cognitive decline ; diadochokinesia ; motor control ; sensory motor performance ; time perception ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: « Il fallait bien y passer », telle est la phrase qui conclut l'évocation douloureuse des opérations chirurgicales que subirent naguère des générations d'enfants. Vers le début du XXe siècle, en quelques années, les amygdales, les végétations, l'appendice sont devenus des organes non seulement inutiles mais dangereux pour la croissance. Leur ablation se donne pour fin de débrider le corps et l'esprit enfantins. Et sur ce point mères et médecins se sont, pendant un long demi-siècle, accordés. La raison médicale de ces ablations systématiques n'a pas résisté à la critique scientifique sans qu'elles disparaissent pour autant. Ce qui reste parfois le « gagne-pain » de certains chirurgiens ne peut donc s'appuyer que sur une raison culturelle capable de justifier ces interventions. Suivant cette piste en anthropologue, Véronique Moulinié découvre qu'une série constamment enrichie d'opérations marque, de nos jours, les césures de l'âge. On opère moins les enfants mais on arrache les dents de sagesse, on sectionne, parfois systématiquement, le périnée des accouchées et, surtout, les ablations de l'utérus et de la prostate sont communément attendues et interprétées comme marques d'entrée dans la vieillesse. Quels principes organisent cette séquence chirurgicale ? Quelle efficacité la justifie ? Pour répondre à ces questions, Véronique Moulinié s'est mise patiemment à l'écoute d'un discours sur les temps de la vie qui, de nos jours, prend souvent la forme d'un savoir partagé sur les âges critiques du corps. Dans le milieu paysan et ouvrier aquitain où s'est déroulée son enquête, la chirurgie des âges est venue s'inscrire dans le schéma des rythmes de la physiologie, elle a contribué à le maintenir tout en le renouvelant. Mais ce savoir complexe reste l'apanage des femmes. Il leur permet tout autant de produire la différence entre filles et garçons que de lire selon une périodicité féminine la physiologie de leurs époux muets quant aux secrets du corps.
    Keywords: histoire ; chirurgie ; histoire de la médecine ; différenciation sexuelle ; opération chirurgicale ; anthropologie ; ages de la vie ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
    Language: French
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) offers important challenges to understanding its complex genetics and molecular and immunological mechanisms, which eventually lead to relapsing and progressive clinical forms and a constellation of clinical manifestations. Along with the progress in knowledge, disease-modifying treatments and new therapeutic molecules have made an impact on the prognosis of the disease. Essential in the diagnostic identification process of MS is the differentiation of this major demyelinating disease with other inflammatory CNS disorders, including Neuromyelitis Optica and MOG antibody disease. MS is more prevalent in women; therefore, pregnancy and post-partum hormonal and immunological changes typically affect the clinical behavior of the disease. This Special Issue of Biomedicines addresses recent advances in the mechanistic genetic and immunological processes of MS, opening more options to future studies and to the consideration of further therapeutic possibilities. The issue discusses the application of modern therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, some still in the process of complete development, and the current strategies managing progressive MS. The aim of this issue is to stimulate basic and clinical research and promote observations on the ever-expanding and complex field of MS. Advancement in the understanding of the mechanisms and the clinical characterizations of this disease should result in improved therapeutic outcomes that reduce neurological and cognitive disability commonly associated with progressive disease.
    Keywords: multiple sclerosis ; genetics ; disease modifying therapies ; generic medicines ; association study ; reactive oxygen species ; NADPH oxidase ; CYBB ; autoimmunity ; axon ; cortex ; demyelination ; mitochondria ; myelin ; neurodegeneration ; oligodendrocyte ; progressive multiple sclerosis ; daclizumab ; relapsing multiple sclerosis ; CD25 ; innate immune system ; interleukin-2 ; drug reaction with eosinophilia systemic symptoms ; DRESS ; monoclonal antibodies ; anti-CD20 ; Ocrevus ; Rituxan ; Tysabri ; clinical trial ; disease modifying therapy ; demyelinating diseases ; cognitive impairment ; cognitive dysfunction ; stem cells ; autologous hematopoietic ; mesenchymal ; neuronal ; induced pluripotent ; human embryonic ; pregnancy ; post-partum ; treatment ; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders ; anti-MOG syndrome ; aquaporin 4-IgG ; myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ; remyelination ; outcome measures ; biomarkers ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a very common median nerve compression neuropathy at wrist level. It causes unplesant symptoms to patient as well as a financial burden for society. Conservative treatment helps with mild and transient symptoms, but often this syndrome requires surgical treatment. Surgical decompression of the median nerve is one of the most common surgical operations. If the symptom persists for a long time and treatment is delayed, this can result in a lack of sensation in the median area in addition to thenar atrophy and weakness of the thumb opposition. There are many impressive things behind CTS that we do not know yet; anatomical causes, links to other diseases and medication, occupational exposures and predisposing lifestyle risk factors. Diagnostics and differential diagnostics of CTS have their own challenges. Conservative treatment practices of CTS are diverse and unambiguous best practice is not clear. Clinical symptoms, electromyography (EMG) finding, and possible differential diagnostic challenges should be considered when deciding on surgery. Surgical treatment varies somewhat from hospital to hospital and from country to country. When the CTS diagnosis and treatment is done too late for nerves to recover or there is perioperative complication, some late reconstructive surgeries might be needed. These nerve surgery techniques can be done by experienced hand surgeons. The quality of care, complications, and cost effectiveness of different methods require further research. This Special Issue will present the latest research on this interesting and clinically significant syndrome.
    Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome ; support vector machine ; machine learning ; tablet app ; screening ; manual dexterity ; drawing ; nerve ; pain ; mobility ; ESWT ; corticosteroid ; gabapentin ; Kinesio taping ; orthoses ; platelet-rich plasma ; neurodynamic techniques ; ultrasound ; splint ; entrapment neuropathy ; conditioned pain modulation ; temporal summation ; pain measurement ; pressure pain threshold ; central sensitization ; central sensitization inventory ; neuropathy ; revision carpal tunnel release ; neurolysis ; body mass index ; waist circumference ; waist-to-hip ratio ; obesity ; median nerve ; diabetic neuropathy ; diabetes ; nerve conduction study ; electrophysiological severity classification ; electrodiagnosis ; X-rays ; ultrasonography ; diabetes mellitus ; peripheral nerve ultrasound ; carpal tunnel release ; wide-awake anesthesia ; local anesthesia ; WALANT ; nerve compression ; carpal tunnel surgery ; ulnar nerve entrapment ; cubital tunnel syndrome ; psychotropic drugs ; psychological health ; socioeconomical factors ; national quality register ; median neuropathy ; median nerve entrapment ; neuralgic amyotrophy ; pronator syndrome ; trends ; Japan ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still associated with high morbidity and mortality incidence rates, and also bears an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease in the sequel. Whereas the kidney has a remarkable capacity for regeneration after injury and may recover completely depending on the type of renal lesions, the options for clinical intervention are restricted to fluid management and extracorporeal kidney support. The development of novel therapies to prevent AKI, to improve renal regeneration capacity after AKI, and to preserve renal function—in both the short- and long-term—is urgently needed. This Special Issue includes papers investigating the pathological mechanisms of renal inflammation and AKI and diagnostics using new biomarkers. Furthermore, experimental in vitro and in vivo studies examining potential new approaches to attenuate kidney dysfunction are included, as well as review articles.
    Keywords: inflammation ; chronic kidney disease ; anemia ; anemia of inflammation ; ESA hyporesponsiveness ; renal tubular epithelial cells ; macrophages ; lipocalin-2 ; iron ; cilastatin ; hypoxia inducible factor-1-α ; ischemia-reperfusion injury ; acute kidney injury ; cyclophilin A ; fibrosis ; renal fibrosis ; tubular necrosis ; preeclampsia ; podocytes ; VEGF ; FSGS ; proteinuria ; endocan ; ESM-1 ; renal replacement therapy ; kidney transplantation ; biomarker ; diabetic nephropathy ; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ; innate immunity ; membranous nephropathy ; minimal change diseases ; TLR ; NOX1 ; ML171 ; reactive oxygen species ; ERK ; T cells ; glomerulonephritis ; chemokines ; renal disease ; DJ-1 ; ND-13 ; renal inflammation ; oxidative stress ; UUO ; autophagy ; apoptosis ; trehalose ; simvastatin ; endotoxin ; tubular apoptosis ; cytochrome C ; Bcl-XL ; survivin ; hypercholesterolemia ; xanthine oxidase ; NF-κB pathway ; tertiary lymphoid organs ; B cells ; BAFF ; kidney fibrosis ; myofibroblast activation ; extracellular matrix ; Hippo pathway ; verteporfin ; IgAN ; CKD ; progression ; ACEI ; corticosteroids ; costimulation ; coinhibition ; kidney transplant ; SPR ; protein binding affinity ; adaptive immunity ; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ; E. cava extracts ; dieckol ; spontaneously hypertensive rats ; angiotensin II ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Non-canonical Kinases and Substrates in Cancer Progression" that was published in the scientific journal Cancers. It was edited by Francisco M. Vega, Ph.D. from the University of Seville in Spain. It brings together the latest views and original research on non-canonical protein kinases, substrates, and scaffolds
    Keywords: protein ; structure ; and ; regulation ; scaffolding ; complex ; formation ; cellular ; signalling ; non-canonical ; substrates ; inhibition ; targeting ; biological ; function ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This Special Issue of Metabolites, entitled “Islet Biology and Metabolism” is dedicated to islet research and the impact of islet function in metabolic health and disease. Specific topics include, but are not limited to, islet hormone processing and secretion, islet transplant research, novel proteins of the insulin secretory pathway, as well as islet drug targets for the management of T1D and T2D.
    Keywords: insulin secretory granule ; beta-cells ; granule protein purification ; free fatty acid receptor (FFA) 2 ; FFA3 ; gut microbiome ; incretin ; insulin secretion ; short-chain fatty acids ; type 1 diabetes ; cytosolic calcium concentration ; glucose ; metabolic amplification ; mitochondria ; nutrient secretagogues ; diabetes ; hypoglycemic unaware ; ischaemia ; islet cell transplantation ; organ donation ; pancreas ; insulin ; beta cell ; human ; islet ; polarisation ; machine learning ; deep learning ; cell segmentation ; automation ; pancreatic islets ; leptin ; exocytosis ; tissue-engineering ; in vivo imaging ; metabolism ; β-cell ; viral transduction ; transplantation ; amplifying pathway ; hyperglycemia ; adenylyl cyclase ; incretins ; glucokinase ; forskolin ; cAMP ; exenatide ; islets ; bioenergetics ; glucose-stimulated insulin secretion ; respiration ; advanced glycation end products ; alagebrium chloride ; cross-link breaker ; immunopeptidome ; MIN6N8 cell line ; NOD mouse ; autoimmune diabetes ; pancreatic beta-cells ; intrauterine growth restriction ; maternal obesity ; developmental programming ; islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) ; granin ; secretory pathway ; trans-Golgi network (TGN) ; granule ; pancreatic β-cell ; amino acid ; aminoaciduria ; diabetes incidence ; insulitis ; neutral amino acid transporter ; non-obese diabetic mouse ; pancreatic islet ; Slc6a19 deficiency ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book presents some of the latest available information on automated ECG analysis written by many of the leading researchers in the field. It contains a historical introduction, an outline of the latest international standards for signal processing and communications and then an exciting variety of studies on electrophysiological modelling, ECG Imaging, artificial intelligence applied to resting and ambulatory ECGs, body surface mapping, big data in ECG based prediction, enhanced reliability of patient monitoring, and atrial abnormalities on the ECG. It provides an extremely valuable contribution to the field.
    Keywords: electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) ; heart failure (HF) ; cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) ; ultrasound ; strain ; speckle tracking echocardiography ; in silico ; electrophysiology ; electrocardiogram ; ECG ; cardiac disease ; arrhythmia ; ischemia ; standardization ; computerized ECG ; personalized medicine ; telemedicine ; digital ECG data interchange protocol ; eHealth ; ECG equipment ; computerized electrocardiograph ; ECG analysis algorithms ; computerized ECG interpretation ; interatrial block ; partial interatrial block ; advanced interatrial block ; atypical patterns ; electrocardiogram (ECG) ; automated ECG analysis ; CSE study ; age ; sex ; race ; historical aspects ; electronic cohort ; mortality ; big data ; telehealth ; alarm fatigue ; annotation of ECG data ; arrhythmia alarms ; intensive care unit ; patient monitoring ; ambulatory ECG ; machine learning ; deep learning ; pattern recognition ; noise reduction ; Holter ECG ; ECG interpretation ; artificial intelligence ; body surface mapping ; electrocardiographic imaging ; image processing ; clinical applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Immunotherapy in multiple myeloma, first investigated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation, is now a major pillar in the treatment of multiple myeloma. CAR-T-cell technology, monoclonal or bispecific antibodies, as well as new forms of cellular therapy, have revolutionized the treatment of this hematological malignancy.
    Keywords: multiple myeloma ; immunotherapy ; daratumumab ; BCMA ; bi-specific T cell engagers ; chimeric antigen receptor ; relapse ; cytokine-release syndrome ; allogeneic transplantation ; myeloablative ; non-myeloablative ; new drugs ; CAR T ; antibodies ; monoclonal ; bispecific ; immunoconjugates ; antibody-drug conjugates ; myeloma ; NK cells ; immunomodulation ; cell therapy ; graft-versus-myeloma ; donor lymphocyte infusion ; allogeneic stem cell transplantation ; prophylaxis ; salvage ; CAR T-cells ; target antigen ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Oligonucleotides (ON) constitute a new group of molecular agents, the object of significant interest due to their potential value as drugs for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Their special interest derives from the intrinsic characteristics of ONs: a) ONs are informative agents, a property that derives from the order in which the nucleotides of each particular ON are arranged; b) ONs can act as ligands (ASO, TFO, aptamers, G-quadruplex, etc.) of complementary nucleic acid sequences (DNA or RNA) due to their high capacity to hybridize (by means of Watson and Crick or Hoogsteen links) with other nucleotide sequences, resulting in specific gene modulatory effects. However, nonspecific sequences may also be of interest, as is the case with repetitive nucleotide sequences (CpG) with adjuvant effects of vaccines; c) ONs can also rapidly evolve to achieve specific advantages of utility (targeting, stability, efficacy, toxicity, etc.) or high-sensitivity diagnostic technology (markers, analyzes, biosensors, FISH, microarrays, etc.), by chemical modification of nucleotides in any of their atoms. These properties show that ONs are first-order molecules due to their potential usefulness in practice.In this collection of research articles and review papers, we aim to highlight their therapeutic, but also diagnostic and technological utility as drugs.
    Keywords: quantum dots (QDs) ; DNAzyme ; ROS ; Amplex Red ; light-induced activity ; DNA methylation ; histone code ; microRNA ; nanoparticles ; noncoding RNA ; pulmonary arterial hypertension ; aptamer ; aptasensor ; influenza ; SERS ; virus detection ; α-synuclein ; antisense oligonucleotide ; dopamine neurotransmission ; double mutant A30P*A53T* ; motor deficits ; Parkinson’s disease ; transgenic mouse model ; G-quadruplexes ; covalent dimer construct ; anti-proliferative activity ; primary cell culture of human glioma ; antisensense oligonucleotide ; Foxp3 ; regulatory T cells ; vaccine immunogenicity ; Sporothrix schenckii ; Marfan syndrome ; fibrillin-1 ; antisense oligonucleotides ; exon skipping ; splice-switching ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This book collects some recent scientific data on the role of polyphenols in various pathological contexts, ranging from viral infection to metabolic or chronic disorders such as diabetes and renal fibrosis. The included studies showed both in vitro and in vivo evidence concerning positive effects of polyphenols in inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. The investigated molecules include: verbascoside from Olea europea, curcumin from Curcuma longa, phenolic acids from Antirhea borbonica, and phlorotannins from marine algae. Finally, the main flavonoids present in the human diet and their anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer roles were also discussed. The scientific data confirm the importance of the plant kingdom, both marine and terrestrial, in the search for new compounds with potential benefits for humans.
    Keywords: flavonoids ; inflammation ; p53 ; cancer prevention ; Nrf2 pathway ; anti-oxidant ; verbascoside ; polyphenols ; insulin-producing cells ; diabetes ; UPR ; oxidative stress ; ER-stress ; PERK ; anti-inflammatory ; mitochondria ; antioxidants ; marine algae ; anti-viral activity ; mechanism of action ; Antirhea borbonica ; kidney fibrosis ; caffeic acid ; antioxidant enzymes ; DESI-imaging ; curcumin ; glioblastoma cells ; radiation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This Special Issue highlights the most recent research on depression, anxiety and dementia, with attention to comorbidity in a range of diseases. The symptoms of depression, anxiety and dementia are the most common comorbid manifestations present in patients suffering from neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Together, these illnesses constitute an extremely complex and challenging research field due to their inherent multifactorial causative factors, heterogeneous pathogenesis, and mental and behavioral manifestations. This Special Issue covers laboratory, clinical and statistical studies on the crosstalk between depression, anxiety, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, diabetes mellitus, Down’s syndrome, and/or compulsive disorders. It contains contributions from 71 authors, has been reviewed by 25 referees, and edited by three academic editors and one managing editor.
    Keywords: dementia ; behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; animal-assisted intervention ; pet-robot intervention ; G protein-coupled receptors ; GPR120 ; FFAR4 ; schizophrenia ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; long-chain fatty acids ; omega-3 ; nutritional psychiatry ; Alzheimer’s disease ; psychiatric disease ; depression ; anxiety ; Down’s syndrome ; inositol ; nutraceutical ; insulin signaling ; antioxidant ; aging ; psilocybin ; clinical trials ; oxidative stress ; redox ; multiple sclerosis ; biomarker ; neurodegenerative disease ; personalized medicine ; major depressive disorder ; longitudinal study ; LC-MS/MS ; plasma protein biomarker ; drug response monitoring ; multiple reaction monitoring ; diabetes mellitus ; type 2 ; dyslipidemias ; hypertension ; post-stroke depression ; disability level ; mortality ; late-life depression ; neuroimaging ; resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging ; default mode network ; executive control network ; salience network ; healthy life expectancy (HALE) ; morbidity/mortality paradox ; cognition ; systolic blood pressure ; cerebral blood flow ; arterial properties ; angiogenesis ; gender medicine ; neurodegenerative disorders ; kisspeptin ; locomotion ; Kiss1 receptor ; HPA axis ; HPG axis ; nucleus accumbens ; stroke ; lipid ; diabetes ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Nowadays, assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a pivotal role not only in achieving fertilization in subfertile animals, but they are also involved in the management of the herd, decreasing disease spread and even allowing offspring sex selection. Nonetheless, there are differences between species or even within species that have led researchers worldwide to focus on those differences in order to bypass these specific difficulties. This Special Issue, titled “The Era of Assisted Reproductive Technologies Tailored to the Specific Necessities of Species, Industry and Case Reports” and published in Animals, is composed of 12 original manuscripts and three reviews that offer an overview of current and future ARTs used to improve reproductive outcomes, mainly focused on farm animals, such as horse, pig, bovine, rabbit and ovine species. Thus, the Special Issue covers information from the classical point of view, including comparative studies of different semen extenders, to the most advanced technologies of sperm selection by thermotaxis or chemoattractants, as well as the improvement of sperm features by red light irradiation. The female and embryo contributions to ART outcomes are also covered, for instance, with a study that improves our knowledge by the metabolomic description of follicular fluid composition or the description of better culture conditions of oocytes. In brief, this Special Issue provides a balanced overview of emerging techniques and technologies used to preserve, improve, rescue or even create fertility for domestic farm animals with high economic impact.
    Keywords: IVM ; oocytes ; equine ; metabolomic ; embryo transfer ; reproductive fluids ; pregnancy ; vitrification ; calving ; selection programme ; embryo vitrification ; Gompertz growth curve ; biobanking ; reproductive performance ; stallion sperm ; capacitation ; penicillamine ; thermotaxis ; selection ; BMP15 ; ram ; semen ; semen freezing ; semen extender ; stallions ; semen quality ; fertilizing ability ; Tris ; boar spermatozoa ; perfluorinated compounds ; PFHxS ; PFOS ; spermatozoa toxicology ; glucocorticoid receptor ; gene expression ; RT-qPCR ; seminal plasma ; female genital tract ; rabbit ; spermatozoa ; oocyte ; in vitro fertilization ; extracellular vesicles ; assisted reproductive technologies ; embryo ; oocyte competence ; livestock production ; assisted reproductive technology ; embryo development ; micromanipulation ; in vitro production ; nanoparticles ; liposomes ; exosomes ; cryopreservation ; sheep ; ovary storage ; transport ; in vitro embryo production ; sperm selection ; chemotaxis ; IVF ; IVC ; porcine ; cryopreserved sperm ; sperm–oviduct interaction ; ARTs ; equines ; horse ; sperm ; red light irradiation ; extender ; straw ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Unhealthy food intake and insufficient physical activities are related to obesity or lifestyle diseases, which can cause cardiovascular diseases, ultimately leading to death. However, many people are not aware of the importance of these factors, especially before cardiovascular development, although there are several good food habits that can be adopted. After the development of obesity or lifestyle diseases, nutrition and exercise control with appropriate medical therapies are required. Still, many patients do not recognize the importance of these habits. After cardiovascular disease development, nutrition and exercise with optimal medical and/or interventional therapies are required. However, some patients are not able to control their food intake and physical activities. At the advanced stage of heart failure, many things are restricted, including food intake and quality of life issues. At the end of life, nutritional care should be discussed. This book, Nutrition, Exercise, and End-of-Life Discussion in the Cardiovascular Field, addresses the importance of nutrition control before and after cardiovascular disease development, which consists of 14 peer-reviewed papers that cover the general population and patients with end-stage cardiovascular diseases.
    Keywords: milk intake ; mortality ; stroke ; Bayesian survival anlysis ; time-to-event data ; JACC study ; unhealthy eating habits ; accumulation ; obesity ; central obesity ; general Japanese population ; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; eicosapentaenoic acid ; docosahexaenoic acid ; arachidonic acid ; descriptive study ; heart failure ; vitamin D ; big data ; heart failure with preserved ejection fraction ; geriatric nutritional risk index ; behavioral modification stages ; nutrition counseling ; patient education ; acute coronary syndrome ; healthy behaviors ; diet ; legumes ; fish ; red/processed meat ; physical activity ; anxiety ; depression ; season ; calorie intake ; hospitalization ; malnutrition ; D-dimer ; intervention ; elderly ; cardiovascular mortality ; selenium ; coenzyme Q10 ; acylcarnitine ; brain natriuretic peptide ; cardiac function ; cardiomyopathy ; carnitine deficiency ; CPT2 ; end-stage kidney disease ; free fatty acid ; hemodialysis ; continuous glucose monitoring ; glucose fluctuation ; intracranial artery stenosis ; mean amplitude of glycemic excursions ; standard deviation ; palliative care ; end-of-life care discussion ; advance care planning ; food intake ; artificial nutrition ; onco-cardiology ; nutrition status ; cancer ; acute myocardial infarction ; plant-based dietary patterns ; grains ; nuts ; fruits ; vegetables ; cardiovascular disease ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: Folding and misfolding of proteins are considered two sides of the same coin. The delicate equilibrium existing between these two processes is crucial for any living organism and its alterations can lead to the onset of several tremendous diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The attainment of a profound knowledge of folding/misfolding processes is a key step to understand how life works and for discovering new therapies to these diseases. In this work the author shows that proteins can display enzymatic activity even in the absence of a compact three-dimensional structure, with important implications for the study of protein enzymes. Furthermore, the author investigates the formation of protein aggregates similar to those observed in patients of amyloid-related diseases.
    Keywords: Medicina ; Biologia ; Chimica ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has spread worldwide from the beginning of 2020. The infection is mostly asymptomatic but some patients may develop COVID‑19 (coronavirus disease 2019) with a severe or critical course leading to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. Apart from the virus‑related damage of the lungs, pathomechanism of the disease seems to be linked to thromboembolism and inflammation accompanied by overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, termed a cytokine storm, responsible for multiorgan damage and death. Since the development of a new therapeutic molecule, dedicated strictly to a particular virus is time‑consuming, physicians and scientists have started to test and repurpose old medications. Unfortunately, after one year of pandemics, there is still a lack of optimal therapy and no clear indicators of recovery. A major issue is also insufficient knowledge on predictors of the severe or deadly course of the disease, which could also help to switch from one therapeutic option to another. Due to many gaps still existing in the management of COVID-19, there is a need for the accumulation of new data particularly from real-world experience, which could be applicable to practice guidelines. The objective of this special issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine is to provide an update on the mangement for the diagnostic workup and pharmacotherapy of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; interleukin-6 ; tocilizumab ; therapy ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; cytokines ; severity ; prognosis ; mortality ; kidney failure ; rapid diagnostic test ; antigen detection ; Cytomegalovirus ; co-infections ; critical care ; liver markers ; inflammation ; morbidity ; personalized medicine ; liver functional tests ; COVID-19 pneumonia ; meta-analysis ; trial sequential analysis ; children ; clinical presentation ; coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ; epidemiology ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ; clinical outcome ; symptomatology ; pandemic ; angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R) ; AT1R concentration ; angiotensin II ; symptoms’ severity ; diagnosis ; artificial intelligence ; medical imaging ; systematic umbrella review ; methodological credibility ; PCR test ; COVID-19 diagnosis ; Charlson Comorbidities Index ; cluster analysis ; longitudinal cluster ; individualized management ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Vision is the most important sense in higher mammals. The retina is the first step in visual processing and the window to the brain. It is not surprising that problems arising in the retina lead to moderate to severe visual impairments. We offer here a collection of reviews as well as original papers dealing with various aspects of retinal function as well as dysfunction. New approaches in retinal research are described, such as the expression and localization of the endocannabinoid system in the normal retina and the role of cannabinoid receptors that could offer new avenues of research in the development of potential treatments for retinal diseases. Moreover, new insights are offered in advancing knowledge towards the prevention and cure of visual pathologies, mainly AMD, RP, and diabetic retinopathy.
    Keywords: eye ; retina ; development ; vascularization ; hypoxia ; autophagy ; programmed cell death ; cellular senescence ; retinogenesis ; altricial bird species ; precocial bird species ; senescence-associated galactosidase activity ; diabetes mellitus ; retinopathy ; microvascular ; complication ; optical coherence tomography ; angiography ; black ; African-American ; systemic disease ; biomarker ; retinal degenerative diseases ; mesenchymal stem cells ; stem cell therapy ; experimental models ; clinical trials ; AMD ; age-related macular degeneration ; trichostatin A (TSA) ; HDAC ; histone deacetylase ; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ; retinal degeneration ; endoplasmic reticulum ; stress response ; unfolded protein response ; GRP78 ; retinal glial cell ; diabetic retinopathy ; zebrafish ; neurovascular unit ; microvascular complications and dysfunction ; metabolism ; motor protein ; myosin 1C ; photoreceptor ; rhodopsin ; outer segments ; visual function ; macroglia ; astrocytes ; Müller cells ; optic nerve crush ; retinal ganglion cells ; spinal cord injury ; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 ; epidermal growth factor ; Drp1 ; apoptosis ; mitochondria ; microglia ; neurodegeneration ; multiple sclerosis ; retinal microglia ; microglia morphotype ; light damage ; functional analysis ; early detection ; remodeling ; lactate ; GPR81 ; HCAR1 ; growth cone ; dLGN ; axon ; 3,5-DHBA ; kallikrein-kinin system ; kinin receptors ; GFAP ; osteopontin ; retinal detachment ; diabetes ; antioxidants ; bioenergetics ; respiration ; ATP ; glucagon-like peptide-1 ; exendin-4 ; catalase ; immunohistochemistry ; electron microscopy ; Charles Bonnet syndrome ; EEG ; visual hallucination ; resting state ; high-fat diet ; gut microbiome ; gut-retina axis ; RNA sequencing ; germ-free mice ; complement cascade ; angiogenesis ; retinal inflammation ; AII amacrine cell ; Prox1 ; parvalbumin ; gap junction ; eccentricity ; ON/OFF asymmetry ; arterioles ; betulinic acid ; ischemia-reperfusion injury ; reactive oxygen species ; retinal vessels ; retinal fluorescence imaging ; amyloid ; cognitive decline ; Alzheimer’s disease ; optic neuritis ; oxidative stress ; neuroprotection ; fingolimod ; iPSC-RPE ; retinal pigment epithelium ; immunodeficient RCS rat ; ultrathin parylene ; retinal transplantation ; CD4+CD25+ ; inflammation ; iPSC ; typical cannabinoid receptors ; atypical cannabinoid receptors ; electroretinography ; monkeys ; visual system ; eye inflammation ; lipopolysaccharide ; natural bioactive extracts ; Ac2-26 ; FPR receptor ; inflammatory mediators ; retinal light injury ; LED screen ; optical filter ; retinal protection ; regeneration ; progenitor cell ; hyperglycemia ; photoreceptors ; neurod ; Notch ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 83
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Chronic liver diseases develop from a wide range of causes, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcoholic-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver diseases. Recent advances in molecular and cellular techniques have succeeded in providing new aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver diseases. This book includes the state-of-the-art researches on chronic liver diseases.
    Keywords: hepatic steatosis ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; HBs antigen ; sequential therapy ; bile duct cancer ; cholangioscope ; genetic mutation ; tumor spread ; biopsy ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; WFA±M2BP ; AFP ; chronic hepatitis C ; direct-acting antivirals ; autotaxin ; hepatitis C virus ; sustained viral response ; Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2 binding protein ; let-7 family ; miRNA ; biomarker ; HBV ; HCV ; HIV ; acute liver failure ; nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases ; NASH ; GRP78 ; liver fibrosis ; hepatic stellate cells ; TGF-β ; JNK signaling pathway ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders
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  • 84
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Antimicrobial resistance is a global One Health topic that affects us all, whether we are working in human or veterinary medicine. Although antibiotic use in farm animals is decreasing in many countries, other nations are still using these essential medical resources as growth promoters to boost economic gains. As veterinarians responsible for animal welfare, it is vital that we are permitted to treat sick animals effectively, but we must learn to be more prudent in our use of these drugs. It is essential that we, as responsible clinicians, policy makers, and researchers, develop methods of quantifying, monitoring, benchmarking, and reporting antibiotic use in both farm and companion animals, so that antimicrobial stewardship schemes can be implemented and their successes or failures analyzed. This Special Issue includes research on antibiotic use and resistance in a variety of animal species, covering cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, and pets. The relationship between antimicrobial use and resistance in animals is investigated on a global scale, with authors from Austria, Australia, Brazil, Germany, Italy, India, the Netherlands, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom.
    Keywords: Escherichia coli ; antimicrobial resistance ; swine ; weaned piglet ; antibiotic growth promoters ; antibiotic ; antibiotic resistance ; livestock ; antibiotic use ; AMR ; MDR ; environment ; antimicrobial usage ; bovine ; India ; KAP survey ; veterinarians ; antimicrobial use ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; Timor-Leste ; antimicrobial ; veterinary ; prudent use ; critically important antimicrobials ; growth promotion ; poultry ; sheep ; beef cattle ; normalised resistance interpretation ; antimicrobial susceptibility testing ; tetracyclines ; farms ; turkeys ; farm ; antimicrobial resistance genes ; biosecurity ; risk factor ; metagenomics ; qPCR ; isolates ; neonatal calf diarrhea ; survey ; antibiotics ; HPCIA ; urinary tract infection ; Flexicult Vet ; pathogen identification ; dogs ; cats ; veterinary microbiology ; bovine respiratory disease ; multidrug-resistance ; Pasteurella multocida ; Mannheimia haemolytica ; Truperella pyogenes ; dairy farm ; E. coli ; calves ; enteritis ; serotypes ; virulence ; multidrug-resistant ; extensively drug-resistant ; dairy ; ESBL ; MRSA ; dog ; canine parvovirus ; Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 ; multidrug resistance ; One Health ; Enterobacteriaceae ; public awareness ; farmworkers ; chicken ; growth promoters ; Staphylococcus hyicus ; PFGE ; exudative epidermitis ; pigs ; monitoring ; carbapenems ; CPE ; meat-producing animal ; companion animal ; travelers ; feed ; risk assessment ; introduction risk ; stochastic risk model ; coagulase-negative Staphylococcus ; CoNS ; quails ; broilers ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-23
    Description: This book represents one of the most up-to-date collections of articles on clinical practice and research in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The scholars who contributed to this book are experts in their field, carrying out cutting edge research in prestigious institutes worldwide (e.g., Harvard Medical School, University of California, MIND Institute, King’s College, Karolinska Institute, and many others). The book addressed many topics, including (1) The COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Epidemiology and prevalence; (3) Screening and early behavioral markers; (4) Diagnostic and phenotypic profile; (5) Treatment and intervention; (6) Etiopathogenesis (biomarkers, biology, and genetic, epigenetic, and risk factors); (7) Comorbidity; (8) Adulthood; and (9) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). This book testifies to the complexity of performing research in the field of ASD. The published contributions underline areas of progress and ongoing challenges in which more certain data is expected in the coming years. It would be desirable that experts, clinicians, researchers, and trainees could have the opportunity to read this updated text describing the challenging heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
    Keywords: autism spectrum disorder ; infants ; frontal EEG alpha asymmetry ; early detection ; autism spectrum disorders ; toddlers ; eye tracking ; joint attention ; longitudinal ; regression ; cytokines ; PAI-1 ; neuroinflammation ; gastrointestinal ; autism ; literature review ; comorbidity ; early intervention ; early intensive behavioral intervention ; behavioral intervention ; First Year Inventory ; early screening ; risk ; cross-cultural generalisability ; validity ; preschool teachers ; self-efficacy ; knowledge ; belief ; skills ; identify ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; level 1 and level 2 screening tools ; systematic review ; COSMIN ; PRISMA ; screening ; infection ; prion ; meta-analysis ; motion analysis ; video signal processing ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; infant screening ; n/a ; developmental language disorder ; semantic features ; word learning ; central coherence ; biomarker ; p-cresol ; mouse social behavior ; dopamine ; ASD ; vision ; proprioception ; self-motion ; immersive virtual reality ; IVR ; HMD ; technology ; persuasive text writing ; perspective-taking ; adolescence ; intervention ; sign language ; imitation ; cognition ; language acquisition ; prevalence estimate ; predictors ; surveillance review ; Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ; early intensive intervention ; developmental trajectories ; moderators and mediators of intervention. ; psychosis ; schizophrenia ; psychopathology ; AQ ; accuracy ; attention to detail ; self-awareness ; insight ; preconception risk factor ; Gilles de la Tourette ; obsession ; compulsion ; social behavior ; social impairment ; sensory profile ; sensory responsiveness ; feeding problems ; short sensory profile (SSP) ; sensory experience questionnaire (SEQ) ; coronavirus ; 2019-nCoV ; neurodevelopment ; child and adolescent psychiatry ; mental health prevention ; Asperger syndrome ; adults ; cerebrospinal fluid ; antibodies ; blood–brain barrier ; GAD65 ; Early Start Denver Model ; high-risk infants ; motor development ; high-functioning autism ; language ; experience ; communication ; autonomic nervous system ; wearable technologies ; EEG ; theory of mind ; adults and adolescents ; human figure drawings ; Draw-a-Man ; drawings maturity ; social perception ; ERP ; reward response ; RewP ; sensitization ; social skills intervention ; PEERS® ; adulthood ; diagnosis ; autistic traits ; action observation ; action prediction ; context ; priors ; hypothalamus ; amygdala ; oxytocin ; social cognition ; social interaction ; affiliative behavior ; neuroimaging ; COVID-19 ; challenging behavior ; dental care ; oral health ; medical procedures ; ICT ; wearable sensors ; migration ; Europe ; health system ; autism in adulthood ; intellectual disability ; regressive autism ; epilepsy ; challenging behaviors ; empathy ; executive functions ; attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder ; disruptive behavior disorders ; alexithymia ; anxiety ; depression ; TAS-20 ; TSIA ; parents ; broader autism phenotype ; autistic-like features ; social-cognitive development ; stereotypical behaviors ; visual impairment ; language profiles ; grammatical comprehension ; cannabinoids ; cannabidiol ; cannabidivarin ; THC ; problem behaviors ; sleep ; hyperactivity ; side effects ; motor performance skills ; Gulf ; BOT-2 ; machine learning ; employment ; telehealth ; ABA ; RCT ; cortisol ; group activity ; stress ; art ; assessment ; sensorimotor integration ; postural balance ; false positive report probability (FPRP) ; Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) ; Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) ; microbiome ; metabolomics ; study design ; biomarker discovery ; precise medicine ; bipolar disorder ; suicidal ideation ; suicidal attempts ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The book broadly deals with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and various relevant topics, including different antibody formats such as Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADC), bispecifics, nanoparticle-based mAbs and HER2+ cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other closely related topics. Each paper was written by leading active research groups in their fields both from academia and industry. The book should be of interest to those scientists and researchers who develop or use biologics, biotherapeutics, biosimilars and biobetters in cancer treatment.
    Keywords: monoclonal antibody ; NSCLC ; immunotherapy ; ELISA ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacogenetics ; anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies ; anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody ; B cell ; immune checkpoint blockade ; immune-related adverse events (irAEs) ; myasthenia gravis (MG) ; non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ; nivolumab ; programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) ; T cell ; tetraspanins ; cancer ; Tspan8 ; radioimmunotherapy ; immune-checkpoint inhibitors ; LDH ; biomarkers ; Ang-2 ; antiangiogenic therapy ; in vivo imaging ; radio- and chemotherapy ; VEGF-A ; cancer therapy ; neovascularization ; angiogenesis ; tumor microenvironment ; colorectal cancer ; antibody ; NK cells ; ADCC ; CD133 ; prominin-1 ; gold nanoparticles ; antibody-drug conjugates ; cell penetrating peptide ; HIV-1 TAT ; active-targeting ; targeted delivery ; trastuzumab ; MMAE ; valine-citrulline ; affibody ; drug conjugates ; hepatic uptake ; DM1 ; dermatooncology ; immune checkpoints ; monoclonal antibodies ; passive immunotherapy ; canine B-cell lymphoma ; DLA-DR ; HLA-DR ; antibody-drug conjugate ; ADC ; methotrexate ; tumor immunity ; combination therapy ; multiple myeloma (MM) ; monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) ; antibody products ; B cell maturation antigens (BCMAs) ; bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs®) ; checkpoint inhibitors 1 ; protein structure 2 ; pharmacokinetics 3 ; drug optimization 4 ; HER2-positive breast cancer ; metastatic disease ; neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy ; targeted therapy ; acute myeloid leukemia ; CD123 ; IL3RA ; kinesin spindle protein inhibitor ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The milk industry is largely based on dairy cattle production. After decades of great advancements in genetics, nutrition, and management, today, one cow can reach unprecedented levels of milk production. New challenges have been posed to preserving the health and welfare of these domestic animals. “High-Yielding Dairy Cows” is a collection of scientific papers focusing on three main areas: metabolic diseases, reproduction diseases, and herd (heath) management in confined and pasture production systems. This book aggregates knowledge from a molecular level to a more holistic approach on disease prevention and management, giving the reader an accurate overview of the current state of the art of this topic. It intends to contribute to ensuring the supply of ethical and responsible animal protein for about eight billion of people.
    Keywords: dairy cow ; fatty liver ; lipid metabolism ; oxidative stress ; SIRT1 ; dairy cows ; PPARγ ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ; genetic factor ; dairy industry ; milking system ; work routine ; parlor ; milking model ; small dairy ; reproductive strategy ; parity ; season ; rank of AI ; type of AI ; heat stress ; whole transcript sequencing ; immune response ; stress response ; myostatin gene ; variation ; milk ; fatty acid ; cattle ; milk production ; metabolomics ; biomarkers ; flaxseed ; dry period ; enterolactone ; milk fatty acids ; peak of lactation ; lipolysis ; fatty acids ; casein ; postpartum diseases ; activin ; inhibin ; cytokines ; endometrium ; subclinical endometritis ; cow ; milk beta-hydroxybutyrate ; fat to protein content ratio ; left displaced abomasum ; negative energy balance ; alpha-tocopherol/vitamin E-related gene ; calving ; colostrum ; high-yield dairy cows ; inflammation ; health ; lactation ; liver ; mammary gland ; ultrasonography ; pregnancy proteins ; embryonic mortality ; fetal mortality ; body condition score ; urea ; β-hydroxybutyrate ; metabolism ; urea in milk ; primiparous cows ; lactation curves ; feeding system ; herd management ; protein metabolism ; amino acids ; milk protein ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; high-yield cows ; pH ; VFA ; inflammatory cytokines ; transition period ; ketosis ; RNA-Seq ; clustering ; liver metabolism ; Jersey ; oral calcium bolus ; calcium ; hypocalcemia ; mastitis ; culling ; reproduction ; herd health ; milking management ; production systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Still, only a tiny fraction of PDT’s potential has been realized in the clinical practice guideline. Nevertheless, multiple contributions from all over the world emphasize the importance of PDT and signal that there is much more to expect!
    Keywords: antibiotic resistance ; virulence factors ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; photodynamic therapy ; cyanine dyes ; cancer therapy ; irradiation ; antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ; periodontitis ; scaling and root planing ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; colon carcinoma cells ; stress responses ; candidiasis ; C. albicans ; methylene blue ; tetraether liposomes ; nebulisation ; liposomal stability ; curcumin ; A549 cells ; PDT mechanisms ; new photosensitizers ; PDT tumor treatment ; antimicrobial PDT ; non-oncologic applications of PDT ; PDT in medical devices ; photosensitizers ; liposomes ; stealth liposomes ; thermosensitive liposomes ; tetraether lipids ; cancer ; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; hypericin ; wound infection model ; targeted delivery ; head and neck cancer ; nanoparticles ; 5-aminolevulinic acid ; ALA-based photodynamic therapy ; phototherapy ; extracorporeal ; photopheresis ; chronic graft-versus-host disease ; light ; malignant tumors ; nanomedicine ; natural photosensitizer ; photobiomodulation (PBM) ; photodynamic therapy (PDT) ; porphyrins ; fluorescence lifetime imaging miscroscopy (FLIM) ; antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) ; Helicobacter pylori biofilm ; experimental arthritis ; multi-drug resistance ; antibiotic synergy ; dental caries ; oral biofilms ; Fotoenticine ; chlorine ; antimicrobials ; ROS ; combinatory strategies ; multidrug resistance ; wound healing ; low-dose photodynamic therapy ; photosensitizer ; two-photon microscopy ; second-harmonic-generation-to-auto-fluorescence aging index of the dermis ; actinic keratosis ; physcion ; hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin ; low dose photodynamic therapy ; optical coherence tomography ; aggregation-induced emission ; organelles targeting ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; viral inactivation ; photodynamic inactivation ; SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus ; enveloped virus ; UV-C light ; antimicrobial nanomaterials ; carbon nanotubes ; graphene ; magnetic nanoparticles ; hydrogel ; photothermal therapy ; nanocarrier ; actinic keratoses ; combination ; topical ; systemic ; laser ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Caused by SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 presents significant challenges to health systems and public health in both hemispheres as well as to the economies of each country. The morbidity and mortality due to infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 have been significant despite the short duration since its discovery and initially overwhelmed many hospitals and clinics. It influences everyone, and countermeasures have been dramatic in their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on our responses and preparedness to COVID-19 globally as well as to disseminate critical information about the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the associated COVID-19 pandemic. It consists of 22 peer-reviewed papers that cover worldwide perspectives encompasses the following: Original articles about COVID-19 (including epidemiology, modelling, clinical data, treatment, prevention, countermeasures, impacts on tropical regions, response, and preparedness);Original articles about SARS-CoV-2 (microbiology, virology, transmission, pathology, and vaccinology);Perspectives about COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 (comparisons with past coronavirus outbreaks, impactful local initiatives, novel responses, and commentaries);Reviews on COVID-19 (based on systematic and narrative reviews);and Innovations (vaccine development, drug trials, and original countermeasures).
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; hepatitis B and C ; cirrhosis ; chronic kidney disease ; alcohol-related liver disease ; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ; necrosis ; MDR-TB ; clinical trials ; IL-6 inhibitors ; tocilizumab ; cytokine release syndrome ; cytokine storm ; operational research ; health systems ; SORT IT ; pandemics ; training ; pandemic ; endemic ; tuberculosis ; impact ; control ; overview ; malaria ; preparedness ; Africa ; emergency ; fecal calprotectin ; bowel perforation ; D-Dimer ; thrombosis ; ischemia ; efficacy ; safety ; kaletra ; lopinavir/ritonavir ; meta-analysis ; coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-1 ; MERS ; SARS ; influenza ; healthcare worker ; healthcare personnel ; general practitioners ; medical doctor ; heart transplant ; CMV ; Chagas disease ; infection ; severity ; respiratory viruses ; coinfections ; health care workers ; Philippines ; rhinovirus ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; plasmodium falciparum ; differential diagnosis ; cognitive bias ; diagnostic reasoning ; recurrence ; reinfection ; Bangladesh ; Kenya ; Nairobi ; presumptive tuberculosis ; TB treatment outcomes ; HIV ; antiretroviral therapy ; EpiCollect5 ; Malawi ; Lilongwe ; Zimbabwe ; Harare ; real-time operational research ; ethics ; research capacity building ; India ; Nepal ; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome ; COVID-19 vaccines ; mortality ; epidemiology ; public health ; healthcare workers ; attitudes ; perceptions ; knowledge ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMR Environmental medicine
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    Firenze University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The book tells the story of the development of both knowledge and theories about the living organisms since Antiquity until the beginning of the 20th century. It also endeavours to link the advances in sciences and the events in the life of scientists with the historical and social framework within which they lived. When possible some hints have been provided about the personalities of the scientists themselves. It is especially meant both for biologists and naturalists, but an attempt has been made to make it interesting reading also for any layman with an interest in history and sciences.
    Keywords: Biologia ; Storia ; Scienze naturali ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This reprint contains 11 chapters on a wide range of subjects related to the impacts of different types of epidemics on our ability to practice personalized medicine. Together, these chapters provide a broad overview with many different examples of epidemics. The personalization of medicine is present both despite and because of epidemics. Many more examples are possible, but this reprint offers a primary overview emphasizing the widely spread relevance of the topic.
    Keywords: diabetes mellitus ; cluster analyses ; risk factors ; micro- and macrovascular disease ; hyperuricemia ; sex ; renal progression ; chronic kidney disease ; disability ; children ; oral health ; caries ; dental treatment ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; Covid-19 ; SARS CoV2 ; epidemiology ; host genetics ; viral genome ; early diagnosis ; type 1 diabetes mellitus ; COVID-19 ; epidemics ; diabetic ketoacidosis ; hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity ; IgG ; N-glycosylation ; biomarkers ; tongue pressure ; aging ; community ; elderly ; tuberculosis ; pulmonary function ; respiratory symptoms ; quality of life ; hepatitis C virus ; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ; survival ; fibrosis ; performance status ; liver toxicity ; abdominal adiposity ; adolescents ; blood pressure ; obesity ; Jordan ; boys ; lung cancer screening ; smoking ; willingness to screen ; education ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2022-05-09
    Description: Abstracts from the 9th Postgradual and 7th Postdoctoral Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, 23–24 January 2019 Dedicated to the 50th Anniversary of the Founding of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové and 27th National Students’ Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, 16–17 April, 2019.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: pharmacy ; conference ; anniversary ; science ; Charles University ; Hradec Králové ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Foamy viruses, currently referred to as spumaretroviruses, are the most ancient retroviruses as evidenced by traces of viral sequences dispersed in all vertebrate classes from fish to mammals. Additionally, infectious foamy viruses circulate in a variety of mammalian species including simian, bovine, equine, caprine, and feline. Foamy viruses have many unique features which led to the division of the retrovirus family into two subfamilies, the Orthoretrovirinae and Spumaretrovirinae. In vitro, foamy viruses have a broad host range and in vivo, human infections have been described due to cross-species transmission from infected nonhuman primates. Thus far, there are no reports of virus-induced disease in humans or in the natural host species. These unique properties of foamy viruses have led researchers to develop foamy viruses as gene therapy vectors to study virus–virus and virus–host interactions for identifying factors involved in virus replication, transmission, and immune regulation that could influence potential clinical outcomes in humans as well as for using endogenous foamy virus sequences in the analysis of host species evolution.
    Keywords: spumavirus ; feline illness ; proviral load ; neglected virus ; bovine foamy virus ; infectious clone ; particle release ; cell-free transmission ; foamy virus ; spumaretrovirus ; cross-species virus transmission ; zoonosis ; restriction factors ; immune responses ; FV vectors ; virus replication ; latent infection ; feline foamy virus ; epidemiology ; retrovirus ; Spumaretrovirus ; mountain lion ; Puma concolor ; ELISA ; protease ; reverse transcriptase ; RNase H ; reverse transcription ; antiviral drugs ; resistance ; simian foamy virus ; gibbon ; lesser apes ; co-evolution ; complete viral genome ; equine foamy virus ; isolation ; Japan ; sero-epidemiology ; reptile foamy virus ; endogenous foamy virus ; endogenous retrovirus ; ancient retroviruses ; co-speciation ; foamy virus-host interactions ; viral tropism ; infection ; kidney ; cats ; chronic kidney disease ; chronic renal disease ; integrase ; integration ; co-infections ; NHP ; pathogenesis ; zoonoses ; viral prevalence ; Neotropical primates ; free-living primates ; Brazil ; new world primates ; simian retrovirus ; BFV ; spuma virus ; model system ; animal model ; animal experiment ; miRNA function ; gene expression ; antiviral host restriction ; gene therapy ; in-vivo gene therapy ; hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ; foamy virus vector ; pre-clinical canine model ; SCID-X1 ; innate sensing ; cGAS ; STING ; foamy viruses ; wild ruminants ; European bison ; red deer ; roe deer ; fallow deer ; seroreactivity ; inter-species transmission ; HSC ; gene marking ; FV gene transfer to HSCs ; gene therapy alternatives ; serotype ; high-throughput sequencing ; replication kinetics ; cytopathic effect ; reverse transcriptase activity ; miRNA expression ; virus-host-interaction ; miRNA target gene identification ; innate immunity ; ANKRD17 ; Bif1 (SH3GLB1) ; replication in vitro ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Since the 1990s, ultrasound (US) has played a major role in the assessment of thyroid nodules and their risk of malignancy. Over the last decade, the most eminent international societies have published US-based systems for the risk stratification of thyroid lesions, namely, Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data Systems (TIRADSs). The introduction of TIRADSs into clinical practice has significantly increased the diagnostic power of US to a level approaching that of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). At present, we are probably approaching a new era in which US could be the primary tool to diagnose thyroid cancer. However, before using US in this new dominant role, we need further proof. This Special Issue, which includes reviews and original articles, aims to pave the way for the future in the field of thyroid US. Highly experienced thyroidologists focused on US are asked to contribute to achieve this goal.
    Keywords: n/a ; thyroid ; ultrasonography ; follicular neoplasm ; follicular lesion of unknown significance ; follicular thyroid cancer ; papillary thyroid carcinoma ; neoplasm metastasis ; biopsy ; fine-needle ; thyroglobulin ; US-guided minimally invasive techniques ; radiofrequency ablation ; RFA ; benign thyroid nodules ; thyroid cancer ; DTC recurrences ; PTMC ; long term ; follow-up ; regrowth ; classification system ; ultrasound classification system ; TIRAD ; nodule ; risk stratification ; TI-RADS ; fine-needle aspiration ; cancer ; ultrasound ; scintigraphy ; non-autonomously functioning ; thyroid imaging reporting and data systems (TIRADS) ; risk of malignancy (ROM) ; thyroid nodules ; paediatrics ; radiotherapy ; risk assessment ; DTC ; thyroid neoplasm ; medical imaging ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; deep learning ; radiomics ; prediction ; diagnosis ; Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS) ; pediatric thyroid nodules ; neck ultrasound ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) ; papillary thyroid cancer ; TIRADS ; thyroid nodule ; fine-needle aspiration biopsy ; elastosonography ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is currently one of the most interesting areas of study in oncology. Despite the advances made in this field, this tumor continues to be a health problem of major concern in Western societies, seriously affecting public health services. Several characteristics of this tumor make it an exciting meeting point for translational collaboration between clinicians and basic researchers. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a paradigmatic example of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity from morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular viewpoints. This tumor is also a good example to investigate the complexity of tumor/tumor and tumor/environment relationships from an ecological perspective. A deeper identification of the varied internal tumor self-organization through the specialization of cell clones and subclones as local invaders and metastasizers, on one hand, and the interactions of specific subsets of tumor cells with the local host microenvironment, on the other, will significantly enrich our knowledge of this neoplasm. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is also a paradigmatic test bench for antiangiogenic and immune checkpoint blockage therapies. The refinement of these therapeutic tools administered alone or in combination is a hot issue in oncology, and several international trials are underway.
    Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; prognosis ; plasma ; PD-1 ; PD-L1 ; renal cell carcinoma ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; immune related adverse events (irAEs) ; thyroid ; cutaneous ; biomarker ; DNA methylation ; epigenetics ; kidney ; hypoxia ; tumor microenvironment ; SCD-1 ; oleic acid ; renal cancer ; sunitinib ; resistance ; miRNA ; transcriptome ; pathway analysis ; nivolumab ; tissue slice culture ; PD1 ; T-cells ; metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; first-line treatment ; immunotherapy ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; combinations ; single-cell RNA sequencing ; immune landscape ; cancer immunotherapy ; intra-tumoral heterogeneity ; inter-tumoral heterogeneity ; inter-metastatic heterogeneity ; renal cell cancer ; treatment resistance ; angiogenesis ; adjuvant therapy ; prediction model ; prognostic factor ; clear cell kidney cancer ; radiogenomics ; radiomics ; machine learning ; gene expression ; cystic tumor ; imaging ; magnetic resonance ; surgery ; ddPCR ; circulating miRNA ; diagnosis ; malignancy ; histomorphological features ; PBRM1 ; immunohistochemistry ; architectural patterns ; endothelial cells ; translational ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; responsiveness ; molecular features ; multisite tumor sampling ; intratumor heterogeneity ; clear-cell renal cell carcinoma ; disease progression ; prognostic factors ; biomarkers ; RNA sequencing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
    Language: English
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  • 96
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Oxygen is an essential molecule in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells, and a lack of energy due to O2 deficiency makes the maintenance of biological functions and human life improbable. Since oxygen functions as the final electron acceptor in the series of ATP synthesis reactions in conjunction with oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, its deficiency causes the oxidation of a series of coenzymes, such as nicotinamide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and the reduction in oxygen molecules to water molecules (H2O). Persistent deficiency has been believed to cause a loss of biological functions, even resulting in death. This classical view of oxygen has been completely revised over the last 20 years. Mammals do not have a mechanism for biosynthesizing oxygen in their bodies. In higher organisms such as vertebrates, which possess many organs, oxygen in the body is always “scarce,”; therefore, the dominant view is that organisms have evolved mechanisms to respond to the lack of this essential molecule (hypoxia), and actively use it to maintain bodily integrity. Anatomically complex, higher multicellular organisms are equipped with specialized mechanisms to enable all cells to obtain sufficient oxygen. The respiratory system consists of lungs, which provide oxygen to be transferred to hemoglobin in red blood cells, the diaphragm, other respiratory support muscles, and neuroepithelial cells that sense the partial pressure of oxygen. The cardiovascular system consists of red blood cells, an oxygen-carrying medium, the heart, the transport engine, blood vessels, and transport channels. The proper development and preservation of these systems requires the harmonious expression of thousands of genes. The transcription factor responsible for this gene expression is hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). In this Special Issue, we invited research and review papers on various areas of oxygen biology research that focused on the fundamental understanding of HIF signaling pathways and related gene expression profiling, as well as pharmacogenomic biomarkers, molecular targets driving the regulation of human physiology and pathophysiology, and validation in animal models. We have published six original papers and three review articles in this Special Issue. We hope that this Special Issue will reflect the current exciting research concerning HIFs and their applications in medicine and health science.
    Keywords: hypoxia ; transcriptome ; RNA-seq ; ChIP-seq ; public database ; meta-analysis ; peripheral blood cells ; blood-derived therapy ; angiogenesis ; platelet rich plasma (PRP) ; hypoxia preconditioned plasma ; hypoxia preconditioned serum ; transcription factor ; hypoxia-inducible factor 1 ; HIF-1 ; hypoxia sensing ; acetylsalicylic acid ; COX-1 ; clopidogrel ; drug anticoagulation ; NOACs ; oral anticoagulation ; VEGF ; adipose-derived stem cells ; adipose-derived cell supension ; lymphangiogenesis ; lymphatic regeneration ; macrophage ; matrix metalloproteinase ; atherosclerotic plaque rupture ; oxidative stress ; xanthine oxidase ; HIF ; T cells ; B cells ; monocytes ; macrophages ; neutrophils ; ILC ; oxygen ; HIF-PH inhibitor ; gene2pubmed ; bibliome ; signature genes ; GPR146 ; enrichment analysis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 97
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Albumin is playing an increasing role as a versatile, biodegradable drug carrier in clinical theranostics. By applying different techniques, smart drug-delivery systems can be developed from albumin in order to improve drug delivery of different active pharmaceutical ingredients, even small-molecule drugs, peptides or enzymes. Principally, three drug delivery technologies can be distinguished for binding small-molecule or peptide drugs through the charged amino acids, carboxyl, and amino groups of albumin: physical or covalent binding of the drug to albumin through a ligand- or protein-binding group, the fusion of drug with albumin or the encapsulation of drugs into albumin nanoparticles. The accumulation of albumin in inflamed tissues and solid tumours forms the rationale for developing albumin-based drug delivery systems for targeted drug delivery. Besides tumour therapy, albumin-based drug delivery systems can be successfully applied as anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic coating for medical devices. The development and optimization of albumin nanoparticles may also be a rational and promising tool for conventional or alternative administration routes in order to improve therapy. This collection provides an overview of the significant scientific research works in this field, which may inspire researchers towards further development and utilization of these smart drug delivery systems.
    Keywords: plasma half-life extension ; albumin conjugation ; in vivo glucose-lowering activity ; glucagon-like peptide-1 ; quality by design ; rapid equilibrium dialysis ; muco-adhesion ; brain PAMPA ; RPMI 2650 nasal epithelial cell ; human serum albumin ; dimerization ; doxorubicin ; enhanced permeability and retention effect ; antitumor ; Arthrobacter globiformis ; gout ; half-life extension ; inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction ; site-specific albumin conjugation ; thermostability ; urate oxidase ; albumin ; anti-thrombotic ; CD39 ; coating of medical devices ; stent coating ; therapeutic fusion protein ; conjugates ; vanadium ; cancer ; prodrug ; hydrogels ; EPR/ESR spectroscopy ; release behavior ; disulfide ; glioma ; conjugate ; albumin binding moieties ; peptides ; Evans blue ; 4-(p-iodophenyl)butyric acid ; integrin αvβ6 ; integrin αvβ6 binding peptide ; improved pharmacokinetics ; PET imaging ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a strong inflammatory-like microenvironment in the affected tissue. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates range from 2%–10% of women of reproductive age to 50% of infertile women. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis remains controversial—immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may all be involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.This book aims to summarize some of the most recent advancements in basic and translational science (immunology, cell biology, genetics, and epigenetics) in the field of endometriosis that may create new scenarios and change our perspective of the topic.
    Keywords: endometriosis ; epigenetics ; EZH2 ; microRNA ; inflammation mediators ; annexin A1 ; Lipoxin A4 ; receptors ; Lipoxin ; Resolvin ; review ; ovarian cancer ; BMI-1 ; epithelial tumor cells ; stroma ; peritoneal fluid ; cytokines ; chemokines ; Th1 cells ; Th2 cells ; Treg cells ; Th17 cells ; long noncoding RNAs ; lncRNAs ; epithelial to mesenchymal transition ; EMT ; proliferation ; migration ; cytoskeleton ; dapsone ; DDS-NHOH ; red blood cell ; glycyrrhetinic acid ; endometrial cancer ; molecular basis of endometriosis ; human disease ; noncoding RNA (ncRNA) ; long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ; circular lncRNA (circRNA) ; long non-coding RNAs ; sponging ; ceRNA ; chromatin ; chronic pain ; neurogenic inflammation ; neuroimmune modulation ; nerve signalling ; peripheral nerve ; inflammation ; non-hormonal treatment ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: After the long history of screening, it is becoming difficult to find novel compounds from microorganisms and plants anywhere in the world. Until now, more than about 30,000 marine natural products have been reported. However, with the development of marine natural products research, the hit rate of new compounds is also decreasing. Scientists are now turning their attention to the deep sea, where a high hit rate of novel compounds is expected. Many small compounds and peptides from microorganisms and sponges are with therapeutic activity are shown in this book. This Special Issue Book, “Natural Products from the Deep Sea”, should be useful for the screening of novel and useful compounds from nature.
    Keywords: deep sea marine-derived fungus ; Myrothecium sp. ; myrothecol ; nitric oxide (NO) ; antioxidant activity ; macrolactam ; Deep-Sea-Derived Streptomyces ; abiotic formation ; natural product ; antifungal activity ; Thorectandra choanoides ; tryptophan alkaloid ; indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase ; aplysinopsins ; GNPS molecular network ; cellular signal transduction ; bioactive metabolite ; deep-sea organisms ; anti-inflammatory agent ; anticancer agent ; Mariana Trench ; Micromonospora provocatoris MT25 ; desferrioxamine ; n-acetylglutaminyl glutamine amide ; 1H-15N 2D-NMR ; genomics ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; stress genes ; crustins ; antibacterial peptides ; hydrothermal vent ; anti-Gram-negative bacteria ; Al-crus 3 and Al-crus 7 ; Trichoderma ; harziane diterpenes ; NO inhibition ; thioester-containing benzoate ; deep-sea-derived fungus ; α-glucosidase inhibitory activity ; docking study ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Major technological advances in genomics have made it possible to identify critical genetic alterations in cancer, rendering oncology well along the path to “personalised cancer medicine”. Thanks to developments in genetics, several mutations and gene rearrangements have been identified in patients with endocrine cancers (e.g., thyroid and adrenocortical carcinoma). In particular, each patient can be considered as a unique, individual one, with unique genetic information. The aim of this Special Issue is to offer an overview of exciting new research in the area of endocrine tumours may set the stage for an innovative personalised management and precision medicine modalities for individualised care.New affordable individual genomic analyses, as well as the opportunity to test new compounds in primary cells may allow a personalised management of patients with endocrine malignancies. This approach may improve the prediction of clinical outcome and therapeutic effectiveness, as well as help to avoid the use of ineffective drugs. However, further efforts are needed to obtain an adjustment of clinical management in patients with endocrine cancers that would rely solely or in great part on genetic information. This Special Issue includes basic, translational, and clinical papers on personalised medicine in endocrine malignancies (i.e., thyroid and adrenal), especially focusing on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as novel drug targets or targeted treatments, including eventual clinical trials.
    Keywords: papillary thyroid cancer ; SUV PET/CT ; BRAF V600E ; immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) ; ipilimumab ; nivolumab ; prolactinoma ; Cushing’s disease ; aggressive pituitary tumor ; aggressive PitNET ; aggressive pituitary adenoma ; pituitary carcinoma ; adrenocortical cancer ; adrenal adenomas ; adrenal tumors ; p53 ; p27 ; ki-67 ; reticulin ; mitotane ; adjuvant treatment ; recurrence ; recurrence free survival ; timing ; intratumoral heterogeneity ; thyroid tumor ; BRAF ; RET/PTC rearrangements ; RAS mutation ; adrenal cortex ; carcinoma ; angiogenesis ; gene expression ; osteopontin ; hyaluronan synthase 1 ; multikinase inhibitors ; sorafenib ; lenvatinib ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; radioiodine resistance ; predictive marker ; predictors ; response to treatment ; survival ; information needs and preferences ; focus group interview ; personalized medicine ; neuroendocrine tumours ; phaeochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; molecular clusters ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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