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  • artificial intelligence  (94)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (94)
  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)
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  • 2020-2024  (94)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2000-2004
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book captures advancements in the applications of computational intelligence (artificial intelligence, machine learning, etc.) to problems in the mineral and mining industries. The papers present the state of the art in four broad categories: mine operations, mine planning, mine safety, and advances in the sciences, primarily in image processing applications. Authors in the book include both researchers and industry practitioners.
    Keywords: truck dispatching ; mining equipment uncertainties ; orebody uncertainty ; discrete event simulation ; Q-learning ; grinding circuits ; minerals processing ; random forest ; decision trees ; machine learning ; knowledge discovery ; variable importance ; mineral prospectivity mapping ; random forest algorithm ; epithermal gold ; unstructured data ; blast impact ; empirical model ; mining ; fragmentation ; mine worker fatigue ; random forest model ; health and safety management ; stockpiles ; operational data ; mine-to-mill ; geostatistics ; ore control ; mine optimization ; digital twin ; modes of operation ; geological uncertainty ; multivariate statistics ; partial least squares regression ; oil sands ; bitumen extraction ; bitumen processability ; mine safety and health ; accidents ; narratives ; natural language processing ; random forest classification ; hyperspectral imaging ; multispectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; neighbourhood component analysis ; artificial intelligence ; mining exploitation ; masonry buildings ; damage risk analysis ; Bayesian network ; Naive Bayes ; Bayesian Network Structure Learning (BNSL) ; rock type ; mining geology ; bluetooth beacon ; classification and regression tree ; gaussian naïve bayes ; k-nearest neighbors ; support vector machine ; transport route ; transport time ; underground mine ; tactical geometallurgy ; data analytics in mining ; ball mill throughput ; measurement while drilling ; non-additivity ; coal ; petrographic analysis ; macerals ; image analysis ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; point cloud scaling ; fragmentation size analysis ; structure from motion ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Connected intelligent sensing reshapes our society by empowering people with increasing new ways of mutual interactions. As integration technologies keep their scaling roadmap, the horizon of sensory applications is rapidly widening, thanks to myriad light-weight low-power or, in same cases even self-powered, smart devices with high-connectivity capabilities. CMOS integrated circuits technology is the best candidate to supply the required smartness and to pioneer these emerging sensory systems. As a result, new challenges are arising around the design of these integrated circuits and systems for sensory applications in terms of low-power edge computing, power management strategies, low-range wireless communications, integration with sensing devices. In this Special Issue recent advances in application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and systems for smart sensory applications in the following five emerging topics: (I) dedicated short-range communications transceivers; (II) digital smart sensors, (III) implantable neural interfaces, (IV) Power Management Strategies in wireless sensor nodes and (V) neuromorphic hardware.
    Keywords: wake-up receiver ; digital controller ; reliability ; electronic toll collection (ETC) system ; dedicated short range communication (DSRC) ; temperature compensation ; piezoresistive ; pressure sensor ; negative temperature coefficient ; ACE-Q100 ; CMOS ; epilepsy ; seizure ; multichannel neural recording ; feature extraction ; closed-loop neurostimulator ; low-power ; low-noise amplifier ; implantable medical device ; switched capacitor ; voltage converter ; wide load range ; multiphase operation ; variable frequency ; integrated circuits ; EEPROM reprogrammable fuses ; memory cells ; trimming techniques with fuses ; digital temperature sensor ; temperature sensor with digital serial interface ; asynchronous control logic ; successive approximation register (SAR) ; wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) ; low power consumption ; capacitive digital to analog converter (CDAC) ; CMOS neural amplifier ; AC coupling ; pseudoresistor ; nonlinear distortion ; area-efficient design ; sensor node ; power mode ; wireless sensor networks ; power management ; spiking neural network ; leaky integrate and fire ; neuromorphic ; artificial neural networks ; artificial intelligence ; image classification ; capacitance-to-digital converter ; iterative-delay-chain discharge ; CMOS capacitive sensor interface ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the implementation of sustainable concrete systems has been a topic of great interest in the field of construction engineering worldwide, as a result of the large and rapid increase in carbon emissions and environmental problems resulting from traditional concrete production and industry. For example, the uses of supplementary cementitious materials, geopolymer binder, recycled aggregate and industrial/agricultural wastes in concrete are all approaches to building a sustainable concrete system. However, such materials have inherent flaws due to their variety of sources, and exhibit very different properties compared with traditional concrete. Therefore, they require specific modifications in preprocessing, design, and evaluation before use in concrete. This reprint, entitled “Advances in Sustainable Concrete System”, covers a broad range of advanced concrete research in environmentally friendly concretes, cost-effective admixtures, and waste recycling, specifically including the design methods, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure, various models, hydration mechanisms, and practical applications of solid wastes in concrete systems.
    Keywords: high-strength concrete ; energy evolution ; elastic strain energy ; brittleness evaluation index ; concrete ; humidity ; moisture absorption ; moisture desorption ; numerical simulation ; acoustic emission ; AE rate process theory ; corrosion rate ; damage evolution ; axial load ; precast concrete structure ; lattice girder semi-precast slabs ; bending resistance ; FE modelling ; concrete damage ; GSP ; high strength ; hydration ; strength ; penetrability ; rice husk ash ; sustainable concrete ; artificial neural networks ; multiple linear regression ; eco-friendly concrete ; green concrete ; sustainable development ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; machine learning ; bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; natural coarse aggregate ; recycled coarse aggregate ; two-stage concrete ; materials design ; recycled concrete ; crumb rubber concrete ; crumb rubber ; NaOH treatment ; lime treatment ; water treatment ; detergent treatment ; compressive strength ; materials ; adhesively-bonded joint ; temperature aging ; residual strength ; mechanical behavior ; failure criterion ; steel slag powder ; compound activator ; mortar strength ; orthogonal experiment ; GM (0, N) model ; ultrafine metakaolin ; silica fume ; durability ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; damage mechanism ; uniaxial tension ; cracked concrete ; crack width ; crack depth ; tortuosity ; sustainability ; concrete composites ; sulfate and acid attacks ; WPFT fibers ; coal gangue ; gradation ; cement content ; unconfined compressive strength ; freeze–thaw cycle ; minimum energy dissipation principle ; three-shear energy yield criterion ; damage variable ; constitutive model ; phosphorus slag ; limestone ; sulphate-corrosion resistance ; volume deformation ; blast furnace ferronickel slag ; alkali-activated material ; dosage of activator ; reactive powder concrete ; beam-column joint ; FE modeling ; crack ; cementitious gravel ; fly ash ; age ; optimal dosage ; bamboo ; sawdust ; pretreatment ; bio-based material ; mechanical property ; self-compacting concrete ; supplementary cementitious materials ; hydration mechanisms ; microstructure ; fresh properties ; synthetic polymer ; high temperature ; bentonite-free drilling fluid ; rheology ; filtration ; FRP reinforced concrete slab ; punching shear strength ; SHAP ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Cognitive building is a pioneering topic envisioning the future of our built environment. The concept of "cognitive" provides a paradigm shift that steps from the static concept of the building as a container of human activities towards the modernist vision of "machine à habiter" of Le Corbusier, where the technological content adds the capability of learning from users' behavior and environmental variables to adapt itself to achieve major goals such as user comfort, energy-saving, flexible functionality, high durability, and good maintainability. The concept is based on digital frameworks and IoT networks towards the concept of a smart city.
    Keywords: explainable post occupancy ; humanoid robot ; lighting simulation software ; BIM ; openBIM ; IFC ; IoT ; sensors ; cognitive buildings ; asset management ; digital twin ; BEM ; simulation modelling ; dynamic simulation ; Building Information Modelling (BIM) ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; facility management ; cyber-physical systems ; Building Management System ; Digital Twin ; Post-Occupancy Evaluations ; cognitive ; digital twins ; building lifecycle management ; artificial intelligence ; decision support ; self-learning ; optimization ; building performance simulation ; lighting simulation ; lighting quality ; visual comfort ; office field study ; evidence-based design ; building information modeling ; HVAC ; fan coil ; Internet of Things ; predictive maintenance ; fault detection ; smart building ; sustainable building ; construction projects ; BIM implementation ; stakeholders ; barriers ; construction product ; servitization ; level of evidence ; level curves ; ground slopes ; embankments ; road and rail design ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book includes impactful chapters which present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine learning techniques. These are relevant in tackling the following challenges: (i) the field readiness and use of intrusive sensor systems and devices for capturing biosignals, including EEG sensor systems, ECG sensor systems and electrodermal activity sensor systems; (ii) the quality assessment and management of sensor data; (iii) data preprocessing, noise filtering and calibration concepts for biosignals; (iv) the field readiness and use of nonintrusive sensor technologies, including visual sensors, acoustic sensors, vibration sensors and piezoelectric sensors; (v) emotion recognition using mobile phones and smartwatches; (vi) body area sensor networks for emotion and stress studies; (vii) the use of experimental datasets in emotion recognition, including dataset generation principles and concepts, quality insurance and emotion elicitation material and concepts; (viii) machine learning techniques for robust emotion recognition, including graphical models, neural network methods, deep learning methods, statistical learning and multivariate empirical mode decomposition; (ix) subject-independent emotion and stress recognition concepts and systems, including facial expression-based systems, speech-based systems, EEG-based systems, ECG-based systems, electrodermal activity-based systems, multimodal recognition systems and sensor fusion concepts and (x) emotion and stress estimation and forecasting from a nonlinear dynamical system perspective.
    Keywords: subject-dependent emotion recognition ; subject-independent emotion recognition ; electrodermal activity (EDA) ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; automatic facial emotion recognition ; intensity of emotion recognition ; behavioral biometrical systems ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; driving stress ; electrodermal activity ; road traffic ; road types ; Viola-Jones ; facial emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; facial detection ; facial landmarks ; infrared thermal imaging ; homography matrix ; socially assistive robot ; EEG ; arousal detection ; valence detection ; data transformation ; normalization ; mental stress detection ; electrocardiogram ; respiration ; in-ear EEG ; emotion classification ; emotion monitoring ; elderly caring ; outpatient caring ; stress detection ; deep neural network ; convolutional neural network ; wearable sensors ; psychophysiology ; sensor data analysis ; time series analysis ; signal analysis ; similarity measures ; correlation statistics ; quantitative analysis ; benchmarking ; boredom ; emotion ; GSR ; classification ; sensor ; face landmark detection ; fully convolutional DenseNets ; skip-connections ; dilated convolutions ; emotion recognition ; physiological sensing ; multimodal sensing ; flight simulation ; activity recognition ; physiological signals ; thoracic electrical bioimpedance ; smart band ; stress recognition ; physiological signal processing ; long short-term memory recurrent neural networks ; information fusion ; pain recognition ; long-term stress ; electroencephalography ; perceived stress scale ; expert evaluation ; affective corpus ; multimodal sensors ; overload ; underload ; interest ; frustration ; cognitive load ; stress research ; affective computing ; human-computer interaction ; deep convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; auxiliary loss ; weighted loss ; class center ; stress sensing ; smart insoles ; smart shoes ; unobtrusive sensing ; stress ; center of pressure ; regression ; signal processing ; arousal ; aging adults ; musical genres ; emotion elicitation ; dataset ; emotion representation ; feature selection ; feature extraction ; computer science ; virtual reality ; head-mounted display ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Urological Cancer 2020 collection contains a set of multidisciplinary contributions to the extraordinary heterogeneity of tumor mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapies of the renal, urinary tract, and prostate cancers, with the intention of offering to interested readers a representative snapshot of the status of urological research.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; iron ; macrophages ; chelation therapy ; urothelial carcinoma ; transcriptome ; microtubule ; MAP1B ; prognosis ; KLF5 ; androgen receptor ; cell proliferation ; tumorigenesis ; prostate cancer ; precision medicine ; whole genome sequencing ; optical mapping ; therapy ; prostate carcinoma ; prostate mpMRI ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; neural network ; angiogenesis ; angiogenic growth factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; renal tumors ; prevention ; α1-adrenoceptor antagonists ; anoikis ; vascularity ; research model ; oncogenes ; tumor suppressor genes ; MR-guided ; radiotherapy ; MRgRT ; stereotactic ablative radiotherapy ; stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) ; renal cell cancer ; RCC ; online adaptive ; [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT ; dual-time point imaging ; delayed imaging ; biphasic imaging ; lesion positivity rate ; CXCL9 ; PD1 ; PD-L1 ; stage T1 NMIBC ; prostatic neoplasms/mortality ; prostatic neoplasms/epidemiology ; SEER Program ; bladder cancer ; transurethral resection ; en-bloc resection ; CPT1A ; fatty acids ; serine ; androgen response ; ROS ; oxidative stress ; DONSON ; Downstream Neighbor of SON ; biomarker ; metastatic spread ; diagnosis ; differential diagnosis ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; stroma signature ; patient-derived xenografts ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book introduces and provides solutions to a variety of problems faced by society, companies and individuals in a quickly changing and technology-dependent world. The wide acceptance of artificial intelligence, the upcoming fourth industrial revolution and newly designed 6G technologies are seen as the main enablers and game changers in this environment. The book considers these issues not only from a technological viewpoint but also on how society, labor and the economy are affected, leading to a circular economy that affects the way people design, function and deploy complex systems.
    Keywords: Industry 4.0 ; cognitive manufacturing ; cognitive load ; human–computer interaction ; 6GIIoE priorities ; 6GIIoE challenges ; 6GIIoE applications ; information system ; sequential methodology ; 6GIIoE theoretical framework ; circular economy ; circular building ; implementation strategies ; design strategies ; circular resource flows ; digital twin ; digital model ; system optimization ; predictive maintenance ; artificial and human intelligence ; security ; risks and risk management ; quality of life ; common welfare ; socio-political assessment ; assembly ; process planning systems ; concurrent engineering ; automotive industry applications ; manufacturing industry applications ; artificial intelligence ; sustainable development ; construction ; civil engineering ; machine learning ; construction engineering ; cognitive data intelligence ; cognitive healthcare ; tiny machine learning ; 6GCIoHE theoretical framework ; data science ; statistical data processing ; predictive analytics ; classification ; clustering ; labor productivity ; health management ; health-saving strategies ; electric power industry ; bridge ; expansion joint ; joint gap ; smart bridge maintenance equipment ; sensor ; structural health monitoring ; line-scan camera ; machine vision ; change management ; COVID-19 ; decision-support model ; digitization ; employee motivation ; employee satisfaction ; human resources ; software tool ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This special issue entitled “Water Quality Assessments for Urban Water Environment,” strives to highlights the status quo of water environment, opportunities and challenges for their sustainable management in lieu of rapid global changes (land us eland cover changes, climate change, population growth, change in socio-economic dimension, urbanization etc.), in the urban space particularly in developing nations around the world. It also highlights the effect of COVID19 pandemic on water resources and way forward to minimize the risk of spreading health risk associated with wastewater management. Considering the complex nature of the urban water security, it highlights the importance of emerging approaches like socio-hydrology, landscape ecology, regional-circular-ecological sphere etc., which presents a perfect combination of hard (infrastructure) and soft (numerical simulations, spatial technologies, participatory approaches, indigenous knowledge) measures, as the potential solutions to manage this precious water resource in coming future. Finally, what is the way forward to enhance science-policy interface in a better way to achieve global goals e.g., SDGs at local level in a timely manner. It provides valuable information about sustainable water resource management at the urban landscape, which is very much useful for policy-makers, decision-makers, local communities, and other relevant stakeholders.
    Keywords: groundwater ; geospatial analysis ; hydrogeochemical assessment ; multivariate statistical analysis ; water quality index ; middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ; urban river stretches ; phosphorus ; spatial distribution ; bioavailability ; suspended sediment (SS) ; water quality ; WEAP ; climate change adaptation ; urbanization ; domestic wastewater management ; sustainable development goals ; triple-rice cropping system ; full-dike ; surface water quality ; WAWQI ; An Giang Province ; the Vietnamese Mekong Delta ; hydrological residence time (HRT) ; lake ; COVID ; waterbodies ; WQI ; HPI ; HEI ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; bioaerosol ; aerosolized wastewater ; environmental transmission ; agriculture ; water security ; water scarcity ; climate change ; IWRM ; socioeconomic changes ; sustainable development ; Pindrawan tank area ; drinking water quality ; artificial intelligence ; particle swarm optimization ; support vector machine ; naive Bayes classifier ; water insecurity ; water security framework ; public health ; primary health care ; groundwater demand ; Sundarbans ; vulnerability ; sensitivity loop ; water–human wellbeing nexus ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: For many decades, researchers have been trying to make computers’ analysis of images as effective as the system of human vision is. For this purpose, many algorithms and systems have previously been created. The whole process covers various stages, including image processing, representation and recognition. The results of this work can be applied to many computer-assisted areas of everyday life. They improve particular activities and provide handy tools, which are sometimes only for entertainment, but quite often, they significantly increase our safety. In fact, the practical implementation of image processing algorithms is particularly wide. Moreover, the rapid growth of computational complexity and computer efficiency has allowed for the development of more sophisticated and effective algorithms and tools. Although significant progress has been made so far, many issues still remain, resulting in the need for the development of novel approaches.
    Keywords: CIELab ; component Substitution ; Pan sharpening ; Pléiades VHR Image ; coal ; inertinite macerals ; classification ; multifractal analysis ; support vector machine ; block-based coding ; video coding ; H.265/HEVC ; affine motion compensation ; image registration ; homography matrix ; local homography transformation ; convolutional neural network ; moving direct linear transformation ; super-resolution (SR) ; convolution neural network (CNN) ; Gene Expression Programming (GEP) ; deep learning ; image preclassification ; suspicious behavior detection ; motion ; magnitude ; gradient ; reactivity ; saliency ; haze removal ; dark channel ; atmospheric-light estimation ; coarse-to-fine search strategy ; sparse dictionary ; stable recovery ; frame ; RIP ; local dimming ; retinex theory ; bi-histogram equalization ; contrast ratio ; details preservation ; pansharpening ; image fusion ; image quality ; Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 6 ; spectral consistency ; spatial consistency ; synthesis ; artificial intelligence ; dental application ; images ; detection ; parseval frame ; transform ; sparse representation ; octave convolution ; bilingual scene text reading ; Ethiopic script ; attention ; nasal cytology ; automatic cell segmentation ; rhinology ; image analysis ; feature extraction ; shape context ; plant recognition ; DPCNN ; BOF ; numeral spotting ; historical document analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; deep transfer learning ; handwritten digit recognition ; spectrum correction ; intensity correction ; compressed sensing ; tradeoff process ; IKONOS ; remote sensing ; fine-tuning ; learning rate scheduler ; cyclical learning rates ; label smoothing ; classification accuracy ; neural networks ; salient object detection ; RGB-D ; object detection ; small object ; multi-scale sampling ; balanced sampling ; texture ; structure ; optical ; coke ; iron ore ; sinter ; image processing ; segmentation ; identification ; action recognition ; silhouette sequences ; shape features ; ambient assisted living ; active ageing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: With the increase in data processing and storage capacity, a large amount of data is available. Data without analysis does not have much value. Thus, the demand for data analysis is increasing daily, and the consequence is the appearance of a large number of jobs and published articles. Data science has emerged as a multidisciplinary field to support data-driven activities, integrating and developing ideas, methods, and processes to extract information from data. This includes methods built from different knowledge areas: Statistics, Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics, Information Science, and Engineering. This mixture of areas has given rise to what we call Data Science. New solutions to the new problems are reproducing rapidly to generate large volumes of data. Current and future challenges require greater care in creating new solutions that satisfy the rationality for each type of problem. Labels such as Big Data, Data Science, Machine Learning, Statistical Learning, and Artificial Intelligence are demanding more sophistication in the foundations and how they are being applied. This point highlights the importance of building the foundations of Data Science. This book is dedicated to solutions and discussions of measuring uncertainties in data analysis problems.
    Keywords: model-based clustering ; mixture model ; EM algorithm ; integrated approach ; density estimation ; distribution free ; non-parametric statistical test ; decoy distributions ; size invariance ; scaled quantile residual ; maximum entropy method ; scoring function ; outlier detection ; overfitting detection ; time series of counts ; Bayesian hierarchical modeling ; Bayesian nonparametrics ; Pitman–Yor process ; prior sensitivity ; clustering ; Bayesian forecasting ; singular spectrum analysis ; robust singular spectrum analysis ; time series forecasting ; mutual investment funds ; relative entropy ; cross-entropy ; uncertain reasoning ; inductive logic ; confirmation measure ; semantic information ; medical test ; raven paradox ; Markov random fields ; probabilistic graphical models ; multilayer networks ; objective Bayesian inference ; intrinsic prior ; variational inference ; binary probit regression ; mean-field approximation ; multi-attribute emergency decision-making ; intuitionistic fuzzy cross-entropy ; grey correlation analysis ; earthquake shelters ; attribute weights ; time series ; Bayesian inference ; hypothesis testing ; unit root ; cointegration ; Rényi entropy ; discrete Kalman filter ; continuous Kalman filter ; algebraic Riccati equation ; nonlinear differential Riccati equation ; cloud model ; fuzzy time series ; stock trend ; Heikin–Ashi candlestick ; water resources ; channel ; mathematical entropy model ; bank profile shape ; gene expression programming (GEP) ; entropy ; genetic programming ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; big data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Machine learning (ML) technologies are emerging in Mechanical Engineering, driven by the increasing availability of datasets, coupled with the exponential growth in computer performance. In fact, there has been a growing interest in evaluating the capabilities of ML algorithms to approach topics related to metal forming processes, such as: Classification, detection and prediction of forming defects; Material parameters identification; Material modelling; Process classification and selection; Process design and optimization. The purpose of this Special Issue is to disseminate state-of-the-art ML applications in metal forming processes, covering 10 papers about the abovementioned and related topics.
    Keywords: sheet metal forming ; uncertainty analysis ; metamodeling ; machine learning ; hot rolling strip ; edge defects ; intelligent recognition ; convolutional neural networks ; deep-drawing ; kriging metamodeling ; multi-objective optimization ; FE (Finite Element) AutoForm robust analysis ; defect prediction ; mechanical properties prediction ; high-dimensional data ; feature selection ; maximum information coefficient ; complex network clustering ; ring rolling ; process energy estimation ; metal forming ; thermo-mechanical FEM analysis ; artificial neural network ; aluminum alloy ; mechanical property ; UTS ; topological optimization ; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; machine learning (ML) ; press-brake bending ; air-bending ; three-point bending test ; sheet metal ; buckling instability ; oil canning ; artificial intelligence ; convolution neural network ; hot rolled strip steel ; defect classification ; generative adversarial network ; attention mechanism ; deep learning ; mechanical constitutive model ; finite element analysis ; plasticity ; parameter identification ; full-field measurements ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes 17 papers published in the Special Issue/Article Collectoin “New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas” including an editorial, 10 research papers and six review articles. Adrenal tumors represent a hot topic in contemporary endocrine oncology. Significant advancements in the genetics of genomics of these tumors have been made in recent years, and these articles give a useful and comprehensive overview of these issues. Questions regarding molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis (biomarkers) and even treatment are discussed in the papers written by international leaders of the field. Manuscripts are focused on three main topics: i. primary aldosteronism (the most common cause of secondary endocrine hypertension), ii. adrenocortical cancer and iii. pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, which are the tumors with the highest heritability in humans. The book is edited by Prof. Peter Igaz (Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University).
    Keywords: pheochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; genetics ; non-coding RNA ; malignancy ; biomarker ; treatment ; adaptive metabolism ; adrenal gland ; conn adenoma ; fatty acid metabolism ; ferroptosis ; hyperaldosteronism ; metabolic reprogramming ; β-oxidation ; PPARα ; tumor microenvironment ; Next Generation Sequencing ; hereditary cancer ; endocrine tumor syndrome ; KCNJ5 somatic mutation ; pulse wave velocity ; aldosterone-producing adenoma ; adrenalectomy ; propensity score matching ; arterial stiffness ; pheochromocytomas ; paragangliomas ; mutations ; susceptibility genes ; driver mutations ; hereditary ; germline ; somatic ; environment ; variants ; tumor suppressor genes ; metastatic ; RNAseq ; next generation sequencing ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; in silico analysis ; machine learning ; bioinformatic clustering ; biomarker prediction ; aldosterone producing adenoma ; ATP2B3 ; K416-F418delinsN mutation ; primary aldosteronism ; PPGL ; telomeres ; TERT ; ATRX ; NOP10 ; prognostic biomarker ; ALT ; phaeochromocytoma ; cancer ; mitochondrial complex II ; zebrafish ; therapy ; drug discovery ; redox balance pathway ; Vitamin C ; mitotane ; H295 strains ; microRNA ; aldosterone ; circulating ; adrenocortical ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; epidemiology ; genetic analysis ; mortality ; surveillance ; TP53 R337H ; genetic testing ; adrenocortical tumor ; neonatal screening ; screening ; adenoma ; adrenal ; tissue ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book collects important contributions on smart cities. This book was created in collaboration with the ICSC-CITIES2020, held in San José (Costa Rica) in 2020. This book collects articles on: energetic efficiency and sustainability; infrastructures, energy and the environment; mobility and IoT; governance and citizenship.
    Keywords: electric buses ; public transportation ; PV supplied sustainable transportation ; digitization ; knowledge sharing ; human resources management ; competitiveness ; Industry 4.0 ; home energy management ; Zigbee ; smart socket ; monitoring ; appliances scheduling ; urban mobility ; data analysis ; origin-destination ; ITS ; tall building ; locating criteria ; fuzzy visibility ; visual impact ; water accounting ; resource efficiencies ; virtual water trade ; Australian trade sustainability ; sustainable resource management ; governance-engineering nexus ; smart mobility ; demand responsive transport ; connected and autonomous vehicle ; Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) ; electric mobility ; shared transportation ; intelligent transportation systems ; smart city ; transportation disadvantage ; social exclusion ; Android application ; energy-efficient ; mobile ads ; gamma correction ; energy performance certificate (EPC) ; hedonic pricing method ; real estate market ; property prices ; Alicante ; DIALux ; simulation ; lighting quality ; teaching institution ; classroom lighting ; flood risk management ; measures ; approaches ; design criteria ; plans ; schemes ; hazard ; vulnerability ; risk ; expected annual damages ; direct and indirect flood losses ; computational intelligence ; image processing ; pedestrian movement patterns ; surveillance cameras ; cost–benefit analysis ; multicriteria analysis ; comparative risk assessment ; economic rent ; internal rate of return ; present value ; optimal risk point ; flood management ratio ; photovoltaic cell defect ; classifier ; artificial intelligence ; traffic congestion ; public urban transport ; daily infections by COVID-19 ; flood ; integrated flood risk management ; resilience building ; emergency planning ; disaster risk reduction ; community participation ; disaster preparedness ; environmental footprint ; cleanup ; green remediation ; renewable energy sources ; smart microgrid ; Home Assistant ; monitoring and control system ; older adults ; mobility ; systematic review ; municipal electric bike system ; electric bike-sharing ; sustainable urban transport ; travel behavior ; timetable synchronization ; public transportation planning ; mixed integer programming ; evolutionary algorithms ; real case study ; smart cities ; battery energy storage system ; dimensioning methodology ; industrial consumption ; electricity fixed term ; demand response ; smart grid ; discomfort index ; water heaters ; thermal model ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subject garnering increasing attention in both academia and the industry today. The understanding is that AI-enhanced methods and techniques create a variety of opportunities related to improving basic and advanced business functions, including production processes, logistics, financial management and others. As this collection demonstrates, AI-enhanced tools and methods tend to offer more precise results in the fields of engineering, financial accounting, tourism, air-pollution management and many more. The objective of this collection is to bring these topics together to offer the reader a useful primer on how AI-enhanced tools and applications can be of use in today’s world. In the context of the frequently fearful, skeptical and emotion-laden debates on AI and its value added, this volume promotes a positive perspective on AI and its impact on society. AI is a part of a broader ecosystem of sophisticated tools, techniques and technologies, and therefore, it is not immune to developments in that ecosystem. It is thus imperative that inter- and multidisciplinary research on AI and its ecosystem is encouraged. This collection contributes to that.
    Keywords: data mining ; decision-making system ; rough set ; mixed integer linear programming ; assembly clearance ; diesel engine quality ; Internet of things ; Wireless nodes ; Hybrid clustering ; Multi-hop routing ; Network lifetime ; Artificial intelligence ; data envelopment analysis ; decision making ; artificial intelligence ; performance ; visual analytics ; system ; air quality ; spatiotemporal ; multivariate ; dimension reduction ; clustering ; regular patterns ; anomalies ; speech recognition ; Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) ; speech output correction ; most-matching ; empirical correlations ; rheological properties ; real-time ; water-based drill-in fluid ; artificial neural network ; elastic parameters ; Poisson’s ratio ; sandstone ; self-adaptive differential evolution ; total organic carbon ; barnett shale ; devonian shale ; fishbone multilateral wells ; predictive models ; well productivity ; international research ; knowledge map visualization ; policy documents quantification ; research hotspot ; policy keyword ; minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) ; CO2 flooding ; new models ; face recognition ; security ; spoofing ; histogram of oriented gradients ; smart cities ; deep learning ; LSTM ; neural networks ; location prediction ; trajectories ; smart tourism ; static Young’s modulus ; sandstone formations ; machine learning ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Technology is changing the manufacturing world. For example, sensors are being used to track inventories from the manufacturing floor up to a retail shelf or a customer’s door. These types of interconnected systems have been called the fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, and are projected to lower manufacturing costs. As industry moves toward these integrated technologies and lower costs, engineers will need to connect these systems via the Internet of Things (IoT). These engineers will also need to design how these connected systems interact with humans. The focus of this Special Issue is the smart sensors used in these human–robot collaborations.
    Keywords: physical human-robot interaction ; game theory ; adaptive optimal control ; robot control ; tandem force sensor ; traction force sensor ; human–robot interaction ; contact task ; imitation learning ; safe physical human–robot collaboration ; collision detection ; human action recognition ; artificial intelligence ; industrial automation ; reinforcement learning ; social robotics ; human-robot interaction ; reward design ; physical embodiment ; human robot collaboration ; human robot interaction ; path planning ; bidirectional awareness ; haptic feedback device ; human machine interface ; collision identification ; collaborative robot ; deep learning ; uncertainty estimation ; knowledge distillation ; human–robot collaboration ; speed and separation monitoring ; human–machine differentiation ; thermal cameras ; protective separation distance ; collaborative robots ; motion planning ; human motion prediction ; human-following robots ; teleoperation ; high-speed image processing ; machine learning ; finger position recognition ; grasp type estimation ; human-robot collaboration ; human-centered robotics ; task planning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The Special Issue presents almost 40 papers on recent research in modeling of pyrometallurgical systems, including physical models, first-principles models, detailed CFD and DEM models as well as statistical models or models based on machine learning. The models cover the whole production chain from raw materials processing through the reduction and conversion unit processes to ladle treatment, casting, and rolling. The papers illustrate how models can be used for shedding light on complex and inaccessible processes characterized by high temperatures and hostile environment, in order to improve process performance, product quality, or yield and to reduce the requirements of virgin raw materials and to suppress harmful emissions.
    Keywords: steelmaking ; oxygen consumption ; GPR ; prediction model ; secondary refining ; water model ; mixing time ; slag entrapment ; stainless steel slag ; heating time ; Cr2O3 ; spinel ; crystal size ; processing maps ; nickel-based alloy ; flow behavior ; arrhenius equation ; hearth ; drainage ; PCA ; analysis tool ; pattern ; tapholes ; blast furnace ; coke ; carbon solution loss ; numerical simulation ; pellet pile ; Discrete Element Method ; porosity distribution ; angle of repose ; coordination number ; bubble motion ; interfacial phenomena ; entrainment ; moving path ; arsenopyrite ; arsenic removal ; mechanism ; roasting ; arsenate ; dust ash ; arsenic recovery ; titanium distribution ratio ; thermodynamic model ; ion–molecule coexistence theory ; LF refining slags ; electric arc furnace ; simulation ; process model ; COREX ; raceway zone ; gas flow ; COREX melter gasifier ; mixed charging ; burden layer structure ; burden pile width ; DEM ; burden distribution ; particle flow ; validation ; tire cord steel ; TiN inclusion ; solidification ; segregation models ; hot rolling ; TOU electricity pricing ; hot rolling planning ; genetic algorithm ; C-H2 smelting reduction furnace ; double-row side nozzles ; dimensional analysis ; multiple linear regression ; ironmaking blast furnace ; coke bed ; trickle flow ; molten slag ; liquid iron ; SPH ; charging system ; mathematical model ; radar data ; main trough ; transient fluid of hot metal and molten slag ; wall shear stress ; conjugate heat transfer ; refractory ; shape rolling ; flat rolling ; wire rod ; temperature distribution ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; BOS reactor ; copper smelting ; SKS ; Shuikoushan process ; oxygen bottom blown ; gated recurrent unit ; support vector data description ; time sequence prediction ; fault detection and identification ; Lignite ; microwave and ultrasound modification ; structural characterization ; 3D molecular model ; structural simulation ; coke combustion rate ; charcoal combustion rate ; iron ore sintering process ; biomass ; quasi-particle ; quasi-particle structure ; monomer blended fuel ; quasi-particle fuel ; apparent activation energy ; coupling effect ; dynamic model ; basic oxygen furnace ; computational fluid dynamics ; CFD–DEM ; coalescence ; settling ; funneling flow ; horizontal single belt casting process (HSBC) ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; double impingement feeding system ; supersonic coherent jet ; decarburization ; steel refining ; EAF ; CFD ; mass transfer coefficient ; physical modeling ; mathematical modeling ; kinetic models ; natural gas ; fuel injection ; combustion ; RAFT ; roll design ; flat-rolled wire ; strain inhomogeneity ; normal pressure ; macroscopic shear bands ; numerical model ; dual gas injection ; slag eye ; electrical energy consumption ; Electric Arc Furnace ; scrap melting ; statistical modeling ; raceway evolution ; raceway size ; flow pattern ; Eulerian multiphase flow ; blast furnace hearth ; dead man ; iron and slag flow ; lining wear ; hearth drainage ; Industry 4.0 ; copper smelter ; nickel-copper smelter ; radiometric sensors ; Peirce-smith converting ; matte-slag chemistry ; discrete event simulation ; adaptive finite differences ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book reprints articles from the Special Issue "Industrial Applications: New Solutions for the New Age" published online in the open-access journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This book consists of twelve published articles. This special edition belongs to the "Mechatronic and Intelligent Machines" section.
    Keywords: induction machines ; electrical machines ; vector control ; SVPWM modulation ; frequency inverter ; artificial intelligence ; photovoltaics ; fault detection ; machine learning ; operation and maintenance ; renewable energy ; water-in-crude oil emulsion ; water content ; ultrasound ; propagation velocity ; exoskeletons ; test bench ; industry ; benchmarking ; microgrid model-based systems engineering ; service systems ; goal-oriented requirements engineering ; safety instrumented system ; ventricular assist device Bayesian network ; Petri net ; control strategy ; UAV ; fuzzy ; PID controller ; ROS ; Industry 4.0 ; database ; data models ; big data and analytics ; asset administration shell ; MLOps ; digital twin ; IoT ; prediction ; coordinate metrology ; optical scanning ; noise reduction ; digital manufacturing ; integrated inspection system ; data analytics ; uncertainty ; convolutional neural networks ; warehouse management ; image classification ; ensemble learning ; synthetic data ; depth image ; electrical maintenance ; COVID-19 ; thermography ; fever ; computer vision ; intelligent systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the world as we know it. Recent advances are enabling people, companies, and governments to envision and experiment with new methods of interacting with computers and modifying how virtual and physical processes are carried out. One of the fields in which this transformation is taking place is education. After years of witnessing the incorporation of technological innovations into learning/teaching processes, we can currently observe many new research works involving AI. Moreover, there has been increasing interest in this research area after the COVID-19 pandemic, driven toward fostering digital education. Among recent research in this field, AI applications have been applied to enhance educational experiences, studies have considered the interaction between AI and humans while learning, analyses of educational data have been conducted, including using machine learning techniques, and proposals have been presented for new paradigms mediated by intelligent agents. This book, entitled “AI in Education”, aims to highlight recent research in the field of AI and education. The included works discuss new advances in methods, applications, and procedures to enhance educational processes via artificial intelligence and its subfields (machine learning, neural networks, deep learning, cognitive computing, natural language processing, computer vision, etc.).
    Keywords: performance measurement ; key performance indicators ; educational data mining ; institutes performance ; governance ; educational mining ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; decision support systems ; systematic literature review ; learning styles ; hybrid university teaching ; e-behaviour ; big five personality ; student performance ; plagiarism ; ethics ; academic dishonesty ; online education ; higher education ; AS&P model ; Pakistan ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Breast cancer is acknowledged as an international priority in healthcare. It is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide, with demographic trends indicating a continuous increase in incidence. Over the years, increasing efforts and resources have been devoted to the search for a systematic and optimized strategy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Today, the Breast Unit model is considered the gold standard in order to ensure optimal patient-centered and research-based clinical services through multidisciplinary and integrated management.Surgical treatment has gradually evolved toward less aggressive approaches with the adoption of new therapeutic strategies. The evolution of evidence-based guidelines in such leading disciplines as radiation and medical oncology has led to a steady improvement in survival rates. This Special Issue will highlight innovations in the integrated management of breast cancer, their potential advantages, and the many open issues that still need to be properly defined and addressed.
    Keywords: metastatic breast cancer ; breast surgery ; immune system ; metabolic derangements ; precision medicine ; integrated therapies ; advanced breast cancer ; mTOR inhibitor ; CDK4/6 inhibitor ; endocrine resistance ; breast cancer ; pregnancy ; chemotherapy ; tailoring ; personalization ; DataMart ; real world data ; predictive model ; healthcare ; breast-conserving surgery ; non-palpable breast lesions ; image-guided localization ; preoperative breast localization ; breast ultrasound ; large database ; standardized data collection ; networks ; nipple-sparing mastectomy ; immediate breast reconstruction ; acellular dermal matrix (ADM) ; aesthetic and oncological outcomes ; quality of life ; rare breast cancer ; osteoclast-like giant cells ; gene profiling ; Oncotype Dx ; adjuvant treatment ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; sentinel lymph node ; systemic treatment ; locally advanced breast cancer ; mini-invasive treatment ; liver metastases ; hepatic surgery ; personalized medicine ; sarcopenia ; physical performance ; frailty ; older cancer patients ; clinical trial ; patient enrollment ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; lung cancer ; oncology ; web app ; conventional CT and CT angiography ; DIEP flap planning ; multidisciplinary treatment ; evidence-based medicine ; personalized treatment ; oncological outcomes ; patient quality of life ; normal breast ; breast pathology ; hormone receptor ; hormone expression ; lymphedema ; lymphaticovenous anastomosis ; vascularized lymph node transfer ; lymphatic microsurgery ; radiotherapy ; oligometastatic breast cancer ; locoregional therapy ; CDK4/6 inhibitors ; multidisciplinary ; AMH ; ovarian reserve ; pregnancy desire ; subtypes breast cancer ; miRNAs ; breast cancer treatment ; next-generation-sequencing ; target therapy ; old age ; survival ; vitamin D ; ductal breast cancer ; in situ breast cancer ; lobular breast cancer ; histology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The penetration of distributed generation, energy storages and smart loads has resulted in the emergence of prosumers: entities capable of adjusting their electricity production and consumption in order to meet environmental goals and to participate profitably in the available electricity markets. Significant untapped potential remains in the exploitation and coordination of small and medium-sized distributed energy resources. However, such resources usually have a primary purpose, which imposes constraints on the exploitation of the resource; for example, the primary purpose of an electric vehicle battery is for driving, so the battery could be used as temporary storage for excess photovoltaic energy only if the vehicle is available for driving when the owner expects it to be. The aggregation of several distributed energy resources is a solution for coping with the unavailability of one resource. Solutions are needed for managing the electricity production and consumption characteristics of diverse distributed energy resources in order to obtain prosumers with more generic capabilities and services for electricity production, storage, and consumption. This collection of articles studies such prosumers and the emergence of prosumer communities. Demand response-capable smart loads, battery storages and photovoltaic generation resources are forecasted and optimized to ensure energy-efficient and, in some cases, profitable operation of the resources.
    Keywords: power-to-heat ; sector coupling ; thermal storage ; district heat ; deep well heat pump ; hierarchical agglomerative clustering ; chronology ; demand response ; two-capacity building model ; residential users ; flexible loads shifting scenarios ; community of prosumers ; new consumption peak ; shared PV plant ; storage batteries ; load factor ; real-time pricing ; prosumers ; electricity price forecasting ; particle swarm optimization ; renewable energy ; peer-to-peer ; electricity market ; economic dispatch ; consensus + innovations ; distributed energy resources ; battery ; reinforcement learning ; simulation ; frequency reserve ; frequency containment reserve ; timescale ; artificial intelligence ; real-time ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book compiles a set of original and innovative papers included in the Special Issue on UAVs for vegetation monitoring, which proves the wide scope of UAVs in very diverse vegetation applications, both in agricultural and forestry scenarios, ranging from the characterization of relevant vegetation features to the detection of plant or crop stressors. New methods and techniques are developed and applied to diverse vegetation scenarios to meet the main challenge of sustainability.
    Keywords: UAS ; UAV ; vegetation cover ; multispectral ; land cover ; forest ; Acacia ; Indonesia ; tropics ; vegetation ground cover ; vegetation indices ; agro-environmental measures ; olive groves ; southern Spain ; sUAS ; water stress ; ornamental ; container-grown ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; deep learning ; neural network ; visual recognition ; precision agriculture ; canopy cover ; image analysis ; crop mapping ; evapotranspiration (ET) ; GRAPEX ; remote sensing ; Two Source Energy Balance model (TSEB) ; contextual spatial domain/resolution ; data aggregation ; eddy covariance (EC) ; Fusarium wilt ; crop disease ; banana ; multispectral remote sensing ; purple rapeseed leaves ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; U-Net ; plant segmentation ; nitrogen stress ; Glycine max ; RGB ; canopy height ; close remote sensing ; growth model ; curve fitting ; NDVI ; solar zenith angle ; flight altitude ; time of day ; operating parameters ; CNN ; Faster RCNN ; SSD ; Inception v2 ; patch-based CNN ; MobileNet v2 ; detection performance ; inference time ; disease detection ; cotton root rot ; plant-level ; single-plant ; plant-by-plant ; classification ; UAV remote sensing ; crop monitoring ; RGB imagery ; multispectral imagery ; century-old biochar ; semantic segmentation ; random forest ; crop canopy ; multispectral image ; chlorophyll content ; remote sensing technique ; individual plant segmentation ; plant detection ; transfer learning ; maize tassel ; tassel branch number ; convolution neural network ; VGG16 ; plant nitrogen estimation ; vegetation index ; image segmentation ; transpiration ; method comparison ; oil palm ; multiple linear regression ; support vector machine ; artificial neural network ; UAV hyperspectral ; wheat yellow rust ; disease monitoring ; texture ; spatial resolution ; RGB camera ; thermal camera ; drought tolerance ; forage grass ; HSV ; CIELab ; broad-sense heritability ; phenotyping gap ; high throughput field phenotyping ; UAV digital images ; winter wheat biomass ; multiscale textures ; red-edge spectra ; least squares support vector machine ; variable importance ; drone ; hyperspectral ; thermal ; nutrient deficiency ; weed detection ; disease diagnosis ; plant trails ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This Special Issue, entitled "Women in Artificial Intelligence" includes 17 papers from leading women scientists. The papers cover a broad scope of research areas within Artificial Intelligence, including machine learning, perception, reasoning or planning, among others. The papers have applications to relevant fields, such as human health, finance, or education. It is worth noting that the Issue includes three papers that deal with different aspects of gender bias in Artificial Intelligence. All the papers have a woman as the first author. We can proudly say that these women are from countries worldwide, such as France, Czech Republic, United Kingdom, Australia, Bangladesh, Yemen, Romania, India, Cuba, Bangladesh and Spain. In conclusion, apart from its intrinsic scientific value as a Special Issue, combining interesting research works, this Special Issue intends to increase the invisibility of women in AI, showing where they are, what they do, and how they contribute to developments in Artificial Intelligence from their different places, positions, research branches and application fields. We planned to issue this book on the on Ada Lovelace Day (11/10/2022), a date internationally dedicated to the first computer programmer, a woman who had to fight the gender difficulties of her times, in the XIX century. We also thank the publisher for making this possible, thus allowing for this book to become a part of the international activities dedicated to celebrating the value of women in ICT all over the world. With this book, we want to pay homage to all the women that contributed over the years to the field of AI.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; computer-aided diagnosis ; computed tomography ; lung cancer ; deep learning ; lung nodule detection ; lung nodule segmentation ; convolutional neural network ; cellular automaton ; reconstruction ; complexity ; optimization ; high energy physics ; Reddit ; user-based model ; polarization ; local search optimization ; hate speech ; hate spread ; countermeasures ; social networks ; opinion diffusion ; education ; deferring hate content ; cyber activism ; classical Arabic ; short vowels ; audio dataset ; convolutional neural networks ; regularization ; machine learning ; segmentation ; clustering ; forecasting ; book copies ; publishing industry ; gamification ; adaptive gamification ; player types ; computational finance ; fuzzy logic ; membership function ; Type-1 fuzzy sets ; T1FLS ; Type-2 fuzzy sets ; T2FLS ; women ; research ; CURE ; hierarchical clustering ; cluster validity indices ; Calinski–Harabasz index ; bootstrapping ; Industry 4.0 ; 3D printing ; cognitive states ; mental workload ; EEG analysis ; neural networks ; multimodal data fusion ; peer assessment ; multiagent system ; probabilistic model ; comparative analysis ; Bayesian network ; Artificial Intelligence ; urban water cycle ; hydrosocial urban cycle ; urban political ecology ; gender gap ; equity ; explainable AI ; fuzzy rules ; dominance-based rough set approach ; diabetic retinopathy ; AI ; disease surveillance ; pandemics ; global public health ; ethics ; data ; missing datasets ; data-driven studies ; women in artificial intelligence ; women in data science ; women in STEM ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This reprint presents advances in operation and maintenance in solar plants, wind farms and microgrids. This compendium of scientific articles will help clarify the current advances in this subject, so it is expected that it will please the reader.
    Keywords: wind turbine ; electric generator ; spectral analysis ; fault diagnosis ; photovoltaic power forecasting ; data-driven ; deep learning ; variational autoencoders ; RNN ; angle swinging ; grid frequency oscillations ; electromechanical system ; inertial masses ; microgrids ; coordination protection ; distributed generation ; photovoltaic resources ; DigSILENT ; photovoltaic module ; defect detection ; power plant ; efficiency ; thermal image ; photovoltaic aging ; dark I-V curves ; bidirectional power inverter ; online distributed measurement of dark I-V curves ; sustainability ; compressive strength ; Bolomey formula ; sustainable concrete ; glass powder ; solar cell ; solar panel ; parameter extraction ; analytical ; Lambert W-function ; spacecraft solar panels ; I-V curve ; modeling ; wind power ; non-conventional renewable energy ; forecasting ; energy bands ; combinatorial optimization ; deep learning (DL) ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; photovoltaic (PV) systems ; image-processing ; image segmentation ; semantic segmentation ; faults diagnostic ; artificial intelligence ; unbalanced datasets ; synthetic data ; artificial neural network based MPPT ; hybrid boost converter ; renewable energies ; solar power system ; microgrid ; control system ; storage system ; primary control ; photovoltaic (PV) plants ; coverage path planning (CPP) ; corrosion monitoring ; FPGA ; offshore wind turbines ; ultrasound ; thickness loss ; SCADA ; visualisation ; software ; wind-turbine ; windfarm ; cross-platform ; HMI ; GUI ; corrosion ; monitoring ; photovoltaic systems ; expected energy models ; fleet-scale ; lasso regression ; performance modeling ; machine learning ; fault location in photovoltaic arrays ; failure modes simulation ; fault detection criterion ; adaptive protection ; distributed power generation ; power distribution ; power system protection ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This book is a reprint of the Special Issue entitled "The Artificial Intelligence in Digital Pathology and Digital Radiology: Where Are We?". Artificial intelligence is extending into the world of both digital radiology and digital pathology, and involves many scholars in the areas of biomedicine, technology, and bioethics. There is a particular need for scholars to focus on both the innovations in this field and the problems hampering integration into a robust and effective process in stable health care models in the health domain. Many professionals involved in these fields of digital health were encouraged to contribute with their experiences. This book contains contributions from various experts across different fields. Aspects of the integration in the health domain have been faced. Particular space was dedicated to overviewing the challenges, opportunities, and problems in both radiology and pathology. Clinal deepens are available in cardiology, the hystopathology of breast cancer, and colonoscopy. Dedicated studies were based on surveys which investigated students and insiders, opinions, attitudes, and self-perception on the integration of artificial intelligence in this field.
    Keywords: n/a ; eHealth ; medical devices ; mHealth ; digital radiology ; picture archive and communication system ; artificial intelligence ; electronic surveys ; chest CT ; chest radiography ; AI ; radiology ; awareness ; radiographers ; radiologists ; e-health ; m-health ; digital-pathology ; cytology ; histology ; diagnostic pathology ; breast cancer ; bibliometric analysis ; healthcare ; medical imaging ; VOSviewer ; digital-radiology ; artificial-intelligence ; acceptance ; consensus ; information technology ; cardiology ; imaging ; cervical cancer screening ; colposcopy ; deep learning ; machine learning ; medical students ; perceptions ; digitization in medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: As faster and more efficient numerical algorithms become available, the understanding of the physics and the mathematical foundation behind these new methods will play an increasingly important role. This Special Issue provides a platform for researchers from both academia and industry to present their novel computational methods that have engineering and physics applications.
    Keywords: radial basis functions ; finite difference methods ; traveling waves ; non-uniform grids ; chaotic oscillator ; one-step method ; multi-step method ; computer arithmetic ; FPGA ; high strain rate impact ; modeling and simulation ; smoothed particle hydrodynamics ; finite element analysis ; hybrid nanofluid ; heat transfer ; non-isothermal ; shrinking surface ; MHD ; radiation ; multilayer perceptrons ; quaternion neural networks ; metaheuristic optimization ; genetic algorithms ; micropolar fluid ; constricted channel ; MHD pulsatile flow ; strouhal number ; flow pulsation parameter ; multiple integral finite volume method ; finite difference method ; Rosenau-KdV ; conservation ; solvability ; convergence ; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ; convolutional neural networks (CNN) ; anomaly detection ; principal component analysis (PCA) ; machine learning ; deep learning ; neural networks ; Gallium-Arsenide (GaAs) ; radiation-based flowmeter ; two-phase flow ; feature extraction ; artificial intelligence ; time domain ; Boltzmann equation ; collision integral ; convolutional neural network ; annular regime ; scale layer-independent ; petroleum pipeline ; volume fraction ; dual energy technique ; prescribed heat flux ; similarity solutions ; dual solutions ; stability analysis ; RBF-FD ; node sampling ; lebesgue constant ; complex regions ; finite-difference methods ; data assimilation ; model order reduction ; finite elements analysis ; high dimensional data ; welding ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The landscape of minimally invasive urological intervention is changing. A lot of new innovations and technological developments have happened over the last 3 decades. Laparoscopy and robotic surgery have revolutionised kidney and prostate cancer treatment, with more minimally invasive procedures now being carried out than ever before. At the same time, technological advancements and the use of laser have changed the face of endourology. Several new innovative treatments are now commonplace for benign prostate enlargement (BPE). Management of prostate cancer now involves procedures such as robotic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy and HIFU. Robotic partial nephrectomy and cryotherapy have changed the face of renal cancer. En-bloc resection of bladder cancer is challenging the traditional management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and becoming commonplace, while robotic cystectomy is also gaining popularity for muscle invasive bladder cancer. Newer surgical intervention related to BPE includes laser (holmium, thulium and green light), water-based treatment (Rezum, Aquablation) and other minimally invasive procedures such as prostate artery embolisation (PAE) and Urolift. Endourological procedures have incorporated newer laser types and settings such as moses technology, disposable ureteroscopes (URS) and minimisation of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) instruments. All these technological innovations and improvements have led to shorter hospital stay, reduced cost, potential reduction in complications and improvement in the quality of life (QoL).
    Keywords: partial nephrectomy ; single site surgery ; sutureless ; CEUS ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; renal ultrasound ; image quality ; small renal mass (3–5) ; kidney stones ; metabolic syndrome ; urolithiasis ; nephrolithiasis ; kidney calculi ; diabetes mellitus ; acute kidney injury ; percutaneous nephrolithotomy ; urology ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; urinary incontinence ; kidney stone disease ; fertility ; reproductive urology ; renal cell carcinoma ; hydronephrosis ; urinary reflux ; endourology ; pediatric urology ; prostate cancer ; bladder cancer ; nephrostomy ; quality of life ; survival ; decision making ; ureteroscopy ; laser ; RIRS ; Moses ; holmium ; mineral water ; mineral composition ; drinking water ; still water ; sparkling water ; Ho:YAG laser ; thulium fiber laser ; laser fiber ; lithotripsy ; chronic prostatitis ; chronic pelvic pain syndrome ; extracorporeal shockwave therapy ; ESWT ; NIH-CPSI ; EHS ; IIEF-5 ; QoL ; urosepsis ; laser lithotripsy ; predictor factors ; PCNL ; renal tumour ; AI ; TFL ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MN Surgery
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: An economic development model analyzes the adoption of alternative strategy capable of leveraging the economy, based essentially on RES. The combination of wind turbine, PV installation with new technology battery energy storage, DSM network and RES forecasting algorithms maximizes RES integration in isolated islands. An innovative model of power system (PS) imbalances is presented, which aims to capture various features of the stochastic behavior of imbalances and to reduce in average reserve requirements and PS risk. Deep learning techniques for medium-term wind speed and solar irradiance forecasting are presented, using for first time a specific cloud index. Scalability-replicability of the FLEXITRANSTORE technology innovations integrates hardware-software solutions in all areas of the transmission system and the wholesale markets, promoting increased RES. A deep learning and GIS approach are combined for the optimal positioning of wave energy converters. An innovative methodology to hybridize battery-based energy storage using supercapacitors for smoother power profile, a new control scheme and battery degradation mechanism and their economic viability are presented. An innovative module-level photovoltaic (PV) architecture in parallel configuration is introduced maximizing power extraction under partial shading. A new method for detecting demagnetization faults in axial flux permanent magnet synchronous wind generators is presented. The stochastic operating temperature (OT) optimization integrated with Markov Chain simulation ascertains a more accurate OT for guiding the coal gasification practice.
    Keywords: entrained flow coal gasification ; ash melting point ; operation temperature ; Markov process ; stochastic optimization model ; genetic algorithm ; gallium nitride ; magnetic-free converters ; module-level converters ; parallel architecture ; partial shading ; photovoltaic systems ; switched capacitor converters ; hybrid energy storage system ; supercapacitor ; lead–acid battery ; energy management system ; battery degradation ; depth of discharge ; techno-economic analysis ; hybrid power station ; green island ; energy storage ; remote community ; reserves ; k-means ; probabilistic dimensioning ; dynamic dimensioning ; balancing ; wave energy converters ; deep neural networks ; renewable energy sources ; spatial planning ; sentinel satellite imagery ; permanent magnet synchronous machines ; generators ; fault detection ; demagnetization ; artificial intelligence ; data mining ; machine learning ; advanced deep learning ; windspeed forecasting ; solar irradiation forecasting ; increased RES penetration ; smart grid ; scalability ; replicability ; FLEXITRANSTORE ; Angolan economy ; diversification ; strategic alternative ; biofuels ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The reprint “Land Administration 2.0” is an extension of the previous reprint “Remote Sensing for Land Administration”, another Special Issue in Remote Sensing. This reprint unpacks the responsible use and integration of emerging remote sensing techniques into the domain of land administration, including land registration, cadastre, land use planning, land valuation, land taxation, and land development. The title was chosen as “Land Administration 2.0” in reference to both this Special Issue being the second volume on the topic “Land Administration” and the next-generation requirements of land administration including demands for 3D, indoor, underground, real-time, high-accuracy, lower-cost, and interoperable land data and information.
    Keywords: UAV ; cadastral mapping ; data quality ; geometric accuracy ; impact assessment ; ground control points ; feature extraction ; flight plan ; image segmentation ; deep-learning ; building outlines ; cadastre modernization ; FCN ; high-resolution aerial orthoimages ; LiDAR data ; remote sensing ; land tenure ; land administration ; geospatially informed analysis ; knowledge co-production ; land ; visible boundary ; deep learning ; neural network ; classification ; building footprint extraction ; cadastre ; change detection ; VHR aerial images ; property valuation ; property taxation ; photogrammetry ; aerial imagery ; HRSI ; lidar ; artificial intelligence ; cadastral survey ; detail survey ; handheld LiDAR scanner ; calibration ; LiDAR system ; segmentation ; edge detection ; agricultural land boundary ; LiDAR ; automated feature extraction ; cadaster ; land registration ; land use planning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: The latest proliferation of Internet of Things deployments and edge computing combined with artificial intelligence has led to new exciting application scenarios, where embedded digital devices are essential enablers. Moreover, new powerful and efficient devices are appearing to cope with workloads formerly reserved for the cloud, such as deep learning. These devices allow processing close to where data are generated, avoiding bottlenecks due to communication limitations. The efficient integration of hardware, software and artificial intelligence capabilities deployed in real sensing contexts empowers the edge intelligence paradigm, which will ultimately contribute to the fostering of the offloading processing functionalities to the edge. In this Special Issue, researchers have contributed nine peer-reviewed papers covering a wide range of topics in the area of edge intelligence. Among them are hardware-accelerated implementations of deep neural networks, IoT platforms for extreme edge computing, neuro-evolvable and neuromorphic machine learning, and embedded recommender systems.
    Keywords: high-level synthesis ; HLS ; SDSoC ; support vector machines ; SVM ; code refactoring ; Zynq ; ZedBoard ; extreme edge ; embedded edge computing ; internet of things deployment ; hardware design ; IoT security ; Contiki-NG ; trustability ; embedded systems ; collaborative filtering ; recommender systems ; parallelism ; reconfigurable hardware ; neuroevolution ; block-based neural network ; dynamic and partial reconfiguration ; scalability ; reinforcement learning ; embedded system ; artificial intelligence ; hardware acceleration ; neuromorphic processor ; power consumption ; harsh environment ; fog computing ; edge computing ; cloud computing ; IoT gateway ; LoRa ; WiFi ; low power consumption ; low latency ; flexible ; smart port ; quantisation ; evolutionary algorithm ; neural network ; FPGA ; Movidius VPU ; 2D graphics accelerator ; line-drawing ; Bresenham’s algorithm ; alpha-blending ; anti-aliasing ; field-programmable gate array ; deep learning ; performance estimation ; Gaussian process ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book presents some of the latest available information on automated ECG analysis written by many of the leading researchers in the field. It contains a historical introduction, an outline of the latest international standards for signal processing and communications and then an exciting variety of studies on electrophysiological modelling, ECG Imaging, artificial intelligence applied to resting and ambulatory ECGs, body surface mapping, big data in ECG based prediction, enhanced reliability of patient monitoring, and atrial abnormalities on the ECG. It provides an extremely valuable contribution to the field.
    Keywords: electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) ; heart failure (HF) ; cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) ; ultrasound ; strain ; speckle tracking echocardiography ; in silico ; electrophysiology ; electrocardiogram ; ECG ; cardiac disease ; arrhythmia ; ischemia ; standardization ; computerized ECG ; personalized medicine ; telemedicine ; digital ECG data interchange protocol ; eHealth ; ECG equipment ; computerized electrocardiograph ; ECG analysis algorithms ; computerized ECG interpretation ; interatrial block ; partial interatrial block ; advanced interatrial block ; atypical patterns ; electrocardiogram (ECG) ; automated ECG analysis ; CSE study ; age ; sex ; race ; historical aspects ; electronic cohort ; mortality ; big data ; telehealth ; alarm fatigue ; annotation of ECG data ; arrhythmia alarms ; intensive care unit ; patient monitoring ; ambulatory ECG ; machine learning ; deep learning ; pattern recognition ; noise reduction ; Holter ECG ; ECG interpretation ; artificial intelligence ; body surface mapping ; electrocardiographic imaging ; image processing ; clinical applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: The current Special Issue is a synthetic overview of 21 published articles. The contact point of architecture–art–engineering is multidimensional, and therefore, this synthesis of works takes into account three criteria: (a) research subject indication, (b) research problem identification, and (c) sublimation of the research techniques and instrumentality used. Research problems, scientific values, and utility values have been highlighted. This synthetic tripartite is intended to make it easier for the reader to find an interesting subject and instrumentality. As the topics of the articles overlap, guided by the dominant values of each article, five subject groups have been sublimated. These are: structural aspects and design, digitization, architectural heritage, aesthetics and emotions vs. engineering, and interior architecture. The characteristic values of each subject group are presented. The indicated new design and research tools do not separate but combine the subject industries; they connect the entities of the investment process.
    Keywords: cable-driven parallel robot ; construction robot ; cost–benefit analysis ; curtain wall modules ; economic evaluation ; facade installation ; contemporary architecture in historical context ; archetype ; bourgeois tenement house ; cultural heritage ; symbolic building ; corten plates ; tilted walls ; winter garden ; room acoustics ; reverberation time ; flutter echo ; art ; construction engineering ; cubature architecture ; design method ; design paradigms ; brutalist architecture ; odeons ; buildings ; membranes ; canopies ; sustainable environment ; open culture ; spaces ; evolution ; adaptation ; acoustics ; architecture ; interior design ; advanced building techniques ; interior components ; aesthetic functionalism ; sensorial experiences ; decline of architects ; future of designing ; computers control ; algorithms ; artificial intelligence ; digital simulation ; buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort ; urban neighborhoods ; UTCI ; conoid ; ellipse ; calculus of surface areas ; number psi ; number Pi ; parametric design ; modern architecture in East Asia ; architectural design ; László Hudec ; Antonin Raymond ; innovative architectural projects ; space syntax ; Asian traditions ; computational design ; corridors ; energy performance ; environmental behavior ; grasshopper ; Islamic pattern ; University of Sharjah ; visual comfort ; composition ; aesthetics ; multi-family housing ; Poland ; preferences ; color scheme ; elderly with depression ; color preference ; residential space ; interior experience ; multi-sensory experience ; movement ; sensory body ; emotion ; materiality ; creative thinking ; design studio ; design education ; design research ; bibliometric ; temporary installation ; architecture and structure ; structural design ; graphic statics ; lightweight structure ; global warming ; carbon neutrality ; energy use ; sustainable development ; Solar Decathlon China ; historic buildings ; public art ; sustainability value ; case studies and projects ; apparent destruction ; entropy ; technical durability ; aesthetical longevity ; glass ; glass structures ; structural glass ; glass pavilions ; glass extensions ; glass links ; informal learning space (ILS) ; visual perception analysis ; wearable eye tracker ; optimal design and verification ; building engineering ; research methods ; synthesis ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has spread worldwide from the beginning of 2020. The infection is mostly asymptomatic but some patients may develop COVID‑19 (coronavirus disease 2019) with a severe or critical course leading to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. Apart from the virus‑related damage of the lungs, pathomechanism of the disease seems to be linked to thromboembolism and inflammation accompanied by overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, termed a cytokine storm, responsible for multiorgan damage and death. Since the development of a new therapeutic molecule, dedicated strictly to a particular virus is time‑consuming, physicians and scientists have started to test and repurpose old medications. Unfortunately, after one year of pandemics, there is still a lack of optimal therapy and no clear indicators of recovery. A major issue is also insufficient knowledge on predictors of the severe or deadly course of the disease, which could also help to switch from one therapeutic option to another. Due to many gaps still existing in the management of COVID-19, there is a need for the accumulation of new data particularly from real-world experience, which could be applicable to practice guidelines. The objective of this special issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine is to provide an update on the mangement for the diagnostic workup and pharmacotherapy of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; interleukin-6 ; tocilizumab ; therapy ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; cytokines ; severity ; prognosis ; mortality ; kidney failure ; rapid diagnostic test ; antigen detection ; Cytomegalovirus ; co-infections ; critical care ; liver markers ; inflammation ; morbidity ; personalized medicine ; liver functional tests ; COVID-19 pneumonia ; meta-analysis ; trial sequential analysis ; children ; clinical presentation ; coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ; epidemiology ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ; clinical outcome ; symptomatology ; pandemic ; angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R) ; AT1R concentration ; angiotensin II ; symptoms’ severity ; diagnosis ; artificial intelligence ; medical imaging ; systematic umbrella review ; methodological credibility ; PCR test ; COVID-19 diagnosis ; Charlson Comorbidities Index ; cluster analysis ; longitudinal cluster ; individualized management ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue aims to attract the latest research and findings in the design, development and experimentation of healthcare-related technologies. This includes, but is not limited to, using novel sensing, imaging, data processing, machine learning, and artificially intelligent devices and algorithms to assist/monitor the elderly, patients, and the disabled population.
    Keywords: tremor ; essential tremor ; ataxia ; finger–nose–finger test ; H&E ; decellularization ; liver ; tissue engineering ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; segmentation ; lung ; CT image ; U-Net ; ResNet-34 ; BConvLSTM ; magnetic resonance images ; brain tissue segmentation ; multi-scale feature learning ; multi-branch pooling ; multi-branch dense prediction ; multi-branch output ; delay-and-sum (DAS) ; delay-multiply-and-sum (DMAS) ; signal coherence ; power doppler detection ; plane-wave (PW) imaging ; complementary subset transmit (CST) ; coherent plane-wave compounding (CPWC) ; robotic cell manipulation ; mechanical properties ; elasticity measurement ; viscosity measurement ; cell mechanics ; hemoglobin sensor ; bladder irrigation monitor ; absorption near infrared ; artificial intelligence ; bubble detection ; exercise ; EEG ; EMG ; ECG ; brain activity ; age ; exercise habit ; tinnitus ; auditory discrimination therapy ; EEG evaluation ; event-related synchronization ; event-related desynchronization ; convolutional neural network ; image registration ; cycle constraint ; multimodal features ; self-supervision ; rigid alignment ; magnetic resonance fingerprinting ; echo-planar imaging ; T1 and T2* relaxation times ; denoising convolutional neural network ; self-attention ; feature pyramid network ; image processing ; object detection ; blind ; braille system ; 3D body shapes ; body weights and measures ; postpartum period ; pregnancy period ; anthropometry ; machine learning ; vital sign ; invasive blood pressure ; feature engineering ; hypotension ; arterial hypotension ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book collects the publications of the special Topic Scientific advances in STEM: from Professor to students. The aim is to contribute to the advancement of the Science and Engineering fields and their impact on the industrial sector, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. University generates and transmits knowledge to serve society. Social demands continuously evolve, mainly because of cultural, scientific, and technological development. Researchers must contextualize the subjects they investigate to their application to the local industry and community organizations, frequently using a multidisciplinary point of view, to enhance the progress in a wide variety of fields (aeronautics, automotive, biomedical, electrical and renewable energy, communications, environmental, electronic components, etc.). Most investigations in the fields of science and engineering require the work of multidisciplinary teams, representing a stockpile of research projects in different stages (final year projects, master’s or doctoral studies). In this context, this Topic offers a framework for integrating interdisciplinary research, drawing together experimental and theoretical contributions in a wide variety of fields.
    Keywords: solar energy applications ; additive manufacturing ; coatings ; functional materials ; tribological and mechanical behavior ; bio residues ; biopolymer ; computer architecture ; artificial intelligence ; smart cities ; energy forecasting ; food ; sustainable cities and industries ; life cycle assessment ; emerging pollutants ; porous materials ; cellular and bacterial behavior ; powder technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: It is important to prevent and manage the frailty of the elderly because their muscle strength and physical activity decrease in old age, making them prone to falling, depression, and social isolation. In the end, they need to be admitted to a hospital or a nursing home. When successful aging fails and motor ability declines due to illness, malnutrition, or reduced activity, frailty eventually occurs. Once frailty occurs, people with frailty do not have the power to exercise or the power to move. The functions of the heart and muscles are deteriorated more rapidly when they are not used. Consequently, frailty goes through a vicious cycle. As one’s physical fitness is deteriorated, the person has less power to exercise, poorer cognitive functions, and inferior nutrition intake. Consequently, the whole body of the person deteriorates. Therefore, in addition to observational studies to identify risk factors for preventing aging, various intervention studies have been conducted to develop exercise programs and apply them to communities, hospitals, and nursing homes for helping the elderly maintain healthy lives. Until now, most aging studies have focused on physical frailty. However, social frailty and cognitive frailty affect senile health negatively just as much as physical frailty. Nevertheless, little is known about social frailty and cognitive frailty. This special issue includes original experimental studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis studies on the prevention of senescence (physical senescence, cognitive senescence, social senescence), high-risk group detection, differentiation, and intervention.
    Keywords: brain stimulation ; dementia ; meta-analysis ; naming ; primary progressive aphasia ; qualitative evaluation ; cognitive function ; data mining ; Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment ; random forest ; neuropsychological test ; motoric cognitive risk syndrome ; fall ; gait speed ; three-item recall ; older adults ; mixing ability ; color-changing chewing gum ; frailty ; cross-sectional study ; spousal concordance ; aging ; aged ; accidental falls ; pain ; mild cognitive impairment ; depressive symptoms ; frailty profiles ; latent class analysis ; quality of life ; perceived health ; frailty syndrome ; physiotherapy ; exercise ; mood ; BDI ; STAI ; SWLS ; muscle strength ; community-dwelling older adults ; physical frailty ; prevalence ; risk factors ; non-robust ; FRAIL scale ; Tilburg Frailty Indicator ; determinants ; community-based ; sleep quality ; middle-aged and older adults ; SUNFRAIL ; psychometric properties ; screening tool ; social isolation ; social networks ; social support ; social participation ; Parkinson’s disease dementia ; instrumental activities of daily living ; clinical dementia rating ; convergence rate ; neuropsychological tests ; neuropsychiatric symptoms ; explainable artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; stacking ensemble ; Self-Rating Anxiety Scale ; multiple risk factors ; fall assessment sheet ; elderly patients ; hospitalization ; risk management ; driving cessation ; meaningful activities ; psychosomatic functions ; physical functional performance ; nursing homes ; physical fitness ; gait analysis ; indicators ; screening ; artificial intelligence ; healthcare ; frail ; Baduanjin ; strength training ; endurance training ; Explainable Artificial Intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Current trends in Industry 4.0 are largely related to issues of reliability and availability. As a result of these trends and the complexity of engineering systems, research and development in this area needs to focus on new solutions in the integration of intelligent machines or systems, with an emphasis on changes in production processes aimed at increasing production efficiency or equipment reliability. The emergence of innovative technologies and new business models based on innovation, cooperation networks, and the enhancement of endogenous resources is assumed to be a strong contribution to the development of competitive economies all around the world. Innovation and engineering, focused on sustainability, reliability, and availability of resources, have a key role in this context. The scope of this Special Issue is closely associated to that of the ICIE’2020 conference. This conference and journal’s Special Issue is to present current innovations and engineering achievements of top world scientists and industrial practitioners in the thematic areas related to reliability and risk assessment, innovations in maintenance strategies, production process scheduling, management and maintenance or systems analysis, simulation, design and modelling.
    Keywords: Quality check ; bike frame ; mathematical model ; graphical user interface ; risk management ; safety assurance ; medical parallel robot ; robotic assisted cancer treatment ; risk performance reasoning ; hidden Markov model ; Handy bauxite carrier ; process safety ; performance evaluation ; safety ; coupling correlation ; risk assessment ; multi-dimensional theory ; precision steel tape ; tape transportation ; roller-tape interactions ; roller-tape contact pair ; reliability ; truck unloading system ; petroleum equipment ; preventive maintenance ; cork–rubber composites ; compression ; apparent compression modulus ; Young’s modulus ; bonded condition ; importance measure ; cost ; inventory systems ; air compression system ; nitrogen generation system ; utility module ; availability ; sensitivity analysis ; predictive maintenance ; Industry 4.0 ; Internet of Things ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; maintenance ; predictive scheduling ; flow shop ; job shop ; ant colony optimisation ; on-line monitoring ; collaborative robots ; human robot collaboration ; time between failure (TBF) ; common beta hypothesis (CBH) test ; meta-analysis ; level of heterogeneity ; mean time between failure (MTBF) ; text mining ; network-based distributed manufacturing systems ; moth flame optimization algorithm ; support vector machines ; Naive Bayes ; random forest ; decision trees ; supplier classification ; machining centre ; DSM ; Copula function ; fault propagation intensity ; fault propagation behaviour ; lubricity ; gear oil ; wear ; operational reliability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The present book contains the 10 articles finally accepted for publication in the Special Issue “Computational Optimizations for Machine Learning” of the MDPI journal Mathematics, which cover a wide range of topics connected to the theory and applications of machine learning, neural networks and artificial intelligence. These topics include, among others, various types of machine learning classes, such as supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning, deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks, GANs, decision trees, linear regression, SVM, K-means clustering, Q-learning, temporal difference, deep adversarial networks and more. It is hoped that the book will be interesting and useful to those developing mathematical algorithms and applications in the domain of artificial intelligence and machine learning as well as for those having the appropriate mathematical background and willing to become familiar with recent advances of machine learning computational optimization mathematics, which has nowadays permeated into almost all sectors of human life and activity.
    Keywords: ARIMA model ; time series analysis ; online optimization ; online model selection ; precipitation nowcasting ; deep learning ; autoencoders ; radar data ; generalization error ; recurrent neural networks ; machine learning ; model predictive control ; nonlinear systems ; neural networks ; low power ; quantization ; CNN architecture ; multi-objective optimization ; genetic algorithms ; evolutionary computation ; swarm intelligence ; Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) ; metaheuristics search ; bio-inspired algorithms ; smart building ; soft computing ; training ; evolution of weights ; artificial intelligence ; deep neural networks ; convolutional neural network ; deep compression ; DNN ; ReLU ; floating-point numbers ; hardware acceleration ; energy dissipation ; FLOW-3D ; hydraulic jumps ; bed roughness ; sensitivity analysis ; feature selection ; evolutionary algorithms ; nature inspired algorithms ; meta-heuristic optimization ; computational intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This reprint is a collection of 31 original papers and four reviews, published from 2021 to 2022, focused on the application of a wide range of computational tools in medicinal chemistry projects: from molecular docking to artificial intelligence approaches. Applications of in silico tools are crucial in the early stages of drug design, such as planning more efficient and economic synthetic routes for chemical administration, screening of huge databases, as well as proposing hypotheses for probable mechanisms of action of drugs in macromolecular targets. Such endeavors are extremely complex and require the usage of modern and sophisticated approaches, such as artificial intelligence, data mining, computational molecular simulations through classical mechanics and quantum mechanics, molecular docking, chemoinformatics, applied mathematics, and biostatistics.
    Keywords: T-type calcium channel blocker ; homology modeling ; computer-aid drug design ; virtual drug screening ; L-type calcium channel ; mTOR kinase ; marine natural products ; ATP-competitive inhibitors ; structure-based pharmacophore modeling ; virtual screening ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamics simulations ; binding free energy ; in silico ADMET ; α-Glucosidase ; QSAR modeling ; ADMET profiling ; cervical cancer management ; computer-aided drug design ; E6 inhibitors ; in silico studies ; human papillomavirus ; manifold learning ; machine learning ; rdkit ; embeddings ; Tox21 ; principal component analysis ; autoencoder ; skin sensitization ; toxicity prediction ; in silico prediction ; random forest ; conformal prediction ; bioactivity descriptors ; SARS coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-2 main protease ; structure-based virtual screening ; molecular dynamic simulation ; hit identification ; Alzheimer’s disease ; multitarget ; natural-like compounds ; library of integrated network-based cellular signatures (LINCS) ; longevity ; gene regulating effects ; gene descriptors ; molecular fingerprints ; deep neural network ; drug repurposing ; Variola virus ; thymidylate kinase ; smallpox ; docking ; molecular dynamics ; molecular modeling ; permeability ; membrane disruption ; membrane proteins ; drugs ; antimicrobial peptides ; Ras ; RasGRF1 ; hydrogen-bond surrogate ; computational residue scanning ; MM-GBSA ; protein–protein interaction ; ERK signalling ; cocaine addiction ; intellectual disability (ID) ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; gated recurrent unit ; recurrent neural network ; transfer learning ; caspase-6 ; inhibitor ; molecular design ; computational drug design ; deep learning ; multiscale ; polypharmacology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; mycolic acid methyltransferases ; fragment-based ligand discovery ; binding energies ; molecular modelling ; heat shock protein ; HSP70 ; nucleotide-binding domain ; piperlongumine ; fluorescence spectroscopy ; circular dichroism ; molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area ; Parkinson’s disease ; catechol-O-methyltransferase ; inhibitors ; bioinformatics ; pharmacophore modeling ; cytotoxicity ; computational drug discovery ; chemical space ; parallelization ; high-performance computers and accelerators ; sulfonamides ; arylsulfonamide ; anticancer compounds ; telomerase inhibitors ; structure-based drug design ; computer drug design ; MolAr ; DNA intercalating agents ; SARS-CoV-2 ; main protease, Mpro ; docking benchmark ; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; drug discovery ; lipoxygenase ; cyclooxygenase ; Hsp90 ; cancer ; QSAR ; pharmacophores ; in-silico drug design ; AlphaFold ; anti-CRISPR proteins ; prokaryotic defence mechanisms ; bacteriophages ; structural biology ; protein drug ; Merkel cell polyomavirus ; Merkel cell carcinomas ; drug design ; ADMET ; MD simulation ; antimicrobial peptide database ; antiviral peptides ; database filtering technology ; Ebola virus ; peptide design ; G-quadruplex DNA ; TERRA ; mass spectrometry ; biological assays ; mangrove natural products ; KRASG12C ; ligand-based pharmacophore modeling ; computational biology ; RVFV ; RdRp ; structural modeling ; GlyT1 ; schizophrenia ; DAT ; MD ; chagas ; leishmaniasis ; naphthoquinones ; antiprotozoal evaluation ; ADME ; COVID-19 ; NSP3 ; TCM ; MD simulations ; mutagenesis ; artificial intelligence ; biased signaling ; G protein-coupled receptor ; immunology ; flavonoids ; IDO1 ; free energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book includes 23 published papers on Special issues of "Image and Video Processing and Recognition Based on Artificial Intelligence" in the journal Sensors. The purpose of this Special Issue was to invite high-quality and state-of-the-art academic papers on challenging issues in the field of AI-based image and video processing and recognition.
    Keywords: emotion recognition ; brain computer interface ; bag of deep features ; continuous wavelet transform ; face image analysis ; deep learning ; face parsing ; facial attributes classification ; building extraction ; convolutional neural networks ; mask R-CNN ; high-resolution remote sensing image ; autoencoders ; semi-supervised learning ; computer vision ; pathology ; epidermis ; skin ; image processing ; generative models ; generative adversarial net ; depth map ; super-resolution ; guidance ; residual network ; channel interaction ; pose estimation ; body orientation ; multi-person ; multi-task ; surface defect detection ; active learning ; generative adversarial network ; presentation attack detection ; artificial image generation ; presentation attack face images ; ultrasound image ; malignant thyroid nodule ; artificial intelligence ; weighted binary cross-entropy loss ; infrared circumferential scanning system ; target recognition ; deep convolutional neural networks ; data augmentation ; transfer learning ; bounding box regression ; loss function ; medical image fusion ; convolutional neural network ; image pyramid ; multi-scale decomposition ; armature ; surface inspection ; action recognition ; social robotics ; common spatial patterns ; vehicle recognition ; multi resolution network ; optimization ; semantic segmentation ; global context ; local context ; fully convolutional networks ; image-to-image conversion ; image de-raining ; label to photos ; edges to photos ; generative adversarial network (GAN) ; remote sensing ; helicopter footage ; crowd counting ; multitask learning ; normalized cross-correlation ; Marr wavelets ; entropy and response ; graph matching ; RANSAC ; GC–LSTM model ; typhoon ; satellite image ; prediction system ; monocular depth estimation ; feature distillation ; joint attention ; finger-vein recognition ; camera position ; finger position ; lighting ; unobserved database ; heterogeneous database ; domain adaptation ; cycle-consistent adversarial networks ; SDUMLA-HMT-DB ; HKPolyU-DB ; biometrics ; face recognition ; single-sample face recognition ; binarized statistical image features ; K-nearest neighbors ; sparse coding ; fast approximation ; homotopy iterative hard thresholding ; object recognition ; character recognition ; orthogonal polynomials ; orthogonal moments ; Krawtchouk polynomials ; Tchebichef polynomials ; support vector machine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: One of the most promising developments in modelling knowledge is cognitive network science, which aims to investigate cognitive phenomena driven by the networked, associative organization of knowledge. For example, investigating the structure of semantic memory via semantic networks has illuminated how memory recall patterns influence phenomena such as creativity, memory search, learning, and more generally, knowledge acquisition, exploration, and exploitation. In parallel, neural network models for artificial intelligence (AI) are also becoming more widespread as inferential models for understanding which features drive language-related phenomena such as meaning reconstruction, stance detection, and emotional profiling. Whereas cognitive networks map explicitly which entities engage in associative relationships, neural networks perform an implicit mapping of correlations in cognitive data as weights, obtained after training over labelled data and whose interpretation is not immediately evident to the experimenter. This book aims to bring together quantitative, innovative research that focuses on modelling knowledge through cognitive and neural networks to gain insight into mechanisms driving cognitive processes related to knowledge structuring, exploration, and learning. The book comprises a variety of publication types, including reviews and theoretical papers, empirical research, computational modelling, and big data analysis. All papers here share a commonality: they demonstrate how the application of network science and AI can extend and broaden cognitive science in ways that traditional approaches cannot.
    Keywords: text mining ; big data ; analytics ; review ; self-organization ; computational philosophy ; brain ; synaptic learning ; adaptation ; functional plasticity ; activity-dependent resonance states ; circular causality ; somatosensory representation ; prehensile synergies ; robotics ; COVID-19 ; social media ; hashtag networks ; emotional profiling ; cognitive science ; network science ; sentiment analysis ; computational social science ; Twitter ; VADER scoring ; correlation ; semantic network analysis ; intellectual disability ; adolescents ; EEG ; emotional states ; working memory ; depression ; anxiety ; graph theory ; classification ; machine learning ; neural networks ; phonotactic probability ; neighborhood density ; sub-lexical representations ; lexical representations ; phonemes ; biphones ; cognitive network ; smart assistants ; knowledge generation ; intelligent systems ; web components ; deep learning ; web-based interaction ; cognitive network science ; text analysis ; natural language processing ; artificial intelligence ; emotional recall ; cognitive data ; AI ; pharmacological text corpus ; automatic relation extraction ; gender stereotypes ; story tropes ; movie plots ; network analysis ; word co-occurrence network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Since the 1990s, ultrasound (US) has played a major role in the assessment of thyroid nodules and their risk of malignancy. Over the last decade, the most eminent international societies have published US-based systems for the risk stratification of thyroid lesions, namely, Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data Systems (TIRADSs). The introduction of TIRADSs into clinical practice has significantly increased the diagnostic power of US to a level approaching that of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). At present, we are probably approaching a new era in which US could be the primary tool to diagnose thyroid cancer. However, before using US in this new dominant role, we need further proof. This Special Issue, which includes reviews and original articles, aims to pave the way for the future in the field of thyroid US. Highly experienced thyroidologists focused on US are asked to contribute to achieve this goal.
    Keywords: n/a ; thyroid ; ultrasonography ; follicular neoplasm ; follicular lesion of unknown significance ; follicular thyroid cancer ; papillary thyroid carcinoma ; neoplasm metastasis ; biopsy ; fine-needle ; thyroglobulin ; US-guided minimally invasive techniques ; radiofrequency ablation ; RFA ; benign thyroid nodules ; thyroid cancer ; DTC recurrences ; PTMC ; long term ; follow-up ; regrowth ; classification system ; ultrasound classification system ; TIRAD ; nodule ; risk stratification ; TI-RADS ; fine-needle aspiration ; cancer ; ultrasound ; scintigraphy ; non-autonomously functioning ; thyroid imaging reporting and data systems (TIRADS) ; risk of malignancy (ROM) ; thyroid nodules ; paediatrics ; radiotherapy ; risk assessment ; DTC ; thyroid neoplasm ; medical imaging ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; deep learning ; radiomics ; prediction ; diagnosis ; Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS) ; pediatric thyroid nodules ; neck ultrasound ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) ; papillary thyroid cancer ; TIRADS ; thyroid nodule ; fine-needle aspiration biopsy ; elastosonography ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is based on Special Issue "Artificial Intelligence Methods Applied to Urban Remote Sensing and GIS" from early 2020 to 2021. This book includes seven papers related to the application of artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning algorithms using remote sensing and GIS techniques in urban areas.
    Keywords: groundwater potential ; specific capacity ; machine learning ; boosted tree ; ensemble models ; prototype selection ; river pollution ; supervised classification ; WSN ; probabilistic method ; Monte Carlo simulation ; physical slope model ; Mt. Umyeon landslides ; Seoul ; synthetic aperture radar ; land subsidence ; GIS ; time-series ; Jakarta ; land subsidence susceptibility mapping ; time-series InSAR ; StaMPS processing ; seismic vulnerability map ; DPM method ; Sentinel-1 ; seismic literacy ; neural networks ; urban vegetation ; urban open spaces ; Monterrey Metropolitan Area ; sustainable development ; deep learning ; transfer learning ; artificial intelligence ; remote sensing ; earth observation ; DInSAR ; change detection ; space data science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Our knowledge of human evolution has made particular progress recently, due to the discovery of new fossils, the use of new methods and multidisciplinary approaches. Moreover, studies on the departure from symmetry, including variations in fluctuating or directional asymmetries, have contributed to the expansion of this knowledge. This Special Issue brings together articles that deal with symmetry and human evolution. The notion of symmetry is addressed, including whether to reconstruct deformed fossil specimens, study biological variations within hominins or compare them with extant primates, address the shape of the brain or seek possible relationships between biological and behavioural data.
    Keywords: cerebellar lobe ; Homo ; asymmetry ; evolutionary changes ; cognitive increase ; power grip strength ; directional asymmetry ; hand dominance ; hand shape ; manual activities ; human evolution ; functional morphology ; digital reconstruction ; Homo heidelbergensis ; Homo neanderthalensis ; Homo sapiens ; Middle Pleistocene humans ; virtual anthropology ; Europe ; show.asymmetry ; fossil ; geometric morphometrics ; Arothron ; biological anthropology ; biomechanics ; cortical thickness ; lateralization ; modern humans ; NMDID ; upper limb ; contralateral asymmetry ; limb bone ; biomechanical analysis ; rigidity ; chimpanzee ; occipital ; hominin ; brain-endocast correspondence ; paleontology ; interdisciplinarity ; artificial intelligence ; handedness ; grasping ; gesture ; brain asymmetry ; vertebrates ; invertebrates ; primates ; ontogeny ; evolution ; cerebrum ; cerebellum ; petalia ; shape asymmetry ; diffeomorphic surface matching ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Many recent studies on medical image processing have involved the use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). This special issue, “Machine Learning/Deep Learning in Medical Image Processing”, has been launched to provide an opportunity for researchers in the area of medical image processing to highlight recent developments made in their fields with ML/DL. Seven excellent papers that cover a wide variety of medical/clinical aspects are selected in this special issue.
    Keywords: pancreas ; segmentation ; computed tomography ; deep learning ; data augmentation ; neoplasm metastasis ; ovarian neoplasms ; radiation exposure ; tomography ; x-ray computed ; prostate carcinoma ; microscopic ; convolutional neural network ; machine learning ; handcrafted ; oral carcinoma ; medical image segmentation ; colon cancer ; colon polyps ; OCT ; optical biopsy ; animal rat models ; CADx ; airway volume analysis ; artificial intelligence ; coronary artery disease ; SPECT MPI scans ; convolutional neural networks ; transfer learning ; classification models ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book includes a series of scientific papers published in the Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence and Ambient Intelligence at the journal Electronics MDPI. The book starts with an opinion paper on “Relations between Electronics, Artificial Intelligence and Information Society through Information Society Rules”, presenting relations between information society, electronics and artificial intelligence mainly through twenty-four IS laws. After that, the book continues with a series of technical papers that present applications of Artificial Intelligence and Ambient Intelligence in a variety of fields including affective computing, privacy and security in smart environments, and robotics. More specifically, the first part presents usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in combination with wearable devices (e.g., smartphones and wristbands) for recognizing human psychological states (e.g., emotions and cognitive load). The second part presents usage of AI methods in combination with laser sensors or Wi-Fi signals for improving security in smart buildings by identifying and counting the number of visitors. The last part presents usage of AI methods in robotics for improving robots’ ability for object gripping manipulation and perception. The language of the book is rather technical, thus the intended audience are scientists and researchers who have at least some basic knowledge in computer science.
    Keywords: robotic hand ; control ; perception ; tactile sensing ; mechatronics ; grasping ; manipulation ; PUT-Hand ; underactuated ; multi-modal fusion ; machine learning ; robotics ; perception for grasping ; effective computing ; emotion system ; emotional machine ; agent ; human–machine interface ; Wi-Fi ; CSI ; crowd counting ; Doppler spectrum ; information society ; electronics ; artificial intelligence ; ambient intelligence ; one-dimensional depth sensor ; biometrics ; identification ; affective computing ; cognitive load ; psychophysiology ; supervised learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: For decades, Applied Metaheuristic Computing (AMC) has been a prevailing optimization technique for tackling perplexing engineering and business problems, such as scheduling, routing, ordering, bin packing, assignment, facility layout planning, among others. This is partly because the classic exact methods are constrained with prior assumptions, and partly due to the heuristics being problem-dependent and lacking generalization. AMC, on the contrary, guides the course of low-level heuristics to search beyond the local optimality, which impairs the capability of traditional computation methods. This topic series has collected quality papers proposing cutting-edge methodology and innovative applications which drive the advances of AMC.
    Keywords: metaheuristics ; heuristics ; optimization ; artificial intelligence ; energy ; information security ; recognition ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint provides a collection of papers illustrating the state-of-the-art of smart processing of data coming from wearable, implantable or portable sensors. Each paper presents the design, databases used, methodological background, obtained results, and their interpretation for biomedical applications. Revealing examples are brain–machine interfaces for medical rehabilitation, the evaluation of sympathetic nerve activity, a novel automated diagnostic tool based on ECG data to diagnose COVID-19, machine learning-based hypertension risk assessment by means of photoplethysmography and electrocardiography signals, Parkinsonian gait assessment using machine learning tools, thorough analysis of compressive sensing of ECG signals, development of a nanotechnology application for decoding vagus-nerve activity, detection of liver dysfunction using a wearable electronic nose system, prosthetic hand control using surface electromyography, epileptic seizure detection using a CNN, and premature ventricular contraction detection using deep metric learning. Thus, this reprint presents significant clinical applications as well as valuable new research issues, providing current illustrations of this new field of research by addressing the promises, challenges, and hurdles associated with the synergy of biosignal processing and AI through 16 different pertinent studies. Covering a wide range of research and application areas, this book is an excellent resource for researchers, physicians, academics, and PhD or master students working on (bio)signal and image processing, AI, biomaterials, biomechanics, and biotechnology with applications in medicine.
    Keywords: electrocardiogram ; deep metric learning ; k-nearest neighbors classifier ; premature ventricular contraction ; dimensionality reduction ; classifications ; Laplacian eigenmaps ; locality preserving projections ; compressed sensing ; convolutional neural network ; EEG ; epileptic seizure detection ; RISC-V ; ultra-low-power ; sepsis ; atrial fibrillation ; prediction ; heart rate variability ; feature extraction ; random forest ; annotations ; myoelectric prosthesis ; sEMG ; grasp phases analysis ; grasp classification ; machine learning ; electronic nose ; liver dysfunction ; cirrhosis ; semiconductor metal oxide gas sensor ; vagus nerve ; intraneural ; decoding ; intrafascicular ; recording ; carbon nanotube ; artificial intelligence ; lens-free shadow imaging technique ; cell-line analysis ; cell signal enhancement ; deep learning ; ECG signal ; reconstruction dictionaries ; projection matrices ; signal classifications ; osteopenia ; sarcopenia ; XAI ; SHAP ; IMU ; gait analysis ; sensors ; convolutional neural networks ; Parkinson’s disease ; biomedical monitoring ; accelerometer ; pressure sensor ; disease management ; electromyography ; correlation ; high blood pressure ; hypertension ; photoplethysmography ; electrocardiography ; calibration ; classification models ; COVID-19 ; ECG trace image ; transfer learning ; Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) ; feature selection ; sympathetic activity (SNA) ; skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) ; electrodes ; electrocardiogram (ECG) ; cardiac time interval ; dynamic time warping ; fiducial point detection ; heart failure ; seismocardiography ; wearable electroencephalography ; motor imagery ; motor execution ; beta rebound ; brain–machine interface ; EEG classification ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Currently, the transition from using the combustion engine to electrified vehicles is a matter of time and drives the demand for compact, high-energy-density rechargeable lithium ion batteries as well as for large stationary batteries to buffer solar and wind energy. The future challenges, e.g., the decarbonization of the CO2-intensive transportation sector, will push the need for such batteries even more. The cost of lithium ion batteries has become competitive in the last few years, and lithium ion batteries are expected to dominate the battery market in the next decade. However, despite remarkable progress, there is still a strong need for improvements in the performance of lithium ion batteries. Further improvements are not only expected in the field of electrochemistry but can also be readily achieved by improved manufacturing methods, diagnostic algorithms, lifetime prediction methods, the implementation of artificial intelligence, and digital twins. Therefore, this Special Issue addresses the progress in battery and energy storage development by covering areas that have been less focused on, such as digitalization, advanced cell production, modeling, and prediction aspects in concordance with progress in new materials and pack design solutions.
    Keywords: battery energy storage ; renewable energy ; distribution network ; genetic algorithm ; particle swarm optimization ; electrolyte ; additive ; interface ; pseudocapacitance ; intercalation ; energy storage ; secondary battery ; sodium-ion ; lithium-ion battery ; traction battery ; waterjet-based recycling ; direct recycling ; life cycle assessment ; global warming potential ; electro-thermal model ; smart cell ; intelligent battery ; neural network ; temperature prediction ; DRT by time domain data ; pulse evaluation ; relaxation voltage ; online diagnosis ; degradation mechanisms ; EIS ; lead batteries ; safety concept ; safety battery ; battery monitoring ; electronic battery sensor ; failure modes ; failure distribution ; failure rates ; field battery investigation ; safe supply ; power supply system ; zinc ion batteries ; stationary energy storage ; polymer binder ; solvent ; doctor blade coating ; manganese dioxide ; mixing ratio ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; SEM+EDX ; electrode fabrication ; lithium ion battery ; AC current injection ; bi-directional control ; charger ; lithium-ion battery cell ; volumetric expansion ; mechanical degradation ; state of charge dependency ; cell thickness ; mechanical aging ; non-uniform volume change ; solar photovoltaic energy ; redox flow battery ; residential load ; renewable energy integration ; battery sizing ; battery efficiency ; lithium battery ; temperature dependency ; ether based electrolyte ; insitu deposited lithium-metal electrode ; Coulombic efficiency ; lithium deposition morphology ; Li-ion battery ; thermal runaway ; model ; post-mortem analysis ; ecofriendly electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries ; increased thermal stability of electrolytes ; enhanced electrolyte safety based on high flash point ; tributylacetylcitrate ; acetyltributylcitrate ; electric vehicle battery ; disassembly ; disassembly planner design ; disassembly strategy optimization ; battery management system ; state monitoring ; state-of-charge ; digital twin ; battery model ; Doyle-Fuller-Newman model ; equivalent circuit model ; parameter estimation ; lithium-ion batteries ; temperature estimation ; sensorless temperature measurement ; artificial intelligence ; artificial neural network ; lithium-ion cells ; battery thermal management systems ; CFD simulations ; liquid cooling ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The Special Issue book focuses on highlighting current research and developments in the automation and control field for autonomous systems as well as showcasing state-of-the-art control strategy approaches for autonomous platforms. The book is co-edited by distinguished international control system experts currently based in Sweden, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom, with contributions from reputable researchers from China, Austria, France, the United States of America, Poland, and Hungary, among many others. The editors believe the ten articles published within this Special Issue will be highly appealing to control-systems-related researchers in applications typified in the fields of ground, aerial, maritime vehicles, and robotics as well as industrial audiences.
    Keywords: neuron PID ; Kalman filtering ; omnidirectional mobile robot ; implementations ; anti-windup ; fault tolerance ; reconfigurable control ; Maglev ; neural networks ; artificial intelligence ; unmanned tracked vehicle ; inertial parameters ; vehicle-terrain interaction ; identification ; recursive least square with exponential forgetting ; generalized Newton–Raphson ; Unscented Kalman Filter ; lane keeping control (LKC) ; non-smooth finite-time control ; previewed tracking ; error weight superposition ; electric vehicle (EV) ; ODD-based AD function design ; path tracking ; path planning ; software architecture ; interface design ; autonomous vehicle ; advanced driver-assistance system ; LPV approach ; robust control ; cruise control ; semi-active suspension control ; passenger comfort ; automated vehicles ; ADAS/AD functions ; C-ITS ; IVIM ; infrastructure assistance ; routing recommendations ; autonomous driving ; active learning ; formal methods ; model-based engineering ; automata learning ; unmanned vehicle ; nonlinear model prediction controller ; trajectory tracking ; outdoor field test ; vehicle following ; path following ; splines ; spline approximation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Recent advances in artificial intelligence have the potential to further develop current big data research. The Special Issue on ‘Intelligent Computing for Big Data’ highlighted a number of recent studies related to the use of intelligent computing techniques in the processing of big data for text mining, autism diagnosis, behaviour recognition, and blockchain-based storage.
    Keywords: multimodal data ; behavior recognition ; dog detection ; fusion model ; deep learning ; older people ; long-term care ; artificial intelligence ; blockchain technology ; decentralized architecture ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; big data ; bioinformatics ; machine learning ; classification ; bio-inspired algorithms ; Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) ; Support Vector Machine (SVM) ; convolution neural network ; spatio-temporal document ; document classification ; big text data ; proxy re-encryption ; blockchain ; storage ; proof-of-replication ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Biomedical image processing is an interdisciplinary field involving a variety of disciplines, e.g., electronics, computer science, physics, mathematics, physiology, and medicine. Several imaging techniques have been developed, providing many approaches to the study of the human body. Biomedical image processing is finding an increasing number of important applications in, for example, the study of the internal structure or function of an organ and the diagnosis or treatment of a disease. If associated with classification methods, it can support the development of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems, which could help medical doctors in refining their clinical picture.
    Keywords: MR brain segmentation ; fuzzy clustering ; object extraction ; silhouette analysis ; DICOM processing ; 3D modeling ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; kidney biopsy ; kidney transplantation ; glomerulus detection ; glomerulosclerosis ; pattern recognition ; hemoglobin ; anemia ; human tissues ; conjunctiva ; non-invasive medical device ; training size ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; U-Net ; segmentation ; artificial intelligence ; digital pathology ; kidney fibrosis ; blood vessel segmentation ; inferior vena cava ; ultrasound imaging ; binary tree model ; pulsatility ; fluid volume assessment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Data science is an interdisciplinary field that applies numerous techniques, such as machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning, to create value based on extracting knowledge and insights from available data. Advances in data science have a significant impact on healthcare. While advances in the sharing of medical information result in better and earlier diagnoses as well as more patient-tailored treatments, information management is also affected by trends such as increased patient centricity (with shared decision making), self-care (e.g., using wearables), and integrated care delivery. The delivery of health services is being revolutionized through the sharing and integration of health data across organizational boundaries. Via data science, researchers can deliver new approaches to merge, analyze, and process complex data and gain more actionable insights, understanding, and knowledge at the individual and population levels. This Special Issue focuses on how data science is used in healthcare (e.g., through predictive modeling) and on related topics, such as data sharing and data management.
    Keywords: data sharing ; data management ; data science ; big data ; healthcare ; depression ; psychological treatment ; task sharing ; primary care ; pilot study ; non-specialist health worker ; training ; digital technology ; mental health ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; pneumonia ; computed tomography ; case fatality rate ; social distancing ; smoking ; metabolically healthy obese phenotype ; metabolic syndrome ; obesity ; coronavirus ; machine learning ; social media ; apache spark ; Twitter ; Arabic language ; distributed computing ; smart cities ; smart healthcare ; smart governance ; Triple Bottom Line (TBL) ; thoracic pain ; tree classification ; cross-validation ; hand-foot-and-mouth disease ; early-warning model ; neural network ; genetic algorithm ; sentinel surveillance system ; outbreak prediction ; artificial intelligence ; vascular access surveillance ; arteriovenous fistula ; end stage kidney disease ; dialysis ; kidney failure ; chronic kidney disease (CKD) ; end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) ; kidney replacement therapy (KRT) ; risk prediction ; naïve Bayes classifiers ; precision medicine ; machine learning models ; data exploratory techniques ; breast cancer diagnosis ; tumors classification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The importance and usefulness of subjects and topics involving social data and artificial intelligence are becoming widely recognized. This book contains invited review, expository, and original research articles dealing with, and presenting state-of-the-art accounts pf, the recent advances in the subjects of social data and artificial intelligence, and potentially their links to Cyberspace.
    Keywords: centrality metric ; graph visualisation ; visual analytics ; data processing ; social network ; stock market ; community detection ; complex networks ; Hadoop ; modularity increment ; geometric analysis ; lidar scanning signal ; micro-distortion ; detection technology ; TCD1209DG ; lossless signal transmission ; person re-identification ; multiple granularity features ; Siamese Multiple Granularity Network ; multi-channel weighted fusion loss ; temporal links prediction ; gravity model ; multilayer network ; label propagation algorithm ; H-index ; automatic speech recognition ; speech corpus ; text corpus ; data acquisition ; multi-layer neural network ; natural language processing ; markov switching ; breakpoint test ; crude oil price ; structural change ; artificial intelligence ; ice-snow tourism ; sustainable development ; Python ; text mining ; pancreatic cancer ; twin support vector machine ; linear kernel ; polynomial kernel ; RBF kernel ; cryptography ; RSA cryptosystem ; RSA cryptanalysis ; partial key exposure attack ; social network simulation ; ABMS ; Spark ; two-tier partition algorithm ; visual style ; context-aware ; preference analysis ; fashion recommendation ; Facebook advertising post ; social media marketing ; recommendation system ; topic model ; post engagement ; blockchain ; client/server ; electronic health records ; health information management ; privacy ; security ; innovation ; business ; machine learning ; decision tree ; predictive analytics ; social data science ; contingencies ; asymmetry ; tele-education ; digitalization ; ICT infrastructure ; digital teacher training ; replace face-to-face education ; telemedicine ; technology acceptance ; robust partial least squares path modeling ; data-mining techniques ; data-discretization methods ; feature-selection methods ; industry data applications ; advanced multicomponential discretization models ; social networks ; behavior analysis ; social behavior ; social networking satisfaction ; data science ; DBLP platform ; Twitter ; deep reinforcement learning ; keyphrase extraction ; unsupervised method ; feature selection ; weighted non-negative matrix factorization ; hierarchical information ; tag information ; deep factorization ; combinatorial optimization problem ; heuristics method ; nature-inspired algorithm ; NP-hard problem ; plant root ; healthcare data ; data management ; digital services ; cybernetics ; symmetrical designing ; overlapping community discovery ; gravitational degree ; greedy strategy ; two expansions ; cloud computing ; color revolution operator ; imperialist competitive algorithm ; quality of service ; service composition ; service time-cost ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The accelerating power of deep learning in diagnosing diseases will empower physicians and speed up decision making in clinical environments. Applications of modern medical instruments and digitalization of medical care have generated enormous amounts of medical images in recent years. In this big data arena, new deep learning methods and computational models for efficient data processing, analysis, and modeling of the generated data are crucially important for clinical applications and understanding the underlying biological process. This book presents and highlights novel algorithms, architectures, techniques, and applications of deep learning for medical image analysis.
    Keywords: interpretable/explainable machine learning ; image classification ; image processing ; machine learning models ; white box ; black box ; cancer prediction ; deep learning ; multimodal learning ; convolutional neural networks ; autism ; fMRI ; texture analysis ; melanoma ; glcm matrix ; machine learning ; classifiers ; explainability ; explainable AI ; XAI ; medical imaging ; diagnosis ; ARMD ; change detection ; unsupervised learning ; microwave breast imaging ; image reconstruction ; tumor detection ; digital pathology ; whole slide image processing ; multiple instance learning ; deep learning classification ; HER2 ; medical images ; transfer learning ; optimizers ; neo-adjuvant treatment ; tumour cellularity ; cancer ; breast cancer ; diagnostics ; imaging ; computation ; artificial intelligence ; 3D segmentation ; active surface ; discriminant analysis ; PET imaging ; medical image analysis ; brain tumor ; cervical cancer ; colon cancer ; lung cancer ; computer vision ; musculoskeletal images ; lung disease detection ; taxonomy ; convolutional neural network ; CycleGAN ; data augmentation ; dermoscopic images ; domain transfer ; macroscopic images ; skin lesion segmentation ; infection detection ; COVID-19 ; X-ray images ; bayesian inference ; shifted-scaled dirichlet distribution ; MCMC ; gibbs sampling ; object detection ; surgical tools ; open surgery ; egocentric camera ; computers in medicine ; segmentation ; MRI ; ECG signal detection ; portable monitoring devices ; 1D-convolutional neural network ; medical image segmentation ; domain adaptation ; meta-learning ; U-Net ; computed tomography (CT) ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; low-dose ; sparse-angle ; quantitative comparison ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The book, "Intelligent Sensors for Human Motion Analysis," contains 17 articles published in the Special Issue of the Sensors journal. These articles deal with many aspects related to the analysis of human movement. New techniques and methods for pose estimation, gait recognition, and fall detection have been proposed and verified. Some of them will trigger further research, and some may become the backbone of commercial systems.
    Keywords: gait recognition ; biometrics ; regularized discriminant analysis ; particle swarm optimization ; grey wolf optimization ; whale optimization algorithm ; FMCW ; vital sign ; XGBoost ; MFCC ; COVID-19 ; 3D human pose estimation ; deep learning ; generalization ; optical sensing principle ; modular sensing unit ; plantar pressure measurement ; gait parameters ; 3D human mesh reconstruction ; deep neural network ; motion capture ; neural networks ; reconstruction ; gap filling ; FFNN ; LSTM ; BILSTM ; GRU ; pose estimation ; movement tracking ; computer vision ; artificial intelligence ; markerless motion capture ; assessment ; kinematics ; development ; machine learning ; human action recognition ; features fusion ; features selection ; recognition ; fall risk detection ; balance ; Berg Balance Scale ; human tracking ; elderly ; telemedicine ; diagnosis ; precedence indicator ; knowledge measure ; fuzzy inference ; rule induction ; posture detection ; aggregation function ; markerless ; human motion analysis ; gait analysis ; data augmentation ; skeletal data ; time series classification ; EMG ; pattern recognition ; robot ; cyber-physical systems ; RGB-D sensors ; human motion modelling ; F-Formation ; Kinect v2 ; Azure Kinect ; Zed 2i ; socially occupied space ; facial expression recognition ; facial landmarks ; action units ; convolutional neural networks ; graph convolutional networks ; artifact classification ; artifact detection ; anomaly detection ; 3D multi-person pose estimation ; absolute poses ; camera-centric coordinates ; deep-learning ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Background: The gut microbiota is emerging as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of many non-communicable diseases. Thus, it has been proposed as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target.Aim and scope: This Special Issue will focus on the microbiome as a potential target of new personalized therapies or diagnostic tools.History: In recent decades, the gut microbiome has been deeply investigated, and many studies have provided new information on the role of dysbiosis in many gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Recently, in addition to its phylogenetic characterization, new information has become available regarding the function of the gut microbiota, thanks to proteomic and metabolomic analyses.Cutting-edge research: The therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiota based on different strategies, including diet modification, antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, and, last but not least, fecal microbiota transplantation, has been tested for the treatment of various diseases. Recently, the possible applications and modalities of gut microbiota modulation have been increasingly expanding.We have collected original clinical or pre-clinical research papers and reviews focusing on the use of the microbiome for disease diagnosis, monitoring, or therapy and suggesting new possible gut microbiota-based approaches for personalized care.
    Keywords: Graves–Basedow’s diseases ; Hashimoto’s thyroiditis ; autoimmunity ; gut microbiota ; irritable bowel syndrome ; microbiota ; microbiome ; food components ; nutrients ; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ; fecal microbiota transplantation ; aGvHD ; antibiotic-resistant bacteria ; cystic fibrosis ; rabbits ; intestinal dysbiosis ; feces microbiome ; beta-blocker ; hemodialysis ; next-generation sequencing ; propensity score matching methods ; violin plots ; random sampling ; analytical reproducibility ; fecal matter transplantation ; data disease subtypes ; personalized medicine ; maltodextrin ; dip test ; gallstone disease ; 16S rDNA gene diversity ; blood biochemical characteristics ; mesothelioma ; 16S RNA sequencing ; species ; probiotics and gut disease ; probiotics and acute diverticulitis ; probiotics and diverticular disease ; probiotics mechanism of action ; IgA Nephropathy ; rifaximin ; α1KI-CD89Tg mice ; children ; intermittent hypoxemia ; obstructive sleep apnea ; tonsil ; weight status ; oral microbiota ; rheumatology diseases ; biomarkers ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; rheumatoid arthritis ; Sjogren’s syndrome ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; endometrial cancer ; endometrial microbiome ; gut microbiome ; dysbiosis ; estrogen metabolism ; estrobolome ; inflammation ; antitumour treatment ; prebiotics ; probiotics ; schizophrenia ; depression ; anxiety ; functional genes ; thymoma ; genera ; driver mutation ; cardiovascular diseases ; critically ill ; intestinal permeability ; recurrent cystitis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This Special Issue aims at providing recent advancements on open data and models. Energy and environment are the fields of application.For all the aforementioned reasons, we encourage researchers and professionals to share their original works. Topics of primary interest include, but are not limited to:Open data and models for energy sustainability;Open data science and environment applications;Open science and open governance for Sustainable Development Goals;Key performance indicators of data-aware energy modelling, planning and policy;Energy, water and sustainability database for building, district and regional systems; andBest practices and case studies.
    Keywords: electric vehicles ; electricity mix ; charging profile ; emissions ; energy ; energy scenarios ; photovoltaics ; wind ; EPLANopt ; multi-objective optimization ; climate-change ; bi-level optimisation method ; evolutionary algorithms ; renewable energy ; wave energy converter ; geometric parameters ; power take-off ; levelised cost of energy ; scroll-compressor ; experimental validation ; numerical model ; layout assessment ; wave energy conversion ; real wave model ; building energy management ; energy information systems ; anomaly detection and diagnosis ; classification tree ; symbolic aggregate approximation ; association rule mining ; energy modelling ; heating transition ; modelling practices ; data-driven policy design ; local policy ; municipality ; multi-model ecologies ; energy transitions ; energy analytics ; data-driven methods ; building performance analysis energy efficiency ; energy flexibility ; occupant-centric design ; open energy data ; thermal building performance ; satellite-based solar radiation data ; meteorological reanalysis data ; ISO 52016-1 ; single-zone infiltration ; digital construction ; artificial intelligence ; digital twin ; nZEB ; energy management ; energy efficiency ; edge computing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has causedenormous upheaval at the micro-, meso- and macrosocial levels, with a profound influence on the diverse dimensions of human existence. This reprint offers contributions by authors from various backgrounds and origins for a better understanding of the multiple and interdependent consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic that pose multiple and complex scientific, moral, social and political challenges, considered from social science perspectives.
    Keywords: inclusive tourism ; accessibility ; disability ; Booking.com ; hotels ; ethnography ; environmental ; online ; activism ; young people ; COVID-19 ; lockdown ; climate ; strikes ; methods ; refugee researchers (RRs) ; researcher at risk ; scholars at risk ; employment ; pandemic ; working from home ; asylum procedure ; male sex workers ; commercial sex ; motives ; practices ; vulnerabilities ; Portugal ; jogging ; emotional geography ; urban ethnography ; Italy ; COVID-19 pandemic ; SARS-CoV-2 ; stigma ; stigmatization ; charisma ; charismatic domination ; President Trump ; legitimation ; social elevation ; media narrative ; media ; international migration ; mobility ; Migration Cycle ; artificial intelligence ; digitalization ; digital divide ; human rights ; filtering facepiece respirators ; supply chain management ; disaster management cycle ; neoliberal model of development ; democratic socialist model of development ; class ; ideology ; anomie ; moral regulation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: We all agree that people with MS need to be cared in a profoundly personalized way. The care of the patient with MS is still based on the presence of relapses, so their successful diagnosis and treatment is fundamental and will condition the therapeutic strategies to follow with the patient. The treatment strategies are a highly controversial topic of debate that is increasingly supported by robust objective biological markers of response and that also increasingly take into account the dynamics and predictors of cognitive impairment along the disease course, which includes the adoption of new trends in the field of machine learning techniques. However, we all know that patient care goes beyond being treated with drugs and we cannot overlook reminding patients of the importance of their lifestyle behaviors that vary according to the MS phenotype, in order to improve their quality of life. Teleconsultation is a new care strategy proved to be feasible and well-received by patients with MS that will undoubtedly become reinforced because it will allow a closer follow-up of the patient without the need for displacement.
    Keywords: cognition ; cognitive impairment ; neuroimaging ; longitudinal ; predictors ; multiple sclerosis ; lifestyle behavior ; MS management ; MS phenotype ; quality of life ; natalizumab ; extended interval dose ; biomarker ; CD49d ; sVCAM-1 ; immunomonitoring ; personalized dose ; prognosis ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; relapse ; pseudo-relapses ; methylprednisolone ; treatment algorithm ; multiple sclerosis treatment ; escalating strategy ; he-DMT ; diseases modifying therapies ; early intense therapy ; teleconsultation ; internet ; feasibility ; digital health ; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder ; health-related quality of life ; mood ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The book focuses on the diagnosis, evaluation, and assistance of gait disorders; all the papers have been contributed by research groups related to assistive robotics, instrumentations, and augmentative devices.
    Keywords: brain–computer interface ; intent recognition ; SVM ; ensemble learning ; artificial intelligence ; data augmentation ; war trauma severity score ; deep neural network ; alignment-free ; noninvasive ; wearable ; continuous blood pressure measurement ; liquid-filled ; flexible display ; bending input ; twisting input ; selection technology ; target selection ; spatial controllability ; gesture recognition ; spatial regions ; visual and non-visual ; regional division ; exoskeleton ; intention perception ; rehabilitation ; medical treatment ; efficiency evaluation ; puncture robot ; renal puncture ; master–slave control ; admittance control ; joint torque estimation ; upper extremity exosuit ; mechanomyography signal processing ; rehabilitation training ; MMG ; human movement assistance ; rehabilitation and assistance system ; lower limbs ; intention recognition ; gait training ; gait evaluation ; human–machine interaction control strategy ; near infrared spectroscopy ; portable ; prefrontal cortex oxygen saturation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The main objective of this Special Issue is to contribute in understanding and provide science-based knowledge, new ideas/approaches and solutions in sustainable river management, to improve water management policies and practices following different environmental requirements aspects.
    Keywords: flood frequency ; rainfall-runoff model ; river-based tourism ; reservoir regulation ; water availability ; climate variability ; land use change ; flood hazard zone ; EBA4SUB model ; FLO-2D ; Mike11 ; dynamic flow releases ; flow regime ; hydrological methods ; Indicators of Hydrological Alteration ; river health ; artificial intelligence ; Ganga ; groundwater ; Hindon ; statistical indicators ; Uttar Pradesh ; bottom sediments ; soil core ; levee ; stability analysis ; geosynthetics ; dykes ; levees ; protection ; reinforcement ; stabilization ; drainage ; erosion control ; barriers ; emission reductions ; climate change ; hydro-economic water allocation ; optimal water allocation ; risk analysis ; water supply ; the Thames ; ecosystem ; pollution ; biodiversity ; non-native species ; ecosystem management ; remediation ; restoration ; monitoring ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Applications of Medical Physics” is a Special Issue of Applied Sciences that has collected original research manuscripts describing cutting-edge physics developments in medicine and their translational applications. Reviews providing updates on the latest progresses in this field are also included. The collection includes a total of 20 contributions by authors from 9 different countries, which cover several areas of medical physics, spanning from radiation therapy, nuclear medicine, radiology, dosimetry, radiation protection, and radiobiology.
    Keywords: medical imaging ; radiomics ; tomosynthesis ; acquisition angle ; percutaneous radioablation ; monte carlo dosimetry ; liver lesions ; molecular radiotherapy ; quality assurance ; in vivo dosimetry ; transmission radiation detectors ; whole breast irradiation ; MR-guided radiotherapy ; predictive models ; cervical cancer ; EOS ; conventional radiography ; computed tomography ; radiation dose ; enchondroma ; phantom ; medical worker ; radiological accident ; emergency response ; retrospective dosimetry ; ESR ; EPR ; fingernails ; antioxidant ; GEMPix ; GEMs ; Timepix ; Medipix ; radiation therapy ; hadron therapy ; microdosimetry ; gaseous detectors ; Covid-19 ; chest CT ; lungs ; HU density ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; medical physicist ; machine learning ; big data ; radioembolization ; internal dosimetry ; Monte Carlo-based dosimetry ; absorbed dose ; signal–noise ratio ; contrast–noise ratio ; figure of merit ; robust optimization ; high dose rate brachytherapy ; single plan approach ; median absolute deviation ; 99mTc-sestamibi ; breast-specific γ imaging ; breast cancer ; apoptosis ; theragnostic ; esophageal cancer ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; squamous cell carcinoma ; epicardial adipose tissue ; machine and deep learning ; partial volume effect ; quantitative analysis ; point spread function ; post-reconstruction-correction-method ; iterative reconstruction algorithms ; ASiR ; ASiR-V ; noise level ; noise spatial uniformity ; in vivo relative dosimetry ; proton ; radiotherapy ; quality controls ; beam monitoring ; nanoparticles ; scintillation ; ionizing energy deposition ; photodynamic therapy ; singlet oxygen ; protontherapy ; RBE ; radiobiology ; Geant4 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Energy harvesting is the conversion of unused or wasted energy in the ambient environment into useful electrical energy. It can be used to power small electronic systems such as wireless sensors and is beginning to enable the widespread and maintenance-free deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This Special Issue is a collection of the latest developments in both fundamental research and system-level integration. This Special Issue features two review papers, covering two of the hottest research topics in the area of energy harvesting: 3D-printed energy harvesting and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). These papers provide a comprehensive survey of their respective research area, highlight the advantages of the technologies and point out challenges in future development. They are must-read papers for those who are active in these areas. This Special Issue also includes ten research papers covering a wide range of energy-harvesting techniques, including electromagnetic and piezoelectric wideband vibration, wind, current-carrying conductors, thermoelectric and solar energy harvesting, etc. Not only are the foundations of these novel energy-harvesting techniques investigated, but the numerical models, power-conditioning circuitry and real-world applications of these novel energy harvesting techniques are also presented.
    Keywords: piezoelectric harvester ; orthoplanar spring ; trapezoidal leg ; vibration energy ; acoustic resonance ; closed side branch ; DDES ; wind energy harvester ; Autonomous Internet of Things ; vibration energy harvesting ; electromagnetic–mechanical modeling ; autonomous sensors ; self-powered device ; battery-less modules ; energy harvesting ; Wiegand sensor ; self-oscillating boost converter ; power management ; connected vehicles ; smart cities ; electric vehicle ; IoT ; Tesla ; triboelectric nanogenerators ; ocean wave ; artificial intelligence ; structural health monitoring ; TEG ; thermoelectricity ; thermal energy harvesting ; tracker ; wildlife ; animal ; ultra low power ; 3D printed ; vibration harvester ; electromagnetic ; hybrid ; photovoltaics ; solar panel ; highway ; urban street ; experimental investigation ; water ; solar still ; absorber ; silicon ; temperature ; dual resonance frequencies ; vibration electromagnetic energy harvester ; wide harvested frequency range ; enhanced “band-pass” harvested power ; independent resonant frequencies ; autonomous wireless sensor ; passive energy management ; weak vibration ; electromagnetic converter ; wideband ; planar spring ; voltage multiplier ; rectifier ; predictive maintenance ; failure detection ; WSN ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The classification of human action or behavior patterns is very important for analyzing situations in the field and maintaining social safety. This book focuses on recent research findings on recognizing human action patterns. Technology for the recognition of human action pattern includes the processing technology of human behavior data for learning, technology of expressing feature values ​​of images, technology of extracting spatiotemporal information of images, technology of recognizing human posture, and technology of gesture recognition. Research on these technologies has recently been conducted using general deep learning network modeling of artificial intelligence technology, and excellent research results have been included in this edition.
    Keywords: human action recognition ; graph convolution ; high-order feature ; spatio-temporal feature ; feature fusion ; dynamic gesture recognition ; multi-modalities network ; class regularization ; 3D-CNN ; spatiotemporal activations ; class-specific features ; Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition ; human-computer interaction ; hand shape features ; pose estimation ; stacked hourglass network ; deep learning ; convolutional receptive field ; hand gesture recognition ; human–machine interface ; artificial intelligence ; feedforward neural networks ; spatio-temporal image formation ; human activity recognition ; fusion strategies ; transfer learning ; activity recognition ; data augmentation ; multi-person pose estimation ; partitioned centerpose network ; partition pose representation ; continuous hand gesture recognition ; gesture spotting ; gesture classification ; multi-modal features ; 3D skeletal ; CNN ; spatiotemporal feature ; embedded system ; real-time ; action recognition ; Long Short-Term Memory ; spatio–temporal differential ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Metabolomics entails the comprehensive characterization of the ensemble of endogenous and exogenous metabolites present in a biological specimen. Metabolites represent, at the same time, the downstream output of the genome and the upstream input from various external factors, such as the environment, lifestyle, and diet. Therefore, in the last few years, metabolomic phenotyping has provided unique insights into the fundamental and molecular causes of several physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In parallel, metabolomics has been demonstrating an emerging role in monitoring the influence of different manufacturing procedures on food quality and food safety. In light of the above, this collection includes the latest research from various fields of NMR-based metabolomics applications ranging from biomedicine to data mining and food chemistry.
    Keywords: NMR metabolomics ; human plasma ; COVID-19 ; exhaled breath condensate ; nanoparticles exposure ; metabolomics ; colorectal cancer ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; surgery ; relapse ; phenotyping ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; coffee beans ; coffee processing ; coffee varieties ; post-harvest treatment ; NMR spectroscopy ; neonatal sepsis ; EOS ; LOS ; preterm birth ; NMR ; biomarkers ; clustering ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; deep learning ; health science ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Tribology has been and continues to be one of the most relevant fields, being present in almost all aspects of our lives. The understanding of tribology provides us with solutions for future technical challenges. At the root of all advances made so far are multitudes of precise experiments and an increasing number of advanced computer simulations across different scales and multiple physical disciplines. Based upon this sound and data-rich foundation, advanced data handling, analysis and learning methods can be developed and employed to expand existing knowledge. Therefore, modern machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI) methods provide opportunities to explore the complex processes in tribological systems and to classify or quantify their behavior in an efficient or even real-time way. Thus, their potential also goes beyond purely academic aspects into actual industrial applications. To help pave the way, this article collection aimed to present the latest research on ML or AI approaches for solving tribology-related issues generating true added value beyond just buzzwords. In this sense, this Special Issue can support researchers in identifying initial selections and best practice solutions for ML in tribology.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; artificial neural networks ; tribology ; condition monitoring ; semi-supervised learning ; random forest classifier ; self-lubricating journal bearings ; reduced order modelling ; dynamic friction ; rubber seal applications ; tensor decomposition ; laser surface texturing ; texturing during moulding ; digital twin ; PINN ; reynolds equation ; triboinformatics ; databases ; data mining ; meta-modeling ; monitoring ; analysis ; prediction ; optimization ; fault data generation ; Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) ; Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) ; bearing fault diagnosis ; unbalanced datasets ; tribo-testing ; tribo-informatics ; natural language processing ; tribAIn ; BERT ; amorphous carbon coatings ; UHWMPE ; total knee replacement ; Gaussian processes ; rolling bearing dynamics ; cage instability ; regression ; neural networks ; random forest ; gradient boosting ; evolutionary algorithms ; rolling bearings ; remaining useful life ; feature engineering ; structure-borne sound ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Cells are the most fundamental building block of all living organisms. The investigation of any type of disease mechanism and its progression still remains challenging due to cellular heterogeneity characteristics and physiological state of cells in a given population. The bulk measurement of millions of cells together can provide some general information on cells, but it cannot evolve the cellular heterogeneity and molecular dynamics in a certain cell population. Compared to this bulk or the average measurement of a large number of cells together, single-cell analysis can provide detailed information on each cell, which could assist in developing an understanding of the specific biological context of cells, such as tumor progression or issues around stem cells. Single-cell omics can provide valuable information about functional mutation and a copy number of variations of cells. Information from single-cell investigations can help to produce a better understanding of intracellular interactions and environmental responses of cellular organelles, which can be beneficial for therapeutics development and diagnostics purposes. This Special Issue is inviting articles related to single-cell analysis and its advantages, limitations, and future prospects regarding health benefits.
    Keywords: single-cell RNA sequencing ; cholestatic liver injury ; hepatocyte heterogeneity ; inflammation ; liver tissue repair ; single cell mass cytometry ; single cell proteomics ; non-small cell lung cancer ; three-dimensional tissue culture ; snRNA-seq ; RNA velocity ; cluster analysis ; cardiomyocytes ; seurat ; cell heterogeneity ; sarcoma ; single-cell analysis ; total mRNA level ; transcriptome size ; proteomics ; immunofluorescence ; immunohistochemistry ; protein ; genome ; biomedical applications ; commercialization ; protein characterization ; conventional approaches ; microfluidic technologies ; single cell ; infectious disease ; pathophysiology ; therapeutics ; diagnostics ; microfluidics ; single-cell cloning ; monoclonal cell lines ; single-neuron models ; mapping ; electrophysiological recording ; isolation ; therapy ; micro/nanofluidic devices ; microelectrode array ; transfection ; artificial intelligence ; localized high-risk prostate cancer ; circulating tumor cells ; three-dimensional (3-D) telomere profiling ; laser microdissection ; whole-exome genome sequencing ; somatic single nucleotide variants ; copy number alterations ; precision medicine ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue aims to examine high-density solid-state memory devices and technologies from various standpoints in an attempt to foster their continuous success in the future. Considering that broadening of the range of applications will likely offer different types of solid-state memories their chance in the spotlight, the Special Issue is not focused on a specific storage solution but rather embraces all the most relevant solid-state memory devices and technologies currently on stage. Even the subjects dealt with in this Special Issue are widespread, ranging from process and design issues/innovations to the experimental and theoretical analysis of the operation and from the performance and reliability of memory devices and arrays to the exploitation of solid-state memories to pursue new computing paradigms.
    Keywords: resistive switching memory ; in-memory computing ; crosspoint array ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; dielectric ; RTN ; TAT ; Wiener–Khinchin ; transient analysis ; phonon ; surface roughness ; spectral index ; power spectrum ; program suspend ; 3D NAND Flash ; Solid State Drives ; MOSFET ; low-frequency noise ; random telegraph noise ; evaluation method ; array test pattern ; STT-MRAM ; spintronics ; CoFeB ; composite free layer ; low power electronics ; NAND Flash memory ; endurance ; reliability ; oxide trapped charge ; artificial neural networks ; neuromorphic computing ; NOR Flash memory arrays ; program noise ; pulse-width modulation ; 3D NAND ; floating gate cell ; charge-trap cell ; CMOS under array ; bumpless ; TSV ; WOW ; COW ; BBCube ; bandwidth ; yield ; power consumption ; thermal management ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The "Creating Age-friendly Communities: Housing and Technology" publication presents contemporary, innovative, and insightful narratives, debates, and frameworks based on an international collection of papers from scholars spanning the fields of gerontology, social sciences, architecture, computer science, and gerontechnology. This extensive collection of papers aims to move the narrative and debates forward in this interdisciplinary field of age-friendly cities and communities.
    Keywords: physical environment/space ; nursing homes ; small-scale living ; green care farms ; engagement ; social interaction ; long-term care facilities ; older adults ; gerontechnology ; dementia-friendly environments ; aids and adaptations ; loneliness ; domestic settings ; ICT ; Age in Place ; Disability ; Smart Technology ; Intergenerational Relationships ; Connected Health ; smart health ; older people ; co-design ; digital life-world ; smart cities ; retirement community ; privacy ; research ethics ; artificial intelligence ; robots ; living alone ; older immigrants ; Canada ; U.S. ; older age-friendly housing ; dementia ; technology ; perspectives ; informal caregivers ; formal caregivers ; rural ageing ; qualitative research methods ; intergenerational ; social connectedness ; community networks ; cardiology ; wearable devices ; community care ; primary care ; clinical care ; scoping review ; meaningful activities ; transition ; nursing home ; citizen science ; built environment ; urban neighbourhoods ; GIS ; spatial ; Australia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This compendium describes the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of people lives. Data presented in this collection will be useful to understand the disruption in healthcare, learning, and socio-economic aspects amidst the pandemic. The sooner we begin to understand the impact, the better placed we will be to address the unmet needs of vulnerable population groups.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; novel coronavirus ; social lockdown ; protection motivation theory ; health behavior ; health communication ; pregnant woman ; coronavirus ; infectious disease transmission ; vertical transmission ; obstetric management ; SARS-CoV-2 ; systematic review ; computerized tomography ; pneumonia ; risk factors ; echocardiography ; healthcare ; mental health ; Impact of event scale ; negative attitude ; Saudi Arabian females ; health services ; cost ; manual therapy ; chiropractic ; osteopathy ; physiotherapy ; direct RT-PCR ; molecular detection ; dental care ; dental health services ; dental visits ; dental service use ; postponed dental visits ; check-up ; dental examination ; pain ; dental complaints ; oral health ; Saudi Arabia ; blood donors ; seroprevalence ; ELISA ; antibodies ; lockdown ; multi-theory model ; behavior change ; pandemic ; handwashing ; young adults ; college students ; protective behavior changes ; individual ; family ; environmental factor ; COVID-19 spreading ; online survey ; awareness and knowledge ; ships ; seafarers ; SARS-COV-2 ; anxiety ; depression ; stress ; suicidal ideation ; students ; time-series ; ARIMA ; forecasting ; confirmed cases ; infectious disease ; international cruises ; health policy and regulation ; control strategies ; international cooperation ; global health governance ; ICF ; healthcare services ; interprofessional education ; medical students ; pharmacy students ; telehealth ; older adults ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; bibliometric analysis ; health ; novel design ; fabrication ; automated dispenser ; LDR based controller ; reduction of COVID-19 spread ; psychological symptom ; college student ; avoidance of infection ; social distancing ; free tickets for the aged ; subway use demand ; e-learning ; youth and children health ; visual health ; myopia ; routine care ; global pandemic ; role conflict ; role ambiguity ; social support ; dental precautions ; dental students ; India ; infection control ; knowledge ; perception ; survey ; face masks ; young people ; behaviors ; dentist ; infection control practices ; concerns ; dental practice ; social isolation ; social connectedness ; loneliness ; technology ; internet ; smartphones ; m-health ; severe acute respiratory syndrome ; post-graduate year training ; self-efficacy ; emotional traits ; Coronavirus ; prevention ; community ; public health nurse ; telephone consultation ; vaccine literacy ; Japan ; family carers for older adults ; sustainable ageing society ; health communications ; mass media ; HCWs ; personality traits ; intolerance of uncertainty ; coping strategies ; perceived stress ; resilience ; migration ; refugees ; fear ; modeling ; data analysis ; assessment ; effectiveness ; incidence rate ; restriction ; epidemic pattern ; exponential growth ; basic reproduction number (R0) ; spatio-temporal analysis ; demographic risk factor ; observational study ; public health ; Southeast Asia (SEA) ; vaccination rate ; basic reproduction number ; SARS-CoV ; African American ; COVID-19 vaccine ; vaccine hesitancy ; vaccine hesitant ; text classification ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; survival rate ; hospitalized patients ; Hidalgo Mexico ; multimorbidity ; vaccination ; level 1 trauma ; health care workers ; information source trust ; COVID-19 stressor ; global south ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The International Agency for Research on Cancer suggests that the burden of women’s cancers including breast, ovarian, and womb will rise by 50% over the next 20 years. It is essential for us to improve early diagnosis and prevention of these cancers in our health systems. The last decade has seen significant strides in our ability to understand and predict a woman’s risk of these cancers and offer personalized medicine approaches for risk management. There have been improvements in identifying individuals at increased risk, as well as implementing and evaluating strategies for screening and prevention. In this special collection, we bring together 16 articles from leading scientists and researchers. These capture some of the important advances observed in estimating cancer risk, providing genetic testing, offering risk management to those at increased risk, as well as screening and prevention of breast, ovarian, and womb cancers in women. This makes an important contribution to the rapidly advancing knowledge base across the area of personalized medicine and precision prevention of ovarian, endometrial, and breast cancers.
    Keywords: breast cancer ; galectins ; galectin-7 ; galectin-8 ; prognostic markers ; tumor infiltrating macrophages ; screening ; mammography ; incidence-based mortality ; population genetic testing ; ovarian cancer risk ; risk stratification ; BRCA1 ; BRCA2 ; RAD51C ; RAD51D ; BRIP1 ; SNP ; risk modelling ; BRCA ; population testing ; cost-effectiveness ; ovarian cancer ; cancer prevention ; CA125 ; HE4 ; UKCTOCS ; MMT ; postmenopausal women ; rare germline variants ; susceptibility genes ; genomics ; questionnaires ; attitudes ; symptoms ; early detection ; risk assessment ; diagnostic prediction model ; triage tool ; ovarian cancer symptoms ; family history ; risk ; genes ; prevention ; dyskerin ; DKC1 ; endometrial cancer ; telomerase ; proliferation ; telomeres ; obesity ; metabolomics ; liquid biopsy ; mass spectrometry ; plasma biomarkers ; artificial intelligence ; ultrasound ; TVS ; trial ; randomised controlled trial ; genomic sequencing ; tumor mutational signatures ; hereditary cancer genes ; mismatch repair ; familial cancer ; menopausal hormone therapy ; breast cancer risk ; BMI ; early BMI ; age of pregnancy ; mammographic density ; body mass index ; weight loss ; breast cancer prevention ; premenopausal ; genetic testing ; germline ; somatic ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This edited book contains twelve studies, large and pilots, in five main categories: (i) adaptive imputation to increase the density of clinical data for improving downstream modeling; (ii) machine-learning-empowered diagnosis models; (iii) machine learning models for outcome prediction; (iv) innovative use of AI to improve our understanding of the public view; and (v) understanding of the attitude of providers in trusting insights from AI for complex cases. This collection is an excellent example of how technology can add value in healthcare settings and hints at some of the pressing challenges in the field. Artificial intelligence is gradually becoming a go-to technology in clinical care; therefore, it is important to work collaboratively and to shift from performance-driven outcomes to risk-sensitive model optimization, improved transparency, and better patient representation, to ensure more equitable healthcare for all.
    Keywords: machine learning-enabled decision support system ; improving diagnosis accuracy ; Bayesian network ; bariatric surgery ; health-related quality of life ; comorbidity ; voice change ; larynx cancer ; machine learning ; deep learning ; voice pathology classification ; imputation ; electronic health records ; EHR ; laboratory measures ; medical informatics ; inflammatory bowel disease ; C. difficile infection ; osteoarthritis ; complex diseases ; healthcare ; artificial intelligence ; interpretable machine learning ; explainable machine learning ; septic shock ; clinical decision support system ; electronic health record ; cerebrovascular disorders ; stroke ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cluster analysis ; risk factors ; ischemic stroke ; outcome prediction ; recurrent stroke ; cardiac ultrasound ; echocardiography ; portable ultrasound ; aneurysm surgery ; temporary artery occlusion ; clipping time ; artificial neural network ; digital imaging ; monocytes ; promonocytes and monoblasts ; chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for acute monoblastic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia ; concordance between hematopathologists ; mechanical ventilation ; respiratory failure ; ADHD ; social media ; Twitter ; pharmacotherapy ; stimulants ; alpha-2-adrenergic agonists ; non-stimulants ; trust ; passive adherence ; human factors ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 75
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with transportation activities account for approximately 20 percent of all carbon dioxide (co2) emissions globally, making the transportation sector a major contributor to the current global warming. This book focuses on the latest advances in technologies aiming at the sustainable future transportation of people and goods. A reduction in burning fossil fuel and technological transitions are the main approaches toward sustainable future transportation. Particular attention is given to automobile technological transitions, bike sharing systems, supply chain digitalization, and transport performance monitoring and optimization, among others.
    Keywords: ANOVA-test ; clickbait news ; feature selection ; social network ; taxi demand ; forecasting ; multi-source data ; generative adversarial networks ; container ship traffic flow ; volatility ; generalized Hurst exponents ; long-range dependence ; multifractality ; city buses ; semi-Markov processes ; preventive maintenance ; corrective maintenance ; age-replacement ; minimal repair ; perfect repair ; profit per time unit ; availability ; railway transport ; passengers ; sustainable travel ; ARTIW method ; IHAMCI method ; MCDM ; facial recognition technology ; e-biker ; red-light running behavior ; privacy invasion ; content replacement ; content placement ; content-centric networking ; cache networks ; immaturity ; stretch reduction ; mineral exploration ; natural gamma-ray spectrometry ; ASTER ; fuzzy logic modelling ; Kelâat M’Gouna inlier ; Eastern Anti-Atlas ; Morocco ; collision avoidance ; fuzzy logic ; on board driver assistance ; semi-autonomous ; multi-factor ; VANET ; COVID-19 ; bike sharing system ; urban mobility ; regression analysis ; green transport ; continuous descent approach ; optimized profile descent ; climate change ; terminal maneuvering area ; environmental impact ; applied queueing theory ; air traffic management ; air transportation sustainability ; electric vehicle powertrain ; multispeed discrete transmission ; continuously variable transmission ; two-motors configuration ; four-motors configuration ; border crossings ; sentiments ; personal vehicles ; pedestrians ; US–Mexico ; Google Trends ; digitalization ; BPM ; business process model ; artificial intelligence ; big data ; virtual reality ; internet of things ; cloud computing ; digital security ; additive engineering ; smart cities ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; strategy ; monitoring ; transport equity ; distributional analysis ; accessibility ; space-time model ; transport policy ; OFDM ; LDACS ; aeronautical communication ; impulse noise ; pulse blanking ; ROAD statistics ; location planning ; vehicle scheduling ; electric buses ; charging stations ; partial charging ; human-machine interaction ; scenarios ; use cases ; remote operation ; highly automated vehicles ; user-centered design ; remote assistance ; remote driving ; bike-sharing system (BSS) ; mode choice ; stated choice experiment ; multinomial logit model ; transport demand model ; technological transitions ; automobiles ; system dynamics ; dynamical systems ; bifurcations ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 76
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Minimally invasive surgery has become a common term in visceral as well as gynecologic surgery. It has almost evolved into its own surgical speciality over the past 20 years. Today, being firmly established in every subspeciality of visceral surgery, it is now no longer a distinct skillset, but a fixed part of the armamentarium of surgical options available. In every indication, the advantages of a minimally invasive approach include reduced intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative pain, and shorter rehabilitation times, as well as a marked reduction of overall and surgical postoperative morbidity. In the advent of modern oncologic treatment algorithms, these effects not only lower the immediate impact that an operation has on the patient, but also become important key steps in reducing the side-effects of surgery. Thus, they enable surgery to become a module in modern multi-disciplinary cancer treatment, which blends into multimodular treatment options at different times and prolongs and widens the possibilities available to cancer patients. In this quickly changing environment, the requirement to learn and refine not only open surgical but also different minimally invasive techniques on high levels deeply impact modern surgical training pathways. The use of modern elearning tools and new and praxis-based surgical training possibilities have been readily integrated into modern surgical education,which persists throughout the whole surgical career of modern gynecologic and visceral surgery specialists.
    Keywords: ovarian cancer ; laparoscopy ; minimally invasive surgery ; survival ; mortality ; platelet-rich plasma (PRP) ; thin endometrium ; hysteroscopy ; robotic surgery ; sexuality ; laparoscopic hysterectomy ; learning curve ; quality of life ; counseling ; patient-doctor-relationship ; body donors ; surgical education ; clinical anatomy ; live surgery events ; neuropelveology ; LION procedure ; genital nerves stimulation ; chronic pelvic pain ; esophagectomy ; esophageal cancer ; Ivor-Lewis procedure ; health-related quality of life ; cervical cancer ; robotic radical hysterectomy ; recurrence rate ; surgery ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; augmented reality ; hysterectomy ; NOTES ; minimally invasive ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; pediatric surgery ; fetal surgery ; single-incision surgery ; surgical techniques ; surgical devices ; open surgery ; endoscopy ; endoscopic surgery ; cysts of the canal of Nuck ; Nuck hydrocele ; hydrocelectomy ; TAPP ; Lichtenstein ; colorectal liver metastases ; laparoscopic liver surgery ; minimal invasive surgery ; general anesthesia ; anesthetics ; perioperative care ; laparoscopic surgery ; endometrial cancer ; lymphadenectomy ; embryology ; sentinel lymph node mapping ; indocyanine green ; PMMR ; technical aspects ; rectal cancer ; mesorectal ; transanal ; laparoscopic ; local recurrence ; conversion rate ; minimally invasive surgical procedures ; radiotherapy ; ovarian neoplasms ; endometrial neoplasms ; uterine cervical neoplasms ; vaginal neoplasms ; vulvar neoplasms ; survival analysis ; n/a ; video feedback ; video modeling ; gynecology ; surgical training ; pelvitrainer ; prolapse ; pelvic floor ; native tissue ; pectopexy ; robotic assisted surgery ; pancreatic surgery ; pancreaticoduodenectomy ; pelvic floor repair ; laparoscopic repair ; vaginal repair ; mesh use ; VATS ; pain ; postoperative pain control ; thoracic surgery ; lung cancer ; intercostal catheter ; opioid ; regional anaesthesia ; hepatectomy ; single-port laparoscopy ; radiofrequency pre-coagulation ; endometriosis ; endometrioma surgery ; ovarian reserve ; anti-Müllerian hormone ; spontaneous pregnancy ; robotic liver resection ; da Vinci ; intraoperative imaging ; hepatocellular cancer ; real-life imaging ; hepatic metastasis ; COVID-19 ; sars-cov-2 ; surgical performance ; 3D printing ; skill assessment ; snorkel mask ; malabsorption ; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ; one-anastomosis gastric bypass ; SADI-S ; biliopancreatic diversion ; weight regain ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; cholangiocarcinoma ; risk score ; pelvic compartments ; embryologic development ; oncologic surgery ; pelvic lymphonodectomy ; topographic anatomy ; autonomic pelvic nerves ; uterine cancer ; prostate cancer ; diaphragmatic hernia ; liver resection ; hernia repair ; mesh ; enterothorax
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book collected recent studies on the latest methodological and operational advances in hydrological forecasting. Specifically, the collection of papers covers a range of topics related to improving hydrological forecasting via new datasets and innovative approaches.
    Keywords: water resources management ; landslide ; dammed lake ; flood risk ; time-varying parameter ; GR4J model ; changing environments ; temporal transferability ; western China ; cascade hydropower reservoirs ; multi-objective optimization ; TOPSIS ; gravitational search algorithm ; opposition learning ; partial mutation ; elastic-ball modification ; Snowmelt Runoff Model ; parameter uncertainty ; data-scarce deglaciating river basin ; climate change impacts ; generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation ; Yangtze River ; cascade reservoirs ; impoundment operation ; GloFAS-Seasonal ; forecast evaluation ; small and medium-scale rivers ; highly urbanized area ; flood control ; whole region perspective ; coupled models ; flood-risk map ; hydrodynamic modelling ; Sequential Gaussian Simulation ; urban stormwater ; probabilistic forecast ; Unscented Kalman Filter ; artificial neural networks ; Three Gorges Reservoir ; Mahalanobis-Taguchi System ; grey entropy method ; signal-to-noise ratio ; degree of balance and approach ; interval number ; multi-objective optimal operation model ; feasible search space ; Pareto-front optimal solution set ; loss–benefit ratio of ecology and power generation ; elasticity coefficient ; empirical mode decomposition ; Hushan reservoir ; data synthesis ; urban hydrological model ; Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) ; Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) ; uncertainty analysis ; NDVI ; Yarlung Zangbo River ; machine learning model ; random forest ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; regional flood inundation depth ; recurrent nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (RNARX) ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; multi-objective reservoir operation ; hydrologic forecasting ; uncertainty ; risk ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Electrical machines and drives dominate our everyday lives. This is due to their numerous applications in industry, power production, home appliances, and transportation systems such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles, ships, and aircrafts. Their development follows rapid advances in science, engineering, and technology. Researchers around the world are extensively investigating electrical machines and drives because of their reliability, efficiency, performance, and fault-tolerant structure. In particular, there is a focus on the importance of utilizing these new trends in technology for energy saving and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This Special Issue will provide the platform for researchers to present their recent work on advances in the field of electrical machines and drives, including special machines and their applications; new materials, including the insulation of electrical machines; new trends in diagnostics and condition monitoring; power electronics, control schemes, and algorithms for electrical drives; new topologies; and innovative applications.
    Keywords: fault size ; inter-laminar fault ; localized losses ; thermographic measurement ; thermal-electric coupling ; axial flux ; demagnetization ; finite element analysis ; permanent magnet ; static eccentricity ; synchronous generator ; power loss minimization ; speed control drive systems ; efficiency measurement ; IPMSM ; additive manufacturing ; three-dimensional printing ; topology optimization ; magnetic materials ; soft magnetic materials ; permanent magnets ; electrical machines ; torque ripple ; 6th harmonic ; induction motor ; AC machine ; PWM inverter ; space phasor modulation ; electric motor ; interior permanent magnet ; reluctance ; MMF-permeance ; winding function ; predictive maintenance ; digital twin ; artificial intelligence ; Industry 4.0 ; data handling ; life cycle ; electric machines ; electromagnetic analysis ; electromagnetic measurements ; core losses ; rotor flux linkage ; modular stator ; oriented steel ; flux-injecting probes ; insulation system ; partial discharges ; capacitive model ; MATLAB/Simulink ; flashover voltage ; epoxy resin ; matrix-converter ; input AC filter design ; PMSM ; predictive control ; electrical drives ; energy efficiency ; energy-saving ; power quality ; current signals ; stray flux signals ; LDA ; automatic fault diagnosis ; broken rotor bars ; soft-starters ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 79
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This book includes 13 papers published in Special Issue ("Visual and Camera Sensors") of the journal Sensors. The goal of this Special Issue was to invite high-quality, state-of-the-art research papers dealing with challenging issues in visual and camera sensors.
    Keywords: self-assembly device ; 3D point clouds ; accuracy analysis ; VSLAM-photogrammetric algorithm ; portable mobile mapping system ; low-cost device ; BIM ; camera calibration ; DLT ; PnP ; weighted DLT ; uncertainty ; covariance ; robustness ; visual-inertial ; semi-direct SLAM ; multi-sensor fusion ; side-rear-view monitoring system ; automatic online calibration ; Hough-space ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; autonomous landing ; deep-learning-based motion deblurring and marker detection ; network slimming ; pruning model ; convolutional neural network ; convolutional filter ; classification ; multimodal human recognition ; blur image restoration ; DeblurGAN ; CNN ; facial expression recognition system ; computer vision ; multi-scale featured local binary pattern ; unsharp masking ; machine learning ; lens distortion ; DoF-dependent ; distortion partition ; vision measurement ; pathological site classification ; in vivo endoscopy ; computer-aided diagnosis ; artificial intelligence ; ensemble learning ; convolutional auto-encoders ; local image patch ; point pair feature ; plank recognition ; robotic grasping ; flying object detection ; drone ; image processing ; camera networks ; open-pit mine slope monitoring ; optimum deployment ; close range photogrammetry ; three-dimensional reconstruction ; OCD4M ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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  • 80
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Medicine has evolved into a high level of specialization using the very detailed imaging of organs. This has impressively solved a multitude of acute health-related problems linked to single-organ diseases. Many diseases and pathophysiological processes, however, involve more than one organ. An organ-based approach is challenging when considering disease prevention and caring for elderly patients, or those with systemic chronic diseases or multiple co-morbidities. In addition, medical imaging provides more than a pretty picture. Much of the data are now revealed by quantitating algorithms with or without artificial intelligence. This Special Issue on “Systems Radiology and Personalized Medicine” includes reviews and original studies that show the strengths and weaknesses of structural and functional whole-body imaging for personalized medicine.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; chest X-ray ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; Grad-CAM ; computed tomography ; image analysis ; osteoarthritis ; reliability ; FDG-PET/CT ; infection ; bloodstream infection ; endocarditis ; vascular graft infection ; spondylodiscitis ; cyst infection ; white blood cell scintigraphy ; total body PET/CT ; radiotracers ; artificial intelligence ; contrast media ; body composition ; large vessel vasculitis ; atherosclerosis ; imaging ; FDG-PET ; radiological imaging ; MRI ; non-contrast ; venography ; TRANCE ; QFlow ; neuroblastoma ; nuclear medicine ; radionuclide imaging ; [123I]mIBG ; [124I]mIBG ; [18F]mFBG ; [18F]FDG ; [68Ga]Ga-DOTA peptides ; [18F]F-DOPA ; [11C]mHED ; chronic limb-threatening ischemia ; peripheral arterial disease ; calcification pattern ; diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis ; risk factors ; adiposity ; intra-abdominal fat ; cardiorenal syndrome ; imaging biomarker ; tissue characterization ; cerebral aneurysm ; computational fluid dynamics ; hemodynamic ; morphological ; rupture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The implementation of artificial intelligence (AI), together with robotics, sensors, sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT), and machine/deep learning modeling, has reached the forefront of research activities, moving towards the goal of increasing the efficiency in a multitude of applications and purposes related to environmental sciences. The development and deployment of AI tools requires specific considerations, approaches, and methodologies for their effective and accurate applications. This Special Issue focused on the applications of AI to environmental systems related to hazard assessment in urban, agriculture, and forestry areas.
    Keywords: machine learning ; artificial neural networks ; random forests ; water network pollution ; sensor networks ; parallel computing ; heat stress ; animal welfare ; climate change ; automation ; smoke taint ; remote sensing ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; volatile phenols ; electronic nose ; wine sensory ; smart village ; smart agriculture ; climate-smart agriculture ; technology ; sustainability ; skin temperature ; artificial intelligence ; heart rate ; respiration rate ; GIS ; Markov chain ; land use ; urban information ; Tabriz City ; water distribution networks ; water network contamination ; random forest ; neural network ; urban tree management ; tree monitoring ; computer vision ; tree water stress index ; leaf area index ; volatile compounds ; photosynthesis modeling ; plant water status modeling ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 82
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Data Science (DS) is gaining significant importance in the decision process due to a mix of various areas, including Computer Science, Machine Learning, Math and Statistics, domain/business knowledge, software development, and traditional research. In the business field, DS's application allows using scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data to support the decision process. After collecting the data, it is crucial to discover the knowledge. In this step, Knowledge Discovery (KD) tasks are used to create knowledge from structured and unstructured sources (e.g., text, data, and images). The output needs to be in a readable and interpretable format. It must represent knowledge in a manner that facilitates inferencing. KD is applied in several areas, such as education, health, accounting, energy, and public administration. This book includes fourteen excellent articles which discuss this trending topic and present innovative solutions to show the importance of Data Science and Knowledge Discovery to researchers, managers, industry, society, and other communities. The chapters address several topics like Data mining, Deep Learning, Data Visualization and Analytics, Semantic data, Geospatial and Spatio-Temporal Data, Data Augmentation and Text Mining.
    Keywords: crisis reporting ; chatbots ; journalists ; news media ; COVID-19 ; textbook research ; digital humanities ; digital infrastructures ; data analysis ; content base image retrieval ; semantic information retrieval ; deep features ; multimedia document retrieval ; data science ; open government data ; governance and social institutions ; economic determinants of open data ; geoinformation technology ; fractal dimension ; territorial road network ; box-counting framework ; script Python ; ArcGIS ; internet of things ; LoRaWAN ; ICT ; The Things Network ; ESP32 microcontroller ; decision systems ; rule based systems ; databases ; rough sets ; prediction by partial matching ; spatio-temporal ; activity recognition ; smart homes ; artificial intelligence ; automation ; e-commerce ; machine learning ; big data ; customer relationship management (CRM) ; distracted driving ; driving behavior ; driving operation area ; data augmentation ; feature extraction ; authorship ; text mining ; attribution ; neural networks ; deep learning ; forensic intelligence ; dashboard ; WebGIS ; data analytics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Big Data ; Web Intelligence ; media analytics ; social sciences ; humanities ; linked open data ; adaptation process ; interdisciplinary research ; media criticism ; classification ; information systems ; public health ; data mining ; ioCOVID19 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The main aim of this book is to present various implementations of ML methods and metaheuristic algorithms to improve modelling and prediction hydrological and water resources phenomena having vital importance in water resource management.
    Keywords: groundwater ; artificial intelligence ; hydrologic model ; groundwater level prediction ; machine learning ; principal component analysis ; spatiotemporal variation ; uncertainty analysis ; hydroinformatics ; support vector machine ; big data ; artificial neural network ; nitrogen compound ; nitrogen prediction ; prediction models ; neural network ; non-linear modeling ; PACF ; WANN ; SVM-LF ; SVM-RF ; Govindpur ; streamflow forecasting ; Bayesian model averaging ; multivariate adaptive regression spline ; M5 model tree ; Kernel extreme learning machines ; South Korea ; uncertainty ; sustainability ; prediction intervals ; ungauged basin ; streamflow simulation ; satellite precipitation ; atmospheric reanalysis ; ensemble modeling ; additive regression ; bagging ; dagging ; random subspace ; rotation forest ; flood routing ; Muskingum method ; extension principle ; calibration ; fuzzy sets and systems ; particle swarm optimization ; EEFlux ; irrigation performance ; CWP ; water conservation ; NDVI ; water resources ; Daymet V3 ; Google Earth Engine ; improved extreme learning machine (IELM) ; sensitivity analysis ; shortwave radiation flux density ; sustainable development ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 84
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Remote sensing, especially from satellites, is a source of invaluable data which can be used to generate synoptic information for virtually all parts of the Earth, including the atmosphere, land, and ocean. In the last few decades, such data have evolved as a basis for accurate information about the Earth, leading to a wealth of geoscientific analysis focusing on diverse applications. Geoinformation systems based on remote sensing are increasingly becoming an integral part of the current information and communication society. The integration of remote sensing and geoinformation essentially involves combining data provided from both, in a consistent and sensible manner. This process has been accelerated by technologically advanced tools and methods for remote sensing data access and integration, paving the way for scientific advances in a broadening range of remote sensing exploitations in applications of geoinformation. This volume hosts original research focusing on the exploitation of remote sensing in applications of geoinformation. The emphasis is on a wide range of applications, such as the mapping of soil nutrients, detection of plastic litter in oceans, urban microclimate, seafloor morphology, urban forest ecosystems, real estate appraisal, inundation mapping, and solar potential analysis.
    Keywords: inundation mapping ; flood mapping ; automatic thresholding ; Sentinel-2 ; wetlands ; marshland ; Camargue ; Doñana ; 3D modelling ; LiDAR ; CityGML ; solar potential ; general valuation ; Cyprus ; artificial intelligence ; mass appraisals ; real estate ; algorithms ; mathematical models ; AVM ; CAMA ; urban forest ; landscape metrics ; aerial images ; street view images ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; spatial clustering ; Eastern Mediterranean Sea ; multiple filtering ; skeletonization ; structural interpretation ; air temperature ; surface temperature ; multiple linear regression ; Landsat 8 ; urban heat island ; satellite images ; plastic litter ; spectral indices ; spectroscopy ; remote sensing ; UAVs ; soil nutrients ; field spectroscopy ; Landsat (OLI) ; partial least-squares and regression ; Wadi El-Garawla ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 85
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and while most patients develop simple steatosis, up to one-third can develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is a chronic inflammatory condition of the liver that can further progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis, which may eventually lead to liver failure and death. While we have increased our mechanistic knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of NASH within the last decade, treatment options are still limited and liver biopsies have remained the gold standard for diagnosis. To achieve major clinical breakthroughs for NASH patients, it is not sufficient to use a single animal model, since each model has specific limitations. Furthermore, we should rely more on alternative models such as organ-on-a-chip, which will enable us to explore unknown aspects of disease pathogenesis much faster and serve as clinically relevant surrogates for murine models. Another important direction for the improvement of patient health is to pay more attention to extrahepatic, organ-specific and systemic effects, which are associated with NASH. The articles in this Special Issue include an up-to-date overview of the rapidly developing technologies, novel targets for intervention and insights in the field in NASH. Additionally, these articles describe the major challenges in the field, strategies to overcome them and suggestions for future directions. To improve patient’s outcome, clinicians, as well as scientists with biomedical, nutrition, physics and mathematics backgrounds, should join forces. Although challenges remain, the future of the field seems promising as these novel technologies and developments are expected to lead to progress in NASH.
    Keywords: NAFLD ; mouse models ; multifactorial disease ; translational value ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ; steatohepatitis ; NASH ; cognitive impairment ; memory dysfunction ; Alzheimer’s disease ; neurodegeneration ; liver stiffness ; liver steatosis ; controlled attenuation parameter ; transient elastography ; MRI PDFF ; MR spectroscopy ; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) ; tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) ; primary hepatocytes ; organelle transfer ; mesenchymal stromal cells ; aminopyrine ; microsomal ; liver function ; breath test ; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ; extracellular vesicles ; magnesium (Mg2+) ; obesity ; insulin resistance (IR) ; type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ; hypertension ; cardiovascular diseases (CVD) ; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ; intestinal permeability ; microbiota ; probiotics ; physical exercise ; fecal microbiota transplantation ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; pathogenesis ; extra-hepatic outcome ; organ-on-a-chip ; artificial intelligence ; liver disease ; GLP-1 agonist ; SGLT-2 inhibitor ; type 2 diabetes ; innate immune system ; adaptive immune system ; metabolic syndrome ; fatty liver ; leptin ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: In recent years, artificial intelligence has increasingly been playing an essential role in diverse areas in medicine, assisting clinicians in patient management. In nephrology and transplantation, artificial intelligence can be utilized to enhance clinical care, such as through hemodialysis prescriptions and the follow-up of kidney transplant patients. Furthermore, there are rapidly expanding applications and validations of comprehensive, computerized medical records and related databases, including national registries, health insurance, and drug prescriptions. For this Special Issue, we made a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their invaluable works and present, here, a collection of articles covering original clinical research (single- or multi-center), database studies from registries, meta-analyses, and artificial intelligence research in nephrology including acute kidney injury, electrolytes and acid–base, chronic kidney disease, glomerular disease, dialysis, and transplantation that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of nephrology and transplantation toward improving patient outcomes.
    Keywords: tacrolimus ; C/D ratio ; tacrolimus metabolism ; everolimus ; conversion ; kidney transplantation ; gut microbiome ; renal transplant recipient ; diarrhea ; immunosuppressive medication ; gut microbiota ; 16S rRNA sequencing ; butyrate-producing bacteria ; Proteobacteria ; torquetenovirus ; immunosuppression ; transplantation ; immunosuppressed host ; outcome ; renal transplantation ; Goodpasture syndrome ; anti-GBM disease ; epidemiology ; hospitalization ; outcomes ; acute kidney injury ; risk prediction ; artificial intelligence ; patent ductus arteriosus ; conservative management ; blood pressure ; eradication ; interferon-free regimen ; hepatitis C infection ; kidney transplant ; allograft steatosis ; lipopeliosis ; transplant numbers ; live donors ; public awareness ; Google TrendsTM ; machine learning ; big data ; nephrology ; chronic kidney disease ; NLR ; PLR ; RPGN ; predictive value ; hemodialysis ; withdrawal ; cellular crescent ; global sclerosis ; procurement kidney biopsy ; glomerulosclerosis ; minimally-invasive donor nephrectomy ; robot-assisted surgery ; laparoscopic surgery ; organ donation ; living kidney donation ; MeltDose® ; LCPT ; renal function ; liver transplantation ; metabolism ; erythropoietin ; fibroblast growth factor 23 ; death ; weekend effect ; in-hospital mortality ; comorbidity ; dialysis ; elderly ; klotho ; α-Klotho ; FGF-23 ; kidney donor ; Nephrology ; CKD-MBD ; CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder ; deceased donor ; Eurotransplant Senior Program ; risk stratification ; intensive care ; kidney transplant recipients ; long-term outcomes ; graft failure ; cardiovascular mortality ; lifestyle ; inflammation ; vascular calcification ; bone mineral density ; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ; living donation ; repeated kidney transplantation ; graft survival ; prolonged ischaemic time ; patient survival ; pre-emptive transplantation ; metabolomics ; urine ; acute rejection ; allograft ; cystatin C ; hyperfiltration ; kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 ; tubular damage ; genetic polymorphisms ; (cardiac) surgery ; inflammatory cytokines ; clinical studies ; chronic kidney disease (CKD) ; no known kidney disease (NKD) ; ICD-10 billing codes ; phenotyping ; electronic health record (EHR) ; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ; machine learning (ML) ; generalized linear model network (GLMnet) ; random forest (RF) ; artificial neural network (ANN), clinical natural language processing (clinical NLP) ; discharge summaries ; laboratory values ; area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) ; area under the precision-recall curve (AUCPR) ; fibrosis ; extracellular matrix ; collagen type VI ; living-donor kidney transplantation ; ethnic disparity ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Emotions play a very important role in how we think and behave. As such, the emotions we feel every day can compel us to act and influence the decisions and plans we make about our lives. Being able to measure, analyze, and better comprehend how or why our emotions may change is thus of much relevance to understand human behavior and its consequences. Despite the great efforts made in the past in the study of human emotions, it is only now, with the advent of wearable, mobile, and ubiquitous technologies, that we can aim to sense and recognize emotions, continuously and in real time. This book brings together the latest experiences, findings, and developments regarding ubiquitous sensing, modeling, and the recognition of human emotions.
    Keywords: self-management interview application ; emotion analysis ; facial recognition ; image-mining ; deep convolutional neural network ; emotion recognition ; pattern recognition ; texture descriptors ; mobile tool ; neuromarketing ; brain computer interface (BCI) ; consumer preferences ; EEG signal ; deep learning ; deep neural network (DNN) ; electroencephalogram (EEG) ; logistic regression ; Gaussian kernel ; Laplacian prior ; affective computing ; human–robot interaction ; thermal IR imaging ; social robots ; facial expression analysis ; line segment feature analysis ; dimensionality reduction ; convolutional recurrent neural network ; driver health risk ; intelligent speech signal processing ; human computer interaction ; supervised learning ; computer vision ; optical flow ; micro facial expressions ; real-time processing ; driver stress state ; IR imaging ; machine learning ; support vector machine (SVR) ; advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) ; artificial intelligence ; image processing ; video processing ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
    Language: English
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  • 88
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: In many machine learning applications, available datasets are sometimes incomplete, noisy or affected by artifacts. In supervised scenarios, it could happen that label information has low quality, which might include unbalanced training sets, noisy labels and other problems. Moreover, in practice, it is very common that available data samples are not enough to derive useful supervised or unsupervised classifiers. All these issues are commonly referred to as the low-quality data problem. This book collects novel contributions on machine learning methods for low-quality datasets, to contribute to the dissemination of new ideas to solve this challenging problem, and to provide clear examples of application in real scenarios.
    Keywords: open contours ; similarly shaped fish species ; Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) ; Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) ; Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) ; feature engineering ; small data-sets ; optimization ; machine learning ; preprocessing ; image generation ; weighted interpolation map ; binarization ; single sample per person ; root canal measurement ; multifrequency impedance ; data augmentation ; neural network ; functional magnetic resonance imaging ; independent component analysis ; deep learning ; recurrent neural network ; functional connectivity ; episodic memory ; small sample learning ; feature selection ; noise elimination ; space consistency ; label correlations ; empirical mode decomposition ; sparse representations ; tensor decomposition ; tensor completion ; machine translation ; pairwise evaluation ; educational data ; small datasets ; noisy datasets ; smart building ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) ; ontology ; graph model ; Artificial Neural Network ; Discriminant Analysis ; dengue ; feature extraction ; sound event detection ; non-negative matrix factorization ; ultrasound images ; shadow detection ; shadow estimation ; auto-encoders ; semi-supervised learning ; prediction ; feature importance ; feature elimination ; hierarchical clustering ; Parkinson’s disease ; few-shot learning ; permutation-variable importance ; topological data analysis ; persistent entropy ; support-vector machine ; data science ; intelligent decision support ; social vulnerability ; gender-gap ; digital-gap ; COVID19 ; policy-making support ; artificial intelligence ; imperfect dataset ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
    Language: English
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem, being the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and the leading cause of compromised quality of life and work absenteeism. Indeed, LBP is the leading worldwide cause of years lost to disability, and its burden is growing alongside the increasing and aging population. The etiology, pathogenesis, and occupational risk factors of LBP are still not fully understood. It is crucial to give a stronger focus to reducing the consequences of LBP, as well as preventing its onset. Primary prevention at the occupational level remains important for highly exposed groups. Therefore, it is essential to identify which treatment options and workplace-based intervention strategies are effective in increasing participation at work and encouraging early return-to-work to reduce the consequences of LBP. The present Special Issue offers a unique opportunity to update many of the recent advances and perspectives of this health problem. A number of topics will be covered in order to attract high-quality research papers, including the following major areas: prevalence and epidemiological data, etiology, prevention, assessment and treatment approaches, and health promotion strategies for LBP. We have received a wide range of submissions, including research on the physical, psychosocial, environmental, and occupational perspectives, also focused on workplace interventions.
    Keywords: low back pain (LBP) ; standing position ; musculoskeletal pain ; sedentary behaviour ; back pain ; Google Trends ; infodemiology ; seasonality ; Wikipedia ; back problems ; Low Back Pain Scale ; maximum voluntary isometric contraction ; postural stability ; unexpected external postural perturbations ; disability ; insurance ; low back pain ; lumbar decompression ; lumbar fusion ; musculoskeletal disorders ; occupational health ; pain ; return to work ; satisfaction ; manual therapy ; kinesiophobia ; fear of pain ; Australian method ; Neurac ; chronic ; underserved ; African American ; Latino ; older adults ; workload ; wearable assistive device ; occupational back-support exoskeleton ; EMG ; handling task ; lumbalgia ; physical activity ; prevention ; public health ; occupational safety and health ; risk assessment ; occupational disorder ; knowledge ; rehabilitation nurses ; patient care ; unemployment ; gender difference ; population attributable fraction ; cross-sectional studies ; orthopaedics ; artificial intelligence ; computer vision ; digital image processing ; deep learning ; decision support systems ; computer aided diagnosis ; sub-threshold lumbar instability ; non-radiological lumbar instability ; lumbar instability ; radiography ; lumbar translation ; lumbar rotation ; screening tool ; X-ray ; sensitivity ; specificity ; workplace interventions ; workers ; work ability ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; cognitive behavioral therapy ; mindfulness-based stress reduction ; depression ; fear-avoidance beliefs ; absenteeism ; epidemiology ; workplace ; epidural steroid injections ; lumbosacral radicular pain ; disk herniation ; canal stenosis ; review ; pelvic incidence ; hip–knee line ; anthropometry ; ROC curve ; reliability ; MRI ; CT ; bone metastasis ; bone cancer ; lung cancer ; prostate cancer ; machine learning ; radiomics ; signature ; spinal load ; core stability ; ergonomics ; low-back pain ; lower extremity ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The climate changes that are visible today are a challenge for the global research community. In this context, renewable energy sources, fuel cell systems, and other energy generating sources must be optimally combined and connected to the grid system using advanced energy transaction methods. As this book presents the latest solutions in the implementation of fuel cell and renewable energy in mobile and stationary applications such as hybrid and microgrid power systems based on energy internet, blockchain technology, and smart contracts, we hope that they are of interest to readers working in the related fields mentioned above.
    Keywords: irrigation system ; photovoltaic water pumping systems (PWPS) ; floating photovoltaic panels ; SCADA ; blockchain ; SolarCoin ; power factor ; reactive power ; capacitance ; harmonics ; telemetry ; Industry 4.0 ; battery management ; electric vehicle ; state of charge estimation ; Internet of Things ; smart contract ; Ethereum ; IOTA ; artificial intelligence ; information security ; UN sustainable development goals ; UN SDGs ; carbon trading ; dApp ; M2V ; IPFS ; charging scheduling ; Great-Circle Distance ; local electricity market ; smart grids ; energy crowdsourcing ; renewable energy sources ; prosumers ; blockchain technology ; energy poverty ; smart contracts ; hybrid power system ; nano-grid ; fuel cell ; fuel economy ; power tracking ; optimization ; droop control ; mesh microgrids ; power sharing ; synchronization ; system stability ; robustness analysis ; constant power load ; reconfiguration ; controller design analysis ; networked control systems (NCSs) ; network security ; delays ; sampling ; energy grids ; energy producers ; cold spinning reserve ; DLT ; brokerage ; SMEs ; energy optimisation ; interleaved boost converter ; DC/DC converter ; hybrid electric boat ; energy storage system (ESS) ; RST control ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 91
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book was established after the 8th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications.
    Keywords: robust optimization ; differential evolution ; ROOT ; optimization framework ; drainage rehabilitation ; overflooding ; pipe breaking ; VCO ; CMOS differential pair ; PVT variations ; Monte Carlo analysis ; multi-objective optimization ; Pareto Tracer ; continuation ; constraint handling ; surrogate modeling ; multiobjective optimization ; evolutionary algorithms ; kriging method ; ensemble method ; adaptive algorithm ; liquid storage tanks ; base excitation ; artificial intelligence ; Multi-Gene Genetic Programming ; computational fluid dynamics ; finite volume method ; JSSP ; CMOSA ; CMOTA ; chaotic perturbation ; fixed point arithmetic ; FP16 ; pseudo random number generator ; incorporation of preferences ; multi-criteria classification ; decision-making process ; multi-objective evolutionary optimization ; outranking relationships ; decision maker profile ; profile assessment ; region of interest approximation ; optimization using preferences ; hybrid evolutionary approach ; forecasting ; Convolutional Neural Network ; LSTM ; COVID-19 ; deep learning ; trust region methods ; multiobjective descent ; derivative-free optimization ; radial basis functions ; fully linear models ; decision making process ; cognitive tasks ; recommender system ; project portfolio selection problem ; usability evaluation ; multi-objective portfolio optimization problem ; trapezoidal fuzzy numbers ; density estimators ; steady state algorithms ; protein structure prediction ; Hybrid Simulated Annealing ; Template-Based Modeling ; structural biology ; Metropolis ; optimization ; linear programming ; energy central ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
    Language: English
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  • 92
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: What does human enhancement technology (HET) and artificial intelligence (AI) have to do with religion? This book explores, specifically, the intersection of HET and AI with spiritual health, Christianity, and ethics. The exploration strengthens an emergent, robust body of publications about human enhancement ethics. What does it mean to make us “better” must also address the potential spiritual implications. Concern for spiritual health promises to make the study of religion and human enhancement ethics increasingly pressing in the public sphere. Some of the most significant possible and probable spiritual impacts of HET and AI are probed. Topics include warfare, robots, chatbots, moral bioenhancement, spiritual psychotherapy, superintelligence, ecology, fasting, and psychedelics. Two sections comprise this book: one addresses spirituality in relation to HETs and AI, and one addresses Christianity in relation to HETs and AI.
    Keywords: spiritual ; Replika ; AI ; ethics ; Spiritual AIM ; spiritual assessment ; chat-bot ; fabulation ; attribution and ascription ; machine agents ; spiritually authorizing encounter ; Spirituality Chatbot ; ELIZA effect ; Mindar ; artificial intelligence (AI) ; aging ; longevity ; deep aging clocks (DACs) ; Incarnation ; fasting ; biohorology ; artificial intelligence ; drone ; remote warfare ; spiritual health ; PTSD ; spirituality ; moral bioenhancement ; Christianity ; virtue ; dignity ; justice ; empathy ; psychedelic drugs ; mystical experience ; psychedelic therapy ; Huston Smith ; psychedelic spirituality ; psychedelics and religion ; psychedelics and theology ; psychedelic churches ; intelligence ; superintelligence ; machine intelligence ; intelligence amplification ; reason ; love ; transhumanism ; public theology ; AI ethics ; Knud Løgstrup ; cognitive and moral enhancement ; volition ; conversion ; Rome Call for AI Ethics ; environment ; technology ; ecological solidarity ; Catholicism ; Aaron Beck ; cognitive therapy ; enhancement ; mental health ; pastoral care ; psychotherapy ; spiritual care ; spiritual caregivers ; spiritual distress ; biotechnologies ; extended life ; pregnancy ; constructive theology ; malthusian crisis ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
    Language: English
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Modern societies demand high and varied mobility, which in turn requires a complex transport system adapted to social needs that guarantees the movement of people and goods in an economically efficient and safe way, but all are subject to a new environmental rationality and the new logic of the paradigm of sustainability. From this perspective, an efficient and flexible transport system that provides intelligent and sustainable mobility patterns is essential to our economy and our quality of life. The current transport system poses growing and significant challenges for the environment, human health, and sustainability, while current mobility schemes have focused much more on the private vehicle that has conditioned both the lifestyles of citizens and cities, as well as urban and territorial sustainability. Transport has a very considerable weight in the framework of sustainable development due to environmental pressures, associated social and economic effects, and interrelations with other sectors. The continuous growth that this sector has experienced over the last few years and its foreseeable increase, even considering the change in trends due to the current situation of generalized crisis, make the challenge of sustainable transport a strategic priority at local, national, European, and global levels. This Special Issue will pay attention to all those research approaches focused on the relationship between evolution in the area of transport with a high incidence in the environment from the perspective of efficiency.
    Keywords: optimization models ; timetable ; passenger waiting time ; vehicle occupancy ratio ; intelligent transportation systems ; demand prediction ; taxi recommendation ; vehicle social network ; ride-hailing ; urban rail transit (URT) ; exploratory data analysis (EDA) ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; sustainable transport systems ; intelligent transportation systems (ITS) ; big-data applications ; dynamic bus travel time prediction ; wide and deep ; data fusion ; attention ; recurrent neural network ; deep neural networks ; intelligent transportation ; railway ; CPS ; security ; safety ; critical infrastructure ; carsharing ; data analysis ; delays ; demand ; public transit ; taxi ; complex network analysis ; centrality measures ; network robustness ; ridership patterns ; clustering analysis ; passenger flow ; Barcelona underground ; artificial intelligence ; Big Data analytics ; forecasting systems ; recommender system ; Fintech ; passenger traffic ; artificial neural network ; regression analysis ; reputation algorithm ; users’ reputation ; transport ; software application ; deep learning ; energy consumption ; sustainable cities ; transfer learning ; wastewater treatment plants ; unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; multi-objective optimization ; integer programming ; GLPK ; variable neighborhood search ; search and rescue ; learning recommender system ; learning object ; learning videos ; content-based ; collaborative filtering ; users’ profiling ; data extraction ; natural language processing ; mapping application ; time series forecasting ; HTM ; regression ; machine intelligence ; cyber-attack detection ; IoT ; trust ; energy trading ; trusted negotiations ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 94
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Recent advances in electronics have led to sensors whose sizes and weights are such that they can be placed on living systems without impairing their natural motion and habits. They may be worn on the body as accessories or as part of the clothing and enable personalized mobile information processing. Wearable sensors open the way for a nonintrusive and continuous monitoring of body orientation, movements, and various physiological parameters during motor activities in real-life settings. Thus, they may become crucial tools not only for researchers, but also for clinicians, as they have the potential to improve diagnosis, better monitor disease development and thereby individualize treatment. Wearable sensors should obviously go unnoticed for the people wearing them and be intuitive in their installation. They should come with wireless connectivity and low-power consumption. Moreover, the electronics system should be self-calibrating and deliver correct information that is easy to interpret. Cross-platform interfaces that provide secure data storage and easy data analysis and visualization are needed.This book contains a selection of research papers presenting new results addressing the above challenges.
    Keywords: inertial measurement unit ; movement analysis ; long-track speed skating ; validity ; IMU ; principal component analysis ; wearable ; scoring ; carving ; balance assessment ; data augmentation ; gated recurrent unit ; human activity recognition ; one-dimensional convolutional neural network ; intermittent claudication ; vascular rehabilitation ; 6 min walking test ; functional walking ; TUG ; kinematics ; fall risk ; logistic regression ; elderly ; inertial sensor ; artificial intelligence ; supervised machine learning ; head rotation test ; neck pain ; cerebral palsy ; dystonia ; choreoathetosis ; machine learning ; home-based ; wearable device ; MLP ; gesture recognition ; flex sensor ; model search ; neural network ; inertial measurement unit—IMU ; movement complexity ; sample entropy ; trunk flexion ; low back pain ; lifting technique ; camera system ; ward clustering method ; K-means clustering method ; ensemble clustering method ; Bayesian neural network ; pain self-efficacy questionnaire ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
    Language: English
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