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  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (97,010)
  • Hindawi  (10,060)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2015-2019  (107,071)
  • 1950-1954
  • 2019  (107,071)
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Publisher
Years
  • 2015-2019  (107,071)
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
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    Glucose as a Potential Chemical Marker for Ice Nucleating Activity in Arctic Seawater and Melt Pond Samples (2019)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    In:  EPIC3Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society (ACS), 53(15), pp. 8747-8756, ISSN: 0013-936X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-12
    Description: Recent studies pointed to a high ice nucleating activity (INA) in the Arctic sea surface microlayer (SML). However, related chemical information is still sparse. In the present study, INA and free glucose concentrations were quantified in Arctic SML and bulk water samples from the marginal ice zone, the ice-free ocean, melt ponds, and open waters within the ice pack. T50 (defining INA) ranged from −17.4 to −26.8 °C. Glucose concentrations varied from 0.6 to 51 μg/L with highest values in the SML from the marginal ice zone and melt ponds (median 16.3 and 13.5 μg/L) and lower values in the SML from the ice pack and the ice-free ocean (median 3.9 and 4.0 μg/L). Enrichment factors between the SML and the bulk ranged from 0.4 to 17. A positive correlation was observed between free glucose concentration and INA in Arctic water samples (T50(°C) = (−25.6 ± 0.6) + (0.15 ± 0.04)·Glucose(μg/L), RP = 0.66, n = 74). Clustering water samples based on phytoplankton pigment composition resulted in robust but different correlations within the four clusters (RP between 0.67 and 0.96), indicating a strong link to phytoplankton-related processes. Since glucose did not show significant INA itself, free glucose may serve as a potential tracer for INA in Arctic water samples.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Multi-Objective Optimization of Drainage Networks for Flood Control in Urban Area Due to Climate Change (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-12
    Description: The Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) of the United Nations mentions that extreme rainfalls might increase their intensity and frequency in most mid-latitude locations and tropical regions by the end of this century, as a consequence of the rise of the average global surface temperature. Human action has given way to global warming which manifests with an increase in extreme rainfall. If these climatic conditions are added to the waterproofing that cities have been experiencing as a result of urban development, a scenario of growing concern for the managers of drainage systems is generated. The objective of drainage networks is preventing the accumulation of rainwater on the surface. Under the new conditions of climate change, these need to be modified and adapted to provide cities with the security they demand. The following article describes a method for flood control by using a rehabilitation model that connects the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) 5 model with a genetic algorithm to find the best solutions to the flood problem. The final analysis is performed using the Pareto efficiency criteria. The innovation of this method is the inclusion of a local head loss in the drainage network, allowing the upstream flow to be retained by decreasing the downstream concentration time. These elements called hydraulic controls improve system performance and are installed in the initial part of some pipes coming out of storm tanks. As a case study, the developed method has been applied in a section of the drainage network of the city of Bogotá.
    Electronic ISSN: 2504-3900
    Topics: Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 3
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    The Determination of Parkinson’s Drugs in Human Urine by Applying Chemometric Methods (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: The spectrophotometric-chemometric analysis of levodopa and carbidopa that are used for Parkinson’s disease was analyzed without any prior reservation. Parkinson’s drugs in the urine sample of a healthy person (never used drugs in his life) were analyzed at the same time spectrophotometrically. The chemometric methods used were partial least squares regression (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR). PLS and PCR were successfully applied as chemometric determination of levodopa and carbidopa in human urine samples. A concentration set including binary mixtures of levodopa and carbidopa in 15 different combinations was randomly prepared in acetate buffer (pH 3.5).). UV spectrophotometry is a relatively inexpensive, reliable, and less time-consuming method. Minitab program was used for absorbance and concentration values. The normalization values for each active substance were good (r2〉0.9997). Additionally, experimental data were validated statistically. The results of the analyses of the results revealed high recoveries and low standard deviations. Hence, the results encouraged us to apply the method to drug analysis. The proposed methods are highly sensitive and precise, and therefore they were implemented for the determination of the active substances in the urine sample of a healthy person in triumph.
    Print ISSN: 1687-8760
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-8779
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 4
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    Adaptive Principal Component Analysis Combined with Feature Extraction-Based Method for Feature Identification in Manufacturing (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: This paper developed a principal component analysis (PCA)-integrated algorithm for feature identification in manufacturing; this algorithm is based on an adaptive PCA-based scheme for identifying image features in vision-based inspection. PCA is a commonly used statistical method for pattern recognition tasks, but an effective PCA-based approach for identifying suitable image features in manufacturing has yet to be developed. Unsuitable image features tend to yield poor results when used in conventional visual inspections. Furthermore, research has revealed that the use of unsuitable or redundant features might influence the performance of object detection. To address these problems, the adaptive PCA-based algorithm developed in this study entails the identification of suitable image features using a support vector machine (SVM) model for inspecting of various object images; this approach can be used for solving the inherent problem of detection that occurs when the extraction contains challenging image features in manufacturing processes. The results of experiments indicated that the proposed algorithm can successfully be used to adaptively select appropriate image features. The algorithm combines image feature extraction and PCA/SVM classification to detect patterns in manufacturing. The algorithm was determined to achieve high-performance detection and to outperform the existing methods.
    Print ISSN: 1687-725X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-7268
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
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    Molecularly Imprinted Polymers-Coated CdTe Quantum Dots for Highly Sensitive and Selective Fluorescent Determination of Ferulic Acid (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Ferulic acid (FA), an important phenolic acid, is widely distributed in higher plants and presents many pharmacological effects. Therefore, sensitive determination of FA in complex matrix is necessary. Molecularly imprinted polymers-coated CdTe quantum dots (CdTe-QDs@MIPs) exhibited incomparable advantages because of their combination of excellent selectivity of MIPs and high sensitivity of QDs. Here, a fluorescent probe based on CdTe-QDs@MIPs was successfully fabricated for selective and sensitive determination of FA. MIPs shell was obtained by the reverse microemulsion method using FA, 3-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), as template, functional monomer, and crosslinker. In optimal conditions, the fluorescence CdTe-QDs@MIPs sensor exhibited fast response (within only 3 min), high sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD at 0.85 μg/l), excellent linear ranges (2–100 μg/l) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996, and distinguished selectivity for FA. Satisfactory recoveries from 91.8% to 110.3% were achieved with precisions below 6.6% for FA analysis in real pineapple juice and apple juice by developed CdTe-QDs@MIPs. The fluorescence results coincided well with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It could be concluded that the resultant CdTe-QDs@MIPs offered a new way for rapid and sensitive analysis of FA in the complex matrix.
    Print ISSN: 2090-8865
    Electronic ISSN: 2090-8873
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 6
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    Hopfield Neural Network Method for Problem of Telescoping Path Optimization of Single-Cylinder Pin-Type Multisection Boom (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Telescoping path optimization (TPO) of single-cylinder pin-type multisection boom (SPMB) is a practical engineering problem that is valuable to investigate. This article studies the TPO problem and finds the key of TPO is to obtain the maximum retraction backmost combination. A mathematic model on the basis of the quadratic penalty function of a Hopfield neural network (HNN) is constructed. Two strategies are presented to improve the performance of TPO model: one is proportional integral derivative (PID) strategy that adaptively adjusts the parameter λ of the constrained term and the parameter of the optimization objective term by controlling the value of constraint violation and the other is efficiency factor strategy that an efficiency factor is introduced in model for prioritizing the constrained term over the objective term. Data test shows that compared with the path of boom length changing before optimization, both the number of sections that need to be moved and the total travels of cylinder can be reduced by 10%-30% after optimization. Both the PID strategy and the efficiency factor strategy achieve good optimization effects. The efficiency factor strategy is excellent at moderating the conflicts between the constrained term and the objective term; thus the generations of the valid and the optimal solutions get well improved.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 7
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    Study on the Optimization Model of a Flexible Transmission (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: A belt drive and a chain drive are the main types of flexible power transmission. In the traditional belt and chain drive design process, engineers need to do a lot of rework to get a design. To solve this problem, taking the Shell Eco-Marathon vehicle as an example, the traditional design and optimization design of the transmission system are carried out. In the optimization design, component optimization and overall optimization design model of the belt and chain drive are first established. Second, the charts in the design manual are converted into formulas by using MATLAB. Finally, an optimization design model is established in Microsoft Excel, and the Excel Solver tool is used to find the optimal design result. The design method proposed in this paper can effectively determine the optimal design of transmission system and provides a new method for the processing of such problems.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
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    Superresolution 2D DOA Estimation for a Rectangular Array via Reweighted Decoupled Atomic Norm Minimization (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: This paper proposes a superresolution two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm for a rectangular array based on the optimization of the atomic norm and a series of relaxation formulations. The atomic norm of the array response describes the minimum number of sources, which is derived from the atomic norm minimization (ANM) problem. However, the resolution is restricted and high computational complexity is incurred by using ANM for 2D angle estimation. Although an improved algorithm named decoupled atomic norm minimization (DAM) has a reduced computational burden, the resolution is still relatively low in terms of angle estimation. To overcome these limitations, we propose the direct minimization of the atomic norm, which is demonstrated to be equivalent to a decoupled rank optimization problem in the positive semidefinite (PSD) form. Our goal is to solve this rank minimization problem and recover two decoupled Toeplitz matrices in which the azimuth-elevation angles of interest are encoded. Since rank minimization is an NP-hard problem, a novel sparse surrogate function is further proposed to effectively approximate the two decoupled rank functions. Then, the new optimization problem obtained through the above relaxation can be implemented via the majorization-minimization (MM) method. The proposed algorithm offers greatly improved resolution while maintaining the same computational complexity as the DAM algorithm. Moreover, it is possible to use a single snapshot for angle estimation without prior information on the number of sources, and the algorithm is robust to noise due to its iterative nature. In addition, the proposed surrogate function can achieve local convergence faster than existing functions.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 9
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    Extensions and Applications of Power-Type Aczél-Vasić-Pečarić’s Inequalities (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: In this paper, we enrich and develop power-type Aczél-Vasić-Pečarić’s inequalities. First of all, we give some new versions of theorems and corollaries about Aczél-Vasić-Pečarić’s inequalities by quoting some lemmas. Moreover, in combination with Hölder’s inequality, we give some applications of the new version of Aczél-Vasić-Pečarić’s inequality and give its proof process.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 10
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    The Existence Result for a Class of p-Kirchhoff-Type Problem with a Multilinear Growth Nonlinearity (2019)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: In this paper, we firstly discuss the existence of the least energy sign-changing solutions for a class of p-Kirchhoff-type problems with a -linear growth nonlinearity. The quantitative deformation lemma and Non-Nehari manifold method are used in the paper to prove the main results. Remarkably, we use a new method to verify that . The main results of our paper are the existence of the least energy sign-changing solution and its corresponding energy doubling property. Moreover, we also give the convergence property of the least energy sign-changing solution as the parameter .
    Print ISSN: 1026-0226
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-887X
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Hindawi
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