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  • 1
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    Distribution of Pb-210 and Po-210 in the arctic water column during the 2007 sea-ice minimum: Particle export in the ice-covered basins. (2019)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © The Authors, 2018. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Roca-Marti, M., Puigcorbe, V., Friedrich, J., van der Loeff, M. R., Rabe, B., Korhonen, M., Camara-Mor, P., Garcia-Orellana, J., & Masque, P. (2018). Distribution of pb-210 and po-210 in the arctic water column during the 2007 sea-ice minimum: Particle export in the ice-covered basins. Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 142, 94-106, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2018.09.011.
    Description: 210Pb and 210Po are naturally occurring radionuclides that are commonly used as a proxy for particle and carbon export. In this study, the distribution of the 210Po/210Pb pair was investigated in the water column of the Barents, Kara and Laptev Seas and the Nansen, Amundsen and Makarov Basins in order to understand the particle dynamics in the Arctic Ocean during the 2007 sea-ice minimum (August-September). Minimum activities of total 210Pb and 210Po were found in the upper and lower haloclines (approx. 60-130 m), which are partly attributed to particle scavenging over the shelves, boundary current transport and subsequent advection of the water with low 210Pb and 210Po activities into the central Arctic. Widespread and substantial (〉50%) deficits of 210Po with respect to 210Pb were detected from surface waters to 200 m on the shelves, but also in the basins. This was particularly important in the Makarov Basin where, despite very low chlorophyll-a levels, estimates of annual new primary production were three times higher than in the Eurasian Basin. In the Nansen, Amundsen and Makarov 32 Basins, estimates of annual new primary production correlated with the deficits of 210Po in the upper 200 m of the water column, suggesting that in situ production and subsequent export of biogenic material were the mechanisms that controlled the removal of 210Po in the central Arctic. Unlike 210Po, 234Th deficits measured during the same expedition were found to be very small and not significant below 25 m in the basins (Cai et al., 2010), which indicates, given the shorter half-life of 234Th, that particle export fluxes in the central Arctic would have been higher before July-August in 2007 than later in the season.
    Description: We would like to thank the crew of the R/V Polarstern and the scientists on board for their cooperation during the ARK-XXII/2 expedition. We greatly appreciate the hard work of Oliver Lechtenfeld who collected and processed the samples on board. Thanks to Dorothea Bauch for sharing her results on freshwater origin and Adam Ulfsbo for providing insightful comments on the estimates of primary production. This project was partly supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CTM2011-28452, Spain). We wish to acknowledge the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya to the research group MERS (2017 SGR-1588). This work is contributing to the ICTA ‘Unit of Excellence’ (MinECo, MDM2015-0552). M.R.-M. was supported by a Spanish PhD fellowship (AP2010-2510) and an Australian postdoctoral fellowship (2017 Endeavour Research Fellowship).
    Description: 2019-10-22
    Keywords: Particle export ; Annual new primary production ; Scavenging ; 210Po/210Pb ; Arctic Ocean ; 2007 sea-ice minimum
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 2
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    Underground gamma-ray measurements of radium isotopes from hydrothermal plumes in the deep Pacific Ocean (2019)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hult, M., Charette, M., Lutter, G., Marissens, G., Henderson, P., Sobiech-Matura, K., & Simgen, H. Underground gamma-ray measurements of radium isotopes from hydrothermal plumes in the deep Pacific Ocean. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 153, (2019): 108831, doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108831.
    Description: The radium isotopes 226Ra and 228Ra can provide important data on the dynamics of deep-sea hydrothermal plumes that travel the oceans for decades and have great impact on the ocean chemistry. This study focuses on parameters important for obtaining low detection limits for 228Ra using gamma-ray spectrometry. It is present at mBq-levels in samples collected during the US GEOTRACES 2013 cruise to the Southeast Pacific Ocean.
    Description: The work of the HADES-staff of Euridice at SCK•CEN is gratefully acknowledged. We are most grateful to Dr. Faidra Tzika for her work in the precursor to this project. Many thanks to Heiko Stroh for quality control and measurements in HADES. This research was supported in part by grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation, Ocean Sciences division (OCE-1232669 and OCE-1736277).
    Keywords: γ-ray spectrometry ; HPGe detectors ; Hydrothermal plume ; Climate change ; Underground laboratory ; GEOTRACES
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Towards integrating evolution, metabolism, and climate change studies of marine ecosystems (2019)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Baltar, F., Bayer, B., Bednarsek, N., Deppeler, S., Escribano, R., Gonzalez, C. E., Hansman, R. L., Mishra, R. K., Moran, M. A., Repeta, D. J., Robinson, C., Sintes, E., Tamburini, C., Valentin, L. E., & Herndl, G. J. Towards integrating evolution, metabolism, and climate change studies of marine ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 34(11), (2019): 1022-1033, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.07.003.
    Description: Global environmental changes are challenging the structure and functioning of ecosystems. However, a mechanistic understanding of how global environmental changes will affect ecosystems is still lacking. The complex and interacting biological and physical processes spanning vast temporal and spatial scales that constitute an ecosystem make this a formidable problem. A unifying framework based on ecological theory, that considers fundamental and realized niches, combined with metabolic, evolutionary, and climate change studies, is needed to provide the mechanistic understanding required to evaluate and forecast the future of marine communities, ecosystems, and their services.
    Description: This work arose from the international workshop IMBIZO 5: Marine biosphere research for a sustainable ocean: Linking ecosystems, future states and resource management, organized by the IMBeR (Integrated Marine Biosphere Research) Program, and held at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in October 2017. In particular, this work was generated from the working group from Workshop 2: Metabolic diversity and evolution in marine biogeochemical cycling and ocean ecosystem processes. The constructive criticism of three reviewers on a previous version of the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged. F.B. was supported by a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship by the Royal Society of New Zealand. G.J.H. was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project ARTEMIS (P28781-B21).
    Keywords: Marine ecosystems ; Niche ; Evolution ; Metabolism ; Climate change
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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