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  • 04.04. Geology  (2)
  • Birth matrix-mating rule  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Springer International Publishing  (1)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 2015-2019  (3)
  • 2018  (3)
  • 1
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    Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: In line with the concept proposed by Aristotle (384–322 BC), ethics reflects on the conduct of humans and the criteria with which to evaluate behaviors and choices in order to identify “true good” including the means to achieve this goal. It also addresses the moral duties of humans towards themselves and others, and what is the right thing to do when facing a decision. Regarding the practice of a profession, ethics is the identification of duties and rights that regulate the professional activity (deontology) by members of a social group, who are characterized by the possession of specific technical scientific knowledge, methods and tools for its application. There are values that the human community accepts as universally representative of individual and social good, because of the universal character of the human species itself, such as honesty, justice, responsibility, respect for life, and the environment. However, depending on the cultural context, and considering time and place, the ways in which values are applied can change. In the end, ethics concerns all humans, without distinction, and especially those who have major scientific, political, and social roles, and who certainly have to face issues of great ethical value.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-5
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Keywords: Ethics ; Geoethics ; Engineering Geology ; Deontology ; Research Integrity ; Code of ethics ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-03-08
    Description: This contribution proposes a cautious way of constructing the susceptibility classes obtained from favourability modeling of landslide occurrences. It is based on the ranks of the numerical values obtained by the modelling. Such ranks can be displayed in the form of histograms, cumulative curves, and prediction patterns resembling maps. A number of models have been proposed and in this contribution the following will be compared in terms of their respective rankings for equal area classes: fuzzy set function, empirical likelihood ratio, linear and logistic regression, and Bayesian prediction function. The analyses performed and contrasted exemplify a generalized methodology for comparing predictions that should allow evaluating prediction patterns from any model. Unfortunately, many applications in the scientific literature use methods of characterizing prediction quality that make comparison hard or impossible. A database from a study area in the Mountain Community of Tirano in Valtellina, Lombardy Region, northern Italy, is used to illustrate how the results of the different models and strategies of analysis show the relevance of the properties of the database over those of the models.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1135-1144
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Keywords: Landslide susceptibility, spatial support, spatial relationships, prediction models, prediction patterns, target pattern, ranked classes, cross-validation, database signature ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Population Ecology 60 (2018): 21-36, doi:10.1007/s10144-018-0615-8.
    Description: Models of sexually-reproducing populations that consider only a single sex cannot capture the effects of sex-specific demographic differences and mate availability. We present a new framework for two-sex demographic models that implements and extends the birth-matrix mating-rule approach of Pollak. The model is a continuous-time matrix model that explicitly includes the processes of mating (which is nonlinear but homogeneous), offspring production, and demographic transitions and survival. The resulting nonlinear model converges to exponential growth with an equilibrium population composition. The model can incorporate age- or stage-structured life histories and flexible mating functions. As an example, we apply the model to analyze the effects of mating strategies (polygamy or monogamy, and mated unions composed of males and females, of variable duration) on the response to sex-biased harvesting. The combination of demographic complexity with the interaction of the sexes can have major population dynamic effects and can change the outcome of evolution on sex-related characters.
    Description: This work was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to ES, under Grant 1122374. HC acknowledges support from NSF Grants DEB1145017 and DEB1257545 and support from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), ERC Advanced Grant 322989. ES acknowledges support from the Academic Programs office of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Keywords: Birth matrix-mating rule ; BMMR ; Demography ; Matrix population models ; Sex-biased harvest ; Two-sex models
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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