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  • American Institute of Physics  (15,398)
  • Hindawi  (13,560)
  • 2015-2019  (28,958)
  • 1970-1974
  • 2015  (28,958)
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  • 2015-2019  (28,958)
  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
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    Sources of variability in consonant perception of normal-hearing listeners (2015)
    American Institute of Physics
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 138 (3). pp. 1253-1267.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-11
    Description: Responses obtained in consonant perception experiments typically show a large variability across stimuli of the same phonetic identity. The present study investigated the influence of different potential sources of this response variability. It was distinguished between source-induced variability, referring to perceptual differences caused by acoustical differences in the speech tokens and/or the masking noise tokens, and receiver-related variability, referring to perceptual differences caused by within- and across-listener uncertainty. Consonant-vowel combinations consisting of 15 consonants followed by the vowel /i/ were spoken by two talkers and presented to eight normal-hearing listeners both in quiet and in white noise at six different signal-to-noise ratios. The obtained responses were analyzed with respect to the different sources of variability using a measure of the perceptual distance between responses. The speech-induced variability across and within talkers and the across-listener variability were substantial and of similar magnitude. The noise-induced variability, obtained with time-shifted realizations of the same random process, was smaller but significantly larger than the amount of within-listener variability, which represented the smallest effect. The results have implications for the design of consonant perception experiments and provide constraints for future models of consonant perception.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Exact Analytical Solution of the -Dimensional Radial Schrödinger Equation with Pseudoharmonic Potential via Laplace Transform Approach (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: The second-order -dimensional Schrödinger equation with pseudoharmonic potential is reduced to a first-order differential equation by using the Laplace transform approach and exact bound state solutions are obtained using convolution theorem. Some special cases are verified and variations of energy eigenvalues as a function of dimension are furnished. To give an extra depth of this paper, the present approach is also briefly investigated for generalized Morse potential as an example.
    Print ISSN: 1687-7357
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-7365
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
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    Properties of Stark Resonant States in Exactly Solvable Systems (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Properties of Stark resonant states are studied in two exactly solvable systems. These resonances are shown to form a biorthogonal system with respect to a pairing defined by a contour integral that selects states with outgoing wave boundary conditions. Analytic expressions are derived for the pseudonorm, dipole moment, and coupling matrix elements which relate systems with different strengths of the external field. All results are based on explicit calculations made possible by a newly designed integration method for combinations of Airy functions representing resonant eigenstates. Generalizations for one-dimensional systems with short-range potentials are presented, and relations are identified which are likely to hold in systems with three spatial dimensions.
    Print ISSN: 1687-9120
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-9139
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
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  • 4
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    Exploring Mean Annual Precipitation Values (2003–2012) in a Specific Area (36°N–43°N, 113°E–120°E) Using Meteorological, Elevational, and the Nearest Distance to Coastline Variables (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Gathering very accurate spatially explicit data related to the distribution of mean annual precipitation is required when laying the groundwork for the prevention and mitigation of water-related disasters. In this study, four Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) models were compared to estimate the spatial distribution of mean annual precipitation of the selected areas. Meteorological data from 48 meteorological stations were used, and spatial correlations between three meteorological factors and two topological factors were analyzed to improve the mapping results including annual precipitation, average temperature, average water vapor pressure, elevation, and distance to coastline. Some missing annual precipitation data were estimated based on their historical probability distribution and were assimilated as soft data in the BME method. Based on this, the univariate BME, multivariate BME, univariate BME with soft data, and multivariate BME with soft data analysis methods were compared. The estimation accuracy was assessed by cross-validation with the mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that multivariate BME with soft data outperformed the other methods, indicating that adding the spatial correlations between multivariate factors and soft data can help improve the estimation performance.
    Print ISSN: 1687-9309
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-9317
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
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    Robust Response of Streamflow Drought to Different Timescales of Meteorological Drought in Xiangjiang River Basin of China (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Meteorological drought can evolve into all aspects of hydrologic system such as soil layer, groundwater, and river discharge, leading to agricultural drought, groundwater drought, and streamflow drought, respectively. How does it propagate? Is there any strong relationship between meteorological drought and others? These issues need further understanding regarding different climate regions. In this paper, monthly SRI and SPEI at different timescales during 1976 and 2005 were utilized to understand how streamflow drought responded to meteorological drought in Xiangjiang river basin, a semihumid basin of Central China. Impressive findings included that strong correlations between SRI and SPEI were found. SPEI of 2-month timescale behaved best when correlating with SRI (). Longer timescales of SPEI seemed not to be useful for streamflow drought identification. At seasonal scale, higher correlation coefficients were obtained during dry season, whereas lower coefficients were found in wet season. The maximum reached up to 0.89 in November at 2-month timescale. Besides, robust response relation between streamflow drought and meteorological drought was also found. The average response rate () was considerably high (75.4%), with the maximum obtained at 2-month timescale (%). Meanwhile, important seasonal difference of response rate has also been pointed out.
    Print ISSN: 1687-9309
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-9317
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 6
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    Transcriptional Activation of p53 during Cold Induced Torpor in the 13-Lined Ground Squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: The transcription factor p53 is located at the centre of multiple pathways relating the cellular response to stress. Commonly known as a tumor suppressor, it is responsible for initiating diverse actions to protect the integrity of the genome, ranging from cell cycle arrest to apoptosis. This study investigated the regulation of p53 protein in hibernating 13-lined ground squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus during multiple stages of the torpor-arousal cycle. Transcript and protein levels of p53 were both elevated in the skeletal muscle during early and late torpor stages of the hibernation cycle. Nuclear localization of p53 was also increased during late torpor, and this is associated with an increase in its DNA binding activity and expression of p53 transcriptional targets p21CIP, gadd45α, and 14-3-3σ. The increase in p53 transcriptional activity appears to be independent of its phosphorylation at Ser-15, Ser-46, and Ser-392, consistent with an absence of checkpoint kinase activation during torpor. Sequence analysis revealed unique amino acid substitutions in the ground squirrel p53 protein, which may contribute to an increase in protein stability compared to nonhibernators. Overall, the study results provided evidences for a potential role of p53 in the protection of the skeletal muscle during torpor.
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
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    Comparative In Vitro Binding Studies of TiCl2(dpme)2, Ti(ada)2(bzac)2, and TiCl2(bzac)(bpme) Titanium Complexes with Calf-Thymus DNA (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: The binding of TiCl2(dpme)2 (1), (dpme = 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), Ti(ada)2(bzac)2 (2), (ada = adamantylamine; bzac = benzoylacetone), and TiCl2(bzac)(bpme) (3), (bpme = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyrdine) with calf thymus (ct) DNA has been studied by UV-visible spectroscopy, thermal denaturation, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. In UV-visible study complexes 1, 2, and 3 showed red, blue, and red shifts, respectively, upon the addition of ct-DNA along with a significant hyperchromism. The intrinsic binding constants () calculated from UV-visible absorption studies were 2.3 × 103 M−1, 3.3 × 103 M−1 and, 7.1 × 103 M−1 for complexes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The change in melting temperature (Δ) was calculated to be 2-3°C for each complex. Circular dichroism (CD) study showed blue shift for complex 2 and red shift for complexes 1 and 3 along with rise in molecular ellipticity upon the addition of complexes. Results suggest a binding mode of complex 2 different than 1 and 3.
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
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    Numerical Simulation of Oil Jet Lubrication for High Speed Gears (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: The Geared Turbofan technology is one of the most promising engine configurations to significantly reduce the specific fuel consumption. In this architecture, a power epicyclical gearbox is interposed between the fan and the low pressure spool. Thanks to the gearbox, fan and low pressure spool can turn at different speed, leading to higher engine bypass ratio. Therefore the gearbox efficiency becomes a key parameter for such technology. Further improvement of efficiency can be achieved developing a physical understanding of fluid dynamic losses within the transmission system. These losses are mainly related to viscous effects and they are directly connected to the lubrication method. In this work, the oil injection losses have been studied by means of CFD simulations. A numerical study of a single oil jet impinging on a single high speed gear has been carried out using the VOF method. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate the resistant torque due to the oil jet lubrication, correlating the torque data with the oil-gear interaction phases. URANS calculations have been performed using an adaptive meshing approach, as a way of significantly reducing the simulation costs. A global sensitivity analysis of adopted models has been carried out and a numerical setup has been defined.
    Print ISSN: 1687-5966
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-5974
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
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    Carbon Sources for Yeast Growth as a Precondition of Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Hormetic Phenotype (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Hormesis is a phenomenon of particular interest in biology, medicine, pharmacology, and toxicology. In this study, we investigated the relationship between H2O2-induced hormetic response in S. cerevisiae and carbon sources in yeast growth medium. In general, our data indicate that (i) hydrogen peroxide induces hormesis in a concentration-dependent manner; (ii) the effect of hydrogen peroxide on yeast reproductive ability depends on the type of carbon substrate in growth medium; and (iii) metabolic and growth rates as well as catalase activity play an important role in H2O2-induced hormetic response in yeast.
    Print ISSN: 1687-918X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-9198
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 10
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    Investigation of Imbalanced Activated Carbon Electrode Supercapacitors (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Imbalanced supercapacitor was constructed by using various ratio of activated carbon (AC) of positive to negative electrode. The electrochemical behavior of imbalanced supercapacitor was investigated using 1.0 M spiro-(1,1′)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate electrolyte in propylene carbonate. The results showed that there are some factors that influenced the imbalanced supercapacitor with different AC ratio of positive to negative electrode, the utilization of AC, electrode potential distribution, and life cycle. The imbalanced supercapacitor with an AC weight ratio of 80 : 120 of positive to negative electrode has an average potential distribution in each electrode, and it revealed the best electrochemical performance: specific capacitor was 39.6 Fg−1, while the charge-discharge efficiency was 97.2% after 2000 life cycle tests.
    Print ISSN: 2090-3529
    Electronic ISSN: 2090-3537
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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