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  • Springer  (186,895)
  • 2015-2019  (186,895)
  • 1970-1974
  • 2018  (80,797)
  • 2015  (106,098)
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  • 2015-2019  (186,895)
  • 1970-1974
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Description: The dynamics of the Loop Current (LC) in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) during transient climates and interglacials, and its interaction with changes in sea level, atmospheric circulation, and Mississippi River (MR) discharge were studied. Geochemical proxy records and numerical modeling indicate that LC eddy shedding and its related heat transport into the GoM increased during the deglaciation. The model simulations imply decreased LC eddy shedding at lowered sea levels, while transports through Yucatan and Florida straits increased due to the southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and increased wind-driven transport in the North Atlantic. Consistent with the model, (isotope) geochemical proxy records from the northern GoM show glacial/interglacial amplitudes significantly larger than in the Caribbean and extreme cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) due to the vanishing LC eddy shedding. Prominent deglacial melt water releases observed south and west of the MR delta are neither present in the northeastern GoM, nor in sea-surface salinity-records in the subtropical North Atlantic. The freshwater signals were either a regionally restricted phenomenon or due to changes in the isotopic composition of the discharged water. Our results question the impact of MR megadischarges on the large-scale overturning circulation.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Description: The North Atlantic cold bias, associated with the misplacement of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) and typically extending from the surface to 1000 m depth, is a common problem in coupled models that compromises model fidelity. We investigate the use of a flow field correction (FFC) to adjust the path of the NAC and alleviate the cold bias. The FFC consists of three steps. First, climatological potential temperature (T) and salinity (S) fields for use with the model are produced using a three-dimensional restoring technique. Second, these T, S fields are used to modify the momentum equations of the ocean model. In the third stage, the correction term is diagnosed to construct a flow-independent correction. Results using the Kiel Climate Model show that the FFC allows the establishment of a northwest corner, substantially alleviating the subsurface cold bias. A cold bias remains at the surface but can be eliminated by additionally correcting the surface freshwater flux, without adjusting the surface heat flux seen by the ocean model. A model version in which only the surface fluxes of heat and freshwater are corrected continues to exhibit the incorrect path of the NAC and a strong subsurface bias. We also show that the bias in the atmospheric circulation is reduced in some corrected model versions. The FFC can be regarded as a way to correct for model error, e.g. associated with the deep water mass pathways and their impact on the large-scale ocean circulation, and unresolved processes such as eddy momentum flux convergence.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Springer
    Publication Date: 2023-11-08
    Description: Definition: Seamounts are literally mountains rising from the seafloor. More specifically, they are “any geographically isolated topographic feature on the seafloor taller than 100 m, including ones whose summit regions may temporarily emerge above sea level, but not including features that are located on continental shelves or that are part of other major landmasses” (Staudigel et al., 2010). The term “guyot” can be used for seamounts having a truncated cone shape with a flat summit produced by erosion at sea level (Hess, 1946), development of carbonate reefs (e.g., Flood, 1999), or partial collapse due to caldera formation (e.g., Batiza et al., 1984). Seamounts 〈1,000 m tall are sometimes referred to as “knolls” (e.g., Hirano et al., 2008). “Petit spots” are a newly discovered subset of sea knolls confined to the bulge of subducting oceanic plates of oceanic plates seaward of deep-sea trenches (Hirano et al., 2006).
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-08-15
    Description: This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the-art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change. The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future. The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.
    Type: Book , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Springer
    In:  Strategies for Sustainability
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: Here, expert authors delineate approaches that can support both decision makers as well as their concerned populations in overcoming unwarranted fears and in elaborating policies based on scientific evidence. Four exemplary focus areas were chosen for in-depth review, namely: - The scientific basis of risk management - Risk management in the area of environmental and ecological policy - Risk management in radiation medicine - Risk management in context with digitalization and robotics General as well as specific recommendations are summarized in a memorandum. Fundamental thoughts on the topic are presented in the introductory part of the book. The idea for and contents of the book were developed at a workshop on “Sustainable Risk Management: How to manage risks in a sensible and responsible manner?” held in Feldafing at Lake Starnberg (Germany) on April 14 to 16, 2016. The book offers important information and advice for scientists, entrepreneurs, administrators and politicians.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: Front Matter Pages I-XVII Einleitung Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 1-18 Akteure innerhalb und außerhalb der Region Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 19-43 Institutionen und Governance-Strukturen Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 45-66 Wissenschaftliche Zugänge: Die Arktis im Fokus der Internationalen Beziehungen Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 67-121 Empirische Beispiele Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 123-170 Schlussbetrachtung Kathrin Stephen, Sebastian Knecht, Golo M. Bartsch Pages 171-173 Back Matter Pages 175-181
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: This transdisciplinary volume puts forward proposals for wiser, socially just and sustainable socio-economic systems in transition. There is growing support for the view that the end of capitalism is around the corner, but on which conceptual and ethical basis can we interpret these times? With investigations into feminist economics, post-growth environmentalism, socio-technical digital design, collaborative and commons economics, the editors create a dialogue between radical knowledge/practices and contemplative social sciences to transgress disciplinary boundaries and implement new visions of reality. This important book challenges our ways of thinking and outlines a pathway for new research.
    Description: Introduction Giorgino, Vincenzo Mario Bruno (et al.) Seiten 1-11 In Search of a New Compass in the Great Transition: Toward Co-designing the Urban Space We Care About Giorgino, Vincenzo Mario Bruno Seiten 15-41 Navigating the Great Transition Via Post-capitalism and Contemplative Social Sciences Walsh, Zack Seiten 43-61 Having, Being, and the Commons Mattei, Ugo Seiten 63-71 Par Cum Pari: Notes on the Horizontality of Peer-to-Peer Relationships in the Context of the Verticality of a Hierarchy of Values Bauwens, Michel Seiten 73-88 Economics Beyond the Self Zsolnai, Laszlo Seiten 89-97 The Koan of the Market Nelson, Julie A. Seiten 99-107 Epistemology of Feminist Economics Łapniewska, Zofia Seiten 109-133 How to Make What Really Matters Count in Economic Decision-Making: Care, Domestic Violence, Gender-Responsive Budgeting, Macroeconomic Policies and Human Rights Bjørnholt, Margunn Seiten 135-159 Contemplative Economy and Contemplative Economics: Definitions, Branches and Methodologies Renteria-Uriarte, Xabier Seiten 161-187 From Smart Cities to Experimental Cities? Calzada, Igor Seiten 191-217 FirstLife: From Maps to Social Networks and Back Antonini, Alessio (et al.) Seiten 219-233 The Organic Internet: Building Communications Networks from the Grassroots Antoniadis, Panayotis Seiten 235-272 Technocratic Automation and Contemplative Overlays in Artificially Intelligent Criminal Sentencing Butler, Philip Seiten 273-296 One Bright Byte: Dōgen and the Re-embodiment of Digital Technologies Casacuberta, David Seiten 297-315
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 8
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach in Earth System Science, (Springer Earth System Sciences), Heidelberg [u.a.], Springer, 251 p., pp. 207-217, ISBN: 978-3-319-13864-0
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: The Weddell Sea basin is of particular significance for understanding climate processes, including the generation of ocean water masses and their influence on ocean circulation as well as the dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheets. The sedimentary record, preserved below the basin floor, serves as an archive of the pre-glacial to glacial development of these processes, which were accompanied by tectonic processes in its early glacial phase. Three multichannel seismic reflection transects, in total nearly 5,000 km long, are used to interpret horizons and define a seismostratigraphic model for the basin. We expand this initial stratigraphy model to the greater Weddell Sea region through a network of more than 50 additional seismic lines. Information from few boreholes are used to constrain sediment ages in this stratigraphy, supported by magnetic anomalies indicating decreasing oceanic basement ages from southeast to northwest. Using these constraints, we calculate grids to depict the depths, thicknesses and sedimentation rates of pre-glacial (145–34 Ma), transitional (34–15 Ma) and full-glacial (15 Ma to present) units. Sedimentation thicknesses and sedimentation rates were calculated at the 12 selected points in the entire basin to give a brief overview of the deposition history, which will contribute to the understanding of the Antarctic ice sheet development and dynamics from the greenhouse to icehouse world in the Cenozoic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 9
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach in Earth System Science, (Springer Earth System Sciences), Heidelberg [u.a.], Springer, Toward, 251 p., pp. 139-148, ISBN: 978-3-319-13865-7
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: Sea-ice elevation profiles and thickness measurements have been collected during summer 2011 in the Central Arctic. These two different data sets have been combined in order to obtain surface and bottom topography of the sea-ice. From the bottom profile, the keels of ridges are detected. Then, a parameterization of oceanic drag coefficients that accounts for the keels depth and density is applied. The calculated oceanic drag coefficients are highly variable (between about 2 × 10−3 and about 8 × 10−3) within the range of observed values. In order to estimate the contribution of variable drag coefficients on the Ekman pumping, the calculated drag coefficients are used in an idealized model experiment, where sea ice is drifting at constant velocity on an ocean at rest. The resulting variations of the Ekman vertical velocity are in the same order of magnitude as for variable ice velocity at the surface. In most state-of-the-art general circulation models, the variations of drag coefficients are not taken into account. The simple experiment carried out in the present study suggests that neglecting this contribution can lead to an incorrect representation of the momentum exchange between ice and ocean and to an underestimation of the Ekman pumping, with consequences for the large scale ocean circulation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 10
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach in Earth System Science, Earth System Science—Past Experiences and Future Trends, Heidelberg, Springer, pp. 3-7, ISBN: 978-3-319-13864-0, ISSN: 2197-9596
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: Earth System Science has developed over the last two decades from an interesting concept in Earth sciences education to a fully integrative science focussed on understanding the complex system Earth. This evolution is partially due to the radical and far reaching anthropogenic changes and the general feeling of helplessness with regards to the possible consequences and future impacts on the Earth System. This paper proposes that a paradigm shift in undergraduate and graduate education is needed to further develop Earth System Science. Graduate programs such as the Earth System Science Research School (ESSReS), which are intrinsically trans- and interdisciplinary will help to change rigid subject specific mind-set among faculty and students. The health and sustainability of our planet is at stake
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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