ALBERT

Beschreibung: Prattes et al. (2011) report ULF magnetic anomalous signals claiming them to be possibly precursor of the 6 April 2009 MW6.3 L’Aquila earthquake. This comment casts doubts on the possibility that the observed magnetic signatures could have a seismogenic origin by showing that these pre-earthquake signals are actually part of normal global geomagnetic activity.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1717–1719

Beschreibung: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: open

Beschreibung: n/a

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 125-127

Beschreibung: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra

Beschreibung: restricted

Beschreibung: Hirano and Hattori (2011), hereafter cited as H&H, report the observation of anomalous increases in the ULF geomagnetic field spectral density ratio which the authors claim to be possible precursors of the 2008 Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake. Here the results of H&H are reviewed taking into account the global geomagnetic activity level by means ofPKp index. This paper cast serious doubts on the seismogenic origin of the magnetic signatures documented by H&H showing that the anomalous signals are normal ULF magnetic variations induced by solar–terrestrial interaction. In summary, H&H’s claims that magnetic field disturbances about a month before the Mw 6.9 Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake on June 13, 2008 are precursors to the earthquake are unlikely to be correct.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 258-262

Beschreibung: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Beschreibung: This paper reports the analyses of ULF (Ultra-Low-Frequency) geomagnetic field observations coming from the Geomagnetic Observatory of L'Aquila during the period 2008–2009. This period includes the L'Aquila 2009 seismic sequence, where the main shock of 6 April heavily damaged the medieval centre of the town and its surrounding area, causing 308 deaths, more than 1000 injuries and about 60,000 displaced people. Recently, several publications have documented the observation of precursory signals which occurred before the 6 April earthquake (e.g. Eftaxias et al., 2009, 2010), while others do not find any pre-earthquake anomaly (e.g. Villante et al., 2010; Di Lorenzo et al., 2011). In light of this, the goal of this study is to carry out further retrospective investigations. ULF magnetic field data are investigated by means of conventional analyses of magnetic polarization ratio, improved magnetic polarization ratio, and fractal analysis. In addition, total geomagnetic field data coming from the INGV Central Italy tectonomagnetic network have also been investigated, using the simple inter-station differentiation method. Within the limits of these methods, no magnetic anomalous signal which may be reasonably characterized as a precursor of the L'Aquila earthquakes has been found.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 310–317

Beschreibung: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Beschreibung: USEMS and GLASS are two projects financed by the European Research Council (ERC) as part of the ERC starting grants scheme within the FP7 framework. The rationale behind the funding scheme is to support some of the most promising scientific endeavours in Europe that are being led by young researchers, and to emphasize the excellence of individual ideas rather than specific research areas; in other words, to promote bottom-up frontier research. The general benefits of this rationale are evident in the two ongoing projects that deal with earthquake physics, as these projects are increasingly recognized in their scientific community. We can say that putting excellence at the heart of European Research strongly contributes to the construction of a European knowledge-based society. From a researcher point-of-view one of the most challenging aspects of these projects is to approach and convey the results of the projects to a general public, contributing actually to the construction of knowledge-based society. Luckily, media interest and the availability of a number of new communication tools facilitate the outreach of scientific achievements. The largest earthquakes during the last ten years (e.g. Sumatra 2004 and Japan 2011) have received widespread attention in the media world (TV, W.W.W., Newspaper and so on) for months, and successful research projects such as those above also become media protagonists, gaining their space in the media bullring. The USEMS principal investigator and his team have participated in several dissemination events in the Mass Media, such as interviews wit Italian and French TV national broadcasts (RAI Due TG2, RAI Uno Unomattina, Rai Tre Geo & Geo, FRANCE 2); interviews in scientific journals: SCIENCE (Sept. 2010), newspapers and web (Corriere della Sera, Il Gazzettino, Il Messagero, La Stampa, Libero, Il Mattino, Yahoo, ANSA, AdnKronos and AGI); radio (RadioRai Uno, RadioRai Tre Scienza); documentary “Die Eroberung der Alpen” produced by Tangram Film (Munchen, Germany). The USEMS project started in June 2008, and the GLASS project in October 2010. For both projects we developed a number of web pages through the official web site of the host institution, the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) in Rome. In these pages we describe the projects, publish pictures and short-movies of the experimental activities and keep the project results up to date. In addition the research teams collaborate within various INGV outreach schemes (school and student visits in the laboratory, writing short news reports for the INGV press office, and interviews with journalists) as well as using WWW channels (Facebook, Youtube) to make the project results available to the general public. Finally, it is notable that the ERC funding agency itself is fully involved in the outreach activities using its own communication channels and its highly skilled resources which promote through brochures, web pages, publications and documentaries the best projects. We are going to improve our effort in this direction up to the end of the projects.

Beschreibung: Unpublished

Beschreibung: San Francisco

Beschreibung: 5.9. Formazione e informazione

Beschreibung: open

Beschreibung: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 1994

Beschreibung: Ambient noise in the sea has been observed for over 100 years. Previous studies conclude that the primary source of microseisms is nonlinear interaction of surface gravity waves at the sea surface. Though this source relationship is generally accepted, the actual processes by which the wave generated acoustic noise in the water column couples and propagates to and along the sea floor are not well understood. In this thesis, the sources and propagation of sea floor and sub-sea floor microseismic noise between 0.2 and 10 Hz are investigated. This thesis involves a combination of theoretical, observational and numerical analysis to probe the nature of the microseismic field in the Blake Bahama Basin. Surface waves are the primary mechanism for noise propagation in the crust and fall into two separate groups depending on the relative wavelength/water depth ratio. Asymptotic analysis of the Sommerfeld integral in the complex ray parameter plane shows results that agree with previous findings by Strick (1959) and reveal two fundamental interface wave modes for short wavelength noise propagation in the crust: the Stoneley and pseudo-Rayleigh wave. For ocean sediments, where the shear wave velocity is less than the acoustic wave velocity of water, only the Stoneley interface wave can exist. For well consolidated sediments and basalt, the shear velocity exceeds the acoustic wave velocity of water and the pseudo-Rayleigh wave can also exist. Both interface waves propagate with retrograde elliptic motion at the sea floor and attenuate with depth into the crust, however the pseudo-Rayleigh wave travels along the interface with dispersion and attenuation and "leaks" energy into the water column for a half-space ocean over elastic crust model. For finite depth ocean models, the pseudo-Rayleigh wave is no longer leaky and approaches the Rayleigh wave velocity of the crust. The analysis shows that longer wavelength noise propagates as Rayleigh and Stoneley modes of the ocean+crust waveguide. These long wavelength modes are the fundamental mechanism for long range noise propagation. During the Low Frequency Acoustic Seismic Experiment (LFASE) a four-node, 12- channel borehole array (SEABASS) was deployed in the Blake Bahama Basin off the coast of eastern Florida (DSDP Hole 534B). This experiment is unique and is the first use of a borehole array to measure microseismic noise below the sea floor. Ambient background noise from a one week period is compared between an Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) and SEABASS at sub-bottom depths of 10, 40, 70 and 100 meters below the sea floor. The 0.3 H z microseism peak is found to be nearly invariant with depth and has a power level of 65 and 75 dB rel 1 (nm/ s2)2)/ H z for the vertical and horizontal components respectively. At 100 m depth, the mean microseismic noise levels above 0.7 Hz are 10 dB and 15-20 dB quieter for the vertical and horizontal components respectively. Most of this attenuation occurs in the upper 10 m above 1.0 Hz, however higher modes in the spectra show narrow bandwidth variability in the noise field that is not monotonic with depth. Dispersion calculations show normal mode Stoneley waves below 0.7 Hz and evidence of higher modes above 0.8 Hz. A strong correlation between noise levels in the borehole and local sea state conditions is observed along with clear observation of the nonlinear frequency doubling effect between ocean surface waves and microseisms. Particle motion analysis further verifies that noise propagates through the array as Rayleigh/Stoneley waves. Polarization direction indicates at least two sources; distant westerly swell during quiescent times and local surface waves due to a passing storm. Above 1.0 Hz the LFASE data shows little coherence and displays random polarization. Because of this, we believe scattered energy is a significant component of the noise field in the Blake Bahama Basin. A fully 3-D finite difference algorithm is used to model both surface and volume heterogeneities in the ocean crust. Numerical modeling of wave propagation for hard and soft bottom environments shows that heterogeneities on the order of a seismic wavelength radiate energy into the water column and convert acoustic waves in the water into small wavelength Stoneley waves observed at the borehole. Sea floor roughness is the most important elastic scattering feature of the ocean crust. Comparisons of 2D and 3D rough sea floor models show that out-of-plane effects necessitate the use of 3D methods. The out-of-plane energy that is present in the LFASE data comes from either heterogeneities in the source field (i.e. mixed gravity wave directions) or, equally likely, scattering of the source field from surface or volume heterogeneities in the sea floor.

Beschreibung: This research was supported by Office of Naval Research grants N00014-89-C-0018, N00014-89-J-1012, N00014-90-C-0098, N00014-90-J-1493 and N00014-93-1-1352.

Beschreibung: Author(s): Aurelio Patelli, Shamik Gupta, Cesare Nardini, and Stefano Ruffo Long-range interacting systems, while relaxing to equilibrium, often get trapped in long-lived quasistationary states which have lifetimes that diverge with the system size. In this work, we address the question of how a long-range system in a quasistationary state (QSS) responds to an external pert... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021133] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Marco Selig, Niels Oppermann, and Torsten A. Enßlin Estimating the diagonal entries of a matrix, that is not directly accessible but only available as a linear operator in the form of a computer routine, is a common necessity in many computational applications, especially in image reconstruction and statistical inference. Here, methods of statistical... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021134] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): O. Bénichou, N. Meunier, S. Redner, and R. Voituriez We propose a minimal model of locally activated diffusion , in which the diffusion coefficient of a one-dimensional Brownian particle is modified in a prescribed way—either increased or decreased—upon each crossing of the origin. Such a local mobility decrease arises in the formation of atherosclerot... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021137] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Marcos P.O. Loureiro, Jeferson J. Arenzon, and Leticia F. Cugliandolo We study the dynamic evolution of geometric structures in a polydegenerate system represented by a q -state Potts model with nonconserved order parameter that is quenched from its disordered into its ordered phase. The numerical results obtained with Monte Carlo simulations show a strong relation bet... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021135] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): J. C. N. Carvalho, K. Nelissen, W. P. Ferreira, G. A. Farias, and F. M. Peeters The diffusion of charged particles interacting through a repulsive Yukawa potential, exp(− r / λ )/ r , confined by a parabolic potential in the y direction and subjected to a periodic substrate potential in the x direction is investigated. Langevin dynamic simulations are used to investigate the effect o... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021136] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Joris Walraevens, Thomas Demoor, Tom Maertens, and Herwig Bruneel Recently, numerous studies have shown that human dynamics cannot be described accurately by exponential laws. For instance, Barabási [ Nature (London) 435 207 (2005) ] demonstrates that waiting times of tasks to be performed by a human are more suitably modeled by power laws. He presumes that these ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021139] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): C. W. Groth, A. R. Akhmerov, and C. W. J. Beenakker Recent experiments on the propagation of light over a distance L through a random packing of spheres with a power-law distribution of radii (a so-called Lévy glass) have found that the transmission probability T ∝1/ L γ scales superdiffusively ( γ 〈1 ). The data has been interpreted in terms of a Lévy ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021138] Published Thu Feb 23, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Jordan M. Horowitz I formulate a quantum stochastic thermodynamics for the quantum trajectories of a continuously monitored forced harmonic oscillator coupled to a thermal reservoir. Consistent trajectory-dependent definitions are introduced for work, heat, and entropy, through engineering the thermal reservoir from a... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 031110] Published Fri Mar 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Bilin Zhuang and Courtney Lannert The study of frustrated spin systems often requires time-consuming numerical simulations. As the simplest approach, the classical Ising model is often used to investigate the thermodynamic behavior of such systems. Exploiting the small correlation lengths in frustrated Ising systems, we develop a me... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 031107] Published Fri Mar 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): David S. Dean, Vincent Démery, V. Adrian Parsegian, and Rudolf Podgornik Relaxation of the thermal Casimir or van der Waals force (the high temperature limit of the Casimir force) for a model dielectric medium is investigated. We start with a model of interacting polarization fields with a dynamics that leads to a frequency dependent dielectric constant of the Debye form... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 031108] Published Fri Mar 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): S. Hosseinabadi, M. A. Rajabpour, M. Sadegh Movahed, and S. M. Vaez Allaei In this paper, we study many geometrical properties of contour loops to characterize the morphology of synthetic multifractal rough surfaces, which are generated by multiplicative hierarchical cascading processes. To this end, two different classes of multifractal rough surfaces are numerically simu... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 031113] Published Tue Mar 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): C. Y. Cai (蔡丞韻), H. Dong (董辉), and C. P. Sun (孙昌璞) We present a complete-quantum description of a multiparticle Szilard engine that consists of a working substance and a Maxwell's demon. The demon is modeled as a multilevel quantum system with specific quantum control, and the working substance consists of identical particles obeying Bose-Einstein o... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 031114] Published Wed Mar 14, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Peng Zhang, Xiao-Xia Jian, S. C. Wong, and Keechoo Choi This paper proposes a cellular automata model of pedestrian flow that defines a cost potential field, which takes into account the costs of travel time and discomfort, for a pedestrian to move to an empty neighboring cell. The formulation is based on a reconstruction of the density distribution and ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021119] Published Mon Feb 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Robert L. Jack and Ludovic Berthier We use a random pinning procedure to study amorphous order in two glassy spin models. On increasing the concentration of pinned spins at constant temperature, we find a sharp crossover (but no thermodynamic phase transition) from bulk relaxation to localization in a single state. At low temperatures... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021120] Published Wed Feb 15, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Fabrizio Barocchi, Ubaldo Bafile, and Marco Sampoli We show that an exact solution of the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) for the autocorrelations of a many-body classical system can be given in an exponential functionality (EF) form. As a consequence, the power spectrum of the correlation has a Lorentzian functionality, i.e., is represented by a... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 022102] Published Fri Feb 17, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): A. Ossipov, I. Rushkin, and E. Cuevas We study level-number variance in a two-dimensional random matrix model characterized by a power-law decay of the matrix elements. The amplitude of the decay is controlled by the parameter b . We find analytically that at small values of b the level number variance behaves linearly, with the compress... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 021127] Published Tue Feb 21, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Clive Emary, Robert Gernert, and Sabine H. L. Klapp We investigate the dynamics of a single, overdamped colloidal particle, which is driven by a constant force through a one-dimensional periodic potential. We focus on systems with large barrier heights where the lowest-order cumulants of the density field, that is, average position and the mean-squar... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061135] Published Wed Dec 26, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Z. Burda, M. A. Nowak, and A. Swiech We show that the limiting eigenvalue density of the product of n identically distributed random matrices from an isotropic unitary ensemble is equal to the eigenvalue density of n th power of a single matrix from this ensemble, in the limit when the size of the matrix tends to infinity. Using this ob... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061137] Published Thu Dec 27, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Denis Boyer, David S. Dean, Carlos Mejía-Monasterio, and Gleb Oshanin Experimental methods based on single particle tracking (SPT) are being increasingly employed in the physical and biological sciences, where nanoscale objects are visualized with high temporal and spatial resolution. SPT can probe interactions between a particle and its environment but the price to b... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 060101] Published Thu Dec 20, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Susanne Ditlevsen and Petr Lansky Estimation of model parameters is as important as model building, but is often neglected in model studies. Here we show that despite the existence of well known results on parameter estimation in a simple homogenous Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, in most practical situations the methods suffer greatly ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 050102] Published Wed Nov 07, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Mehmet Ertaş, Bayram Deviren, and Mustafa Keskin Nonequilibrium magnetic properties in a two-dimensional kinetic mixed spin-2 and spin-5/2 Ising system in the presence of a time-varying (sinusoidal) magnetic field are studied within the effective-field theory (EFT) with correlations. The time evolution of the system is described by using Glauber-t... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 051110] Published Wed Nov 07, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): João P. S. Bizarro and Paulo Rodrigues For work-producing heat engines, or work-consuming refrigerators and heat pumps, the percentage decrease caused by friction in their efficiencies, or coefficients of performance (COP's), is approximately given by the ratio W fric / W between the work spent against friction forces and the work performed... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 051109] Published Wed Nov 07, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Domingos S. P. Salazar and Giovani L. Vasconcelos A multicanonical formalism is introduced to describe the statistical equilibrium of complex systems exhibiting a hierarchy of time and length scales, where the hierarchical structure is described as a set of nested “internal heat reservoirs” with fluctuating “temperatures.” The probability distribut... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 050103] Published Wed Nov 14, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Yujuan Zhang, Cong Wang, Fawei Zheng, and Ping Zhang We have performed first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations based on density-functional theory to study the thermophysical properties of ethane under extreme conditions. We present results for the equation of state of fluid ethane in the warm dense region. The optical conductivity is calculate... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061111] Published Fri Dec 07, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Fernando D. Nobre, Andre M. C. Souza, and Evaldo M. F. Curado The H-theorem [( d f / d t )≤0] for a free-energy functional, f = u − θ s (with u and s representing, respectively, the internal energy and a generalized entropy of a given physical system), has been proven previously by making use of a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation. Herein we focus on a nonlinear Fokker-Pl... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061113] Published Mon Dec 10, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): V. L. Saveliev and M. A. Gorokhovski Using an approach developed earlier for renormalization of the Boltzmann collision integral [Saveliev and Nanbu, Phys. Rev. E 65 051205 (2002) ], we derive an exact divergence form for the fragmentation operator. Then we reduce the fragmentation equation to the continuity equation in size space, wi... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061112] Published Mon Dec 10, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): A. V. Kargovsky A system that exhibits nonlinear oscillations in the presence of low friction and weak fluctuations is considered. An expression for the mean density of level crossings whose duration exceeds a certain value is derived under the assumption of the high Q factor of the oscillations. [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061114] Published Mon Dec 10, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Hernán Larralde The problem of determining the joint probability distributions for correlated random variables with prespecified marginals is considered. When the joint distribution satisfying all the required conditions is not unique, the “most unbiased” choice corresponds to the distribution of maximum entropy. T... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061117] Published Thu Dec 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Felix Sharipov and José L. Strapasson Ab initio potentials are implemented into the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. Such an implementation allows us to model transport phenomena in rarefied gases without any fitting parameter of intermolecular collisions usually extracted from experimental data. Applying the method proposed... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031130] Published Fri Sep 21, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Adam J. Ellery, Matthew J. Simpson, Scott W. McCue, and Ruth E. Baker Berezhkovskii and co-workers introduced the concept of local accumulation time as a finite measure of the time required for the transient solution of a reaction-diffusion equation to effectively reach steady state [ Biophys J. 99 L59 (2010)   Phys. Rev. E 83 051906 (2011) ]. Berezhkovskii's approach... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031136] Published Tue Sep 25, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Anshuman Dey, Subhash Mahapatra, Pratim Roy, and Tapobrata Sarkar We study information geometry of the Dicke model, in the thermodynamic limit. The scalar curvature R of the Riemannian metric tensor induced on the parameter space of the model is calculated. We analyze this both with and without the rotating wave approximation, and show that the parameter manifold ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031137] Published Tue Sep 25, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): I. F. Herrera-González, H. I. Pérez-Aguilar, A. Mendoza-Suárez, and E. S. Tututi We study heat conduction in a billiard channel formed by two sinusoidal walls and the diffusion of particles in the corresponding channel of infinite length; the latter system has an infinite horizon, i.e., a particle can travel an arbitrary distance without colliding with the rippled walls. For sma... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031138] Published Tue Sep 25, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Vladislav Popkov and Gunter M. Schütz Using dynamical Monte Carlo simulations we observe the occurrence of an unexpected shock wave in driven diffusive systems with two conserved species of particles. This U shock is microscopically sharp, but does not satisfy the usual criteria for the stability of shocks. Exact analysis of the large-s... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031139] Published Tue Sep 25, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Hilla Behar, Nadav Shnerb, and Yoram Louzoun The effect of resource usage on economic growth has been studied in multiple models. However, the generic effect of improving resource usage efficacy through improved technical skills has not been studied in detail. We here analyze a model incorporating resource usage by capital and the parallel pro... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031146] Published Fri Sep 28, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Aleksei V. Chechkin, Irwin M. Zaid, Michael A. Lomholt, Igor M. Sokolov, and Ralf Metzler We consider the effective surface motion of a particle that intermittently unbinds from a planar surface and performs bulk excursions. Based on a random-walk approach, we derive the diffusion equations for surface and bulk diffusion including the surface-bulk coupling. From these exact dynamic equat... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041101] Published Mon Oct 01, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Dibyendu Roy We study heat conduction in one-, two-, and three-dimensional anharmonic lattices connected to stochastic Langevin heat baths. The interatomic potential of the lattices is double-well type, i.e., V DW ( x )= k 2 x 2 /2+ k 4 x 4 /4 with k 2 〈0 and k 4 〉0. We observe two different temperature regimes of transport... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041102] Published Mon Oct 01, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Wijnand Chr. Germs, Erik M. Roeling, Leo J. van IJzendoorn, Barry Smalbrugge, Tjibbe de Vries, Erik Jan Geluk, René A. J. Janssen, and Martijn Kemerink Brownian ratchets enable the use of thermal motion in performing useful work. They typically employ spatial asymmetry to rectify nondirected external forces that drive the system out of equilibrium (cf. running marbles on a shaking washboard). The major application foreseen for Brownian ratchets is ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041106] Published Tue Oct 02, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): J. C. Cressoni, G. M. Viswanathan, A. S. Ferreira, and M. A. A. da Silva A non-Markovian one-dimensional random walk model is studied with emphasis on the phase-diagram, showing all the diffusion regimes, along with the exactly determined critical lines. The model, known as the Alzheimer walk, is endowed with memory-controlled diffusion, responsible for the model's long-... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 042101] Published Tue Oct 02, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Boris Kastening Anisotropy effects on the finite-size critical behavior of a two-dimensional Ising model on a general triangular lattice in an infinite-strip geometry with periodic, antiperiodic, and free boundary conditions (bc) in the finite direction are investigated. Exact results are obtained for the scaling f... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041105] Published Tue Oct 02, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Lei Wang (王雷), Bambi Hu (胡斑比), and Baowen Li (李保文) Heat conduction in three two-dimensional (2D) momentum-conserving nonlinear lattices are numerically calculated via both nonequilibrium heat-bath and equilibrium Green-Kubo algorithms. It is expected by mainstream theories that heat conduction in such 2D lattices is divergent and the thermal conduct... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 040101] Published Thu Oct 04, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Chen Chen and Hsieh Fushing We introduce a between-ness-based distance metric to extract local and global information for each pair of nodes (or “vertices” used interchangeably) located in a binary network. Since this distance then superimposes a weighted graph upon such a binary network, a multiscale clustering mechanism, cal... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041120] Published Fri Oct 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): P. H. Lundow and I. A. Campbell The Fortuin-Kasteleyn and heat-bath damage-spreading temperatures T FK ( p ) and T DS ( p ) are studied on random-bond Ising models of dimensions 2–5 and as functions of the ferromagnetic interaction probability p ; the conjecture that T DS ( p )∼ T FK ( p ) is tested. It follows from a statement by Nishimori that in... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041121] Published Fri Oct 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Hanshuang Chen and Zhonghuai Hou We report an interesting phenomenon of noise-induced vortex reversal in a two-dimensional system of self-propelled particles (SPPs) with soft-core interactions. With the aid of forward flux sampling, we analyze the configurations along the reversal pathway and thus identify the mechanism of vortex r... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041122] Published Fri Oct 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Andrés Santos In fundamental-measure theories the bulk excess free-energy density of a hard-sphere fluid mixture is assumed to depend on the partial number densities { ρ i } only through the four scaled-particle-theory variables { ξ α }, i.e., Φ ({ ρ i })→ Φ ({ ξ α }). By imposing consistency conditions, it is proven here that ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 040102] Published Fri Oct 05, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): N. Hasselmann We present a truncation scheme of the effective-average-action approach of the nonperturbative renormalization group that allows for an accurate description of the critical regime as well as of correlation functions at finite momenta. The truncation is a natural modification of the standard derivati... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041118] Published Thu Oct 11, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Hanno Kählert and Hartmut Löwen The response of harmonically trapped Brownian particles to an externally imposed oscillatory shear flow is explored by theory and computer simulation. The special case of a single trapped particle is solved analytically. We present explicit results for the time-dependent density and the velocity dis... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041119] Published Thu Oct 11, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Yevgeny Krivolapov and Shmuel Fishman The growth of the average kinetic energy of classical particles is studied for potentials that are random both in space and time. Such potentials are relevant for recent experiments in optics and in atom optics. It is found that for small velocities uniform acceleration takes place, and at a later s... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 030103] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Eduardo C. Cuansing, Huanan Li, and Jian-Sheng Wang We study the transport of energy in a finite linear harmonic chain by solving the Heisenberg equation of motion, as well as by using nonequilibrium Green's functions to verify our results. The initial state of the system consists of two separate and finite linear chains that are in their respective ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031132] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): S. A. Sotelo-López, M. C. Santos, E. P. Raposo, G. M. Viswanathan, and M. G. E. da Luz Intuitively, lower target densities and lower detection capabilities should demand more sophisticated search strategies for a random search reasonable outcome. In contrast, when targets are easily found, a simple Brownian random walk strategy is enough. But where is the threshold between these two s... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031133] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): A. Prados, A. Lasanta, and Pablo I. Hurtado We consider a general class of nonlinear diffusive models with bulk dissipation and boundary driving and derive its hydrodynamic description in the large size limit. Both the average macroscopic behavior and the fluctuating properties of the hydrodynamic fields are obtained from the microscopic dyna... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031134] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Kabir Ramola and Deepak Dhar We study a system of particles with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor exclusion on the square lattice (hard squares). This system undergoes a transition from a fluid phase at low density to a columnar-ordered phase at high density. We develop a systematic high-activity perturbation expansion for th... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031135] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Leonardo M. Santana and Emmanuel Pereira We present an analytical study of the heat conduction in a quantum harmonic chain of oscillators with alternate particle masses. We find that a thermal-insulating effect already observed in some classical models consisting of chains with alternate masses also holds in the quantum version of the one-... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 032105] Published Mon Sep 24, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Lucas R. Peres and José F. Fontanari The study of the effects of spatially uniform fields on the steady-state properties of Axelrod's model has yielded plenty of counterintuitive results. Here, we reexamine the impact of this type of field for a selection of parameters such that the field-free steady state of the model is heterogeneous... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031131] Published Fri Sep 21, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Keizo Shigaki, Jun Tanimoto, Zhen Wang, Satoshi Kokubo, Aya Hagishima, and Naoki Ikegaya We propose a new pairwise Fermi updating rule by considering a social average payoff when an agent copies a neighbor's strategy. In the update rule, a focal agent compares her payoff with the social average payoff of the same strategy that her pairwise opponent has. This concept might be justified b... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031141] Published Wed Sep 26, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Dane Taylor and Daniel B. Larremore The formation and fragmentation of networks are typically studied using percolation theory, but most previous research has been restricted to studying a phase transition in cluster size, examining the emergence of a giant component. This approach does not study the effects of evolving network struct... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 031140] Published Wed Sep 26, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): David M. Schneider, Eduardo do Carmo, Yaneer Bar-Yam, and Marcus A. M. de Aguiar Sexually reproducing populations with a small number of individuals may go extinct by stochastic fluctuations in sex determination, causing all their members to become male or female in a generation. In this work we calculate the time to extinction of isolated populations with fixed number N of indi... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041104] Published Tue Oct 02, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Mauro Mobilia In the framework of the paradigmatic prisoner's dilemma game, we investigate the evolutionary dynamics of social dilemmas in the presence of “cooperation facilitators.” In our model, cooperators and defectors interact as in the classical prisoner's dilemma, where selection favors defection. However,... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 011134] Published Mon Jul 30, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): C. Nicolis The theory of stochastic resonance in multistable systems is extended to account for both direct transitions between all stable states present and indirect ones involving intermediate states. It is shown that to satisfy these requirements the dynamics needs to be embedded in phase spaces of dimensio... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 011133] Published Mon Jul 30, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Nguyen H. P. Nguyen, Eric Jankowski, and Sharon C. Glotzer Swarms of self-propelled particles exhibit complex behavior that can arise from simple models, with large changes in swarm behavior resulting from small changes in model parameters. We investigate the steady-state swarms formed by self-propelled Morse particles in three dimensions using molecular dy... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 011136] Published Mon Jul 30, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Chang-Yong Lee We propose a methodology of estimating the scaling exponent for a long-range correlation in a nonstationary time series from the perspective of the regression analysis. By an adaptive degree determination of a regression polynomial, the proposed methodology is designed to properly remove various typ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 011135] Published Mon Jul 30, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): John Realpe-Gomez, Tobias Galla, and Alan J. McKane We explore a class of hybrid (piecewise deterministic) systems characterized by a large number of individuals inhabiting an environment whose state is described by a set of continuous variables. We use analytical and numerical methods from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics to study the influence ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 011137] Published Mon Jul 30, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Sebastiano de Franciscis and Alberto d’Onofrio In this work, we introduce two spatiotemporal colored bounded noises, based on the zero-dimensional Cai-Lin and Tsallis-Borland noises. Then we study and characterize the dependence of the defined stochastic processes on both a temporal correlation parameter τ and a spatial coupling parameter λ . In ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 021118] Published Thu Aug 16, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Felix Thiel, Lutz Schimansky-Geier, and Igor M. Sokolov A random walk scheme, consisting of alternating phases of regular Brownian motion and Lévy walks, is proposed as a model for run-and-tumble bacterial motion. Within the continuous-time random walk approach we obtain the long-time and short-time behavior of the mean squared displacement of the walker... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 021117] Published Thu Aug 16, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Niladri Sarkar and Abhik Basu We investigate the scaling properties of phase transitions between survival and extinction (active-to-absorbing-state phase transition, AAPT) in a model that by itself belongs to the directed percolation (DP) universality class, interacting with a spatiotemporally fluctuating environment having its ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 021122] Published Mon Aug 20, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Ana L. Acuña-Lara and Francisco Sastre In this work we investigate the critical behavior of the three-dimensional simple-cubic majority voter model. Using numerical simulations and a combination of two different cumulants, we evaluated the critical point with a higher accuracy than the previous numerical result found by Yang, Kim, and Kw... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041123] Published Mon Oct 15, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Silvio C. Ferreira, Claudio Castellano, and Romualdo Pastor-Satorras Recent work has shown that different theoretical approaches to the dynamics of the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model for epidemics lead to qualitatively different estimates for the position of the epidemic threshold in networks. Here we present large-scale numerical simulations of the SIS... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041125] Published Mon Oct 15, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Julian Lee and Steve Pressé There are two distinct approaches for deriving the canonical ensemble. The canonical ensemble either follows as a special limit of the microcanonical ensemble or alternatively follows from the maximum entropy principle. We show the equivalence of these two approaches by applying the maximum entropy ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041126] Published Mon Oct 15, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Carolyn L. Phillips, Eric Jankowski, Michelle Marval, and Sharon C. Glotzer We consider the thermodynamically driven self-assembly of spheres onto the surface of a central sphere. This assembly process forms self-limiting, or terminal, anisotropic clusters ( N -clusters) with well-defined structures. We use Brownian dynamics to model the assembly of N -clusters varying in size... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041124] Published Mon Oct 15, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Christian R. Scullard Every lattice for which the bond percolation critical probability can be found exactly possesses a critical polynomial, with the root in [0,1] providing the threshold. Recent work has demonstrated that this polynomial may be generalized through a definition that can be applied on any periodic lattic... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041131] Published Thu Oct 18, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Bernardo Monechi and Lapo Casetti We study the global geometry of the energy landscape of a simple model of a self-gravitating system, the self-gravitating ring (SGR). This is done by endowing the configuration space with a metric such that the dynamical trajectories are identified with geodesics. The average curvature and curvature... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041136] Published Fri Oct 19, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): S. Burov and E. Barkai We map the problem of diffusion in the quenched trap model onto a different stochastic process: Brownian motion that is terminated at the coverage time S α =∑ x =− ∞ ∞ ( n x ) α , with n x being the number of visits to site x . Here 0〈 α = T / T g 〈1 is a measure of the disorder in the original model. This mapping... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 041137] Published Fri Oct 19, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Jan Novák, Anna Kučerová, and Jan Zeman This Rapid Communication presents a stochastic Wang tiling-based technique to compress or reconstruct disordered microstructures on the basis of given spatial statistics. Unlike the existing approaches based on a single unit cell, it utilizes a finite set of tiles assembled by a stochastic tiling al... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 040104] Published Mon Oct 22, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Saulo D. S. Reis, André A. Moreira, and José S. Andrade, Jr. Despite original claims of a first-order transition in the product rule model proposed by Achlioptas et al. [ Science 323 1453 (2009) ], recent studies indicate that this percolation model, in fact, displays a continuous transition. The distinctive scaling properties of the model at criticality, how... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041112] Published Wed Apr 11, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Venkateshan Kannan, Abhishek Dhar, and J. L. Lebowitz We analyze the nonequilibrium steady states (NESS) of a one-dimensional harmonic chain of N atoms with alternating masses connected to heat reservoirs at unequal temperatures. We find that the temperature profile defined through the local kinetic energy T ( j )≡〈 p j 2 〉/ m j oscillates with period two in th... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041118] Published Thu Apr 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Zochil González Arenas and Daniel G. Barci We present a supersymmetric formulation of Markov processes, represented by a family of Langevin equations with multiplicative white noise. The hidden symmetry encodes equilibrium properties such as fluctuation-dissipation relations. The formulation does not depend on the particular prescription to ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041122] Published Mon Apr 16, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Guillaume Michel and Debra J. Searles In some recent papers, the use of random forces has been related to a systematic breakdown of the fluctuation theorem. In the framework of nonequilibrium molecular dynamics, we provide a derivation of this theorem for systems driven by both deterministic and stochastic forces. It turns out that it i... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 042102] Published Wed Apr 04, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Christian Bartsch and Jochen Gemmer We investigate transport properties of one-dimensional fermionic tight binding models featuring nearest and next-nearest neighbor hopping, where the fermions are additionally subject to a weak short range mutual interaction. To this end we employ a pertinent approach which allows for a mapping of th... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041103] Published Wed Apr 04, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): R. B. Stinchcombe and S. L. A. de Queiroz We consider steady-state current activity statistics for the one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process. With the help of the known operator algebra (for general open boundary conditions), as well as general probabilistic concepts (for the periodic case), we derive and evaluate clos... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041111] Published Tue Apr 10, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): P. H. L. Martins The probability distributions of the order parameter for two models in the directed percolation universality class were evaluated. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed for the one-dimensional generalized contact process and the Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton. In both cases, the density of a... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041110] Published Tue Apr 10, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Danh-Tai Hoang and H. T. Diep We study the ground state (GS) and the phase transition in a hexagonal-close-packed lattice with both XY and Ising models by using extensive Monte Carlo simulation. We suppose the in-plane interaction J 1 and interplane interaction J 2 , both antiferromagnetic. The system is frustrated with two kinds o... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041107] Published Mon Apr 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): A. Sai Venkata Ramana and S. V. G. Menon The global renormalization-group theory (GRGT) for fluids is derived starting with the square-gradient approximation for the Helmholtz free energy functional such that any mean-field free energy density and direct correlation function can be employed. The new derivation uses Wilson's functions for r... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041108] Published Mon Apr 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Chi-Jen Wang, Da-Jiang Liu, and J. W. Evans Schloegl's second model on a ( d ≥ 2)-dimensional hypercubic lattice involves: (i) spontaneous annihilation of particles with rate p and (ii) autocatalytic creation of particles at vacant sites at a rate proportional to the number of suitable pairs of neighboring particles. This model provides a prot... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041109] Published Mon Apr 09, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): L. S. Schulman The problem addressed is the identification of cooperating agents based on correlations created as a result of the joint action of these and other agents. A systematic method for using correlations beyond second moments is developed. The technique is applied to a didactic example, the identification... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041114] Published Wed Apr 11, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): S. Siva Nasarayya Chari, K. P. N. Murthy, and Ramarao Inguva A system of ideal gas is switched from an initial equilibrium state to a final state not necessarily in equilibrium, by varying a macroscopic control variable according to a well-defined protocol. The distribution of work performed during the switching process is obtained. The equilibrium free energ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041117] Published Thu Apr 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Philip Gerlee and Torbjörn Lundh Spatial dynamics has in many cases been invoked as a mechanism that can promote the evolution of coexistence and cooperation, although the precise conditions for this to occur have not yet been characterised. In an effort to address this question we have analyzed an alternative version of the theore... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041115] Published Thu Apr 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): V. M. Rozenbaum, Yu. A. Makhnovskii, I. V. Shapochkina, S.-Y. Sheu, D.-Y. Yang, and S. H. Lin We revisit two known models of deterministically driven ratchets, which exhibit high energetic efficiency, with the goal to uncover similarities and differences in the principles of their operation. Both the models rely on adiabaticity of the potential change process, however, the adiabaticity that ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041116] Published Thu Apr 12, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): C. S. Dias, N. A. M. Araújo, and A. Cadilhe Electro-oxidation of ethanol represents a key process in fuel-cell technology. We introduce a generalization of the random sequential adsorption model to study the long time scale and large length scale properties of the electro-oxidation process. We provide an analytical solution for one dimension ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041120] Published Fri Apr 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): M. A. Marchiori, Ricardo Fariello, and M. A. M. de Aguiar We consider the classical dynamics of two particles moving in harmonic potential wells and interacting with the same external environment H E , consisting of N noninteracting chaotic systems. The parameters are set so that when either particle is separately placed in contact with the environment, a di... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041119] Published Fri Apr 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Feliciano de Soto and Jean-Christian Anglès d'Auriac The Yukawa model in the quenched approximation is expressed as a disordered statistical mechanics model on a four-dimensional Euclidean lattice. We study this model, giving particular attention to the singularities of the Dirac operator in the phase diagram. A careful analysis of a particular limiti... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041121] Published Fri Apr 13, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): P. J. Ribeiro-Neto, E. P. Raposo, H. A. Araújo, C. L. Faustino, M. G. E. da Luz, and G. M. Viswanathan We investigate the problem of survival at the very low target-density limit and report on a second-order phase transition for one-dimensional random searches in which the energy cost of locomotion is a function of the distance traveled by the searcher. Surprisingly, from analytical calculations (als... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061102] Published Tue Dec 04, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): B. U. Felderhof The momentum relaxation of a relativistic Brownian particle immersed in a fluid is studied on the basis of the Fokker-Planck equation for the relativistic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. An analytical expression is derived for the short-time relaxation rate. The relaxation spectrum has both discrete and... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 061103] Published Tue Dec 04, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Chengxiang Ding, Yancheng Wang, and Yang Li We give the exact critical frontier of the Potts model on bowtie lattices. For the case of q =1, the critical frontier yields the thresholds of bond percolation on these lattices, which are exactly consistent with the results given by Ziff et al. J. Phys. A 39 15083 (2006) . For the q =2 Potts model ... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 021125] Published Wed Aug 22, 2012

Beschreibung: Author(s): Wen-ge Wang, Pinquan Qin, Qian Wang, Giuliano Benenti, and Giulio Casati We show that for quantum phase transitions with a single bosonic zero mode at the critical point, like the Dicke model and the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, metric quantities such as fidelity, that is, the overlap between two ground states corresponding to two values λ 1 and λ 2 of the controlling param... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 021124] Published Wed Aug 22, 2012