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  • Cambridge University Press
  • Thomas Telford
  • 2010-2014  (4,991)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 2013  (2,765)
  • 2011  (2,226)
Collection
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  • 2010-2014  (4,991)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 1
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    Albian syndepositional block rotation and its geological consequences, Basque–Cantabrian Basin (western Pyrenees) (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Stratigraphic, structural, palaeocurrent and palaeomagnetic analyses of Upper Albian deep-water deposits in and around the Deba block (Northern Iberia) are presented. Results indicate an anticlockwise vertical-axis rotation of this block by 35◦ during a maximum time span of c. 1 Ma (Late Albian intra-C. auritus ammonite Subzone). This Albian syndepositional block rotation is interpreted to be the consequence of the coeval activity of conjugatemajor sinistral strike-slip faults and minor (antithetic) dextral strike-slip faults, which border the Deba block. On the base of conservative estimations, a minimum block-rotation rate of 35◦ Ma−1 and a sinistral strike-slip rate of 1.2 kmMa−1 are calculated. As a consequence of the interaction of the rotated Deba block with adjacent nonrotated blocks, its corners experienced coeval transpressive (NW and SE corners) and transtensional deformations (SW and, possibly, NE corners). At the transtensional SW corner, two domal highreflective seismic structures have been recorded and interpreted as high-level magmatic laccoliths. These magmatic intrusions triggered the development of a mineralizing hydrothermal system, which vented to the Late Albian seafloor warm to hot hydrocarbon-rich fluids. Vented hydrocarbon was generated from Albian organic-rich sediments by contact alteration with hydrothermal fluids.
    Description: Published
    Description: 986-1001
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: block rotation ; palaeocurrent ; palaeomagnetism ; Albian ; Basque–Cantabrian Basin ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Direct numerical simulations of instability and boundary layer turbulence under a solitary wave (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Cambridge University Press, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of Cambridge University Press for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics 731 (2013): 545-578, doi:10.1017/jfm.2013.361 .
    Description: A significant amount of research effort has been made to understand the boundary layer instability and the generation and evolution of turbulence subject to periodic/oscillatory flows. However, little is known about bottom boundary layers driven by highly transient and intermittent free-stream flow forcing, such as solitary wave motion. To better understand the nature of the instability mechanisms and turbulent flow characteristics subject to solitary wave motion, a large number of direct numerical simulations are conducted. Different amplitudes of random initial fluctuating velocity field are imposed. Two different instability mechanisms are observed within the range of Reynolds number studied. The first is a short-lived, nonlinear, long-wave instability which is observed during the acceleration phase, and the second is a broadband instability that occurs during the deceleration phase. Transition from a laminar to turbulent state is observed to follow two different breakdown pathways: the first follows the sequence of $K$-type secondary instability of a near-wall boundary layer at comparatively lower Reynolds number and the second one follows a breakdown path similar to that of free shear layers. Overall characteristics of the flow are categorized into four regimes as: (i) laminar; (ii) disturbed laminar; (iii) transitional; and (iv) turbulent. Our categorization into four regimes is consistent with earlier works. However, this study is able to provide more specific definitions through the instability characteristics and the turbulence breakdown process.
    Description: This study is supported by National Science Foundation (CMMI-1135026; OCE- 1130217; OCE-1131016).
    Description: 2014-08-28
    Keywords: Coastal engineering ; Solitary waves ; Turbulent flows
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Middle Wisconsin glacial advance into the Appalachian Plateau, Sixmile Creek, Tompkins Co., NY (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: Publication date: Available online 24 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Daniel E. Karig , Norton G. Miller Areal mapping of the middle Wisconsin varved clay site along Sixmile Creek near Ithaca, New York, has revealed a much more widespread and varied array of sediments than previously thought. Lacustrine clays, some varved, are interbedded with sands and gravels interpreted as sub-aqueous fan deposits, and both are overlain by a deformation till. Nine radiocarbon dates indicate a 34–37 14 C ka BP age for the lacustrine sediment, with the deformation till less than a few thousand years younger. Beneath this sequence is a deposit dated at ± 42 14 C ka BP. Both strata represent a tundra climate with a mean July temperature of about 10°C. The Sixmile Creek deformation till must correlate with the 35 14 C ka BP till along the Genesee River, 125 km to the NW, and defines a Cherrytree stade glacial advance into the Appalachian Plateau, much further south than what has generally been accepted. Such an advance would require drainage from a proglacial lake in the western Ontario basin to flow westward instead of northeastward. The Sixmile strata suggest a colder than accepted middle Wisconsin stage. Recent data indicate that this stage is one of progressive cooling, with large climatic fluctuations.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
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  • 4
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    The rodents from the late middle Pleistocene hominid-bearing site of J'bel Irhoud, Morocco, and their chronological and paleoenvironmental implications (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Description: Publication date: Available online 25 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Denis Geraads , Fethi Amani , Abdelouahed Ben-Ncer , Shannon P. McPherron , Jean-Paul Raynal , Jean-Jacques Hublin The rodents from the late middle Pleistocene hominin-bearing locality of J'bel Irhoud include the following species: Meriones shawii , Gerbillus grandis , Dipodillus campestris , Paraethomys ras , Lemniscomys barbarus , Mus cf. spretus , and Eliomys sp. We consider M. shawii , a living species, as identical with the middle Pleistocene Meriones maghrebianus . The mouse differs from the domestic Mus musculus but does not clearly fit into Mus spretus , either. The rare G. grandis looks identical with the form from the middle Pleistocene of Thomas quarries, which may suggest a rather early age for Irhoud. This is in agreement with the occurrence of Paraethomys , a genus unknown in the upper Pleistocene of Morocco, but the absence of the arvicolid Ellobius suggests that the site is younger than other middle Pleistocene sites, Doukkala II, Sidi Abderrahmane D2, and Irhoud-Derbala-Virage. Paleoecological indicators, such as the taxonomic habitat spectrum, or the relative abundances of Gerbillinae and Murinae, suggest a less xeric environment than in many earlier and later sites. Diversity indices, comparable to those of other middle Pleistocene sites, point to similarly favorable conditions before the major climatic crisis close to the middle/upper Pleistocene boundary that drastically reduced rodent diversity in North Africa.
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  • 5
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    Size and spatial structure of the soil and lacustrine charcoal pool across a boreal forest watershed (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Description: Publication date: Available online 25 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Mikael Ohlson , Isabella Kasin , Anveig Nordtug Wist , Anne E. Bjune Forest fires convert a proportion of the burning vegetation into charcoal that is stored in forest soils and lake sediments. In this paper we use a geostatistical approach to present a detailed analysis of the size of the charcoal pool and its spatial variation in a boreal forest watershed including its lake sediment. The amount of soil charcoal averaged 179 g/m 2 and ranged from 0 to 3600 g/m 2 in the watershed. There was an extreme variation in the size of the charcoal pool over fine (cm) spatial scales. For example, the amount of charcoal in the soil could range from 34 to 1646 g/m 2 within a distance of 10 cm. Individually dated soil charcoal particles had radiocarbon ages that varied from 630 to 2930 cal yr BP. The lake sediment began accumulating at 10,600 cal yr BP and charcoal accumulation has been practically continuous ever since then, with the largest peak occurring at 6900 cal yr BP. The lake sediment contained more charcoal, 360 g/m 2 , than the average for forest soil. We interpret this as an indication of a relatively rapid degradation of charcoal in boreal forest soils.
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  • 6
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    Timing of the last deglaciation in the Sierra Nevada of the Mérida Andes, Venezuela (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Julien Carcaillet , Isandra Angel , Eduardo Carrillo , Franck A. Audemard , Christian Beck In the tropical Mérida Andes (northwestern Venezuela), glacial landforms were found at altitudes between 2600 and 5000 m, corresponding to 600 km 2 of ice cover during the maximum glacial extension. However, the lack of sufficient absolute age data prevents detailed reconstruction of the timing of the last deglaciation. On the northwestern flank of the Mucuñuque Massif, successive moraines and striated eroded basement surfaces were sampled for cosmogenic 10 Be investigation. Their compilation with published data allows the establishment of a detailed chronology of the post-LGM glacier history. The oldest moraines (18.1 and 16.8 ka) correspond to the Oldest Dryas. Successive moraine ridges indicate stops in the overall retreat between the LGM and the Younger Dryas. The cold and short Older Dryas stadial has been identified. Results indicate that most of the ice withdrew during the Pleistocene. The dataset supports an intensification of the vertical retreat rate from ~ 25 m/ka during the late Pleistocene to ~ 310 m/ka during the Pleistocene/Holocene. Afterwards, the glacier was confined and located in the higher altitude zones. The altitude difference of the Younger Dryas moraines in the Mucubají, La Victoria and Los Zerpa valleys indicates a strong effect of valley orientation on the altitude of moraine development.
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  • 7
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    Climate archives from 90 to 250ka in horizontal and vertical ice cores from the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area, Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: Publication date: Available online 3 October 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Nicole E. Spaulding , John A. Higgins , Andrei V. Kurbatov , Michael L. Bender , Steven A. Arcone , Seth Campbell , Nelia W. Dunbar , Laura M. Chimiak , Douglas S. Introne , Paul A. Mayewski Terrestrial meteorite ages indicate that some ice at the Allan Hills blue ice area (AH BIA) may be as old as 2.2 Ma. As such, ice from the AH BIA could potentially be used to extend the ice core record of paleoclimate beyond 800 ka. We collected samples from 5 to 10 cm depth along a 5 km transect through the main icefield and drilled a 225 m ice core (S27) at the midpoint of the transect to develop the climate archive of the AH BIA. Stable water isotope measurements (δD) of the surface chips and of ice core S27 yield comparable signals, indicating that the climate record has not been significantly altered in the surface ice. Measurements of 40 Ar atm and δ 18 O atm taken from ice core S27 and eight additional shallow ice cores constrain the age of the ice to approximately 90–250 ka. Our findings provide a framework around which future investigations of potentially older ice in the AH BIA could be based.
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  • 8
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    Paleoenvironmental implications of carbon stable isotope composition of land snail tissues (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: Publication date: Available online 3 October 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Yurena Yanes , María P. Asta , Miguel Ibáñez , María R. Alonso , Christopher S. Romanek Land snail shell δ 13 C value is often used as a paleovegetation proxy assuming that snails ingest all plants in relation to their abundance, and that plants are the only source of carbon. However, carbonate ingestion and variable metabolic rates complicate these relationships. We evaluate if live-collected snails from Lanzarote (Canary Islands) reflect the abundance of C 3 and CAM plants. Snails were collected on either CAM or C 3 plants for isotope analysis of shell and body, and shell size. Respective shell and body δ 13 C values of snails collected on CAM plants averaged − 8.5 ± 1.7‰ and − 22.8 ± 1.6‰, whereas specimens from C 3 plants averaged − 10.1 ± 0.7‰ and − 24.9 ± 1.1‰. A flux balance model suggests snails experienced comparable metabolic rates. A two-source mass balance equation implies that snails consumed ~ 10% of CAM, which agrees with their abundance in the landscape. Snails collected on CAM plant were smaller than those on C 3 plants. Conclusively: 1) snails consume CAM plants when they are available; 2) migration of snails among C 3 and CAM plants is a common phenomenon; and 3) C 3 plants may be a more energetic food for growth than CAM plants. This study shows that shell δ 13 C values offer approximate estimates of plants in C 3 –CAM mixed environments.
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  • 9
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    Control of paleoshorelines by trench forebulge uplift, Loyalty Islands (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-08
    Description: Publication date: Available online 7 June 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): William R. Dickinson Unlike most tropical Pacific islands, which lie along island arcs or hotspot chains, the Loyalty Islands between New Caledonia and Vanuatu owe their existence and morphology to the uplift of pre-existing atolls on the flexural forebulge of the New Hebrides Trench. The configuration and topography of each island is a function of distance from the crest of the uplifted forebulge. Both Maré and Lifou are fully emergent paleoatolls upon which ancient barrier reefs form highstanding annular ridges that enclose interior plateaus representing paleolagoon floors, whereas the partially emergent Ouvea paleoatoll rim flanks a drowned remnant lagoon. Emergent paleoshoreline features exposed by island uplift include paleoreef flats constructed as ancient fringing reefs built to past low tide levels and emergent tidal notches incised at past high tide levels. Present paleoshoreline elevations record uplift rates of the islands since last-interglacial and mid-Holocene highstands in global and regional sea levels, respectively, and paleoreef stratigraphy reflects net Quaternary island emergence. The empirical uplift rates vary in harmony with theoretical uplift rates inferred from the different positions of the islands in transit across the trench forebulge at the trench subduction rate. The Loyalty Islands provide a case study of island environments controlled primarily by neotectonics.
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  • 10
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    Late Wisconsinan glaciation and postglacial relative sea-level change on western Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-08
    Description: Publication date: Available online 7 June 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Thomas R. Lakeman , John H. England The study revises the maximum extent of the northwest Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) during the last glaciation and documents subsequent ice sheet retreat and glacioisostatic adjustments across western Banks Island. New geomorphological mapping and maximum-limiting radiocarbon ages indicate that the northwest LIS inundated western Banks Island after ~ 31 14 C ka BP and reached a terminal ice margin west of the present coastline. The onset of deglaciation and the age of the marine limit (22–40 m asl) are unresolved. Ice sheet retreat across western Banks Island was characterized by the withdrawal of a thin, cold-based ice margin that reached the central interior of the island by ~ 14 cal ka BP. The elevation of the marine limit is greater than previously recognized and consistent with greater glacioisostatic crustal unloading by a more expansive LIS. These results complement emerging bathymetric observations from the Arctic Ocean, which indicate glacial erosion during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to depths of up to 450 m.
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  • 11
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    A raised OIS 3 sea level recorded in coastal sediments, southern Changjiang delta plain, China (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-04-11
    Description: Publication date: Available online 10 April 2013 Source: Quaternary Research The distribution of marine-influenced oxygen isotope stage (OIS) 5 to OIS 1 sediments was examined in several late Quaternary boreholes from the southern Changjiang (Yangtze) delta plain, China, using different dating methods including OSL, U-series, AMS 14 C and paleomagnetism. Results demonstrate that coastal and estuarine deposition during OIS 5 and OIS 3 occurred throughout the study area. However, Holocene transgressive sediments were absent on the Taihu block. The burial depth of intertidal to subtidal sediment deposited during OIS 5e records 30–80 m subsidence caused by sediment compaction and tectonic movement since that time. However, coastal sediments formed during the late phase of OIS 3 were buried to a depth of ca. 6–15 m in the Taihu Lake area, while the burial depth increased eastward to ca. 45–60 m on the coastal plain. This phenomenon, combined with the distribution of Holocene marine strata, indicates at least 25–30 m uplift of the Taihu block since the end of OIS 3. We suggest that this uplift was mainly caused by the differential subsidence due to substantial amount of post-glacial deposition by the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers on the continental shelf of east China marginal sea.
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  • 12
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    Regionalization of fire regimes in the Central Rocky Mountains, USA (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-06
    Description: Publication date: Available online 5 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Vachel A. Carter , Andrea Brunelle , Thomas A. Minckley , Philip E. Dennison , Mitchell J. Power Fire is one of the most important natural disturbances in the coniferous forests of the US Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountains are separated by a climatic boundary between 40° and 45° N, which we refer to as the central Rocky Mountains (CRM). To determine whether the fire regime from the CRM was more similar to the northern Rocky Mountains (NRM) or southern Rocky Mountains (SRM) during the Holocene, a 12,539-yr-old sediment core from Long Lake, Wyoming, located in the CRM was analyzed for charcoal and pollen. These data were then compared to charcoal records from the CRM, NRM and SRM. During the Younger Dryas chronozone, the fire regime was characterized as frequent at Long Lake. The early and middle Holocene fire regime was characterized as infrequent. A brief interval from 4000 to 3000 cal yr BP, termed the Populus period, had a frequent fire regime and remained frequent through the late Holocene at Long Lake. In comparison to sites from the NRM and SRM, the fire regime at Long Lake was most similar to the SRM during the past 12,539 cal yr BP. These results suggest the disturbance regime in the CRM has a greater affinity with those of the SRM.
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  • 13
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    Vegetation and environmental changes in Northern Anatolia between 134 and 119ka recorded in Black Sea sediments (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-14
    Description: Publication date: Available online 13 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh , Helge W. Arz , Antje Wegwerth , Dominik Fleitmann , Fabienne Marret , Norbert Nowaczyk , Pavel Tarasov , Hermann Behling This multiproxy study on SE Black Sea sediments provides the first detailed reconstruction of vegetation and environmental history of Northern Anatolia between 134 and 119 ka. Here, the glacial–interglacial transition is characterized by several short-lived alternating cold and warm events preceding a meltwater pulse (~ 130.4–131.7 ka). The latter is reconstructed as a cold arid period correlated to Heinrich event 11. The initial warming is evidenced at ~ 130.4 ka by increased primary productivity in the Black Sea, disappearance of ice-rafted detritus, and spreading of oaks in Anatolia. A Younger Dryas-type event is not identifiable. The Eemian vegetation succession corresponds to the main climatic phases in Europe: i) the Quercus – Juniperus phase (128.7–126.4 ka) indicates a dry continental climate; ii) the Ostrya – Corylus – Quercus – Carpinus phase (126.4–122.9 ka) suggests warm summers, mild winters, and high year-round precipitation; iii) the Fagus – Carpinus phase (122.9–119.5 ka) indicates cooling and high precipitation; and iv) increasing Pinus at ~ 121 ka marks the onset of cooler/drier conditions. Generally, pollen reconstructions suggest altitudinal/latitudinal migrations of vegetation belts in Northern Anatolia during the Eemian caused by increased transport of moisture. The evidence for the wide distribution of Fagus around the Black Sea contrasts with the European records and is likely related to climatic and genetic factors.
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  • 14
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    Late Quaternary fluvial terraces near the Daocheng Ice Cap, eastern Tibetan Plateau (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-27
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 September 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Liubing Xu , Shangzhe Zhou The timing of terrace formation relative to the glacial–interglacial cycle and what factors control that timing, such as changes in climate and/or uplift, are controversial. Here we present a study of the terraces along the Yazheku River using electron spin resonance (ESR) dating and analysis of the sedimentary characteristics in order to establish the timing of terrace formation and to assess the forcing mechanisms that have been proposed. The Yazheku River flows in glacial trough leading from the Haizi Shan, on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The range was uplifted during the Quaternary and repeatedly glaciated by ice caps. The four highest major terraces (T5, T4, T3, and T2) are the result of both climatic and tectonic influences. Strath terraces T5–T2 were created during Haizi Shan glacial expansions during MIS 16, 12, 6 and 3–4, respectively. The major aggradation phases of the four terraces occurred during the deglaciations at the ends of MIS 16, 12, 6, and 2. Down-cutting, which led to the generation of the four terraces, immediately followed the deposition of the T5–T2 gravel units. These incisions occurred during the transitions between MIS 16–15, MIS 12–11, MIS 6–5, and MIS 2–1.
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    Barrier island response to late Holocene climate events, North Carolina, USA (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-10
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 8 June 2011 David J., Mallinson , Curtis W., Smith , Shannon, Mahan , Stephen J., Culver , Katie, McDowell The Outer Banks barrier islands of North Carolina, USA, contain a geologic record of inlet activity that extends from ca. 2200calyr BP to the present, and can be used as a proxy for storm activity. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating (26 samples) of inlet-fill and flood tide delta deposits, recognized in cores and geophysical data, provides the basis for understanding the chronology of storm impacts and comparison to other paleoclimate proxy data. OSL ages of historical inlet fill compare favorably to historical documentation of inlet activity, providing confidence in the technique. Comparison suggests that the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and...
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  • 16
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    Tree-ring dates on two pre-Little Ice Age advances in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, USA (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-24
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 23 June 2011 Gregory C., Wiles , Daniel E., Lawson , Eva, Lyon , Nicholas, Wiesenberg , R.D., D'Arrigo Two interstadial tree ring-width chronologies from Geikie Inlet, Glacier Bay Southeast, Alaska were built from 40 logs. One of these chronologies has been calendar dated to AD 224–999 (775yr) crossdating with a living ring-width chronology from Prince William Sound, Alaska. Trees in this chronology were likely killed through inundation by sediments and meltwater from the advancing Geikie Glacier and its tributaries ca. AD 850. The earlier tree-ring chronology spans 545yr and is a floating ring-width series tied to radiocarbon ages of about 3000calyr BP. This tree-ring work indicates two intervals of glacial expansion by the Geikie Glacier system toward the...
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    Paleoecology of mangroves along the Sibun River, Belize (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-26
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 June 2011 Natalie M., Monacci , Ursula, Meier-Grünhagen , Bruce P., Finney , Hermann, Behling , Matthew J., Wooller This study examines a sediment core (SR-63) from a mangrove ecosystem along the Sibun River in Belize, which is subject to both changes in sea-level and in the characteristics of the river's drainage basin. Radiocarbon dates from the core show a decreased sedimentation rate from ~6ka to 1calka BP and a marked change in lithology from primarily mangrove peat to fluvial-derived material at ~2.5calka BP. Changes in the sedimentation rates observed in mangrove ecosystems offshore have previously been attributed to changes in relative sea-level and the rate of sea-level rise. Pollen analyses show a decreased abundance of Rhizophora (red mangrove)...
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  • 18
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    Reconstruction of a complex late Quaternary glacial landscape in the Cordillera de Cochabamba (Bolivia) based on a morphostratigraphic and multiple dating approach (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-10
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 8 June 2011 Jan-Hendrik, May , Jana, Zech , Roland, Zech , Frank, Preusser , Jaime, Argollo , ... Although glacial landscapes have previously been used for the reconstruction of late Quaternary glaciations in the Central Andes, only few data exist for the Eastern Cordillera in Bolivia. Here, we present results from detailed morphostratigraphic mapping and new data of surface exposure dating (SED), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), and radiocarbon dating (14C) from the Huara Loma Valley, Cordillera de Cochabamba (Bolivia). Discrepancies between individual dating methods could be addressed within the context of a solid geomorphic framework. We identified two major glaciations. The older is not well constrained by the available data, whereas the younger glaciation is subdivided into at...
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    An annually resolved bristlecone pine carbon isotope chronology for the last millennium (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-14
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 12 June 2011 Roderick J., Bale , Iain, Robertson , Matthew W., Salzer , Neil J., Loader , Steven W., Leavitt , ... We present the first near millennium-length, annually resolved stable isotope record from bristlecone pines (Pinus longaeva, D.K Bailey). The carbon isotope ratios from the cellulose of seven trees from the White Mountains of California, corrected for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry, are used to reconstruct growing season (June through August) precipitation back to AD 1085. Extremely negative isotope results are strongly correlated with proposed severest El Niño events over the last 500yr, and similar values in the first half of the millennium are used to reconstruct a further 13 strong El Niño events, concentrated in the 12th Century and the...
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    Mid- to late Holocene environmental and climatic changes in New Caledonia, southwest tropical Pacific, inferred from the littoral plain Gouaro-Déva (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-15
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 14 June 2011 Denis, Wirrmann , Anne-Marie, Sémah , Jean-Pierre, Debenay , Magali, Chacornac-Rault Multiproxy analysis of three littoral cores from western New Caledonia supports the hypothesis that the main controlling factors of environmental changes are sea-level change, ENSO variability and extra-tropical phenomena, such as the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) marked by a tendency for La Niña-like conditions in the tropical Pacific. The record starts during the late Holocene sea-level rise when the terrestrial vegetation indicated wet and cool conditions. The site was a coastal bay definitely transformed into a freshwater swamp at around 3400calyr BP, after the rapid drawdown of sea level to its current level. Sediments and foraminiferal assemblages indicated subsequent episodes...
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    A tephrochronologic method based on apatite trace-element chemistry (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-11
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 7 May 2011 Bryan Keith, Sell , Scott Douglas, Samson Geochemical correlation of ash-fall beds with conventional tephrochronologic methods is not feasible when original glass composition is altered. Thus, alternative correlation methods may be required. Initial studies of heavily altered Paleozoic tephra (K-bentonites) have suggested the potential for employing trace-element concentrations in apatite as ash-fall bed discriminators. To further test the utility of apatite trace-element tephrochronology, we analyzed apatite phenocrysts from unaltered volcanic rocks with an electron microprobe: nine samples from rocks erupted during the Quaternary and one sample from a rock erupted during the Paleogene. The resulting apatite trace-element data provide unique bed discriminators despite within-crystal variability. Each of...
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    Importance of sampling across an assemblage of glacial landforms for interpreting cosmogenic ages of deglaciation (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-15
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 13 May 2011 Arjen P., Stroeven , Derek, Fabel , Jonathan M., Harbor , David, Fink , Marc W., Caffee , ... Deglaciation chronologies for some sectors of former ice sheets are relatively poorly constrained because of the paucity of features or materials traditionally used to constrain the timing of deglaciation. In areas without good deglaciation varve chronologies and/or without widespread occurrence of material that indicates the start of earliest organic radiocarbon accumulations suitable for radiocarbon dating, typically only general patterns and chronologies of deglaciation have been deduced. However, mid-latitude ice sheets that had warm-based conditions close to their margins often produced distinctive deglaciation landform assemblages, including eskers, deltas, meltwater channels and aligned lineation systems. Because these features were formed or significantly...
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    Summer–winter transitions in Antarctic ponds I: The physical environment (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-19
    Description: Research Articles Ian Hawes, Karl Safi, Brian Sorrell, Jenny Webster-Brown, David Arscott, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 03 , pp 235-242 Abstract
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    Inter-island dispersal of flightless Bothrometopus huntleyi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Island archipelago (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-19
    Description: Research Articles G.C. Grobler, A.D.S. Bastos, C.T. Chimimba, S.L. Chown, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 03 , pp 225-234 Abstract
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    Petrogenetic and tectonic inferences from the study of the Mt Cer pluton (West Serbia) (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Description: The Mt Cer Pluton, Serbia, is a complex laccolith-like intrusion (~ 60 km2), situated along the junction between the southern Pannonian Basin and northern Dinarides. It intrudes Palaeozoic metamorphic rocks causing weak to strong thermal effects. Based on modal and chemical compositions, four rock-types can be distinguished: (1) metaluminous I-type quartz monzonite/quartz monzodiorite (QMZD); (2) peraluminous S-type two-mica granite (TMG), which intrudes QMZD; (3) Stra[z]anica granodiorite/quartz monzonite (GDS); and (4) isolated mafic enclaves (ME), found only in QMZD. 40K-39Ar dating and geological constraints indicate that the main quartz monzonite/quartz monzodiorite body of Mt Cer was emplaced not later than 21 Ma, whereas the emplacement ages of the Stra[z]anica granodiorite/quartz monzonite and two-mica granites are estimated at around 18 and 16 Ma, respectively. The Mt Cer pluton is similar to the Mt Bukulja pluton, some 80 km southwestwards. Genesis of QMZD cannot be interpreted by fractional crystallization coupled with mixing or assimilation. It is best explained by a convection-diffusion process between mantle-derived minette/leucominette magmas and GDS-like magmas followed by two end-member magma mixing. The composition of GDS rocks suggests that GDS-like magmas could have formed by melting of lower crustal lithologies similar to amphibolite/metabasalts. The geochemistry of TMG is reproduced by an Assimilation/Fractional Crystallization model with a ratio of rate of assimilation to rate of fractional crystallization of 0.4, using the compositions of the least evolved TMG of the Bukulja pluton and adjacent metamorphic rocks as proxies for the parental magma and contaminant, respectively. The origin and evolution of the Mt Cer and adjacent Mt Bukulja plutons provide new constraints on the Tertiary geodynamics of the northern Dinarides-southern Pannonian region. The quartz monzonite/quartz monzodiorite is interpreted as a result of the Oligocene post-collisional Dinaride orogen-collapse, which included a limited lithosphere delamination, small-scale mantle upwelling, and melting of the lower crust. By contrast, the two-mica granite magmas formed through melting in shallower crustal levels during the extensional collapse in the Pannonian area.
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    Warwickshire Group (Pennsylvanian) red-beds of the Canonbie Coalfield, England-Scotland border, and their regional palaeogeographical implications (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Description: Late Carboniferous red-beds, 〈 700 m thick, at outcrop and in the subsurface of the Canonbie Coalfield can be assigned to the Warwickshire Group. They are preserved within the axial part of the Solway Syncline and are divisible into the Eskbank Wood, Canonbie Bridge Sandstone and Becklees Sandstone formations. Sedimentation largely took place on a well-drained alluvial plain, characterized mainly by early, primary oxidation of the strata. Large, northerly-flowing braided river systems were common, with overbank and floodplain fines deposited lateral to the channels; soils formed during intervals of low sediment aggradation. The Canonbie succession includes some of the youngest Carboniferous rocks preserved in the UK. Correlation of the Eskbank Wood Formation is equivocal, but using petrographical, heavy mineral, zircon age dating and palaeocurrent data, the Canonbie Bridge Sandstone Formation can be unambiguously correlated with the Halesowen Formation of Warwickshire, the Pennant Sandstone Formation of South Wales and the offshore Boulton Formation. This suggests that southerly-derived detritus travelled considerable distances from the Variscan highlands of Brittany and/or central Germany across the southern North Sea and UK areas, to a position some hundreds of kilometres north of that previously recognized. The Becklees Sandstone Formation has much in common with the Salop Formation of the English Midlands. It appears to have no preserved equivalent elsewhere in the UK or in the UK sector of the southern North Sea but resembles stratigraphically higher parts of the southern North Sea succession seen in the Dutch sector.
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    Morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon Volcano (West Africa) and their bearing on the emplacement dynamics of volume-limited flows (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Description: The morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon volcano are documented and discussed in relation to local and source dynamics. Structures are analysed qualitatively and more detailed arguments are developed on the processes of levee formation and systematic links between flow dynamics and levee-channel interface geometry. The flows have clear channels bordered by four main types of levees: initial, accretionary, rubble and overflow levees. Thermally immature pahoehoe lava units with overflow drapes define the proximal zone, whereas rubble and accretionary levees are common in the distal region bordering thermally mature aa clinker or blocky aa flow channels. Pressure ridges, squeeze-ups and pahoehoe ropes are the prevalent compressive structures. Standlines displayed on clinkery breccias are interpreted to represent levee-channel interactions in response to changing flow levels. These data complement previous knowledge on lava flow morphology, thus far dominated by Etnean and Hawaiian examples.
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    Petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of metaluminous sub-alkaline granitoids from the Takab Complex, NW Iran (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-03-01
    Description: The Takab complex is composed of a variety of metamorphic rocks including amphibolites, metapelites, mafic granulites, migmatites and meta-ultramafics, which are intruded by the granitoid. The granitoid magmatic activity occurred in relation to the subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic crust beneath the Iranian crust during Tertiary times. The granitoids are mainly granodiorite, quartz monzodiorite, monzonite and quartz diorite. Chemically, the magmatic rocks are characterized by ASI
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  • 29
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    Conodont alteration and tectonothermal evolution of a diagenetic unit in the Iberian Variscan belt (Ponga-Cuera unit, NW Spain) (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Description: Tectonothermal analysis of a mainly carbonate unit located in the external part of the Variscan orogen in NW Spain is dealt with using the conodont colour alteration index (CAI) and the study of textures of these microfossils. The Kubler index of the illite (KI) is used as a complementary method. The area is characterized by a great uniformity in the CAI values, which in most cases are
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  • 30
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    A revised Aquitanian age for the emplacement of the Ronda peridotites (Betic Cordilleras, southern Spain) (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Description: The hot emplacement of the Ronda peridotites (Betic Cordilleras) developed a dynamothermal aureole and partial melts that led to the intrusion of granite dykes in the peridotites. Previous geochronological data place rather broad limits for this event between 22 and 19 Ma. Analyses of neocrystalline zircon rims from large zircon populations yield a U-Pb SHRIMP age of 22.3{+/-}0.7 Ma for the dynamothermal aureole formation, and intrusion ages of granite dykes between 22.6{+/-}1.8 and 21.5{+/-}3.8 support that conclusion. Therefore, these new ages provide a more robust constraint on the hot emplacement of the Ronda peridotites at middle crustal levels.
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    Cambrian rocks and faunas of the Wachi La, Black Mountains, Bhutan (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: The Pele La Group in the Wachi La section in the Black Mountains of central Bhutan represents the easternmost exposure of Cambrian strata known in the Himalaya. The group contains a succession of siliciclastic rocks with minor amounts of carbonate, the uppermost unit of which, the Quartzite Formation, bears age-diagnostic trilobite body fossils that are approximately 493 Ma old. Trilobite species include Kaolishania granulosa, Taipaikia glabra and the new species Lingyuanaspis sangae. A billingsellid brachiopod, Billingsella cf. tonkiniana, is co-occurrent. This fauna is precisely correlated with that of a specific stratigraphic horizon within the upper part of the Kaolishania Zone, Stage 9 of the Cambrian System, Furongian Epoch of the North China block, and thus represents the youngest Cambrian sedimentary rocks yet known from the Himalaya. The faunal similarity suggests proximity between North China and the Himalayan margin at this time. This unit was deposited in a predominantly storm-influenced shelf and shoreface environment. U-Pb geochronological data from detrital zircon grains from the fossil-bearing beds of the Quartzite Formation and strata of the underlying Deshichiling Formation show grain age spectra consistent with those from Cambrian rocks of the Lesser and Tethyan Himalaya in Tibet, India and Pakistan. These data support continuity of the northern Gondwanan margin across the Himalaya. Prominent peaks of approximately 500 Ma zircons in both the Quartzite and Deshichiling formations are consistent with the Furongian (late Cambrian) age assignment for these strata. The presence of these relatively young zircon populations implies rapid post-cooling erosion of igneous bodies and subsequent deposition which may reflect the influence of a widespread Cambro-Ordovician orogenic event evident in the western Himalaya.
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    Trenchward Plio-Quaternary volcanism migration in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: the case of the Sierra Nevada range (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: The Miocene-Quaternary Trans-Mexican Volcanic arc is thought to have grown southwards (i.e. trenchward) since the Pliocene. This theory is mainly supported by roughly N-S-directed polygenetic volcanic ranges along which volcanic activity migrates southwards with time. We investigated the eruptive history of one of these ranges, the Sierra Nevada (east boundary of Mexico City basin), by compiling literature ages and providing new K-Ar dates. Our K-Ar ages are the first ones for the northernmost Tlaloc and Telapon volcanoes and for the ancestral Popocatepetl (Nexpayantla). The obtained ages reveal that the four stratovolcanoes forming the range worked contemporaneously during most of the Middle to Late Pleistocene. However, taking into account the onset of the volcanic activity, a southward migration is evidenced along the Sierra Nevada: volcanism initiated at its northern tip at least 1.8 Ma ago at Tlaloc volcano, extended southwards 1 Ma ago with Iztaccihuatl and appeared at its southern end 329 ka ago with the Nexpayantla cone. Such a migration would be most probably primarily driven by Cocos slab roll-back and steepening rather than by regional crustal tectonics, which played a secondary role by controlling the apparent alignment of the volcanoes.
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    U-Pb SHRIMP ages of detrital granulite-facies rutiles: further constraints on provenance of Jurassic sandstones on the Norwegian margin (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: Electron microprobe analyses of 128 detrital rutile grains from two Jurassic sandstone samples (Hettangian and Bajocian-Bathonian in age) from hydrocarbon exploration wells on the Norwegian margin confirm that more than 85 % of the rutiles were derived from metapelitic rocks. Zr-in-rutile geothermometry confirms that about 83 % of the rutile was formed under high-grade metamorphism (〉750 {degrees}C). Sixty-two rutile grains, including 60 of the identified high-temperature rutile population, were also analysed for U-Pb geochronology using SHRIMP. The 206Pb-238U rutile ages range from approximately 485-292 Ma, with a major cluster between 450 and 380 Ma. These data suggest that the detrital rutile was predominantly derived from a felsic source that experienced granulite-facies metamorphism about 450-380 Ma ago. This conclusion is consistent with derivation from high-grade Caledonian metasedimentary rocks, probably the Krummedal sequence in central East Greenland, as previously suggested by an earlier provenance study using conventional heavy mineral analysis, garnet geochemistry and detrital zircon age dating. The present study underscores the importance of rutile geochemistry and geochronology in quantitative single-mineral provenance analysis of clastic sedimentary rocks.
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    Late Quaternary chronology of major dune ridge development in the northeast Rub' al-Khali, United Arab Emirates (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-20
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 May 2011 Oliver A.C., Atkinson , David S.G., Thomas , Andrew S., Goudie , Richard M., Bailey The northeastern sector of the Rub' al-Khali desert in the eastern United Arab Emirates (UAE) is dominated by large NE–SW trending dune ridges orientated perpendicular to the currently prevailing northwesterly wind regime. In this study, extensive use has been made of artificially exposed sections through these major dune ridges that reveal internal sedimentary structures and allow an intensive, high-resolution sampling programme to be carried out. Here, we present the optical dating results for samples from 7 sections. The results indicate that dune activity and preservation occurred within the periods 7–3ka, 16–10ka and 22–20ka with evidence of earlier preservation during marine...
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    Alien introductions - why are the Treaty Parties and COMNAP sitting on their hands? (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Editorial R.I. Lewis Smith, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 105-105 Abstract
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    Gut contents and stable isotope analyses of the Antarctic fish, Notothenia coriiceps (Richardson), from two macroalgal communities (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Jill P. Zamzow, Craig F. Aumack, Charles D. Amsler, James B. McClintock, Margaret O. Amsler, Bill J. Baker, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 107-116 Abstract
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    Marion Island volcanism and glaciation (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Kevin Hall, Ian Meiklejohn, Adam Bumby, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 155-163 Abstract
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    The impact of sediment deposition and iceberg scour on the Antarctic soft shell clam Laternula elliptica at King George Island, Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Eva E.R. Philipp, Gunnar Husmann, Doris Abele, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 127-138 Abstract
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    Mineralogy of glaciomarine sediments from the Prydz Bay–Kerguelen region: relation to modern depositional environments (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Andreas Borchers, Ines Voigt, Gerhard Kuhn, Bernhard Diekmann, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 164-179 Abstract
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    Short Note: The first appearance and establishment of an alien vascular plant in natural habitats on the forefield of a retreating glacier in Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Rapid Communication Maria Olech, Katarzyna J. Chwedorzewska, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 153-154 Abstract
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    Occurrence of killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) and other cetaceans in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Giancarlo Lauriano, Caterina Maria Fortuna, Marino Vacchi, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 139-143 Abstract
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    Reworked late Neogene Austrochlamys anderssoni (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from northern James Ross Island, Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles D. Pirrie, H.A. Jonkers, J.L. Smellie, J.A. Crame, J.M. McArthur, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 180-187 Abstract
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    Larger foraging range but similar habitat selection in non-breeding versus breeding sub-Antarctic penguins (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Amélie Lescroël, David Pinaud, Philip N. Trathan, Charles-André Bost, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 117-126 Abstract
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    Polynoid polychaetes living in the gut of irregular sea urchins: a first case of inquilinism in the Southern Ocean (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Stefano Schiaparelli, Maria Chiara Alvaro, Ruth Barnich, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 144-151 Abstract
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    Plant assemblages from the Shafer Peak Formation (Lower Jurassic), north Victoria Land, Transantarctic Mountains (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Research Articles Benjamin Bomfleur, Christian Pott, Hans Kerp, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 02 , pp 188-208 Abstract
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    Hydrological response of a dryland ephemeral river to southern African climatic variability during the last millennium (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 22 February 2011 G., Benito , V.R., Thorndycraft , M.T., Rico , Y., Sánchez-Moya , A., Sopeña , ... A long-term flood record from the Buffels River, the largest ephemeral river of NW South Africa (9250 km2), was reconstructed based on interpretation of palaeoflood, documentary and instrumental rainfall data. Palaeoflood data were obtained at three study reaches, with preserved sedimentary evidence indicating at least 25 large floods during the last 700yr. Geochronological control for the palaeoflood record was provided by radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. Annual resolution was obtained since the 19th century using the overlapping documentary and instrumental records. Large floods coincided in the past within three main hydroclimatic settings: (1) periods of regular large flood...
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    The Holocene thermal maximum and late-Holocene cooling in the tundra of NE European Russia (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 22 February 2011 J. Sakari, Salonen , Heikki, Seppä , Minna, Väliranta , Vivienne J., Jones , Angela, Self , ... To investigate the Holocene climate and treeline dynamics in the European Russian Arctic, we analysed sediment pollen, conifer stomata, and plant macrofossils from Lake Kharinei, a tundra lake near the treeline in the Pechora area. We present quantitative summer temperature reconstructions from Lake Kharinei and Lake Tumbulovaty, a previously studied lake in the same region, using a pollen–climate transfer function based on a new calibration set from northern European Russia. Our records suggest that the early-Holocene summer temperatures from 11,500calyr BP onwards were already slightly higher than at present, followed by a stable Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) at 8000–3500calyr BP...
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    Link Washburn, a glimpse at the person (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 22 February 2011 Bernard, Hallet , Land L., Washburn , Nuna L., MacDonald , Carl S., Benson , Minze, Stuiver
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    Late Quaternary lake-level changes of Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Siberia (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-04
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 3 August 2011 Olaf, Juschus , Maksim, Pavlov , Georg, Schwamborn , Frank, Preusser , Grigory, Fedorov , ... Lake El'gygytgyn is situated in a 3.6Ma old impact crater in northeastern Siberia. Presented here is a reconstruction of the Quaternary lake-level history as derived from sediment cores from the southern lake shelf. There, a cliff-like bench 10m below the modern water level has been investigated. Deep-water sediments on the shelf indicate high lake levels during a warm Mid-Pleistocene period. One period with low lake level prior to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 has been identified, followed by a period of high lake level (10m above present). In the course of MIS 2 the lake level dropped to −10m....
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    Long-term river discharge and multidecadal climate variability inferred from varved sediments, southwest Alaska (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-02
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 1 June 2011 Claire A., Kaufman , Scott F., Lamoureux , Darrell S., Kaufman Sedimentological analyses of 289years (AD 1718–2006) of varved sediment from Shadow Bay, southwest Alaska, were used to investigate hydroclimate variability during and prior to the instrumental period. Varve thicknesses relate most strongly to total annual discharge (r2=0.75, n=43, p
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    Holocene eolian activation as a proxy for broad-scale landscape change on the Gila River Indian Community, Arizona (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-28
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 May 2011 David K., Wright , Steven L., Forman , Michael R., Waters , John C., Ravesloot Eolian sediments are common within the middle Gila River Valley, southern Arizona, and reflect variability in eolian and fluvial processes during the late Holocene. This study focuses on deciphering the stratigraphic record of eolian deposition and associated luminescence dating of quartz extracts by single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocols. Stratigraphic assessment coupled with luminescence ages indicates that there are four broad eolian depositional events at ca. 3145±220yr, 1950–1360yr, 800±100yr, and 690–315yr. This nascent chronology, correlated with regional archeological evidence and paleoclimate proxy datasets, leads to two general conclusions: (1) loess deposits, transverse-dune formation and sand-sheet deposition in the late Holocene are...
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    Notodiscus (Charopidae) on South Georgia: some implications of shell size, shell shape, and site isolation in a singular sub-Antarctic land snail (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles P.J.A. Pugh, R.I. Lewis Smith, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 442-448 Abstract
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    Low temperature biology of insects , Edited by David L. Denlinger & Richard E. Lee Jr. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010. ISBN 978-0-521-88635-2, 404 pp. £60 (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Book Reviews William Block, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 500-500 Abstract
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    A Holocene palaeoenviromental study of a sediment core from Ile de la Possession, Iles Crozet, sub-Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles Marijke Ooms, Bart van de Vijver, Stijn Temmerman, Louis Beyens, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 431-441 Abstract
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    Rafting in the Antarctic springtail, Gomphiocephalus hodgsoni (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles T.C. Hawes, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 456-460 Abstract
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    Short Note: Antarctic toothfish heads found along tide cracks of the McMurdo Ice Shelf (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Rapid Communication Stacy Z. Kim, David G. Ainley, Jean Pennycook, Joseph T. Eastman, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 469-470 Abstract
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    Marion & Prince Edward: Africa's Southern Islands , A. Terauds, J. Cooper, S.L. Chown & P. Ryan, SUN PReSS, Stellenbosch, 2010. ISBN 978-1-920338-42-8. 350 Rand, [Obtainable from www.sun-e-shop.co.za] (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Book Reviews D.W.H. Walton, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 499-499 Abstract
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    Comparison of emperor penguin declines between Pointe Géologie and Haswell Island over the past 50 years (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles Christophe Barbraud, Maria Gavrilo, Yuri Mizin, Henri Weimerskirch, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 461-468 Abstract
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    Ocean acidification in the freezer (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Editorial Daniela N. Schmidt, Andy Ridgwell, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 417-417 Abstract
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    Provenance changes between recent and glacial-time sediments in the Amundsen Sea embayment, West Antarctica: clay mineral assemblage evidence (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles Werner Ehrmann, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Alastair G.C. Graham, Gerhard Kuhn, Robert D. Larter, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 471-486 Abstract
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    The biology of an Antarctic rhodophyte, Palmaria decipiens : recent advances (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Review Articles Susanne Becker, María Liliana Quartino, Gabriela Laura Campana, Philip Bucolo, Christian Wiencke, Kai Bischof, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 419-430 Abstract
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    Macrofaunal communities on the continental shelf off Victoria Land, Ross Sea, Antarctica (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: Research Articles Peter Rehm, Rachel A. Hooke, Sven Thatje, Antarctic Science , Volume 23 Issue 05 , pp 449-455 Abstract
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    Effect of aridity and rainfall seasonality on vegetation in the southern tropics of East Africa during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-07
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, Available online 5 December 2011 Sarah J. Ivory, Anne-Marie Lézine, Annie Vincens, Andrew S. Cohen Fossil pollen analyses from northern Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, provide a high-resolution record of vegetation change during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (~ 18–9 ka). Recent studies of local vegetation from lowland sites have reported contrasting rainfall signals during the Younger Dryas (YD). The Lake Malawi record tracks regional vegetation changes and allows comparison with other tropical African records identifying vegetation opening and local forest maintenance during the YD. Our record shows a gradual decline of afromontane vegetation at 18 ka. Around 14.5 ka, tropical seasonal forest and Zambezian miombo woodland became established. At ~ 13 ka, drier, more open formations gradually became prevalent. Although tropical seasonal forest taxa were still present in the watershed during the YD, this drought-intolerant forest type was likely restricted to areas of favorable edaphic conditions along permanent waterways. The establishment of drought-tolerant vegetation followed the reinforcement of southeasterly tradewinds resulting in a more pronounced dry winter season after ~ 11.8 ka. The onset of the driest, most open vegetation type was coincident with a lake low stand at the beginning of the Holocene. This study demonstrates the importance of global climate forcing and local geomorphological conditions in controlling vegetation distribution.
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    Marine radiocarbon reservoir corrections (∆R) for Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic Coast of North America (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-04
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, Available online 2 December 2011 Torben C. Rick, Gregory A. Henkes, Darrin L. Lowery, Steven M. Colman, Brendan J. Culleton Radiocarbon dates from known age, pre-bomb eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shells provide local marine reservoir corrections (∆R) for Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic coastal area of eastern North America. These data suggest subregional variability in ∆R, ranging from 148 ± 46C yr on the Potomac River to − 109 ± 38C yr at Swan Point, Maryland. The ∆Rweighted mean for the Chesapeake's Western Shore (129 ± 22C yr) is substantially higher than the Eastern Shore (− 88 ± 23C yr), with outer Atlantic Coast samples falling between these values (106 ± 46 and 2 ± 46C yr). These differences may result from a combination of factors, includingC-depleted freshwater that enters the bay from some if its drainages,C-depleted seawater that enters the bay at its mouth, and/or biological carbon recycling. We advocate using different subregional ∆Rcorrections when calibratingC dates on aquatic specimens from the Chesapeake Bay and coastal Middle Atlantic region of North America.
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    Frequency and intensity of high-altitude floods over the last 3.5 ka in northwestern French Alps (Lake Anterne) (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-05
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, Available online 3 December 2011 Charline Giguet-Covex, Fabien Arnaud, Dirk Enters, Jérôme Poulenard, Laurent Millet, ... In central Western Europe, several studies have shown that colder Holocene periods, such as the Little Ice Age, also correspond to wet periods. However, in mountain areas which are highly sensitive to erosion processes and where precipitation events can be localized, past evolution of hydrological activity might be more complicated. To assess these past hydrological changes, a paleolimnological approach was applied on a 13.4-m-long sediment core taken in alpine Lake Anterne (2063 m asl) and representing the last 3.5 ka. Lake sedimentation is mainly composed of flood deposits triggered by precipitation events. Sedimentological and geochemical analyses show that floods were more frequent during cold periods while high-intensity flood events occurred preferentially during warmer periods. In mild temperature conditions, both flood patterns are present. This underlines the complex relationship between flood hazards and climatic change in mountain areas. During the warmer and/or dryer times of the end of Iron Age and the Roman Period, both the frequency and intensity of floods increased. This is interpreted as an effect of human-induced clearing for grazing activities and reveals that anthropogenic interferences must be taken into account when reconstructing climatic signals from natural archives.
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    Cool, wet conditions late in the Younger Dryas in semi-arid New Mexico (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-05
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, Available online 3 December 2011 Stephen A. Hall, William L. Penner, Manuel R. Palacios-Fest, Artie L. Metcalf, Susan J. Smith A thick alluvial sequence in central New Mexico contains the Scholle wet meadow deposit that traces upstream to a paleospring. The wet meadow sediments contain an abundant fauna of twenty-one species of freshwater and terrestrial mollusks and ten species of ostracodes. The mollusks and ostracodes are indicative of a local high alluvial water table with spring-supported perennial flow but without standing water. Pollen analysis documents shrub grassland vegetation with sedges, willow, and alder in a riparian community. Stable carbon isotopes from the wet meadow sediments have δC values ranging from − 22.8 to − 23.3‰, indicating that 80% of the organic carbon in the sediment is derived from C3species. The wet meadow deposit is AMS dated 10,400 to 9700 C yr BP, corresponding to 12,300 to 11,100 cal yr BP and overlapping in time with the Younger Dryas event (YD). The wet meadow became active about 500 yr after the beginning of the YD and persisted 400 yr after the YD ended. The Scholle wet meadow is the only record of perennial flow and high water table conditions in the Abo Arroyo drainage basin during the past 13 ka.
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    Burning peat and reworking loess contribute to the formation and evolution of a large Carolina-bay basin (2011)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-05
    Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Quaternary Research, Available online 3 December 2011 Antonio B. Rodriguez, Matthew N. Waters, Michael F. Piehler Carolina bays are nearly ubiquitous along ~ 1300 km of the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain, but relatively few bays have been examined in detail, making their formation and evolution a topic of controversy. The Lake Mattamuskeet basin, eastern North Carolina, USA, is a conglomeration of multiple Carolina bays that form a 〉 162 kmlake. The eastern shoreline of the lake is made up of a 2.9-km-wide plain of parabolic ridges that recorded rapid shoreface progradation. The lower shoreface deposit contains abundant charcoal beds and laminae dated 6465–6863 cal yr BP, corresponding with initiation of a lacustrine environment in the eastern part of the lake. A core from the western part of the lake sampled a 1541–1633 cal yr BP charcoal bed at the base of the lacustrine unit, indicating formation of this part of the basin postdates the eastern basin. Lake Mattamuskeet has no relationship to the Younger Dryas or a linked impact event because rim accretion significantly postdates 12,000 cal yr BP. The shoreline progradation, and association of charcoal beds with the oldest lake sediment in both main parts of the basin, suggest that fire and subsequent hydrodynamic processes were associated with initial formation of these Carolina bays.
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    Visual recovery of desert pavement surfaces following impacts from vehicle and foot traffic in the Ross Sea region of Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-18
    Description: Research Articles Tanya A. O'Neill, Megan R. Balks, Jerónimo López-Martínez, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-17 Abstract
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    Iron localization in Acarospora colonizing schist on Signy Island (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles O.W. Purvis, P. Convey, M.J. Flowerdew, H.J. Peat, J. Najorka, A. Kearsley, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-7 Abstract
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    Juncus bufonius , a new non-native vascular plant in King George Island, South Shetland Islands (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Rapid Communication Marely Cuba-Díaz, J. Max Troncoso, Cristian Cordero, Victor L. Finot, Mauricio Rondanelli-Reyes, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-2 Abstract
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    Zonation in a cryptic Antarctic intertidal macrofaunal community (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Catherine L. Waller, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-7 Abstract
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    Endophytic bacterial diversity of an Antarctic moss, Sanionia uncinata (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Mira Park, Hyoungseok Lee, Soon Gyu Hong, Ok-Sun Kim, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-4 Abstract
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    Kerguelen petrel ( Lugensa brevirostris ): a ‘new’ breeding species for South Georgia (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Rapid Communication Andy Black, Graham Parker, Kalinka Rexer-Huber, Erica Sommer, Richard J. Cuthbert, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-2 Abstract
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    The first record of fossil penguins from East Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Piotr Jadwiszczak, Krzysztof P. Krajewski, Zinaida Pushina, Andrzej Tatur, Grzegorz Zieliński, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-12 Abstract
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    Lead adsorption in the clay fraction of two soil profiles from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Thiago Mendonça, Vander F. Melo, Luís R.F. Alleoni, Carlos E.G.R. Schaefer, Roberto F.M. Michel, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-8 Abstract
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    Total and fractionation metal contents obtained with sequential extraction procedures in a sediment core from Terra Nova Bay, West Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Claudia E. Casalino, Mery Malandrino, Agnese Giacomino, Ornella Abollino, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-16 Abstract
    Print ISSN: 0954-1020
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    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
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    Long-term talus flatirons formation in the hyperarid northeastern Negev, Israel (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Available online 15 January 2013 Publication year: 2013 Source: Quaternary Research Colluvial sediments of talus relicts (“talus flatirons”) around mesas preserve a record that sheds light on slope-forming processes at temporal scales 〉 10 3 yr. The sedimentology and soil stratigraphy of two groups of talus flatirons in the northeastern hyperarid Negev desert reveal four deposition events in the younger talus and at least two in the older one. Numerical modeling of high-resolution 10 Be depth profiles suggests that these taluses were deposited during the middle Pleistocene; the younger talus group first depositional event occurred at 551 − 142 + 80 ka and its abandonment occurred at 270 − 38 + 17 ka. The abandonment of the older talus group and stabilization of its surface occurred at 497 − 114 + 176 ka. These ages indicate that the development of the studied talus sequence is not specifically associated with Pleistocene glacial–interglacial cycles. The 10 Be modeled concentrations indicate significant differences in the average inheritance of talus flatirons of different groups. These differences can be attributed to variability in the transport distance and duration of gravel exposure during transport but could also reflect some temporal variability in cliff retreat. Our results also demonstrate that talus slopes in hyperarid areas, despite their steepness, can store sediment for long periods (~ 500 ka) and thus constitute a valuable archive.
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    Large-scale occupancy surveys in East Antarctica discover new Adélie penguin breeding sites and reveal an expanding breeding distribution (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-17
    Description: Research Articles Colin Southwell, Louise Emmerson, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-5 Abstract
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  • 79
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    The loess cover of northeastern Wisconsin (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-17
    Description: Available online 15 January 2013 Publication year: 2013 Source: Quaternary Research We present the first study of the distribution, genesis and paleoenvironmental significance of late Pleistocene loess in northeastern Wisconsin and adjacent parts of Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Loess here is commonly 25–70 cm thick. Upland areas that were deglaciated early and remained geomorphically stable preferentially accumulated loess by providing sites that were efficient at trapping and retaining eolian sediment. Data from 419 such sites indicate that the loess was mainly derived from proglacial outwash plains and, to a lesser extent, hummocky end moraines within and near the region, particularly those toward the east of the loess deposits. Most of the loess was transported on katabatic winds coming off the ice sheet, which entrained and transported both silt and fine sands. The loess fines markedly, and is better sorted, distal to these source regions. Only minimal amounts of loess were deposited in this area via westerly winds. This research (1) reinforces the observation that outwash plains and end moraines can be significant loess sources, (2) provides evidence for katabatic winds as significant eolian transport vectors, and (3) demonstrates that the loess record may be variously preserved across landscapes, depending on where and when geomorphically stable sites became available for loess accumulation.
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  • 80
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    New counts of Adélie penguin populations at Scullin and Murray monoliths, Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Colin J. Southwell, Louise M. Emmerson, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-4 Abstract
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  • 81
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    First records of the white-rumped sandpiper and brown-hooded gull south-east of the Antarctic Peninsula (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Rapid Communication Václav Pavel, Karel Weidinger, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-2 Abstract
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  • 82
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    First record of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania: phytosaurs (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) of probable Late Triassic age, with a review of phytosaur biogeography (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: Fossils of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania and the wider East Baltic region of Europe have previously been unknown. We here report the first Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrate fossils from Lithuania: two premaxillary specimens and three teeth that belong to Phytosauria, a common clade of semiaquatic Triassic archosauriforms. These specimens represent an uncrested phytosaur, similar to several species within the genera Paleorhinus , Parasuchus , Rutiodon and Nicrosaurus . Because phytosaurs are currently only known from the Upper Triassic, their discovery in northwestern Lithuania (the Saltiskiai clay-pit) suggests that at least part of the Triassic succession in this region is Late Triassic in age, and is not solely Early Triassic as has been previously considered. The new specimens are among the most northerly occurrences of phytosaurs in the Late Triassic, as Lithuania was approximately 7–10° further north than classic phytosaur-bearing localities in nearby Germany and Poland, and as much as 40° further north than the best-sampled phytosaur localities in North America. The far northerly occurrence of the Lithuanian fossils prompts a review of phytosaur biogeography and distribution, which suggests that these predators were widely distributed in the Triassic monsoonal belt but rarer in more arid regions.
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  • 83
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    40Ar-39Ar ages and isotope geochemistry of Cretaceous basalts in northern Madagascar: refining eruption ages, extent of crustal contamination and parental magmas in a flood basalt province (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: The Madagascar Cretaceous igneous province exposed in the Mahajanga basin is represented by basalt and basaltic andesite lavas. New 40 Ar– 39 Ar plateau ages (92.3 ± 2.0 Ma and 91.5 ± 1.3 Ma) indicate that the magmatism in the Mahajanga basin started about 92 Ma ago. Four geochemically distinct magma types (Groups A–D) are present. Group A and C rocks have low to moderate TiO 2 (1.2–2.6 wt%), Nb (3–9 μg g –1 ) and Zr (82–200 μg g –1 ), and show large variations in Nd i (+0.1 to –10.8), 206 Pb/ 204 Pb (15.28 to 16.33) and Os (+11.4 to +7378). The large isotopic variations, particularly in Os, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions, are likely due to crustal contamination. The low Pb isotope ratios observed in the Group A and C rocks suggest involvement of continental crust with low μ ( 238 U/ 204 Pb). Group B and D rocks have moderate to high TiO 2 (2.2–4.9 wt%), Nb (8–24 μg g –1 ) and Zr (120–327 μg g –1 ). Age-corrected isotopes of Group B and D lavas show a small range in Nd i (+1.0 to +4.0) and a wide range in Os (+128 to +1182). Values of 207 Pb/ 204 Pb are within the range for Groups A and C, but the Group D 206 Pb/ 204 Pb (16.52–17.08) and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb (37.51–38.01) values are higher, indicating a different crustal contaminant. Pb isotopic values of the Group B rocks seem to reflect the isotopic features of their mantle source. The magma groups of Mahajanga display a wide range of trace element and isotopic compositions that cannot be explained only by open-system crystallization processes but, rather, by distinct mantle sources.
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  • 84
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    Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrogenesis of igneous inclusions within three inactive diapirs, Zagros belt, Shahre-kord, Iran (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: The Kaj-Rostam Abad, Dashtak and Doab diapirs are part of the Precambrian–Cambrian Hormuz series that are rich in igneous inclusions concentrated by dissolution of diapiric salt. They are situated in the Iran–Pakistan salt range and commonly associated with inclusions of basalt, trachyte, andesite, micro-gabbro, gypsum and anhydrite, with lesser amounts of carbonate rocks. The mineral assemblage in these inclusions developed in three stages: (I) magmatic stage (diopside, Ti-augite, kaersutite, plagioclase, apatite, biotite and opaque minerals), (II) late magmatic stage (biotite, quartz, chlorite, albite, calcite, titanite, epidote, actinolite and opaque minerals) and (III) vein mineralization (quartz, chlorite, albite, calcite, garnet, epidote, opaque minerals and actinolite). Clinopyroxene is diopside to Ti-augite. Actinolite, kaersutite, albite and pycnochlorite are constituents of the metasomatic rocks of the area. Chlorite geothermometry yielded a temperature of 330–500 °C for chlorite formation. Clinopyroxene thermobarometry ranges from 960 ≤ T ≤ 1440 °C and 1 ≤ P ≤ 10 kbar. The presence of halite-bearing fluid inclusions in hydrothermal quartz veins with homogenization temperatures between 320 and 350 °C points to strong evidence of hydrothermal events. The salinity of these fluids is 39.8–42.7 wt% NaCl. 18 O data on hydrothermal quartz veins range from 14.89 to 22.09 (SMOW), indicating that the studied samples were affected by fluids originated from sedimentary-evaporitic rocks. Meteoric water that penetrated the evaporitic rocks likely mixed with late magmatic fluids while subjected to magmatic heat, when buried to depths of several kilometres by the Phanerozoic cover sequence. Whole-rock geochemistry data for the studied rocks emphasize their alkaline to sub-alkaline affinities, in a transitional magmatic series.
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  • 85
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    Guzhangian (mid Cambrian) trilobites from siliceous concretions of the Valtorres Formation, Iberian Chains, NE Spain (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: In the carbonate-siliciclastic strata of West Gondwana (e.g. in the Montagne Noire, France), the aftermath of the mid Languedocian (mid Cambrian) regression is characterized by a late Languedocian major turnover of trilobite families and a Furongian–early Tremadocian radiation related to the stepwise immigration of trilobite invaders from East Gondwana under persistent transgressive conditions. The scarcity of upper Languedocian fossil accumulations in clayey substrates has inspired the sampling of the palaeogeographically most distal parts of the Iberian Chains (Spain), where diagenetic dissolution of ubiquitous hexactinellid sponge spicules has favoured the formation of siliceous concretions. These have yielded the trilobites Peronopsis cf. insignis , Oidalagnostus trispinifer , Proampyx difformis (= Proampyx aculeatus ), Bailiaspis ? glabrata (= Holocephalina agrauloides , by ontogeny), Holasaphus cf. centropyge and a paradoxidid gen. et sp. indet. Despite preservation and sampling biases, the identification of this taphonomic window in offshore clayey substrates of West Gondwana allows the recognition of a strong biogeographical link with Baltica, and the correlation of the global Guzhangian Stage and the Solenopleura ? brachymetopa Zone of Scandinavia with part of the Mediterranean upper Languedocian Substage.
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  • 86
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    The pre-Alpine tectonic history of the Austroalpine continental basement in the Valpelline unit (Western Italian Alps) (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: The Valpelline unit is a large slice of continental crust constituting the Austroalpine Dent Blanche nappe (NW Italy). The pre-Alpine evolution of this unit holds important clues about the Palaeozoic crustal structure at the northern margin of the Adria continent, about the history of rifting in the Alpine region, and thus about the thermomechanical conditions that preceded the Alpine convergent evolution. Several stages of the deformation history and of partial re-equilibration were identified, combining meso- and micro-structural analyses with thermobarometry. Reconstructed pre-Alpine P–T–t –d paths demonstrate that the Valpelline unit experienced an early stage at pressures between 4.5 and 6.5 kbar followed by migmatite formation. A subsequent stage reached amphibolite to granulite facies conditions. This stage was associated with the development of the most penetrative fabrics affecting all of the Valpelline lithotypes. The pre-Alpine evolution ended with a weak deformation associated with a local mineral-chemical re-equilibration under greenschist facies conditions at 4 kbar and T 〈 450°C. A Permo-Mesozoic lithospheric extension is thought to be responsible for asthenosphere upwelling, thereby causing high temperature metamorphism at medium pressure and widespread partial melting, which led to upper crustal magmatic activity.
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  • 87
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    Detrital zircon geochronology and sandstone provenance of basement Waipapa Terrane (Triassic-Cretaceous) and Cretaceous cover rocks (Northland Allochthon and Houhora Complex) in northern North Island, New Zealand (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: Detrital zircon U–Pb ages are reported for 14 sandstones of mainly Cretaceous age from the Northland Allochthon, Houhora Complex and Waipapa Terrane of northern North Island, New Zealand. Results from the Waipapa Terrane samples, selected from sequences in the Bay of Plenty, Coromandel Peninsula and Great Barrier Island, show that deposition continued into late Early Cretaceous time and, as in the Torlesse Composite Terrane, finally waned at c . 110–114 Ma. Upper Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous sedimentary successions in the Houhora Complex and Northland Allochthon have dominant sediment sources derived from local, contemporary volcanism, with a minor older contribution from the Murihiku Terrane to the west. As in eastern North Island, upper Upper Cretaceous sandstones lack major Albian magmatic components and their sources are solely in the Murihiku Terrane, and possibly the Western Province. We propose a Cretaceous palaeogeographic model that invokes a recently extinct orogen and a partially submerged continental borderland, dissected by rivers supplying submarine fans.
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  • 88
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    New evidence of a giant bird from the Late Cretaceous of France (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: A large heterocoelous cervical vertebra from the Late Cretaceous of Cruzy (Hérault, southern France) is described and referred to the giant bird Gargantuavis philoinos Buffetaut & Le Loeuff, 1998, confirming its avian nature. Gargantuavis appears to have been a long-necked bird with possibly a relatively small skull. Derived features such as heterocoely suggest that Gargantuavis was an advanced ornithuromorph, close to ornithurines.
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  • 89
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    Structure and life cycle of supraglacial lakes in Dronning Maud Land (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Matti Leppäranta, Onni Järvinen, Olli-Pekka Mattila, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-11 Abstract
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    Three-dimensional use of marine habitats by juvenile emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri during post-natal dispersal (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Amélie Lescroël, Christophe Barbraud, Charles-André Bost, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-9 Abstract
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  • 91
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    Epiphytic diatom communities of Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica: structural analysis and relations to algal host (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Roksana Majewska, Maria Cristina Gambi, Cecilia Maria Totti, Mario De Stefano, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-13 Abstract
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    Sensitivity analysis identifies high influence sites for estimates of penguin krill consumption on the Antarctic Peninsula (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Heather J. Lynch, Norman Ratcliffe, Jennifer Passmore, Emma Foster, Philip N. Trathan, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-5 Abstract
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    Volume -1 (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Antarctic Science, Volume -1 Antarctic Science provides a truly international forum for the broad spread of studies that increasingly characterise scientific research in the Antarctic. Whilst emphasising interdisciplinary work, the journal publishes papers from environmental management to biodiversity, from volcanoes to icebergs, and from oceanography to the upper atmosphere. No other journal covers such a wide range of Antarctic scientific studies. The journal attracts papers from all countries currently undertaking Antarctic research. It publishes both review and data papers with no limits on length, two-page short notes on technical developments and recent discoveries, and book reviews. These, together with an editorial discussing broader aspects of science, provide a rich and varied mixture of items to interest researchers in all areas of science. There are no page charges, or charges for colour, to authors publishing in the Journal. One issue each year is normally devoted to a specific theme or papers from a major meeting.
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    Observations of the ophiuroids from the West Antarctic sector of the Southern Ocean (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Chester J. Sands, Huw J. Griffiths, Rachel V. Downey, David K.A. Barnes, Katrin Linse, Rafael Martín-Ledo, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-8 Abstract
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    CO 2 -C losses and carbon quality of selected Maritime Antarctic soils (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: Research Articles Juliana Vanir De Souza Carvalho, Eduardo De Sá Mendonça, Newton La Scala, César Reis, Efrain Lázaro Reis, Carlos E.G.R. Schaefer, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-8 Abstract
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    Insights into the biology and phylogeny of Chloromonas polyptera (Chlorophyta), an alga causing orange snow in Maritime Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-22
    Description: Research Articles Daniel Remias, Hans Wastian, Cornelius Lütz, Thomas Leya, Antarctic Science , Volume -1 , pp 1-9 Abstract
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    Climate and vegetation change during the late-glacial/early-Holocene transition inferred from multiple proxy records from Blacktail Pond, Yellowstone National Park, USA (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-21
    Description: Available online 20 February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Source: Quaternary Research A series of environmental changes from late-glacial ice recession through the early Holocene are revealed in a 7000-yr-long record of pollen, charcoal, geochemistry, and stable isotopes from Blacktail Pond, a closed-basin lake in Yellowstone National Park. Prior to 11,500 cal yr BP, cool conditions dominated, fire activity was low, and alpine tundra and Picea parkland grew on the landscape. A step-like climate change to warm summer conditions occurred at 11,500 cal yr BP. In response, fire activity increased facilitating a transition from Picea parkland to closed Pinus forest. From 11,500 to 8280 cal yr BP, warm summers and abundant moisture mostly likely from high winter snowfall supported closed Pinus contorta forests. Cooler drier summer conditions prevailed beginning 8280 cal yr BP due to decreased summer insolation and winter snowpack, and lower parkland developed. The timing of vegetation change in the Blacktail Pond record is similar to other low- and middle-elevation sites in the northern Rocky Mountains during the late-glacial period, suggesting local plant communities responded to regional-scale climate change; however, the timing of vegetation changes was spatially variable during the early and middle Holocene due to the varying influences of strengthened summer monsoons and subtropical high on regional precipitation patterns.
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    Surface elevation and velocity changes on the south-central Greenland ice sheet: 19802011 (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 99
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    Using surface velocities to calculate ice thickness and bed topography: a case study at Columbia Glacier, Alaska, USA (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 100
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    Helicopter electromagnetic data map ice thickness at Mount Adams and Mount Baker, Washington, USA (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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