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  • Oceanic islands  (12)
  • Geodesy
  • Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador  (13)
  • Springer  (1)
  • 2005-2009  (14)
  • 1950-1954
  • 2008  (14)
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  • 2005-2009  (14)
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Esta investigación es parte del Proyecto Indicadores Biológicos de diferentes ecosistemas marinos del Ecuador, correspondiente a la región Insular de Galápagos durante agosto 2000, con el propósito de comprender la dinámica poblacional del fitoplancton (cuali-cuantitativo) de las diferentes masas de agua que afloran al este y oeste de Galápagos y entre las islas enfocando áreas de mayor fertilidad marina en la época seca.
    Description: This study corresponds to the cruise around the Galapagos Islands carried out by the Oceanographic Institute of the Ecuadorian Navy in August 2000. The purpose was to understand, quantitatively and qualitatively, the ecological dynamics of the phytoplankton during the dry season. The chlorophyll "a" data from surface waters registered high concentrations (0.87 - 2.18 mg/m3) southwest off the Galapagos Islands, reflecting upwelling processes. Sub-surface-water values were higher southward, while the lowest values were found to the north. Nuclei of high chlorophyll "a" content were found to the southwest of the Galapagos (10 m), and to the southeast (40-50 m). The cellular biomass was represented by P. delicatissima, species responsible for the high fertility in the center of the upwelling area and to the southwest and south off the Galapagos, Thalassiosira subtilis and Gymnodinium sp. were dominant to the east. The incidence of the Cromwell Current was accented toward 91° and 92°W; toward 89°W different conditions were shown, probably associated to the influence of the Humboldt Current. The biomass in 55µm mesh size fraction was dominated by P. delicatissima (0 m); P. delicatissima, C. compresus and C. curvisetus ( 0 - 50 m). C. tripos and G. polyedra, warm water species dominated to the north off the Galapagos in surface waters, while in sub-surface waters these species dominated to the southeast. This atypical behaviour was observed during the cruise of May 2000, when upwelling conditions were not evident.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Biomass ; Chlorophylls ; Marine ecology ; Population dynamics ; Phytoplankton ; Chlorophylls ; Biomass ; Upwelling ; Marine ecology ; Water masses ; Population dynamics ; Cruises ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Este contexto estratigráfico y estructural, hace que la Isla Santa Clara sea un testigo directo de los eventos neotectónicos del Golfo de Guayaquil. El estudio realizado en la Isla Santa Clara se ha desarrollado bajo dos objetivos: 1. Obtener datos detallados de la evolución temprana y actual de la Isla, en base a nuevos datos de estratigrafía y morfología, 2. Encuadrar la evolución de la Isla dentro del contexto sismotectónico y estructural del Golfo de Guayaquil, a fin de precisar la localización de las fallas potencialmente activas.
    Description: We made a detailed revision of the stratigraphic, morphologic and structural data of the Santa Clara Island and its area, with the prospect of define the recent geodynamic evolution of the island during quaternary up to present. A descordance has been evidenced in the Santa Clara island Mayor between the deposits of the Verdosa (below) and Amarilla series (over). It allows to point out the change from a relatively stable sedimentation and paleogeography to a system of transgresive and prograding sequences. This change is accompanied by the occurrence of sismites just over the discordance. The island appear mostly during the quaternary, and seem to fit with the rising of a clay diapiro, as suggested by the batimetric data showing the rounded shape of the subtidal platform around the island. A comparison between the regional sismicity and the structures known from seismic profiles near the island allows to precise the position of the Dolores-Guayaquil fault inside the gulf. From the Puná Island the Dolores-Guayaquil fault continues to the WSW, passing near the south border of the Santa Clara Island, and continuing along the south margin of the Esperanza structure, joining known structures on the border and the continental shelf. This result allow to precise the position of the presently active fault segments of the Dolores-Guayaquil fault system in the central and western part of the Gulf of Guayaquil, that remain uncertain on previous published schemes.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., ilus.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Stratigraphy ; Stratigraphy ; Structural geology ; Tectonophysics ; Quaternary ; Bathymetric data ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Con este aporte al mejor conocimiento de los invertebrados marinos intermareales en 10 islas se pretende ir completando la base de datos de bentos marino de Galápagos.
    Description: From of observations on the rocky substrate of the intertidal zone, realized at ten (10) islands of the Galápagos Archipelago: Pinta island (Ibbetson cape), Marchena I. (Montalvo cape), Genovesa I. (Darwin bay), San Salvador (James bay), Fernandina I. (Espinoza point), Santa Cruz I. (Academy and Tortuga bays), Isabela I. (General Villamil port), Floreana I. (Velasco Ibarra port), Española I. (Suarez point) and San Cristobal I. (Pitt point). Seven (7) phyla of invertebrates organisms were founded, which are the most common, abundance and frequents on the rocky substrate of the intertidal zone: Porifera, Coelenterate, Annelid, Mollusk, Arthropod, Brizoa and Echinodermata. A total of thitty seven specie of organisms were identified, of which twenty seven are Molluscks (19 gastropods, 6 Bivalve and 2 Poliplacophora); Seven (7) specie are Echinoderms (4 Echinoids, 1 Holothuroids, 1 ophiura and 1 Asteroid; Two (2) specie Arthropods (1 Cirripedia and 1 decapoda), 1 annelid specie (polichaeta), also organisms that belong to phyla: Porifera (sponge), Coelenterata (anemone) and Briozoa. The most common and frequent species of the Galapagos Islands intertidal zone is the crustacean Grapsus grapsus or zayapa crab. On second place, may be considered the gastropods mollusks Plicopurpura columellaris and Nodilittorina galapagensis, and on third place the echinoderms: Eucidaris thouarsii (erizo lapicero) and Lytechinus semituberculatus (erizo verde). The islands with the higher marine biodiversity of invertebrates in the intertidal zone area: San Salvador (James Bay) and Fernandina (Espinoza point), each one with sixteen (16) specie. The following islands are Isabela (General Villamil port) and Genovesa (Darwin bay). The lower biodiversity were observed on Marchena (Montalvo point) and Pinta (Ibettson cape). From the two islands, Marchena is considered like the more poor. There is the possibility that the worlf Island has the lower intertidal biodiversity among all the Galapagos Islands.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; Zoobenthos ; Marine molluscs ; Biodiversity ; Cruises ; Marine invertebrates ; Zoobenthos ; Oceanic islands
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  • 4
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Con el objeto de determinar el patrón de circulación en la Caleta AEOLIAN, en septiembre del 2006 se realizaron mediciones de corrientes a nivel superficial y subsuperficial, periodo correspondiente a una época seca (verano), durante este periodo se realizaron mediciones de perfiles de corrientes utilizando un correntómetro perfilador ADCP WHS300 y de manera adicional se realizaron mediciones de corrientes superficiales para lo cual se utilizaron flotadores a la deriva. El área de estudio esta sujeta a una intensa variación, probablemente debido a la acción conjugada de los vientos, al ciclo mareal, a los efectos topográficos por la cercanía a la línea costera, con velocidades promedios de 0.21 m/s en las capas superficiales, 0.18 m/s en las capas media y 0.12 m/s en las capas profundas. Del campo de corrientes superficiales y subsuperficiales obtenido con los flotadores a la deriva, se puede apreciar que la bahía se llena (flujo) a través del extremo sur mientras que la vaciante (reflujo) se produce por el extremo norte de la bahía con magnitudes promedios de 0.10 m/s. En forma general la bahía AEOLIAN, presenta un modelo conceptual de circulación sujeta a la variabilidad en la intensidad de los afloramientos que se produce al oeste de la isla Isabela y que tiene influencia en la circulación alrededor del archipiélago.
    Description: The circulation pattern of the Caleta AEOLIAN, was studied based on measurements of surface and subsurface currents in september 2006, period corresponding to a a dry season (summer), during this time were carried out measurements currents profiles using currentmeter ADCP WH300 and additional measurements of surface currents using drifting floats. The study area is subject to intense change, probably due to the combined action of wind, tidal cycle, the topographic effects by the proximity to the coastline, with average velocities of 0.21 m / s in surface layers, 0.18 m / s in the middle layers 0.12 m / s in the deep. The field surface and subsurface currents obtained with the drifting floats, suggested that inflow to the bay takes place at the southern, outflow through the northern of the bay, with averages velocities of about 0.10 m / s. The Caleta AEOLIAN, present a conceptual model of circulation subject to variability in intensity of upwelling occurring west of the Isabela island and exerts a strong influence on the circulation around of the archipelago.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., ilus.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Dry season ; Current meters ; Surface currents ; Surface layers ; Tidal cycles ; Equatorial upwelling ; Dry season ; Oceanic islands ; Nearshore dynamics
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  • 5
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Normalmente en los levantamientos geodésicos se utilizan dos tipos de referencias: las coordenadas de origen y el datum vertical: Las primeras están en función del elipsoide o superficie matemática de referencia que más se ajusta al área, y el segundo; por la determinación del nivel medio del mar con 19 años de observación. El Ecuador tiene como elipsoide de referencia, el Internacional y el datum horizontal del punto localizado en la Canoa, Venezuela (Provisional South American Datum 1956, PSAD 56), cuya coordenadas han sido transportadas a nuestro país mediante redes geodésicas. En 1948, el Ecuador instaló una estación mareográfica en la Libertad (Lat. 020° 12'S., Long. 80° 55'W) y a la determinación del datum vertical se refiere el presente trabajo.
    Description: Incl. ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Datum levels ; Geodesy
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  • 6
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El presente trabajo se orienta para conocer la calidad actual de las aguas costeras insulares de cinco Bahías del Archipiélago: Naufragio, Academia, Darwin, Puerto Velasco Ibarra y Puerto Villamil.
    Description: The evaluation of the obtained results about a water quality study performed on five bays of Galapagos Islands, Naufragio Bay (San Cristóbal Island), Academia Bay (Santa Cruz island), Velasco Ibarra Port (Santa María island), General Villamil Port ( Santa Isabela Island) and Darwin Bay (Genovesa island), during September and October, 1999; considering the behavior and distribution of different parameters on surface and ten meters depth waters is presented. The obtained results show the presence of relatively cold waters uniformly distributed on the research area, on surface and ten meters depth waters; except on Darwin bay where the temperature raised up to 23°C. Salinity shows 35UPS as a maximun value on Naufragio Bay and lower values on Santa María island, Isabela island,and Darwin Bay, with values between 34 and 34.7 UPS; while on Academia Bay, the lowest value (32.5 UPS), was detected. These lower values were probably due to the rain experimented at the sampling time. Well oxigenated surface waters were detected, with values between 4.0 and 5.5 ml/l with the maximum concentration on the Isabela Island area. The inorganic nutrients (fosfate, silicate, nitrate and nitrite), showed characteristic values of the season and the studied area, with values between (0.05-0.26, 4.0 - 17, 2.0 - 23 and 0.2 - 1.4 ug-at/l), respectively. The highest concentrations were observed on ten meters depth and near the coast waters, while the lower values were detected far from the coastal waters. Low concentrations of dissolved and dispersed oil hydrocarbons 1.14 - 2.43 ug/l u. Crisene), with a maximum located on Academia Bay, were detected. It's important to point out that the detected concentrations are under permissible levels for free contamination waters and for marine life. About microbiological research, the higher concentrations of both, total and fecal coliforms (240 - 15 NMP/100ml, at Las Ninfas area (Academia bay), followed by Naufragio bay (16 - 8.8 NMP/100ml) were detected, while the lower concentrations (2 - 5 NMP/100ml) on Santa María Island, Isabela Island and Darwin Bay, were observed.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl.,grafs., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Water quality ; Chemical composition ; Water temperature ; Salinity ; Coastal waters ; Water quality ; Chemical composition ; Salinity ; Water temperature ; Coastal waters ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 7
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El propósito de esta investigación fue realizar una evaluación de la distribución de las especies del fitoplancton (red 55u), durante noviembre-diciembre-2001, en una región latitudinal que implica dos áreas insulares del Pacífico Tropical Islas Cocos e Islas Galápagos, estudios que serán de gran contribución científica para el conocimiento de estas especies en la región del mar ecuatoriano.
    Description: The investigation is a contribution to the study of the geographical distribution of phytoplankton. Water samples were obtained with a 55 µm mesh size net in a transect from Punta Arenas to Cocos Island (Costa Rica) and to the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), on board R/V Robert Seaman of the Sea Educational Association (Woods Hole), between November 26 and December 10, 2001. The identification of 91 phytoplankton species was possible, including 24 Centricae and 11 Pennatae diatom species, 43 dinoflagellate species and 13 species among others (Tintinnids, Silicoflagellates and Cianophytas). In the northern part of the transect, between 6° and 5° N, the species Pseudonitzschia delicatissima was dominant, this species is associated to the presence of species such as Blefarocysta splendor-maris, Ceratium furca, Goniodoma polyedricum, and Planktoniella sol (5° S), representing strictly warm water conditions. Thermal values were between 27.25 °C and 27.04 °C and salinities of 33.00 UPS were found. The presence of Ornithocercus steinni and Pyrophacus steinni, species of warm and oceanic conditions, possibly inidicate areas of not very defined mixtures in the intermediate part of the studied transect (4° S - 0°) with temperatures ranging between 26.8 °C and 24.6 °C and salinities between 33.23 and 33.42 UPS. The biomass of phytoplankton decreased in the southern region (northwest of Floreana Island, 1°1 S) and very high diversity of species of warm conditions (Ceratium tripos), and the cold condicitions (Chaetoceros and Bacteriastrum) was found; the temperature record showed 21.5 °C and the salinity was 34.86 UPS.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Geographical distribution ; Phytoplankton ; Biomass ; Species diversity ; Geographical distribution ; Phytoplankton ; Biomass ; Species diversity ; Cruises ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 8
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Esta investigación tiene como propósito el de identificar las especies de los poliquetos bentónicos y conocer la actividad biológica de estos organismos marinos en las diferentes bahías y puertos en el área del Archipiélago de Galápagos, con la finalidad de determinar la composción, distribución y abundancia de cada uno de ellos y sus asociaciones existentes en la zona estudiada, durante el segundo Crucero de la Armada del Ecuador a bordo del B7I "ORION" entre septiembre y octubre de 1999.
    Description: During the II Oceanographic Cruise accomplished by the Oceanografic Institute of the Navy of the Ecuador aboard B/I "ORION" between September and October of 1999, 11 sediment samples obtained with drag type Van Veen, were studied in the principal ports and bays of the Genovesa (Bay Darwin)), Floreana (Pto. Velasco Ibarra). St. Cristobal (Naufragio) Bay), Isabel (Pto. General Villamil) and Santa Cruz Islands (Academy Bay) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. In this period of taking samples the temperature of the water of the sea oscillated between 20° C in the south part under study are and 25° C northward. The salinity between 33.9 and 34.7 ‰. A total of 11 families of poliquetos (bentonic) distributed in 12 genus and 12 especies were identified, being Boccardia tricuspa the most frequent species with 41.6%, followed by Capitella capitata, Glicera branchiopoda, Ophiodromus sp. and Pilargis sp. with 16.6%, the other species represent 1%. The Naufragio Bay (St. Cristobal) was the area of highest abundance of specimens with 59 organism. The most extense diversity of 6 species was found on the Isabel Island in sediment of sand.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Benthos ; Distribution ; Aquatic communities ; Distribution ; Marine organisms ; Marine invertebrates ; Benthos ; Aquatic communities ; Biodiversity ; Composition ; Abundance ; Cruises ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 9
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La información analizada en este trabajo corresponde a datos obtenidos durante algunos cruceros oceanográficos efectuados en diferentes épocas del año alrededor de las Islas Galápagos, así como también información disponible durante eventos anómalos como El Niño y La Niña.
    Description: On the basis of the oceanographic data such as: temperature, salinity and currents, collected in oceanographic expeditions in different times of the year, a description of the conditions oceanographic has been made for the Galápagos Islands. The variations of surface and subsurface sea temperature are well defined in the study area and for the different analyzed seasons. From a normal dry season to a cold anomalous one the biggest variations of temperature were observed to the southwest of the Isabela Island, during a cold time they register the smallest ranges of temperature, intensifying the upwelling of the Equatorial Undercurrent on the other hand, comparing ranges of temperature during humid seasons with warm anomalous on the variations are too higher, then positive temperature anomalies in the whole region exceeds 4°C to the normal. The biggest ranges of surface salinity were observed during the dry season and cold events, without discard the presence of a tongue of high salinity located to the south of the studied area. With respect to the subsurface distribution a nucleus of high salinity is present in all the analyzed seasons, probably, related to the Equatorial Undercurrent. The circulation pattern, in the sea surface levels, presents flows west, this circulation scheme was obtained during a dry season, period of strong southwest trade winds. Subsurfacelly the currents have a predominant eastward direction, which circulation scheme belongs to the upwelling of the Equatorial Undercurrent or Cromwell Current whose nucleus is centered around 40 meters to the west and east of the island.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Temperature measurement ; Current data ; Upwelling ; Multiship expeditions ; Oceanic islands ; Surface temperature ; Salinity measurement
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue dar un comprensivo entendimiento de las condiciones bio-oceanográficas del fitoplancton-zooplancton-ictioplancton, y las interacciones con el medio circundante (físico, químico), procesos que son complicados cuando involucran aspectos hidrográficos costeros como áreas de afloramiento, áreas de pesca y áreas de soporte alimentario para los diferentes recursos marinos costeros planctónicos-bentónicos y aves-mamíferos marinos.
    Description: The oceanographic Institute of the Ecuadorian Navy carried out a coastal cruise around La Plata Island in August 2001 onboard the R/V RIGEL. The main objective was to study the distribution and interaction of ecological variables affecting phyto-zooplankton and ichthyoplankton, as a tool for the evaluation of coastal marine resources. An important aspect is the bathymetry of the area influencing the biological component. Shallower waters are found southwards allowing the occurrence of upwelling and advection processes that bring nutrient rich waters to the surface. This is shown by the high chlorophyll "a" content found in the south, favorable for phyto- and zooplankton production, also abundant in that region. The cellular biomass was composed by species that are indicative of mixed waters, warm-oceanic and upwelling waters with increased abundance towards the south. The tendency of increased biological productivity in the southern margin of La Plata Island is coincident with other ecosystems such as the Galápagos Islands and Santa Clara Island. These southern areas area important ecological niches, i.e. birds and marine mammals, decisive for coastal marine resources support. It is of extreme importance to continue the vigilance and control of these areas, specially due to the negative effects that the proximity of commercial marine traffic may produce.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Marine resources ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Biological production ; Marine ecology ; Marine ecology ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Ichthyoplankton ; Upwelling ; Biological production ; Marine resources ; Cruises ; Oceanic islands ; Coastal zone
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: En el presente trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de las observaciones de campo de mamíferos marinos realizado en el segundo semestre del año 2000 en las Islas Galápagos y sus alrededores, durante un crucero oceanográfico del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada del Ecuador.
    Description: A total of 32 species of marine mammals have been recorded waters of the Galapagos Islands (including two species of sea lions and a sigthing of the southamerican sea lion, Otaria flavescens). This paper presents records of marine mammals collected during an oceanographic cruise (B/I ORION-CO-II-2000) around Galapagos Islands. The cruise was carried out between transects 089° W and 092° W from August 1 to August 16 (2000); along 2557 nautical miles. The work also included observations made from eighteen oceanographic stations. A total of 637 individuals and 5 species of marine mammals were recorded. In order of abundance these were: Common dolphins, Delphinus delphis and Pantropical spotted dolphins, Stenella atenuatta (n=400); Galapagos sea lions, Zalophus wollebaeki (n=130); Bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus (n=106); and Bryde's whales, Balaenoptera edeni (n=1). The relative abundance was 0.25 ind./ nautical mile and the daily abundance was 39,81 ind./ day. Most of the individuals were recorded between 00° 30' N; 92° 00 W (n=203) and 00° 10' S; 91° 34 W (n=204). Individuals were sighted primarily in areas considered to be high productivity such as upwelling areas.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Marine mammals ; Oceanographic stations ; Cruises ; Oceanic islands ; Population number
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  • 12
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: De la información de corrientes, obtenidas en forma directa con un correntómetro ADCP WHS300, durante el Crucero Oceanográfico realizado desde el 31 de julio al 16 de agosto del 2000, se determinó el patrón de circulación alrededor de las Islas Galápagos, el mismo que no sigue estrictamente la distribución encontrada en forma global por otros autores. La circulación en el área de estudio está principalmente gobernada por la presencia de los fuertes afloramientos producidos al oeste de las islas, por la topografía submarina del Archipiélago y por la presencia de las derivas superficiales hacia el oeste, producto de la convergencia de las Corrientes Sur Ecuatorial y Corriente de Humboldt. Los mayores flujos fueron observados en los niveles superficiales en la región norte del Ecuador con magnitudes alrededor de 1 m/s.
    Description: Based on information about currents obtained in direct form with an ADCP currentmeter WHS300, during the Oceanographic Cruise carried out since july 31 to august 16 of 2000, the pattern of circulation around the Galápagos Islands was determined, this doesn't strictly follow the distribution found in global form, by other authors. The circulation in our area of study is mainly influenced by the presence of strong upwelling produced at the west of the islands, the submarine topography of the Archipelago and the presence of the superficial drifts toward the west, as the result of the convergence of the South Equatorial Current and Humboldt Current. The major flows were observed at the superficial levels on the north region of the Equator with magnitudes around 1 m/s.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Current data ; Oceanographic equipment ; Cruises ; Acoustic current meters ; Oceanic islands ; Ocean circulation ; Coastal upwelling
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  • 13
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Un estudio de las características del régimen del oleaje en la isla San Cristóbal fue realizado durante el período comprendido entre diciembre de 1990 y diciembre de 1991. Los datos fueron obtenidos con un sensor de presion instalado en el veril de 9 m. en Bahía Naufragio, obteniéndose un registro de 2436 datos de alturas significativas y períodos medios. Del análisis de las series de alturas, períodos y los vientos de la región se determinó que las olas registradas corresponden a un régimen estacional ya que las de mayor altura y menores períodos se presentaron durante la época seca (de Mayo a Septiembre), con la intensificación de los vientos del sur y sureste, y las de menor amplitud y grandes períodos en la época húmeda. El arrecife de Schiavoni que se encuentra frente a la bahía actúa como zona de rompiente de las olas que vienen de aguas más profundas provocando olas de poca altura y grandes períodos. Se realizó además una predicción de olas de retorno mediante los métodos probabilísticos de Weibull, Drapper, Log-log y Lon-log, determinándose que el de Drapper presenta la mejor recta de ajuste para los puntos de probabilidades calculadas. Los cálculos fueron hechos ára períodos de 1, 10 y 25 años.
    Description: From December 1990 to december 1991, heights and periods of waves of san Cristobal island were measured with a wave and tide recorder, installed at about 9 m. depth at Wreck Bay. series analysis of heights and periods determined the seasonal wave behavior in San Cristobal Island in agreement with the wind seasonal field. the Schiavoni reef in front of the Bay, Showed his influence on the heights and periods of the waves arriving to the coast. Basides, a returned wave prediction was done using the probabilistic methods of Weibull, Drapper, Log-log and Long-log, concluding that the Drapper method presents the best linear fit to the probability points calculated. This approximation was made for periods of 1, 10 and 25 years.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl.,grafs., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Pressure sensors ; Wave period ; Wave height ; Wave analysis ; Oceanic islands
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Scientific investigations in Antarctica are, for many different reasons, a challenging and fascinating task. Measurements, observations and field operations must be carefully planned well in advance and the capacity of successfully meeting the goals of a scientific project is often related to the capacity of forecasting and anticipating the many different potential mishaps. In order to do that, experience and logistic support are crucial. On the scientific side, the team must be aware of its tasks and be prepared to carry out observations in a hostile environment: both technology and human resources have to be suitably selected, prepared, tested and trained. On the logistic side, nations, institutions and any other organisation involved in the expeditions must ensure the proper amount of competence and practical support. The history of modern Italian Antarctic expeditions dates back to the middle 80’s when the first infrastructures of “Mario Zucchelli Station”, formerly Terra Nova Bay Station, were settled at Terra Nova Bay, Northern Victoria Land. Only a few years later, the first geodetic infrastructures were planned and built. Italian geodetic facilities and activities were, ever since, being constantly maintained and developed. Nowadays, the most remarkable geodetic infrastructures are the permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) station (TNB1) installed at Mario Zucchelli and the GPS geodetic network Victoria Land Network for DEFormation control (VLNDEF) entirely deployed on an area extending between 71° S and 76° S and 160° E and 170° E. These facilities do not only allow carrying out utmost geodetic investigations but also posses interesting capacities on the international multidisciplinary scientific scenario. In order to fully exploit their potentiality, management and maintenance of the infrastructure are crucial; nevertheless, in order to perform high quality scientific research, these abilities must be coupled with the knowledge concerning a proper use and a correct processing of the information that these infrastructures can provide. This work focuses on the different methods that can be applied to process the observations that are performed with GPS technique in Northern Victoria Land, aiming at reaching the highest accuracy of results and assuring the larger significance and versatility of the processing outcomes. Three software were used for the analysis, namely: Bernese v.5.0, Gipsy/Oasis II and Gamit/Globk. The working data sets are (i) the permanent GPS station TNB1 observations continuously performed since 1998 and (ii) the five episodic campaigns performed on the sites of VLNDEF. The two infrastructures can be regarded as neat examples of standard geodetic installation in Antarctica. Therefore, the technological solutions that were adopted and applied for establishing the GPS permanent station and the VLNDEF geodetic network as well as the data processing strategies and the data analysis procedures that were tested on their observation will be illustrated in detail. The results will be presented, compared and discussed. Furthermore, their potentials and role in geodetic research will be carefully described; their versatility will also be highlighted in the foreground of a multidisciplinary Antarctic international scientific activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 37-72
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Antarctica ; Geodesy ; Geodetic Infrastructures ; GPS ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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