Publication Date:
2017-04-04
Description:
Most flank eruptions within a central stratovolcano
are triggered by lateral draining of magma from
its central conduit, and only few eruptions appear to be
independent of the central conduit. In order to better
highlight the dynamics of flank eruptions in a central
stratovolcano, we review the eruptive history of Etna over
the last 100 years. In particular, we take into consideration
the Mount Etna eruption in 2001, which showed
both summit activity and a flank eruption interpreted to be
independent from the summit system. The eruption
started with the emplacement of a ~N-S trending peripheral
dike, responsible for the extrusion of 75% of the total
volume of the erupted products. The rest of the magma
was extruded through the summit conduit system (SE
crater), feeding two radial dikes. The distribution of the
seismicity and structures related to the propagation of the
peripheral dike and volumetric considerations on the
erupted magmas exclude a shallow connection between
the summit and the peripheral magmatic systems during
the eruption. Even though the summit and the peripheral
magmatic systems were independent at shallow depths
(〈3 km b.s.l.), petro-chemical data suggest that a common
magma rising from depth fed the two systems. This deep
connection resulted in the extrusion of residual magma
from the summit system and of new magma from the
peripheral system. Gravitational stresses predominate at
the surface, controlling the emplacement of the dikes
radiating from the summit; conversely, regional tectonics,
possibly related to N-S trending structures, remains the most likely factor to have controlled at depth the rise of
magma feeding the peripheral eruption.
Description:
Published
Description:
517-529
Description:
1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
Description:
3.2. Tettonica attiva
Description:
3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
Description:
3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
Description:
4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
reserved
Keywords:
Central volcanoes
;
Summit and flank eruptions
;
Dikes
;
Tectonics
;
Volcano load
;
Mount Etna
;
04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous
;
04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
;
04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
;
04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
;
05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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