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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies
  • Turbulence
  • Springer  (4)
  • Elsevier  (3)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009  (7)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 2009  (3)
  • 2008  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Years
  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009  (7)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Magnetic observations over the area of the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) and the Ross Sea have been compiled into a digital database that furnishes a new regional scale view of the magnetic anomaly crustal field in this key sector of the Antarctic continent. This compilation is a component of the ongoing IAGA/SCAR Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project (ADMAP). The aeromagnetic surveys total 115000 line km, and are distributed across the Victoria Land sector of the TAM, the Ross Sea, and Marie Byrd Land. The magnetic campaigns were performed within the framework of the national and international Italian–German–US Antarctic research programs and conducted with differing specifications during nine field seasons from 1971 until 1997. Generally flight line spacing was less than 5 km while survey altitude varied from about 610 to 4000 m above sea level for barometric surveys and was equal to 305 m above topography for the single draped survey. Reprocessing included digitizing the old contour data, improved levelling by means of microlevelling in the frequency domain, and re-reduction to a common reference field based on the DGRF90 model. A multi-frequency grid procedure was then applied to obtain a coherent and merged total intensity magnetic anomaly map. The shaded relief map covers an area of approximately 380000 km2. This new compilation provides a regional image of the location and spatial extent of the Cenozoic alkaline magmatism related to the TAM–Ross Sea rift, Jurassic tholeiites, and crustal segments of the Early Palaeozoic magmatic arc. A linear, approximately 100-km wide and 600-km long Jurassic rift-like structure is newly identified. Magnetic fabric in the Ross Sea rift often matches seismically imaged Cenozoic fault arrays. Major buried onshore pre-rift fault zones, likely inherited from the Ross Orogen, are also delineated. These faults may have been reactivated as strike-slip belts that segmented the TAM into various crustal blocks.
    Description: Published
    Description: 121-137
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Antarctica ; Magnetic anomalies ; Tectonic structures ; Magmatism ; Geomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Springer
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Monitoring the Earth's magnetic field is carried out by geomagnetic observatories all over the world. In Italy, the first observatory was founded in 1880, when Pietro Tacchini, the director of the Central Meteorological Institute (Ufficio Centrale di Meteorologia), launched an initiative to study the distribution of the Earth's magnetic field over the Italian territory.
    Description: Published
    Description: 733
    Description: 1.6. Osservazioni di geomagnetismo
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: 5.3. Banche dati di geomagnetismo, aeronomia, clima e ambiente
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Earth's magnetic field ; Magnetic observatories ; Italy ; L'Aquila and Castello Tesino ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.06. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.03. Global and regional models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Antarctica is the most poorly understood region of our planet. It, however, maintains an important geologic record of the Gondwana and Rodinia evolution and therefore is a center of extensive scientific inquiry. Magnetic data provide a critical window for geological studies due to the nearly ubiquitous snow and ice cover of this forbidding region. Consequently, numerous magnetic surveys have been carried out for site-specific geologic objectives since the International Geophysical Year 1957/1958. Plans for an international project to process and combine these disparate data sets into a single magnetic anomaly map were formulated at the 1993 meeting of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Both IAGA and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) passed resolutions of encouragement (Johnson et al., 1996; Chiappini et al., 1999). At a 1995 workshop at the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, UK, it became clear that these individual magnetic surveys could indeed be combined into a regional synthesis to further enhance their utility for geological studies (Johnson et al., 1996, 1997; Chiappini et al., 1998, 1999). Accordingly, the Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project (ADMAP) was launched at this first workshop (ADMAP I) to compile and integrate into a digital database existing near-surface and satellite magnetic anomaly data of Antarctica and the surrounding oceans south of 60jS. An international working group of 32 scientists from eight countries that operate magnetic programs in the Antarctic was established. The working group adopted protocols for making existing and future magnetic data sets available to this international effort. In particular, existing Antarctic magnetic data holdings will be deposited in the world data centers by the end of this first phase of the project in 2002.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-2
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Antarctica ; Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project (ADMAP) ; Magnetic surveys ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The science of environment is per se multi- and inter-disciplinary. It is not possible to separate the role of the physical, chemical, biological, and anthropic factors, respectively. Research must therefore rely on suitable natural laboratories, where all different effects can be simultaneously monitored and investigated. Stromboli is a volcanic island slightly North of Sicily, within a tectonic setting characterised by a Benioff zone, curved like a Greek theatre, opened towards the Tyrrhenian Sea, with deep earthquakes. Moreover, it is a unique volcano in the world in that since at least ~ 3000 years ago, it has exploded very regularly, about every 15^20 min. Hence, it is possible to monitor statistically phenomena occurring prior, during, and after every explosion. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) has recently established a permanent Laboratory and an extensive interdisciplinary programme is being planned. A few main classes of items are to be considered including: (1) matter exchange (solid, liquid, gas, chemistry); (2) thermal and/or radiative coupling; (3) electromagnetic coupling; (4) deformation; (5) biospheric implications; and (6) anthropic relations since either the times of the Neolithic Revolution. Such an entire multidisciplinary perspective is discussed, being much beyond a mere volcanological concern. We present here the great heuristic potential of such a unique facility, much like a natural laboratory devoted to the investigation of the environment and climate.
    Description: Published
    Description: 429-442
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Stromboli ; natural laboratory ; environmental science ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We show the magnetic model of the Selli-Vavilov region. The Selli Line is known as the northwestern edge of the southern Tyrrhenian basin. The tectonic evolution of the Tyrrhenian basin is dominated by a Tortonian - Quaternary extension through the eastward movement of the Apennine subduction system. This migration has generated a diffuse stretching of the continental crust with the emplacement of new oceanic material. This latter occurred in several localized zones where the eastward retreating of the Ionian subduction system produced a strong depletion of the crust with formation of basins and correlated spreading. Nowadays the presence of oceanic crust is confirmed through direct drilling investigation but a complete mapping of the oceanic crustal distribution is still lacking. The Selli-Vavilov region shows a differentiated crustal setting where seamount structures, the oceanic basement portions and continental crust blocks are superimposed. To this aim, a 2D inversion of the magnetic data of this region was conducted to define buried structures. The magnetic susceptibility pattern was computed by solving the least squares problem of the misfit between the predicted and real data for separated wavebands. This method produced two 2D models of the high and low frequency fields of the Selli-Vavilov region. The two apparent susceptibility maps provide different information for distinct ranges of depth. The results of the inversions were also combined with seismic data of the Selli region highlighting the position of the highly-magnetized buried bodies. The results confirm a role for the Selli Line as a deep crustal boundary dividing the Sardinian passive domain from the easternmost active region where different oceanic structures are located. The Selli Line has worked as a detachment fault system which has moved eastward. Finally, the Selli-Vavilov region may be interpreted as a tectonic result due to a passive asymmetrical rift occurred between the Tortonian and Pliocene.
    Description: Published
    Description: 251-266
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Geomagnetism ; Tectonics ; Geodynamics ; Inversion ; Oceanic crust ; Volcanic structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © 2008 The Author. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License. The definitive version was published in Environmental Fluid Mechanics 8 (2008): 551-560, doi:10.1007/s10652-008-9076-5.
    Description: Experiments are reviewed in which a two-layer salt-stratified tank of water was mixed by turbulence. The density profile began as a single step and evolved to a smooth mixed profile. The turbulence was generated by many excursions of a horizontally moving vertical rod with Richardson number Ri 〉 0.9 and Reynolds Number Re 〉 600. There was almost perfect collapse of all the profiles to one universal profile as a function of a similarity variable. We develop a theoretical model for a simple mixing law with a buoyancy flux that is a function of internal Richardson number Rii. A similarity equation is found. A flux law that increases with small Rii and decreases with large Rii is considered next. Since no analytical solution is known, the similarity concept is tested by numerically integrating the equations in space and time. With buoyancy flux monotonically increasing with internal Richardson number, the similarity approach is valid for a profile starting from a slightly smoothed step. However, a shock forms for a mixing law with higher initial Rii (so that buoyancy flux decreases with Richardson number) and the similarity approach is invalid for those initial conditions.
    Keywords: Turbulence ; Mixing ; Stratified ; Similarity solution ; Layered fluid
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © 2008 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License. The definitive version was published in Environmental Fluid Mechanics 8 (2008): 495-509, doi:10.1007/s10652-008-9107-2.
    Description: Estuarine turbulence is notable in that both the dissipation rate and the buoyancy frequency extend to much higher values than in other natural environments. The high dissipation rates lead to a distinct inertial subrange in the velocity and scalar spectra, which can be exploited for quantifying the turbulence quantities. However, high buoyancy frequencies lead to small Ozmidov scales, which require high sampling rates and small spatial aperture to resolve the turbulent fluxes. A set of observations in a highly stratified estuary demonstrate the effectiveness of a vessel-mounted turbulence array for resolving turbulent processes, and for relating the turbulence to the forcing by the Reynolds-averaged flow. The observations focus on the ebb, when most of the buoyancy flux occurs. Three stages of mixing are observed: (1) intermittent and localized but intense shear instability during the early ebb; (2) continuous and relatively homogeneous shear-induced mixing during the mid-ebb, and weakly stratified, boundary-layer mixing during the late ebb. The mixing efficiency as quantified by the flux Richardson number Rf was frequently observed to be higher than the canonical value of 0.15 from Osborn (J Phys Oceanogr 10:83–89, 1980). The high efficiency may be linked to the temporal–spatial evolution of shear instabilities.
    Description: The funding for this research was obtained from ONR Grant N00014-06-1-0292 and NSF Grant OCE-0729547.
    Keywords: Turbulence ; Estuaries ; Shear instability ; Buoyancy flux
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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