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  • Aerodynamics
  • Ertrag
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Temperatur
  • 2000-2004  (102)
  • 1920-1924
  • 2003  (102)
  • 1
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    Empirisch-statistische Analyse von Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Klimasystem und Anthroposhäre in neoklimatologischer Zeit (2003)
    In:  Diss., Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Frankfurt.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Regressionsanalysen zu Beziehung Erträge und Klima, Auswertung langer Datenreihen, Beschreibung des antropogenen Anteils KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss der Witterung (Niederschlag und Temperatur) auf den Ertrag KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Tmit (Februar bis Oktober) +, dann Erträge (Ackerbohnen) -; Delta T (März bis Juli) +, dann Erträge (Ackerbohnen) -; Delta Niedmit (Februar bis Oktober) +, dann Erträge (Ackerbohnen) +; Delta Nied (Juni und August) +, dann Erträge (Ackerbohnen) +; Delta Nied (April) +, dann Erträge (Ackerbohnen) -; Delta Tmit (Februar bis Oktober) + und Delta Niedmit (Februar bis Oktober) +, dann Erträge -; Delta T (Juni) + und Delta Nied (Juni) +, dann Erträge -; Delta T (März bis Juni) +, dann Erträge (Spargel) +; Delta T (Mai, Juni) +, dann Erträge (Spargel) +; Delta Nied (Mai) +, dann Erträge (Spargel) -; Delta Tmit (Februar bis Juni) + und Delta Niedmit (Februar bis Juni) +, dann Erträge + Delta T (Mai) + und Delta Nied (Mai) +, dann Erträge +; weitere Informationen zu Sommergerste, Sommerweizen und Klee: siehe Artikel
    Keywords: Bayern, Baden-Württemberg, Rheinland-Pfalz, Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein ; 1950-1998 ; Ertrag ; Witterung
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY INKA BB
  • 2
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    Die Auswirkungen der Hitzewelle 2003 auf die Gesundheit. (2003)
    In:  In: Klimastatusbericht 2003, DWD, Offenbach, 152-162
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 2003 ; Umweltmedizin ; Temperatur
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY INKA BB
  • 3
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    Summer rainfall and wheat grain quality: Relationships with the North Atlantic Oscillation (2003)
    In:  Weater 58: 1-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen der Niederschlagshöhe und der Nord-Atlantischen Oszillationen und ihre Auswirkungen auf Weizenqualität KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Die Nord-Atlantische Oszillationen in einem um 6 Monate vorgezogenen Zeitfenster im Winter beeinflusst die Höhe der Niederschläge im darauffolgenden Sommer und damit die Weizenqualität, schwach signifikanter Zusammenhang für die trockensten und die feuchtesten Sommer für alle Regionen im Vereinten Königreich, aber auch für große Teile Westeuropas und Skandinaviens KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: England und Schottland ; 1985-2000 und 1977-2000 ; Ertrag ; Niederschlag ; Weizen
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY INKA BB
  • 4
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    Aircraft Drag Reduction-A Review (2003)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The paper summarizes the state of the art in aeronautical drag reduction across the speed range for the conventional drag components of viscous drag, drag due to lift and wave drag. It also describes several emerging drag-reduction approaches that are either active or reactive/interactive and the drag reduction potentially available from synergistic combinations of advanced configuration aerodynamics, viscous drag-reduction approaches, revolutionary structural concepts and propulsion integration.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs; Volume 217; Part G; 1-18
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Three-Dimensional Effects in Multi-Element High Lift Computations (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: In an effort to discover the causes for disagreement between previous two-dimensional (2-D) computations and nominally 2-D experiment for flow over the three-element McDonnell Douglas 30P-30N airfoil configuration at high lift, a combined experimental/CFD investigation is described. The experiment explores several different side-wall boundary layer control venting patterns, documents venting mass flow rates, and looks at corner surface flow patterns. The experimental angle of attack at maximum lift is found to be sensitive to the side-wall venting pattern: a particular pattern increases the angle of attack at maximum lift by at least 2 deg. A significant amount of spanwise pressure variation is present at angles of attack near maximum lift. A CFD study using three-dimensional (3-D) structured-grid computations, which includes the modeling of side-wall venting, is employed to investigate 3-D effects on the flow. Side-wall suction strength is found to affect the angle at which maximum lift is predicted. Maximum lift in the CFD is shown to be limited by the growth of an off-body corner flow vortex and consequent increase in spanwise pressure variation and decrease in circulation. The 3-D computations with and without wall venting predict similar trends to experiment at low angles of attack, but either stall too early or else overpredict lift levels near maximum lift by as much as 5%. Unstructured-grid computations demonstrate that mounting brackets lower the lift levels near maximum lift conditions.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Computers and Fluids (ISSN 0045-7930); Volume 32; 631-657
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Development of a Prediction Scheme for High Aspect-Ratio Jet Noise (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: Circulation control wings are a type of pneumatic high-lift device that have been extensively researched as to their aerodynamic benefits. However, there has been little research into the possible airframe noise reduction benefits of a circulation control wing. The key element of noise is the jet noise associated with the jet sheet emitted from the blowing slot. This jet sheet is essentially a high aspect-ratio rectangular jet. A recent study on high aspect-ratio jet noise was performed on a nozzle with aspect-ratios ranging from 100 to 3,000. In addition to the acoustic data, fluid dynamic measurements were made as well. This paper uses the results of these two studies and attempts to develop a prediction scheme for high aspect-ratio jet noise
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Application of Circulation Control Technology to Airframe Noise Reduction; E-1 - E-16; GTRl-A5928/2003-1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Numerical Simulations of the Steady and Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Circulation Control Wing Airfoil (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The aerodynamic characteristics of a Circulation Control Wing (CCW) airfoil have been numerically investigated, and comparisons with experimental data have been made. The configuration chosen was a supercritical airfoil with a 30 degree dual-radius CCW flap. Steady and pulsed jet calculations were performed. It was found that the use of steady jets, even at very small mass flow rates, yielded a lift coefficient that is comparable or superior to conventional high-lift systems. The attached flow over the flap also gave rise to lower drag coefficients, and high L/D ratios. Pulsed jets with a 50% duty cycle were also studied. It was found that they were effective in generating lift at lower reduced mass flow rates compared to a steady jet, provided the pulse frequency was sufficiently high. This benefit was attributable to the fact that the momentum coefficient of the pulsed jet, during the portions of the cycle when the jet was on, was typically twice as much as that of a steady jet.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Application of Circulation Control Technology to Airframe Noise Reduction; B-1 - B-12; GTRl-A5928/2003-1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Effect of Pulsed Blowing on Farfield Noise (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: This portion of the report documents the results of an experimental program, which focused on pulsed blowing from the trailing edge of a CCW. The main objective of this study was to assess whether pulsed blowing resulted in more, less, or the same amount of radiated noise to the farfield. Results show that a reduction in far-field noise of up to 5 dB is measured when pulse flow is compared to steady flow for an equivalent lift configuration. This reduction is in the spectral region associated with the trailing edge jet noise. This result is due to the unique advantage that pulsed flow has over steady flow. For a range of frequencies, more lift is experienced with the same mass flow as the steady case. Thus, for an equivalent lift and slot height, the pulsed system can operate at lower jet velocities, and hence lower jet noise. At low frequencies (below 1 kHz), the pulsed flow configuration generated more noise in the farfield. This is most likely due to the pulsing mechanism itself. Since the high pressure air feeding the pulsing mechanism was first passed through a high performance muffler, it is likely that this increase in not due to upstream valve noise. Most likely, the impulsive component of the air that periodically fills the plenum causes a broadband source that reaches the farfield. Although the benefit of a pulse trailing edge jet is evident from a mass flow usage and jet noise perspective, attention should be paid towards the design of a viable pulsing system. Future research program in this area should concentrate on the development of a "quiet" pulsing device.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Application of Circulation Control Technology to Airframe Noise Reduction; G-i - G-18; GTRl-A5928/2003-1
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Fluid Dynamics of a High Aspect-Ratio Jet (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: Circulation control wings are a type of pneumatic high-lift device that have been extensively researched as to their aerodynamic benefits. However, there has been little research into the possible airframe noise reduction benefits of a circulation control wing. The key element of noise is the jet noise associated with the jet sheet emitted from the blowing slot. High aspect-ratio jet acoustic results (aspect-ratios from 100 to 3,000) from a related study showed that the jet noise of this type of jet was proportional to the slot height to the 3/2 power and slot width to the 1/2 power. Fluid dynamic experiments were performed in the present study on the high aspect-ratio nozzle to gain understanding of the flow characteristics in an effort to relate the acoustic results to flow parameters. Single hot-wire experiments indicated that the jet exhaust from the high aspect-ratio nozzle was similar to a 2-d turbulent jet. Two-wire space-correlation measurements were performed to attempt to find a relationship between the slot height of the jet and the length-scale of the flow noise generating turbulence structure. The turbulent eddy convection velocity was also calculated, and was found to vary with the local centerline velocity, and also as a function of the frequency of the eddy.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Application of Circulation Control Technology to Airframe Noise Reduction; D-1 - D-16; GTRl-A5928/2003-1
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Flap-Edge Blowing Experiments (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: This Appendix documents the salient results from an effort to mitigate the so-called flap-edge noise generated at the split between a flap edge that is deployed and the undeployed flap. Utilizing a Coanda surface installed at the flap edge, steady blowing was used in an attempt to diminish the vortex strength resulting from the uneven lift distribution. The strength of this lifting vortex was augmented by steady blowing over the deployed flap. The test article for this study was the same 2D airfoil used in the steady blowing program reported earlier (also used in pulsed blowing tests, see Appendix G), however its trailing edge geometry was modified. An exact duplicate of the airfoil shape was made out of fiberglass with no flap, and in the clean configuration. It was attached to the existing airfoil to make an airfoil that has half of its flap deployed and half un-deployed. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the planform showing the two areas where steady blowing was introduced. The flap-edge blowing or the auxiliary blowing was in the direction normal to the freestream velocity vector. Slot heights for the blowing chambers were on the order of 0.0 14 inches.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: Application of Circulation Control Technology to Airframe Noise Reduction; H-1 - H-10; GTRI-A5928/2003-1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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