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  • Articles  (18)
  • stress  (18)
  • Springer  (18)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Oxford University Press
  • Wiley
  • 1995-1999  (18)
  • 1999  (18)
  • Medicine  (18)
  • Physics
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 196 (1999), S. 117-123 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: stress ; resistance ; protection ; stress gene superfamily ; protein A ; lipopolysaccharide ; heat shock protein ; calorie restriction ; metabolic stress ; carcinogenic stress ; chemical stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Stress genes can be ascribed to have been generated by the organism for their intrinsic urge to survive against the changing environmental odds, during the evolutionary process. This concept has been supported by a large number of reports describing individual types of phenomena. These have been reconciled and globalised in terms of their relevance in this article. Supporting evidences have been drawn from the literature which indicated that by using different types of inducer one can express heat shock proteins. Similarly, several types of stress inducers, such as calorie restriction, LPS stimulation and Staphylococcal Protein-A stimulation, it was possible to induce a wide array of biological, biochemical and immunological reactions. Such biological reactions rendered protection against toxic, carcinogenic, metabolic, as well as biological stresses induced by microorganisms. Heat shock proteins have been implicated as having a role in providing resistance to the host against different types of stressors. In this article, some mechanistic schemes have been proposed as possible pathways globalising such phenomena. A minute amount of stress inducers has been observed to have helped expression of stress resistance genes, providing increased capability to the host to protect itself against myriads of both biotic and abiotic stressors. More understanding about such phenomena would help in keeping our physiological systems vigilant and our bodies healthy, fighting out the stress-related events effectively.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: transcription regulation ; sleep ; circadian ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression was studied in a seasonal hibernator, the diurnal ground squirrel, Spermophilus lateralis. RNA transcripts of 2.7 and 2.9 kb hybridizing to an HSP70 cDNA were expressed in both brain and peripheral tissues of pre-hibernation euthermic animals; higher levels of expression were observed during the day than during nighttime samples. A decline in the expression of both transcripts occurred in all tissues examined during hibernation that remained low throughout the hibernation season, including the interbout euthermic periods and regardless of time of day. Quantitative comparisons showed pre-hibernation nighttime HSP70 expression to be as low as that observed during hibernation, despite the drastic increase in metabolic state and nearly 30°C difference in body temperature. In contrast to HSP70, some mRNAs, such as β-actin and HSP60, remained relatively constant, while others, such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, increased in specific tissues during the hibernation season. These results indicate that the expression of a highly conserved gene involved in protection from cellular stress, HSP70, can vary with an animal's arousal state.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 29 (1999), S. 45-51 
    ISSN: 1573-899X
    Keywords: Brain ; rats ; stress ; peptides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report describes studies of delta-sleep-inducing peptide in the mechanism of compensating emotional behavior following disruption of a number of structures of the limbic complex (the septum and amygdala). Studies were performed in male Wistar rats. Peptide was given i.p. at a dose of 60 nmol/kg. The individual/typological characteristics of the rats' behavior and their resistance to stress was predicted using an open field test. Emotional stress was modeled by immobilizing the animals and applying electric shocks to the skin. Stress was assessed in terms of survival, adrenal hypertrophy, and thymic involution in stress conditions. Bilateral lesioning to brain structures was carried out by anodic polarization. The results obtained showed that the septum and amygdala play a significant role in the mechanisms of resistance to emotional stress. Bilateral disruption of these structures significantly decreased the animals' resistance to emotional stress, producing alterations in behavior in the open field test, increasing the lethality of acute emotional stress, and inducing changes in stress marker organs (the adrenals and thymus) in stress conditions, as compared to controls. Administration of peptide to animals with lesions to the septum or amygdala increased their resistance to emotional stress, as indicated by open field test behavior, survival, and adrenal and thymus weight in stress conditions. Thus, doses of delta-sleep-inducing peptide partially reverse reductions in stress resistance in animals with lesions to structures of the limbic complex.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 254-255 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: taurine ; stress ; electric stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intravenous infusion of taurine prevents a decrease in cardiac pump function caused by electric stimulation of the aortic arch and promotes recovery of systemic blood flow and total peripheral resistance.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: anxiety ; substance P ; diazepam-binding inhibitor ; neuropeptide Y ; stress ; inbred rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The content of substance P in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and midbrain of WAG/G rats surpassed these in Fischer-344 rats. After a 15-min stay in a shuttle box, the level of substance P in the hypothalamus and especially in the hippocampus decreased only in WAG/G rats. The content of diazepam-binding inhibitor in the hippocampus and midbrain of WAG/G rats was higher than in Ficher-344 rats. Stress increased the content of diazepam-binding inhibitor only in Fischer-344 rats. Midbrain content of neuropeptide Y in intact and stressed WAG/G rats was significantly lower than in Fischer-344 rats. There were no interstrain differences in the initial hypothalamic levels of neuropeptide Y between WAG/G and Fischer-344 rats. However, 15-min stress in the shuttle box increased hypothalamic content of neuropeptide Y only in Fischer-344 rats. Thus, high-anxiety rats are characterized by a low density of benzodiazepine receptors, decreased levels of substance P and diazepam-binding inhibitor, and high brain content of neuropeptide Y.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 128 (1999), S. 933-935 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: δ-sleep-inducing peptide ; stress ; erythrocytes ; membranes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract δ-Sleep-inducing peptide (1 μg/ml) added to erythrocyte suspension from intact rats enhanced quenching of membrane tryptophanyl fluorescence with pyrene and increased the microviscosity of zones of protein-lipid contacts. Microviscosity and polarity of membrane lipid phase remained unchanged. Exogenous δ-sleep-inducing peptide increased the negative surface charge of the erythrocyte membrane. During cold stress, the efficiency of tryptophane fluorescence quenching with pyrene decreased and microviscosity of protein-lipid contacts decreased, while microviscosity of lipid layer of the erythrocyte membranes did not change; polarity of deep membrane layers and negative surface charge increased. δ-Sleep-inducing peptide normalized the efficiency tryptophane fluorescence quenching with pyrene and membrane microviscosity, polarity, and surface charge.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: Ca2+ transport ; α-crystallin ; adaptation ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract α-Crystallin, an endogenous low-molecular-weight protein with chaperone activity, exerted protective effects on membrane systems of Ca2+ transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscles. Protective action of α-crystallin depended on the body state. This effect was not observed in the control and after adaptation to stress, while after stress, especially against the background of adaptation, α-crystallin increased the rate of Ca2+ transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum and thermal resistance of Ca2+ pump. The mechanisms of α-crystallin activation during stress are discussed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 236-239 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: cold ; stress ; corticosterone ; lipid peroxidation ; tocopherol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationships between serum corticosterone content, intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the concentration of tocopherol in tissues, and the transmembrane potential in thymocytes were studied in rats exposed to two consecutive coolings. Both exposures increased serum corticosterone. The first exposure activated LPO in the serum, while the second stimulated LPO in thymocytes. The second cooling lowered body temperature to a lesser extent than the first one. Body temperature did not depend on the content of LPO products or corticosterone, but negatively correlated with the content of tocopherol in the brain hemispheres and adrenal glands. The rats exhibiting high-level thermoregulation after the first exposure to cold showed a higher thymocyte transmembrane potential after the second cooling. The second exposure potentiated the negative relationship between the brain and serum content of corticosterone and LPO products, which indicates that the content of LPO products cannot be used as an index of stress intensity.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 120-122 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: stress ; skin ; glycosaminoglycans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Here we studied the effects of water-immersion emotional stress on the components of several skin biopolymers in rats. The resistance of animals to stress was determined in preliminary experiments. This model of stress induced similar effects on the studied components in stress-resistant and stress-predisposed rats.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: sialoadhesin ; hemopoietic islets ; granulocyte-macrophagic precursors ; bone marrow ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In leukemia-prone AKR mice, adaptation to 10-h immobilization stress increases the content of sialoadhesin-positive macrophages to the level of intact (CBA×AKR)F1 hybrids. Hybrid mice responds to stress by a slight reduction of this parameter. The contents of granulocytic hemopoietic islets and committed granulomonocyte precursors in the bone marrow after stress undergo opposite changes. Unlike hybrids, granulocytopoiesis in AKR mice is not activated by stress.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 128 (1999), S. 794-796 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: stress ; adaptation ; behavioral and somatic indices ; rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We developed a model of stress (free swimming in a cage) which allows to assess the immediate and long-term effects of emotional stress. This stress induced typical changes in the open field test and ulceration of gastric mucosa. Unlike standard immobilization stress the proposed technique excludes a traumatic factor, it is well reproducible and simple.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: August and Wistar Rats ; stress ; ulcer formation ; adaptation ; behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The incidence of gastric ulceration induced by acute emotional stress in Wistar rats is 3 times higher than in August rats, and the mean number of gastric ulcers in Wistar rats 6.3-fold surpassed that in August rats. Wistar rats predisposed to stress-induced ulceration displayed suppressed locomotor and exploratory activities in the open field test, while August rats had more stable behavioral patterns and enhanced exploratory activity after stress. Short-term preadaptation to hypobaric hypoxia for 6 days attenuated stress-induced gastric ulceration, whereas long-term adaptation (40 days) aggravated the severity of gastric ulcers in August and Wistar rats. The interstrain differences in stress-induced ulceration persisted after adaptation. The data suggest that these differences are related to genetically determined peculiarities of production and metabolism of NO and glucocorticoids in August and Wistar rats.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: stress ; skin ; lipids ; melatonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the skin lipid composition induced by water-immersion stress in rats treated and untreated with melatonin were studied by thin-layer chromatography. Skin lipids showed a delayed reaction to stress. Melatonin exerted a protective effect which was manifested on the 2nd day after treatment in restoration of the level of total lipids and the absolute content of the majority of lipid fractions. The data suggest modification of, the metabolic relationships between skin lipids as well as lipids of the blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 477-479 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: physical exercise ; stress ; kinin system ; elastase ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In rats, adaptation to strenuous exercise was accompanied by phasic changes in the activities of the kallikrein-kinin system, elastase-like proteinases, and proteinase inhibitors, and total antioxidant activity in the serum, myocardium, liver, and cerebral cortex. After 30-min physical exercises, activity of the kallikrein-kinin system decreased in the serum and increased in tissue with parallel activation of elastase-like proteinases in the myocardium and cerebral cortex. After 3-h exercises the activity of the kallikrein-kinin system showed some indications of exhaustion, especially in the myocardium and cerebral cortex. Activities of elastase-like proteinases tended to normal due to activation of α1-proteinase inhibitor and normalization of total antioxidant activity.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: heredity ; stress ; hypertension ; kidneys ; juxtaglomerular apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Structure of juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney in NISAG rats and morphometric parameters of renin-producing juxtaglomerular, cells of afferent arterioles attest to its activation.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: Ca transport ; cytoplasm ; stress ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acute stress reduces and adaptation to stress enhances thermal resistance of Ca2+ pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum fraction. Soluble cytoplasmic factors increase the rate of Ca2+ transport into myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum and its thermal resistance in the stressed, stress-adapted, and control rats, the activating effect being most pronounced during acute stress. Structural and functional mechanisms underlying the protective effect of soluble cytoplasmic factors on membrane-bound enzymes are discussed.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 155-157 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: lymph node ; stress ; catecholamines ; serotonin ; histamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Luminescence analysis and histochemical methods have shown that stress affects various structures of rat immunocompetent organs and decreases the contents of catecholamines, serotonin and histamine in central and peripheral immune organs. The content of biogenic amines in thymic structures increased 10, 20, and 30 days after the administration of the immunostimulator polystim against the background of stress. The results obtained indicate that polystim displays stress-protective activity and can be used in clinical practice.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 128 (1999), S. 1094-1096 
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility ; erythrocyte volume ; rats ; stress ; correlation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract At rest, rat erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility varied independently on cell volume. Emotional and physical stress gave rise to a short-lived moderate negative correlation between erythrocyte volume and the coefficient of asymmetry of electrophoretic mobility distribution, probably originating from accompanying metabolic and systemic influences.
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