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  • Articles  (6)
  • nickel  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1950-1954
  • 1999  (6)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (6)
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  • Articles  (6)
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Keywords
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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1950-1954
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ni–Zn–P alloy deposition from sulfate bath: inhibitory effect of zinc (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 1171-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloys ; cyclic voltammetry ; electrodeposition ; electroless deposition ; nickel ; phosphorus ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electroless Ni–Zn–P alloy deposition from a sulphate bath, containing sodium hypophosphite as reducer, was investigated. To increase the plating rate, the deposition parameters were optimized. The effect of process parameters (T, pH and [Zn2+]) on the plating rate and deposit composition was examined and it was found that the presence of zinc in the bath has an inhibitory effect on the alloy deposition. As a consequence, the percentage of zinc in the electroless Ni–Zn–P alloys never reaches high values. Using cyclic voltammetry the electrodeposition mechanism of Ni–Zn–P alloys was investigated. It was observed that the zinc deposition inhibits the nickel discharge and, as a consequence, its catalytic activity on hypophosphite oxidation. It was also found that increase in temperature or pH leads to the deposition of nickel rich alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003426904395
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel electrowinning using a Pt catalysed hydrogen-diffusion anode. Part II: Batch tank with a sulphate bath (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 1211-1216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: batch tank ; electrowinning ; hydrogen-diffusion anode ; nickel ; sulphate bath
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A batch tank of 1.6L capacity has been designed for Ni electrowinning using a Pt catalysed H2-diffusion anode and a stainless steel/Ni cathode, both of 100cm2 area. The anode has high stability for sulphate baths of pH3.5 with 35 gL−1 H3BO3 and Ni2+ concentrations from 10gL−1 up to saturation. Linear correlations between the cell voltage and current intensity are found, as expected for ohmic control of the process. Good electrowinning conditions at room temperature are obtained for Ni2+ contents from 50 gL−1, using an interelectrode gap of 2cm and regulating the solution pH by NaOH addition for periods of 30min. Current efficiencies ≥93% are always found. The energy costs increase linearly with increasing current density from 10 to 50 mAcm−2, with values much lower than those obtained using a conventional lead anode. This indicates that the Pt catalysed H_2-diffusion anode is preferable for Ni electrowinning. The crystals are composed of high-purity Ni and have a face-centred cubic structure. Surface analysis by SEM shows that the grain size gradually increases with increasing current density, with no significant influence of the Ni2+ concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003794605626
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructural characterization and corrosion resistance of Ni–Zn–P alloys electrolessly deposited from a sulphate bath (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 637-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloys ; electroless ; microstructure ; morphology ; nickel ; phosphorus ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electroless Ni–Zn–P alloy coatings were obtained on an iron substrate from a sulfate bath at various pH values. The effects of changes in bath pH on alloy composition, morphology, microstructure and corrosion resistance were studied. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to observe the morphological change of the deposits with bath pH. Coating crystallinity was investigated by grazing incidence asymmetric Bragg X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. A transition from an amorphous to polycrystalline structure was observed on increasing the bath alkalinity, and thus decreasing the phosphorus content of the alloys. A single crystalline phase corresponding to face-centred-cubic nickel was identified in the alloys obtained from a strong alkaline solution. An increase in zinc percentage up to 23% in the deposits does not change the f.c.c. nickel crystalline structure. Corrosion potential and polarization resistance measurements indicated that the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni–Zn–P alloys depends strongly on the microstructure and chemical composition. The deposits obtained at pH 9.0–9.5 and with 11.4–12.5% zinc and 11.8–11.2% phosphorous exhibited the best corrosion resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026441403282
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of chloride concentration range on the corrosion resistance of Cu–xNi alloys (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 393-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: copper ; cu–xNi alloys ; EDS ; localized pitting attack ; nickel ; SEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The anodic behaviour of Cu–xNi alloys and Cu and Ni metals was studied in slightly alkaline solutions containing Cl−-ions in the concentration range from 0.01 to 2.0moldm−3. The morphology and composition of the surface films formed by anodic polarization were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). On the basis of quasi-potentiodynamic polarization data, Ec against cNaCl diagrams were constructed, where Ec is the critical pitting potential. These diagrams allow the determination of areas where the materials are susceptible to localized pitting attack. A critical chloride concentration (ccrit) exists below which the resistance to localized corrosion increases with decreasing nickel content and above which it increases with increasing nickel content. This effect is connected with the change in the corrosion resistance observed for the pure metal constituents, i.e., copper and nickel as a function of chloride concentration. The kinetic parameters of pitting corrosion of Cu–xNi alloys reflect the specific properties of both elements and suggest that an increase in Ni content above 40% would not have a significant effect on the corrosion resistance of Cu–xNi alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003426701670
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of Co + Ni alloys on modified silicon substrates (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 803-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: alloys ; anomalous deposition ; cobalt ; electrodeposition ; nickel ; silicon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Cobalt+nickel alloys were electrodeposited on different base-silicon substrates since these alloys are interesting for several magnetic device applications. Acid chloride baths were used to obtain magnetic cobalt+nickel layers directly over silicon surfaces, tantalum silicide or metallic seed-layers. Although the initial stages of nucleation were influenced by the kind of substrate, in all substrates nucleation and three-dimensional growth evolving to compact, fine-grained and homogeneous deposition, took place. Preferential deposition of cobalt and anomalous codeposition occurred. Different compositions of the alloy were obtained, as is normal with a solid–solution formation. The cobalt content in the deposit rose with increase in both cobalt(ii) and saccharin concentrations and fell with decrease in the applied potential or current density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003580302490
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel electrowinning using a Pt catalysed hydrogen-diffusion anode. Part I: Effect of chloride and sulfate ions and a magnetic field (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 1367-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: electrowinning ; hydrogen-diffusion anode ; magnetic field ; medium effect ; nickel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The use of a Pt catalysed H2-diffusion anode for Ni electrowinning has been studied from typical chloride, Watts and sulfate baths at 25 °C. Higher anodic current densities are found in a three-electrode cell when sulfate ions are gradually replaced by chloride ions. Adherent Ni deposits are obtained from the Watts and sulfate media, whereas in the chloride bath, Cl2 is released at the anode and less adherent deposits are formed. Current efficiencies between 94 and 98 for anodic current densities ranging from 15 to 65 mA cm-2 have been found. The energy costs for Ni electrowinning decrease with increasing chloride content in the bath, and their values are always much lower than those reported using conventional DSA, graphite or lead anodes. All deposits are composed of high-purity Ni, free of heavy metals and other impurities. The crystals have a face-centred cubic structure with a preferential orientation which mainly depends on the medium and current density. A superimposed magnetic field of 0.9 T orientated either parallel or perpendicular to electrodes in a two-electrode cell exerts only a small effect on the crystallographic orientation of Ni, although it has a certain influence on its morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003852924383
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