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  • Earth Resources and Remote Sensing  (234)
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999  (234)
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1999  (234)
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  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999  (234)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2011-09-13
    Description: This report describes the transitional activities of the JPL Analysis Center.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry: 1999 Annual Report; 215-216; NASA/TP-1999-209243
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Early observations with ERS-1 SAR image data revealed a large ice stream in North East Greenland (Fahnestock 1993). The ice stream has a number of the characteristics of the more closely studied ice streams in Antarctica, including its large size and gross geometry. The onset of rapid flow close to the ice divide and the evolution of its flow pattern, however, make this ice stream unique. These features can be seen in the balance velocities for the ice stream (Joughin 1997) and its outlets. The ice stream is identifiable for more than 700 km, making it much longer than any other flow feature in Greenland. Our research goals are to gain a greater understanding of the ice flow in the northeast Greenland ice stream and its outlet glaciers in order to assess their impact on the past, present, and future mass balance of the ice sheet. We will accomplish these goals using a combination of remotely sensed data and ice sheet models. We are using satellite radar interferometry data to produce a complete maps of velocity and topography over the entire ice stream. We are in the process of developing methods to use these data in conjunction with existing ice sheet models similar to those that have been used to improve understanding of the mechanics of flow in Antarctic ice streams.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA); 16-19; NASA/TM-1999-209205
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This research is focusing on two related areas that are fundamental to the NASA PARCA (Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment) program. The primary research area is the determination of the amount, rate, and timing of accumulation at distributed sites in the dry snow zone of Greenland and evaluation of these results in light of accumulation modeling results. The secondary research area is the calibration of the isotope "thermometer" at these ice sheet sites as well as the determination of long-term temperature trends in Greenland.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA); 60-62; NASA/TM-1999-209205
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  • 4
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This report summarizes the current and future plans of the Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS) with respect to the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). Included are background information about the CDDIS, the computer architecture, staffing supporting the system, archive contents, and future plans for the CDDIS within the IVS.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry: 1999 Annual Report; 173-176; NASA/TP-1999-209243
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This year repeat elevation surveys in the southern half of Greenland were made using the Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM). The intent of these surveys is to compare present elevations to those measured in 1993 and determine the magnitude and spatial distributions of thickening and thinning rates. In order to effectively interpret any observed changes, it is important to understand the processes that affect these changes. Moreover, because the surveys are made over a brief period (2-4 weeks) during the spring or summer, it is also important to understand the effects of seasonal and interannual elevation variability, in relation to the timing of these surveys. Toward that end we are examining data from weather stations along the coast of Greenland along with data from GC-Net automatic weather stations (AWS's) on the ice sheet. The objectives are to assess: a) the importance of the timing of the flights in relation to natural processes that affect surface heights, namely accumulation and melt, and b) the temperature characteristics of the region in the five years that separated the two sets of surveys (1993-1998), in relation to the past 19 years.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA); 71-73; NASA/TM-1999-209205
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  • 6
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This report gives an overall view of the CORE program at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). It summarizes the different CORE sessions and gives information about the technical staff. The outlook summarizes the evolution of the different CORE programs.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry: 1999 Annual Report; 143-146; NASA/TP-1999-209243
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Airborne laser-altimeter flight lines from 1993 over southern parts of the ice sheet were resurveyed with almost complete repeat coverage. In 1993 and 1994, NASA surveyed the entire Greenland ice sheet by airborne laser altimeter, obtaining surface-elevation profiles with root mean square (rms) accuracies of 10 cm or better (Krabill 1995) along flight lines that crossed all the major catchment basins. In 1998, the ten flight lines flown in 1993 in the south of Greenland were resurveyed with about 99% repeat coverage; flight lines in the north will be resurveyed in 1999. Additional flights in 1998 were over glaciers, identified by E. Rignot, where existing SAR data give information on ice motion.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA); 22-24; NASA/TM-1999-209205
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2009-04-30
    Description: Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GeoSAR) is a consortium project consisting of The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Calgis (a small GIS company based in Fresno, CA) and the California Department of Conservation with funding provided by Defense Research Projects Agency (DARPA) started in November 1996. The two main objectives of the GeoSAR Program are: 1) To develop a state of the art dual frequency interferometric radar mapping instrument capable of mapping the true ground surface height beneath the vegetation canopy; and 2) To transition this mapping technology to a commercial company, Calgis. JPL, the technical lead, has the following program deliverables at program completion in November 1999 include radar design and radar hardware for X-band (3 cm) and P-band (83 cm) radars, processor software, hardware and documentation, and calibrated X-band radar.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-23
    Description: Data in the wavelength range 0.545 - 1.652 microns from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), to be launched aboard the Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra in the fall of 1999, will be used to map daily global snow cover at 500m resolution. However, during darkness, or when the satellite's view of the surface is obscured by cloud, snow cover cannot be mapped using MODIS data. We show that during these conditions, it is possible to supplement the MODIS product by mapping the snow cover using passive microwave data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I), albeit with much poorer resolution. For a 7-day time period in March 1999, a prototype MODIS snow-cover product was compared with a prototype MODIS-SSM/I product for the same area in the mid-western United States. The combined MODIS-SSM/I product mapped 9% more snow cover than the MODIS-only product.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-08-23
    Description: The Laser Vegetation Imaging Sensor (LVIS) is an airborne, scanning laser altimeter designed and developed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. LVIS operates at altitudes up to 10 km above ground, and is capable of producing a data swath up to 1000 m wide nominally with 25 m wide footprints. The entire time history of the outgoing and return pulses is digitized, allowing unambiguous determination of range and return pulse structure. Combined with aircraft position and attitude knowledge, this instrument produces topographic maps with decimeter accuracy and vertical height and structure measurements of vegetation. The laser transmitter is a diode-pumped Nd:YAG oscillator producing 1064 nm, 10 nsec, 5 mJ pulses at repetition rates up to 500 Hz. LVIS has recently demonstrated its ability to determine topography (including sub-canopy) and vegetation height and structure on flight missions to various forested regions in the U.S. and Central America. The LVIS system is the airborne simulator for the Vegetation Canopy Lidar (VCL) mission (a NASA Earth remote sensing satellite due for launch in 2000), providing simulated data sets and a platform for instrument proof-of-concept studies. The topography maps and return waveforms produced by LVIS provide Earth scientists with a unique data set allowing studies of topography, hydrology, and vegetation with unmatched accuracy and coverage.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
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