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  • Articles  (17)
  • baculovirus  (11)
  • Aspergillus niger  (6)
  • Springer  (17)
  • American Chemical Society
  • 1995-1999  (17)
  • 1996  (17)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (17)
Collection
  • Articles  (17)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1995-1999  (17)
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of citric acid production byAspergillus niger immobilized in gels and cryogels of polyacrylamide (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 351-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: citric acid ; Aspergillus niger ; immobilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Aspergillus niger was immobilized in cryogels and in conventional gels of polyacrylamide. The growth of cells entrapped in two kinds of gels and the production of citric acid by the immobilized cells were investigated and compared. Cells immobilized in cryogels were more suitable for citric acid production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570114
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Medium design for insect cell culture (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 57-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: insect cell culture ; culture medium ; serum-free ; baculovirus ; protein hydrolysate ; recombinant protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350389
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passage effect of virus infection in insect cells (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 125-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; genomic alteration ; passage ; bioreactors ; viral persistence ; viral fitness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350393
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling baculovirus infection of insect cells in culture (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 209-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; insect cells ; mathematical model ; population balance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions Infection of insect cells with baculovirus is a potentially attractive means for producing both viral insecticides and recombinant proteins. The continuation of mathematical modelling studies such as those reviewed in this paper are essential in order to realise the full potential of the system. Through mathematical models it is possible to predict complex behaviours such as those observed when infecting cells at low MOI or when propagating virus in a continuous culture system. A purely empirical analysis of the same phenomena is very difficult if not impossible. The present three models are — despite their complexity and the effort that has gone into developing them — all first generation models. They summarise, to a large extent, our present quantitative understanding of the interaction between baculovirus and insect cells, when looked upon as a black box system. The binding and initial infection processes are still quantitatively poorly understood and further work in this area is much needed. On the longer term, a second generation of models is likely to consider interior processes such as viral DNA and RNA accumulation in much more detail using a structured model of the infection cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350401
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economics of baculovirus—insect cell production systems (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; insect cell culture ; economics ; production ; scale-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions Commercial production of pharmaceutical proteins in baculovirus — insect cell systems is already a reality, and has therefore not been discussed in detail here. Cost-efficacy will depend on the productivity of the protein in culture, the dose, and the quantities required. According to the model described here, cost-effective production of baculoviruses for use in agriculture should also be feasible, assuming the commercial availability of a low-cost medium, together with a baculovirus with high productivity in cell culture, which is effective at a field application rate of 1012 PIB ha-1 or lower. All of these criteria appear to be achievable, given fairly modest advances over currently available technology. Given the relatively high fixed costs associated with production of baculoviruses on an agricultural scale in bioreactors however, profitability will depend on the scale of production. A substantial market opportunity (perhaps in the order of 1 million hectares) would be necessary in order to exploit the economies of scale achievable with baculovirus —insect cell production systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lipids on insect cell growth and expression of recombinant proteins in serum-free medium (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; β-galactosidase ; insect cells ; lipids ; serum-free medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The lipid emulsion components of a serum-free insect cell medium were varied and evaluated for effects on cell growth and recombinant protein expression. The growth of High-FiveTM cells was significantly affected by polyol Pluronic F-68 and Tween-80, but not by lipids. Pluronic was essential for cell growth, while Tween-80 was required to achieve maximum cell densities. A dose response effect was observed for Tween-80 with optimal cell growth at a concentration of 25 mg/l. Cholesterol had a minor effect on cell growth, but was essential for the expression of recombinant proteins. The expression of β-galactosidase (β-gal) was directly affected by cholesterol with optimal expression at a concentration of 5.4 mg/l. Vitamin E, important as an antioxidant to stabilize lipids, did not directly affect recombinant protein expression. Although lipids were not required for cell growth, the presence of lipids were required during the cell growth phase in order to achieve efficient infection with baculovirus. These studies help to define the important components, and range of concentrations, for lipid emulsions which can effectively replace serum in insect cell culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353941
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro production studies with a wild-type Helicoverpa baculovirus (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; biopesticide ; Helicoverpa ; insect cell culture ; nuclear polyhedrosis virus ; polyhedra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The potential use of a wild-type Helicoverpa baculovirus as a biopesticide, using insect cell culture for its production, has been investigated. A Helicoverpa zea cell line was adapted to grow in suspension culture using a serum-free medium, SF900II and serum supplemented SF900II. The serum supplemented cells were infected with a wild-type nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Helicoverpa armigera (HaNPV), at different stages of growth, in conditioned and tresh medium, to determine the effect of cell density on polyhedra production. Cultures infected at low cell densities, produced similar yields of virus (20–40 PIB/cell), irrespective of medium conditions. However, in infections which occurred at high cell densities, there was a 16-fold improvement in cell specific yields, when the spent medium was renewed with fresh medium prior to infection. Results indicated that only 60–70% of the viable cells in a culture produced polyhedra as a result of infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353942
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolved carbon dioxide accumulation in a large scale and high density production of TGFβ receptor with baculovirus infected Sf-9 cells (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 53-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; bioreactor retrofitting ; carbon dioxide ; high density ; insect cell ; large scale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Production of a TGFβ receptor with high density baculovirus infected Sf-9 cells (7×106cells ml-1) served as a test run for a retrofitted 150 L microbial fermentor. The entire 110 L batch run was performed in serum free medium, with an addition of a concentrated amino acid and yeastolate mixture at the time of infection. This addition strategy has been proven effective at a small scale by enabling cultures to maintain maximum product yield. In the bioreactor however, while cellular growth was comparable to that of the smaller scale control, TGFβ receptor production was three fold below the control. To minimize the mechanical stress, low flow rate of pure oxygen was used to control the dissolved oxygen at 40%. As a consequence, it seems that this aeration strategy involved an accumulation of dissolved carbon dioxide that in turn inhibited the protein production. A model has been developed that estimated the CO2 partial pressure in the culture to be in the vicinity of 0.15 atm. The effect of dissolved CO2 at this concentration has been assessed at smaller scale for TGFβ receptor and β-gal expression, in controlled atmosphere incubators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353924
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity and thermostability of carboxymethylcellulase from Aspergillus niger is strongly influenced by noncovalently attached polysaccharides (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Activity ; Aspergillus niger ; CMCase ; polysaccharides ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Removal of non-covalently attached polysaccharides from carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) of Aspergillus niger improved its activity but decreased its thermostability and protease resistance. The activation energy profile of the hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was triphasic with increasing values of 17,-55 and-562 kJ/mol for polysaccharide-free and 19, -21 and -207 kJ/mol for polysaccharide-complexed CMCase. The specificity constant (Vmax/Km) of polysaccharide-free CMCase was 1.41 compared to polysaccharide-complexed CMCase which was only 0.68. The polysaccharide free CMCase had lower thermostability (‘melting point’ = 82°C) and higher protease susceptibility compared to polysaccharide-complexed CMCase (‘melting point’〉100°C).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360917
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of pectinases by Aspergillus niger in solid state fermentation at high initial glucose concentrations (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Aspergillus niger ; pectinase ; solid state fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Exopectinase (exo-p) and endopectinase (endo-p) production by Aspergillus niger CH4 in solid state culture was studied at initial glucose concentrations of 100, 250, 350 and 450 g/l. The highest activity of exo-p (35 U/g) was produced at 72 and 120 h in the medium containing 100 and 250 g glucose/l, respectively. The maximum endo-p activity (9 U/g) was produced at 72 h in the medium with 250 g glucose/l. The reduction in pectinase production at 350 and 450 g/l initial glucose concentration was due neither to repression of the synthesis of the enzyme nor to the glucose consumption rate of the strain but due to a drastic drop in pH of the medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360924
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of amyloglucosidase by Aspergillus niger under different cultivation regimens (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Amyloglucosidase ; aqueous two-phase system ; Aspergillus niger ; solid-state fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Amyloglucosidase (AMG) was produced by Aspergillus niger in solid-state fermentation (SSF), submerged fermentation (SmF) and an aqueous, two-phase system of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and salt. In SSF, a fed-batch mode of operation gave a yield of 64 U/ml compared with 44 U/ml in batch mode. Similar trends were observed for SmF, where fed-batch cultivation gave a yield of 102 U/ml compared with 66 U/ml in batch. Shorter cultivation times (66 h) were required for SmF than for SSF (96 h). In the aqueous, two-phase cultivation, the productivity and yield of AMG were both twice those in the control fermentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360926
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid method for detecting fungi-toxic substances (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 301-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Adenocalymma alliaceum ; Alternaria brassicae ; antifungal activity ; Aspergillus niger ; spore germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simple and rapid technique is reported for the preliminary screening of fungi-toxic extracts/samples by direct spotting onto silica gel plates and subsequent over-spraying with a fungal spore suspension. After incubation fungi-toxicity is indicated by a growth inhibition zone, the area of which is related to the concentration of the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360934
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short communication: Influence of inoculum preparation on citric acid production by Aspergillus niger (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 655-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Aspergillus niger ; citric acid ; inoculum ; spore viability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The type of sporulation medium and time of incubation had an effect on spore viability and citric acid production by mycelia grown from Aspergillus niger spores. Shu & Johnson agar (SJA) and potato dextrose agar gave higher citric acid titres than malt-extract agar. SJA also gave better germinability than the other media. Viability increased with time of incubation, but higher production of citric acid was achieved with spores incubated for less than 7 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327734
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perfusion bioreactors for the production of recombinant proteins in insect cells (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: insect cell culture ; perfusion culture ; membrane perfusion ; crossflow microfiltration ; baculovirus ; bioreactor ; fluidized bed ; packed bed ; recombinant protein production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusion High density perfusion culture of insect cells for the production of recombinant proteins has proved to be an attractive alternative to batch and fed-batch processes. A comparison of the different production processes is summarized in Table 3. Internal membrane perfusion has a limited scale-up potential but appears to the method of choice in smaller lab-scale production systems. External membrane perfusion results in increased shear stress generated by pumping of cells and passing through microfiltration modules at high velocity. However, using optimized perfusion strategies this shear stress can be minimized such that it is tolerated by the cells. In these cases, perfusion culture has proven to be superior to batch production with respect to product yields and cell specific productivity. Although insect cells could be successfully cultivated by immobilization and perfusion in stationary bed bioreactors, this method has not yet been used in continuous processes. In fluidized bed bioreactors with continuous medium exchange cells showed reduced growth and protein production rates. For the cultivation of insect cells in batch and fedbatch processes numerous efforts have been made to optimize the culture medium in order to allow growth and production at higher cell densities. These improved media could be used in combination with a perfusion process, thus allowing substantially increased cell densities without raising the medium exchange rate. However, sufficient oxygen supply has to be guaranteed during fermentation in order to ensure optimal productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350399
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Downstream processing of insect cell cultures (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 239-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: purification ; baculovirus ; insect cell culture ; downstream processing ; scale-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350404
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of multidomain complement glycoproteins in insect cells (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 279-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; complement activation ; genetic engineering ; mosaic protein ; serine-protease ; zymogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350407
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication patterns and cytopathology of cells infected with baculoviruses (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 95-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: baculovirus ; replication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusion In vitro studies have contributed greatly to an understanding of viral cytopathology, molecular biology, and pathogenesis. A model of the role of baculoviruses in a host-parasite relationship is developing which reveals the virus as gaining control of many aspects of host cell biology including control of the cell replication machinery (apoptotic response, macromolecular synthesis), the cytoskeletal structure, the nuclear membrane and intranuclear architecture. Baculovirus replication is a collection of independent but inter-related processes which work within the framework of the host cell, with the in vivo goal of maximizing production of progeny virions. Further molecular dissection of baculovirus replication should yield insight into the processes and principles of viral and host regulatory systems, perhaps facilitating development of new generations of high efficiency sub-viral expression vector systems and the development of genetically improved strains of virus safe for field use in ecologically based pest management strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350391
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