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  • Articles  (8)
  • bioreactor
  • Springer  (8)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999  (8)
  • 1996  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and secretion of the mouse whey acidic protein in transgenic sheep (1996)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 5 (1996), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: whey acidic protein gene ; transgenic sheep ; bioreactor ; mammary gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of foreign proteins can be targeted to the mammary gland of transgenic animals, thus permitting commercial purification of otherwise unavailable proteins from milk. Genetic regulatory elements from the mouse whey acidic protein (WAP) gene have been used successfully to direct expression of transgenes to the mammary gland of mice, goats and pigs. To extend the practical usefulness of WAP promoter-driven fusion genes and further characterize WAP expression in heterologous species, we introduced a 6.8 kb DNA fragment containing the genomic form of the mouse WAP gene into sheep zygotes. Two lines of transgenic sheep were produced. The transgene was expressed in mammary tissue of both lines and intact WAP was secreted into milk at concentrations estimated to range from 100 to 500 mg/litre. Ectopic WAP gene expression was found in salivary gland, spleen, liver, lung, heart muscle, kidney and bone marrow of one founder ewe. WAP RNA was not detected in skeletal muscle and intestine. These data suggest that unlike pigs, sheep may possess nuclear factors in a variety of tissues that interact with WAP regulatory sequences. Though the data presented are based on only two lines, these findings suggest WAP regulatory sequences may not be suitable as control elements for transgenes in sheep bioreactors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01979923
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradative activities in a recombinant chinese hamster ovary cell culture (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 43-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: recombinant CHO cells ; insulin degradative activity ; glycosidase ; bioreactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two degradative activities were found in a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell culture. These activities became more dominant under high cell density and extended running time, as achieved in a semi-continous perfusion culture. The first, insulin degradative activity caused a growth upset in the 3rd cycle of the perfusion culture and shortened the length of the bioreactor process. The second activity, derived from the neutral pH stable sialidase, was found to affect the integrity of the carbohydrate structure of the recombinant protein, causing increase in heterogeneity in molecular weight and pI of the glycoforms. The most efficient way to overcome these problems may be the use of genetically altered ‘designer cells’ as the production cell line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353923
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human diploid fibroblast growth on polystyrene microcarriers in aggregates (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: aggregation ; bioreactor ; cell growth ; diploid fibroblasts ; microcarriers ; suspension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Polystyrene microcarriers were prepared in four size ranges (53–63 μm, 90–125 μm, 150–180 μm and 300–355 μm) and examined for ability to support attachment and growth of human diploid fibroblasts. Cells attached rapidly to the microcarriers and there was a direct relationship between cell attachment and microcarrier aggregation. Phasecontrast and scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that while aggregation was extensive, most of the aggregate consisted of void volume. Cell growth studies demonstrated that human diploid fibroblasts proliferated well in microcarrier aggregates, reaching densities of 2.5–3×106 cells per 2 ml dish after 6 days from an inoculum of 0.5×106 cells per dish. When cells were added to the microcarriers at higher density (up to 5×106 cells per 2-ml culture), there was little net growth but the cells remained viable over a 7-day period. In contrast, cells died when plated under the same conditions in monolayer culture. When the microcarriers were used in suspension culture, rapid cell attachment and rapid microcarrier aggregation also occurred. In 100-ml suspension culture, a cell density of 0.7×106 cells per ml was reached after 7 days from an inoculum of 0.1×106 cells. Based on these data, we conclude that microcarrier aggregation is not detrimental to fibroblast growth. These data also indicate that small microcarriers (53–63 μm) (previously thought to be too small to support the growth of diploid fibroblasts) can support fibroblast growth and this occurs primarily because microcarriers in this size range efficiently form aggregates with the cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353930
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized predictive control based on neural networks (1996)
    Springer
    Neural processing letters 4 (1996), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-773X
    Keywords: bioreactor ; generalized predictive control ; neural networks ; nonlinear systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents the Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) strategy based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) plant model. To obtain the step and the free process responses which are needed in the generalized predictive control strategy we iteratively use a multilayer feedforward ANN as a one-step-ahead predictor. A bioprocess was chosen as a realistic nonlinear SISO system to demonstrate the feasibility and the performance of this control scheme. A comparison was made between our approach and the adaptive GPC (AGPC).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420619
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthomonas campestris as a host for the production of recombinantPseudomonas aeruginosa lipase (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 22-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: lipase ; recombinantXanthomonas ; fed-batch ; bioreactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinant plasmid pBP13, which expresses the alkaline lipase fromPseudomonas aeruginosa IGB83 under thetac promoter was transferred toXanthomonas campestris pvcampestris IBT148. Different fermentation conditions were tested for lipase productivity by strain IBT148 carrying plasmid pBP13, and a fermentation process was established in an instrumented bioreactor, where lipase production was increased more than 12-fold with respect to the initial culture conditions in shake flasks. Xanthan gum stabilized the activity of the alkaline lipase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569917
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro multiplication in liquid culture of Syngonium contaminated with Bacillus spp. and Rathayibacter tritici (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 45 (1996), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: bioreactor ; contamination ; medium filtration ; micropropagation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Contaminated Syngonium clusters were multiplied in an air lift bioreactor in liquid medium containing sucrose with the medium being circulated through a sterilizing filter. After 30 days, the culture in filtered medium produced 19.5 shoot initials per gram fresh weight of inoculum compared to 8.7 shoot initials produced in unfiltered medium. Transfer to an elongation medium with 30 mg l-1 Rifampicin produced shoots on 67% of the clusters, while transfer to elongation medium without Rifampicin poduced shoots on 40% of the clusters. Clusters grown for three subcultures in a reactor without medium filtration had lost their multiplication ability. Clusters grown for three subcultures in a reactor with filtration, however, continued to show a two-three fold increase in fresh weight and shoot production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043643
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A plant cell bioreactor with medium-perfusion for control of somatic embryogenesis in liquid cell suspensions (1996)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 20 (1996), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: medium exchange ; plant cell suspension culture ; bioreactor ; somatic embryogenesis ; Picea sitchensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The Braun Biostat BF2 bioreactor system employs a novel aeration and agitation system, designed to enhance gaseous exchange and reduce shear stresses on submerged cell suspension cultures. The Biostat BF2 bioreactor employs a central pivoting spindle, around which the aeration tubing is wound forming a large paddle-type structure suspended from the top-plate and swung in a circle by a solid-state magnetic stirrer. The aeration tubing is a polypropylene capillary membrane, which has a unique microporous structure and is ideal for aeration, permitting two-way, bubble-free, gaseous exchange of the medium. This tubing can be rendered porous and can be used in the perfusion of aqueous solutions, enabling cell-free media exchange to be conducted. Thin-walled silicone rubber tubing, although gas permeable to a degree, cannot be made porous to aqueous solutions. The bioreactor was inoculated with a suspension culture of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis [Bong.] Carr.) known to be embryogenic and capable of maturing to plantlets on solidified medium. The perfusion capability of the bioreactor was employed to replace the inital proliferation medium with maturation medium in order to induce the development of the somatic embryos in submerged cell culture. The size ratio of the somatic embryo heads was monitored over 7 weeks. This cell line was found to mirror just the initial elongation, previously observed in shake-flask culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024058
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perfusion bioreactors for the production of recombinant proteins in insect cells (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: insect cell culture ; perfusion culture ; membrane perfusion ; crossflow microfiltration ; baculovirus ; bioreactor ; fluidized bed ; packed bed ; recombinant protein production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusion High density perfusion culture of insect cells for the production of recombinant proteins has proved to be an attractive alternative to batch and fed-batch processes. A comparison of the different production processes is summarized in Table 3. Internal membrane perfusion has a limited scale-up potential but appears to the method of choice in smaller lab-scale production systems. External membrane perfusion results in increased shear stress generated by pumping of cells and passing through microfiltration modules at high velocity. However, using optimized perfusion strategies this shear stress can be minimized such that it is tolerated by the cells. In these cases, perfusion culture has proven to be superior to batch production with respect to product yields and cell specific productivity. Although insect cells could be successfully cultivated by immobilization and perfusion in stationary bed bioreactors, this method has not yet been used in continuous processes. In fluidized bed bioreactors with continuous medium exchange cells showed reduced growth and protein production rates. For the cultivation of insect cells in batch and fedbatch processes numerous efforts have been made to optimize the culture medium in order to allow growth and production at higher cell densities. These improved media could be used in combination with a perfusion process, thus allowing substantially increased cell densities without raising the medium exchange rate. However, sufficient oxygen supply has to be guaranteed during fermentation in order to ensure optimal productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350399
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