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  • Articles  (22,451)
  • Springer  (22,039)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 2015-2019  (10,557)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (11,894)
  • 2017  (10,557)
  • 1993  (11,894)
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (21,746)
  • Information Science and Librarianship  (705)
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  • Articles  (22,451)
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  • 2015-2019  (10,557)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (11,894)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of 1,2-bis(2-oxazolinyl-2)ethane and its application as chain extender for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The reaction of ethanolamine (EA) with nitriles is a general route to prepare oxazolines. However, in case of vicinal nitrile groups, cyclic imidines are formed. It is shown, that succinonitrile gives with EA mainly 1-(hydroxyethyl)-2,5-bis-(hydroxyethylimine) azacyclopentane (= triol). The corresponding 1,2 bis-(2-oxazolinyl-2) ethane (BOXE) is formed by heating the triol. BOXE can be used as chain extender of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). If PET is heated with BOXE at 270 °C the viscosity increases first. However, on prolonged heating the viscosity decreases again, which can not be ascribed to the normal degradation processes. Therefore, a mechanism is proposed in which the chain scission takes place in the newly formed bridge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296228
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chain transfer constants of some alipathic agents in the polymerization of styrene and methylmethacrylate (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The chain transfer constants of various aliphatic compounds in the free radical polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate have been determined at 60°C. It has been found that some cycloaliphatic compounds show a remarkable chain transfer activity, which can also be of practical interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296234
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of comb-like graft copolyamides with rigid aromatic main-chains and long flexible side-chains (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we report a novel method of preparing polyamide molecular composites (1) by synthesizing graft-copolymes with stiff aromatic polyamide main-chains and flexible high molecular weight (high-M) polyamides as the side chains. The unique feature of the present graft-copolyamides is that the side-chains are connected directly to the aromatic rings in the stiff polyamide chains through amide groups, and are not connected to the amide groups present in the stiff main-chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296843
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereospecific synthesis of ditactic polymers (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Polymerizations of t-butyl crotonate (E-TBC) and t-butyl isocrotonate (Z-TBC) t-Butyl (E)-2-butenoate and t-butyl (Z)-2-butenoate were carried out in toluene at-78°C using t-BuMgBr as initiator. E-TBC gave polymers, whereas Z-TBC did not. The dimer of E-TBC isolated from the polymerization mixture by means of GPC contained predominatly one of the four possible diastereomers. X-ray crystallographic determination showed that the predominant dimer was the erythro-diisotactic isomer. t-BuLi/Et3Al polymerized effectively both E-TBC and Z-TBC in toluene. The poly(E-TBC)s prepared with t-BuMgBr and t-BuLi/Et3Al were insoluble in toluene, THF, and chloroform, but soluble in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP). Stereostructure of the poly(TBC)s was analyzed by the one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra measured in HFIP. The poly(E-TBC) prepared with t-BuMgBr was a 1:1 mixture of the erythro- and threo-diisotactic polymers with high stereoregularity. The poly(E-TBC) and poly(Z-TBC) obtained from the polymerizations with t-BuLi/Et3Al were rich in disyndiotactic structure. Polymerization of TBCs with t-BuLi in toluene and THF was also studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296846
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion copolymerization of styrene and sodium acrylate (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Poly(styrene-co-sodium acrylate) has been synthesized by emulsion polymerization of styrene and sodium acrylate at a ratio of 9:1 with the water-soluble initiator potassium persulfate. The reaction is fast, conversions are high, and the evolution of particle size follows the conversion curve. The final latex is stable and contains spherical particles 70 nm in diameter. The presence of the copolymer is confirmed by several methods including FTIR, and the copolymer evolves from rich in sodium acrylate to rich in styrene as the reaction proceeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296851
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supported BF3 catalyst on crystalline polyolefins; carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper describes a new supported Lewis acid catalyst which involves BF3 species chemically bonded to the crystalline polyolefins, such as polypropylene and poly(1-butene). The supported catalysts are active in the carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene and are recovered and reused for many reaction cycles without significantly losing their activity. Several advantages, such as chemical and physical stabilities of the substrate, convenient implantation to load high concentration of catalyst to the substrate and high catalyst reactivity, have been observed. In addition, polyisobutylene obtained in this process has high terminal unsaturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338470
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of polyesters onto carbon whisker surface (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 421-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Acylium perchlorate groups were successfully introduced onto the surface of carbon whisker, i.e., vapor grown carbon fiber, by the reaction of surface acyl chloride groups with silver perchlorate in nitrobenzene. It was found that the cationic ring-opening polymerization of lactones, such as ε-caprolactone, δ-valerolactone, and β-propiolactone, is initiated by acylium perchlorate groups introduced onto carbon whisker. During the polymerization, the corresponding polyesters were effectively grafted onto carbon whisker surface based on the propagation of polyester from the surface. The rate of polymerization increased with increasing polymerization temperature, but the percentage of grafting of polyester onto the surface decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338475
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibilization in ionomer blends (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 449-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Two kinds of copolymers, i.e. poly(styrene-co-methacrylic acid) (SMaa) and poly(butyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (BmaMaa) containing a common but minor (10–20%) component of methacrylic acid, were synthesized. The blends of the corresponding ionomers of SMaa and BmaMaa neutralized with a series of metal-ions produced by solvent casting and moulding were examined by DSC and TEM. It has been shown that introducing metal-ions to the blends of copolymers apparently improves the miscibility. This miscibility enhancement depends on the nature and amount of the counter ions. In the case of SMaa-Na+/BmaMaa-Na+ even a singlephase blend can be produced. The results confirm compatibilization in the blends of similar-charged ionomers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338479
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index in current contents (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. A3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338484
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses and thermal properties of aromatic and semi-aromatic polythioetheramides containing oligo(thio-1,4-phenylene) segments (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A family of aromatic and semi-aromatic polythioetheramides was prepared from well-defined diamine-terminated oligo(thio-1,4-phenylene)s (PPS-DA) containing n=1,2,3,4,5,6 thio-1,4-phenylene units. Polycondensation reactions with adipic, sebacic, terephthalic and isophthalic acid chlorides were carried out in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution at room temperature to yield amorphous and semi-crystalline polythioetheramides. The influence of the oligo(thio-1,4-phenylene) segment lengths on phase transitions and thermal degradation of the polythioetheramides was investigated. As a function of the PPS segment lengths, glass transition temperatures vary between 120°C and 300°C, and melting temperatures between 290°C and 500°C. The thermal stabilities determined by thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen increase with increasing PPS segment lengths. In the case of the higher molecular weight PPS segments, the resulting semi-aromatic polyamides exhibit two crystalline phase transitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329957
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