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  • Books
  • Other Sources  (414)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (414)
  • 1990-1994  (414)
  • 1992  (414)
  • 1
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    An expert system/ion trap mass spectrometry approach for life support systems monitoring (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Efforts to develop sensor and control system technology to monitor air quality for life support have resulted in the development and preliminary testing of a concept based on expert systems and ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS). An ITMS instrument provides the capability to identify and quantitate a large number of suspected contaminants at trace levels through the use of a variety of multidimensional experiments. An expert system provides specialized knowledge for control, analysis, and decision making. The system is intended for real-time, on-line, autonomous monitoring of air quality. The key characteristics of the system, performance data and analytical capabilities of the ITMS instrument, the design and operation of the expert system, and results from preliminary testing of the system for trace contaminant monitoring are described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: SAE PAPER 921173 , ; 15 p.|SAE, International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 13, 1992 - Jul 16, 1992; Seattle, WA; United States
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  • 2
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    Electron tunnel sensors (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: We have used the extreme sensitivity of electron tunneling to variations in electrode separation to construct a novel, compact displacement transducer. Electrostatic forces are used to control the separation between the tunneling electrodes, thereby eliminating the need for piezoelectric actuators. The entire structure is composed of micromachined silicon single crystals. Applications of the tunneling displacement transducer to the measurement of acceleration and infrared signals are discussed. Measurements of acceleration and infrared sensitivity are reported.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A (ISSN 0734-2101); 10; 4; p. 2114-2118.
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  • 3
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    Monochromatic imaging instrumentation for applications in aeronomy of the earth and planets (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Monochromatic imaging instrumentation has been developed that uses narrow-band (12 A FWHP) interference filters or plane reflection gratings for 2D imaging and imaging spectrograph applications. By changing the optics in front of the filter or grating, the field of view of the instruments can be varied from 180 deg to 6 deg. In the case of the 2D monochromatic imager, the 12 mm-diameter filtered image is formed at about f/1 on the input photocathode of an intensified CCD camera (380 x 488 pixels). The sensitivities of the systems are about 50-100 R s (S/N about 2). Examples of data taken with both of these instruments include detection and mapping of Jupiter's sodium magnetonebula and stable auroral red arcs in the terrestrial ionosphere.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: In: Instrumentation for planetary and terrestrial atmospheric remote sensing; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Diego, CA, July 23, 24, 1992 (A93-27076 09-35); p. 199-205.
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  • 4
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    SAR calibration - An overview (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Remote sensing with synthetic aperture radars (SAR's) is a rapidly developing field. Calibration of these sensors is required for the establishment of relationships between radar backscatter and geographical parameters. A review of recent progress in SAR calibration is presented. The quantities measured by SAR are defined and mathematical formulations of the three basic types of SAR images are developed. The establishment of scientific requirements for calibration and the difficulties involved are discussed. Image quality assessment is reviewed and the problems of radiometric calibration of SAR images using the radar equation and internal and external approaches are considered. Polarimetric radar calibration and the development of the necessary algorithms are described. Interferometric phase calibration and its associated problems are reviewed and future challenges in SAR calibration are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); 30; 6; p. 1107-1121.
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  • 5
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    Description of a pressure measurement technique for obtaining surface static pressures of a radial turbine (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The aerodynamic performance of a solid uncooled version of a cooled radial turbine was evaluated in the Small Engine Components Test Facility Turbine rig at the NASA Lewis Research Center. Specifically, an experiment was conducted to rotor surface static pressures. This was the first time surface static pressures had been measured on a radial turbine at NASA Lewis. These pressures were measured by a modified Rotating Data Package (RDP), a standard product manufactured by Scanivalve, Inc. Described here are the RDP, and the modifications that were made, as well as the checkout, installation, and testing procedures. The data presented are compared to analytical results obtained from NASA's MERIDL TSONIC BLAYER (MTSB) code.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-4006
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  • 6
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    Application of multipoint measurements for flow characterization (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Some of the possibilities for inferring the structure of complicated flows from simultaneous measurements at many points are reviewed. Conditional sampling, pseudoflow visualization, stochastic estimation, and the proper orthogonal decomposition are briefly reviewed and illustrated by example. Resolution criteria for multipoint spatial arrays are proposed that minimize the possibilities for misinterpreting the data.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science (ISSN 0894-1777); 5; 5 Se; 617-632
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  • 7
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    Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy for the exploration of diffuse interstellar emission lines at far-ultraviolet wavelengths (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) is a new instrumental technique for interference spectroscopy which promises to extend into the FUV (1200-2000 A) spectral region the large throughput advantage at high spectral resolution usually associated with Fabry-Perot and Michelson interferometers. In addition, SHS systems are compact in size, can be field-widened to increase their throughput even further, have no moving parts, and can be built in all-reflection configurations. SHS appears to be well suited for high resolution, space-based spectroscopy of faint interstellar emission lines in the ultraviolet. This has significant implications for the study of the dynamics and distribution of hot gas within the Galactic disk and halo. For example, a field-widened SHS incorporating 5 x 5 cm gratings could obtain a radial velocity resolved (20 km/s), 3 deg angular resolution map of the high-latitude interstellar C IV 1550 emission in less than 1 year.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 396; 2 Se
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  • 8
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    Absolute ultrasonic displacement amplitude measurements with a submersible electrostatic acoustic transducer (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: An experimental technique for absolute measurement of ultrasonic wave particle displacement amplitudes in liquids is reported. The technique is capable of measurements over a frequency range of two decades with a sensitivity less than one angstrom. The technique utilizes a previously reported submersible electrostatic acoustic transducer (ESAT) featuring a conductive membrane stretched over a recessed electrode. An uncertainty analysis shows that the displacement amplitude of an ultrasonic plane wave incident on the ESAT can be experimentally determined to better than 2.3-4 percent, depending on frequency, in the frequency range of 0.5-15 MHz. Membranes with lower and more uniform areal densities can improve the accuracy and extend the operation to higher frequencies.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0034-6748); 63; 9; p. 4182-4188.
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  • 9
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    The explosive transient camera - An automatic, wide-field sky monitor for short-timescale optical transients (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The Explosive Transient Camera (ETC) is a widefield sky monitor designed to detect short-timescale (1-l0 s) celestial optical flashes. It consists of two arrays of wide-field CCD cameras monitoring about 0.4 steradian of the night sky for optical transients with risetimes of about 1-10 s and peak magnitudes m(V) of less than about 10. The ETC was designed to be completely automated in order to make year-round observations with minimal human intervention. A small, powerful 68,000-based computer controls all aspects of observations, including roof motion, CCD readouts, and weather sensing: under software control, the ETC is able to perform all the functions of a human observer automatically.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: In: Robotic telescopes in the 1990s; Proceedings of the Symposium, 103rd Annual Meeting of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, June 22-24, 1991, 1991 (A93-36457 14-89); p. 123-136.
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  • 10
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    Design and initial performance evaluation of a portable short wave infrared spectroradiometer (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The design, initial calibration, and performance evaluations of a portable short wave infrared (SWIR) spectroradiometer are described. The spectroradiometer covers the range from 1.1 to 2.5 microns with a spectral resolution that may be varied from less than 10 nm to more than 100 nm. A single spectrum is acquired in about 2 sec. The SNR is about 230 at a wavelength of 2.2 microns for a Lambertian surface of 90-percent reflectance illuminated by the sun at normal incidence with 14.8-nm resolution, a 25 C background temperature, and no atmospheric attenuation. FOV-defining optics are coupled by a flexible fiber-optics bundle to the spectroradiometer, which consists of a concave holographic diffraction grating with a flat focal field imaged onto a 1024-element platinum silicide linear-array detector.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: In: Infrared technology XVIII; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Diego, CA, July 19-22, 1992 (A93-32826 12-35); p. 118-134.
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