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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1,441)
  • General Chemistry  (1,203)
  • Humans  (983)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (734)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology
  • 2015-2019  (482)
  • 1990-1994  (4,533)
  • 2016  (482)
  • 1992  (4,533)
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  • 2015-2019  (482)
  • 1990-1994  (4,533)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic evidence for multiple Alu source genes (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 7-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alu source genes ; Humans ; Gorillas ; Retrotransposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A member of the young PV Alu sub-family is detected in chimpanzee DNA showing that the PV subfamily is not specific to human DNA. This particular Alu is absent from the orthologous loci in both human and gorilla DNAs, indicating that PV subfamily members transposed within the chimpanzee lineage following the divergence of chimpanzee from both gorilla and human. These findings and previous reports describing the transpositional activity of other Alu sequences within the human, gorilla, and chimpanzee lineages provide phylogenetic evidence for the existence of multiple Alu source genes. Sequences surrounding this particular Alu resemble known transcriptional control elements associated with RNA polymerase III, suggesting a mechanism by which cis-acting elements might be acquired upon retrotransposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160256
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of two west African populations (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 34 (1992), S. 336-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Nuclear polymorphisms ; Heteroplasmy ; Genetic differentiation ; Sickle cell ; Rain forest refuges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The identification of genetically coherent populations is essential for understanding human evolution. Among the culturally uniform ethnic groups of west Africa, there are two geographically distinct populations with high frequencies of sickle-cell hemoglobin (HbS). Although the HbS mutation in each group is found on distinguishable chromosomes 11, these populations have been assumed to be parts of a single population. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in these populations demonstrated that the two populations identified by alternative chromosomes 11 bearing HbS have distinct distributions of mitochondrial genotypes, i.e., they are maternally separate. These studies also showed that, contrary to expectation, the mtDNA of some individuals is heteroplasmic. For nuclear loci, a comparison of the frequency of alternative alleles established that these populations are genetically distinct. Both the mitochondrial and nuclear data indicate that these populations have been separate for approximately 50,000 years. Although HbS in the two populations is usually attributed to recent, independent mutations, the duration of the separation and the observed geographic distribution of the population allow for the possibility of an ancient origin of HbS. Assuming an ancient mutation and considering the known biogeography, we suggest that HbS protected selected populations from malaria in rain forest refuges during the most recent ice age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160241
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative Trimerisierung von Alkinylgruppen an Trimethylphosphan-Palladium-Komplexen (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Alkynyl groups ; Palladium, trimethylphosphane complexes ; Trimerization, oxidative ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxidative Trimerization of Alkynyl Groups at Trimethylphosphane Palladium ComplexesAlkynylpalladium halides trans-PdX (C ≡ CR)(PMe3)2 [1, 2, 4, X = Cl, R = SiMe3, (CH2)2CH3, (CH2)5CH3; 3, X = Br, R = (CH2)2CH3] were synthesized by routine methods, while further examples of the series trans-PdX (C ≡ CR)(PMe3)2 [5, 7, 8, 10, X = Br, R = SiMe3, CMe3, (CH2)2CH3, Ph; 7, 9, 11, X = I, R = SiMe3, SiPh3, OEt] and trans-PdX (C ≡ CR)(PPh3)2 (12-14, X=I, R=SiMe3, CMe3, CH2OH) were obtained by oxidative addition of 1-halogeno-1-alkynes to PdL4 (L=PMe3, PPh3). Just above the melting point or decomposition point 5-7 are transformed by oxidative trimerization of the alkynyl groups to give enediynyl complexes trans-PdX[C(C ≡ CR)=C(C ≡ CR)R](PMe3)2 (15, 16, R=SiMe3, X=Br, I; 17, X=Br, R=CMe3). According to an X-ray structure analysis 17 has E configuration.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substituted C3BN2 Heterocycles from Trialkylboranes and Nitriles (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Boranes, trialkyl- ; Nitriles ; Condensation ; β-Diketimines ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of trialkylboranes, e. g. triethylborane (Et3B), tripropylborane (Pr3B), or 9-alkyl-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane [alkyl-BBN; alkyl=Et, 1-methylpropyl, 1-methybutyl/1-ethylpropyl], with either aceto-, propio-, butyro-, pivalo-, and benzonitrile gives, depending on the reaction conditions used or the nitrile employed, either the substituted diazoniadibora-tetidines (1 a - c), products of partial hydroboration, or by condensation of two or three nitrile molecules, with or without a concomitant hydroboration, the C3BN2 heterocycles 2a - c, 8a/b, 9a - d, and 10a/b (X-ray structure analyses of 2a and 10b).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250104
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metalle in Biologie und Medizin, III. Bismutlactat: Darstellung und Strukturchemie eines Hydroxycarboxylat-Komplexes (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Helicobacter Pylori ; Bismuth ; (S)-Lactate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metals in Biology and Medicine, III.  -  Bismuth Lactate: Synthesis and Structure of a Hydroxycarboxylate ComplexAs a compound of medical relevance, bismuth (S)-lactate was synthesized and structurally characterized (single-crystal X-ray diffraction). Exploiting the versatile coordination chemistry of carboxylate groups (chelating and bridging ligands), the crystal structure is based upon a three-dimensional network, showing bismuth in a high coordination number environment.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung neuartiger monomerer, oligomerer und polymerer Silyltriflate (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Silyl triflates ; Oligosilanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of New Monomeric, Oligomeric, and Polymeric Silyl TriflatesThe highly reactive silyl triflates R3SiOSO2CF3 are valuable reagents in organosilicon chemistry. New triflate derivatives of mono- and oligosilanes have been prepared by substitution of phenyl groups or hydrogen atoms for the trifluoromethanesulfonyl group. The presence of the electron-withdrawing triflate group leads to a strong deactivation of the other substituents at the silicon atom, and the displacement of a second phenyl group at the same silicon atom is much slower than the first step. For this reason in the case of phenylated oligosilanes stepwise monosubstitution of the silicon atoms has been found. Other new oligomeric silyl triflates are obtained by reaction of silanediyl(triyl) bis(tris)(trifluoromethanesulfonates) with lithium derivatives of organosilicon compounds. Finally, the cleavage of silicon-phenyl bonds of poly[methyl(phenyl)silanes] by CF3SO3H leads to triflate derivatives of polysilanes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Kristallstrukturen von {Li3(12-Krone-4)2[HC(CN)2]3}, {Na(15-Krone-5)-[HC(CN)2]} und {Na[N(nBu)4][HC(CN)2]2 · THF} (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Lithium dicyanomethanide ; Sodium dicyanomethanide ; Dicyanomethanides, lithium, sodium, tetrabutylammonium salts ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Crystal Structures of {Li3(12-crown-4)2[HC(CN)2]3}, {Na(15-crown-5)[HC(CN)2]}, and {NaN(nBu)4[HC(CN)2]2 · THF}The preparation and the crystal structures of the title compounds 1 - 3 are described. 1 forms a polymeric chain structure, in which one of the lithium ions is linked by Li…NCC(H)CN… bridges. The remaining lithium ions form (12-crown-4)Li[NCC(H)CN] units, which are coordinated by one of the nitrogen atoms of the dicyanomethanide ions with the lithium ions of the chain. 2 forms an ion pair, in which the sodium ion is coordinated by the five oxygen atoms of the crown ether molecule and by one nitrogen atom of the dicyanomethanide ion. 3 has a threedimensional network, in which the sodium ions are coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral manner by the nitrogen atoms of the dicyanomethanide ions. In the cavities of the network the tetrabutylammonium ions and the THF molecules are found.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese, Struktur und Reaktivität eines Stanna(II)-nickela(II)-cyclobuten-Komplexes (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 103-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Alkynes ; Nickel complexes ; Stannenes ; Metallacycloalkenes ; Kinetic and thermodynamic reaction control ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Stanna(II)-nickela(III)-cyclobutene KomplexesThe (ethyne)nickel(0) complex (iPr2PC2H4PiPr2)Ni(C2H2) (1) reacts with the stannene Sn[CH(SiMe3)2]2 below -30°C to yield the stanna(II)-nickela(II)-cyclobutene complex (iPr2PC2H4PiPr2)YYNiCH=YYCHSn[CH(SiMe3)2]2 (2; 83%) as the kinetically controlled product; 2 has been characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and an X-ray crystal-structure determination. The latter shows the central four-membered ring to be planar with a long Ni - Sn bond [2.626(1) Å]. According to the temperature-dependent NMR spectra, 2 dissociates reversibly in solution to the starting components. The synthesis reaction thus represents an equilibrium as long as the temperature is below 20°C. These observations indicate that the structural lability of the stanna(II)-nickela(II)-cyclobutene moiety is associated with the weakness of the Ni - Sn bond. The bonding situation in 2 is best described as an “inner complex” in which a stannyl anion is coordinated to a nickel(II) cation. An ethereal solution of 2 undergoes an oxidative addition of one ethyne C - H bond to the stannene at 20°C to give the Ni(0)/Sn(IV) complex iPr2PC2H4PiPr2)Ni({η2-HC≡CSn(H)[CH(SiMe3)2]2} (3) as the thermodynamically controlled product. Reaction of 3 with CO liberates the new alkyne ligand.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correction (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250121
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese, Struktur und Isomerisierung von DiazaphosphiridinoxidenHerrn Professor Joseph Grobe zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Diazaphosphiridine oxides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis, Structure, and Isomerization of Diazaphosphiridine OxidesHerrn Professor Joseph Grobe zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.The 1,2-Bis(alkyl)iminophosphane, Et3C  -  P=N  -  tBu (1), reacts with nitroso compounds, RNO (R=tBu, Ph), to form the diazaphosphiridine oxides, Et3C  -  YYP(=O)  -  NtBu  -  NYYR, 4a, b. While 4a (R=tBu) is thermally stable, 4b (R=Ph) isomerizes with formation of the benzodiazaphosphole oxide Et3C  -  YYP(= O)  -  NH  -  C6H4  -  NYYtBu (5). The corresponding phospholimine Et3C  -  YYP(=NtBu)  -  NH  -  C6H4  -  NYYtBu (7) has been obtained from 1 and azobenzene. The three-membered phosphorus heterocycle 4a has been characterized by X-ray structure analysis, which reveales some remarkable features.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250115
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