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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (1,236)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (773)
  • 1990-1994  (2,009)
  • 1991  (2,009)
  • 1
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Inflation provides very strong motivation for a flat Universe, Harrison-Zel'dovich (constant-curvature) perturbations, and cold dark matter. However, there are a number of cosmological observations that conflict with the predictions of the simplest such model: one with zero cosmological constant. They include the age of the Universe, dynamical determinations of Omega, galaxy-number counts, and the apparent abundance of large-scale structure in the Universe. While the discrepancies are not yet serious enough to rule out the simplest and most well motivated model, the current data point to a best-fit model with the following parameters: Omega(sub B) approximately equal to 0.03, Omega(sub CDM) approximately equal to 0.17, Omega(sub Lambda) approximately equal to 0.8, and H(sub 0) approximately equal to 70 km/(sec x Mpc) which improves significantly the concordance with observations. While there is no good reason to expect such a value for the cosmological constant, there is no physical principle that would rule out such.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: Primordial nucleosynthesis and evolution of early universe; Proceedings of the International Conference, Tokyo, Japan, Sept. 4-8, 1990 (A93-17626 05-90); p. 337-350.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Because of the breakdown of the Einstein equivalence principle in the nonsymmetric gravitational theory (NGT) of Moffat, orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves can propagate at different velocities in a gravitational field. Moffat has proposed that galactic dark matter, in the form of cosmions, may act as a significant source of gravity in the NGT. We discuss how observations of the highly polarized radiation from distant pulsars could provide significant limits on the strength of the coupling of cosmions in the NGT.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Physical Review D - Particles and Fields, 3rd Series (ISSN 0556-2821); 44; 8; p. R2211-R2213.
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  • 3
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We discuss the results of a survey of Quasar radio structures over redshifts from 0.6 to 3.7. There are clear evolutionary trends in size and luminosity, which suggest that the duty cycle of individual Quasars has increased over cosmic time. This affects source count statistics and gives clues on the evolution of Quasar environments.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: The space distribution of quasars; Proceedings of the Workshop, Victoria, Canada, June 3-5, 1991 (A93-28776 10-90); p. 331, 332; Discuss
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The surface distribution of star clusters in the LMC has revealed the existence of two elliptical systems superimposed. A small surface density outer ellipse outlining the large system and a higher density elliptical inner system. The major axis of the two subsystems form an angle of 60 deg. The central subsystem contains all youngest populous globular star clusters from both the stellar and dynamical point of view. The large outer system seems to contain all old globular clusters, showing a dumpy distribution and outlining two arms at the northeast and southwest. The small LMC clusters were found to have masses less than 1000 solar masses and are distributed all over the large elliptical system.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: The formation and evolution of star clusters (A93-48676 20-90); p. 407-409.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: On the basis of optical and IUE observations we have investigated the possibility that some of the very young stellar systems of the LMC, such as SL360, may be regarded as globular clusters at the very early phases of their dynamical evolution after the gas cloud expulsion.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: The formation and evolution of star clusters (A93-48676 20-90); p. 404-406.
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  • 6
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The outburst of Halley comet that occurred in February 1991 when the comet was over 14 AU from the sun, between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus, is described. This region of the solar system was known to be so cold that a comet nucleus would be totally inert there. On February 12th, 1991 Halley brightened by a factor of about 300, and a dust coma was observed around the nucleus. Different explanations of the comet's strange behavior are suggested.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); p. 793, 794.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Horizontal-branch (HB) sequences have been computed for different rates of convective overshooting at the edge of the convective core. We find that the convective core undergoes a series of 'breathing pulses' during most of the HB phase. The average behavior of these sequences closely mimics the behavior of sequences computed with canonical semiconvection.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: The formation and evolution of star clusters (A93-48676 20-90); p. 299-301.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A near-infrared camera was used to search for jets around low-luminosity embedded infrared sources in nearby molecular clouds. The near-infrared offers the advantage that the extinction is very low compared with the optical. A jet is detected in molecular hydrogen at 2.12 microns toward a source in L1448. Given the sample size this indicates a detection rate of no more than a couple percent. The average visual extinction in L1448 is roughly 5 mag. The properties of the molecular hydrogen emission are similar to those measured for known Herbig-Haro objects, suggesting the jet is a buried Herbig-Haro object/jet that would be visible in the optical if the extinction were lower. The L1448 jet coincides with the unusual CO outflow that is highly collimated and contains high-velocity CO 'bullets'. The properties of the L1448 source suggest it defines a transition case between molecular outflows and Herbig-Haro jets, combining the characteristics of both.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Societa Astronomica Italiana, Memorie (ISSN 0037-8720); 62; 4, 19
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  • 9
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Properties and parameters of UV flares have been observed from RS CVn systems approximately once per few days observing time. The peak flare luminosities are five or six orders of magnitude more intense than the most energetic solar flares. The nonradiative energy losses, e.g., turbulence and flows, are likely to be at least comparable to the radiative loss.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Societa Astronomica Italiana, Memorie (ISSN 0037-8720); 62; 291-305
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  • 10
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The cosmic neutrino background is expected to consist of relic neutrinos from the big bang, of neutrinos produced during nuclear burning in stars, of neutrinos released by gravitational stellar collapse, and of neutrinos produced by cosmic ray interactions with matter and radiation in the interstellar and intergalactic medium. Formation of baryonic dark matter in the early universe, matter-antimatter annihilation in a baryonic symmetric universe, and dark matter annihilation could have also contributed significantly to the cosmic neutrino background. The purpose of this paper is to review the properties of these cosmic neutrino backgrounds, the indirect evidence for their existence, and the prospects for their detection.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: In: After the first three minutes; Proceedings of the 1st Astrophysics Workshop, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, Oct. 15-17, 1990 (A93-23605 07-90); p. 497-511.
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