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  • GEOPHYSICS  (562)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1990-1994  (562)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1991  (562)
  • 1
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    Concept for the subresolution measurement of earthquake strain fields using SPOT panchromatic imagery (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The use of satellite-derived imagery for measuring subresolution horizontal terrain displacments associated with present-day earthquakes is discussed with reference to data from the French SPOT satellite whose sensor array provides 10-m panchromatic imagery. The measured terrain displacements can be up to several meters, but usually no more than 6-8 m even for major earthquakes. The general approach is to spatially match the after image to the before image at each point on a half-kilometer grid by iteratively interpolating one and testing its correlation with the other. The discussion covers the basic algorithm, results of initial tests, error types and limitations, and future work.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: Earth and atmospheric remote sensing; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 2-4, 1991 (A93-24176 08-42); p. 370-377.
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  • 2
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    Spectral stratigraphy (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A new approach to stratigraphic analysis is described which uses photogeologic and spectral interpretation of multispectral remote sensing data combined with topographic information to determine the attitude, thickness, and lithology of strata exposed at the surface. The new stratigraphic procedure is illustrated by examples in the literature. The published results demonstrate the potential of spectral stratigraphy for mapping strata, determining dip and strike, measuring and correlating stratigraphic sequences, defining lithofacies, mapping biofacies, and interpreting geological structures.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: Earth and atmospheric remote sensing; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 2-4, 1991 (A93-24176 08-42); p. 351-357.
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  • 3
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    Mid- and high-latitude total ozone observations from over three earth radii measured from Dynamics Explorer I (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Column ozone measurements obtained from a Spin-scan Ozone Imager (SOI) aboard the Dynamics Explorer I (DE-I) satellite are discussed. The orbital geometry has many features similar to the Molniya satellite orbits. The ozone imagery obtained from DE-I are unique in being synoptic views of a region of continental scale for a period of a few hours. A brief description of the instrument, data, and orbit is followed by a discussion of some applications of DE-I data and the potential usefulness of an ozone imager aboard a satellite in a Molniya-type orbit.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: Conference on the Meteorological and Oceanographic Uses of Satellites in Molniya Orbits, Univ. of Alabama, Huntsville, May 3, 1991, Proceedings (A93-44542 18-47); p. 62-72.
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  • 4
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    Monitoring Colima Volcano, Mexico, using satellite data (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Colima Volcanic Complex at the western end of the Mexican Volcanic Belt is the most active andesitic volcano in Mexico. Short-wavelength infrared data from the Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite were used to determine the temperature and fractional area of radiant picture elements for two January data acquisitions in 1985 and 1986. The 1986 data showed four 28.5 m by 28.5 m pixels (picture elements) whose hot subpixel components had temperatures ranging from 511-774 C and areas of 1.8-13 sq m. The 1985 data had no radiating areas above background temperatures. Ground observations and measurements in November 1985 and February 1986 reported the presence of hot fumaroles at the summit with temperatures of 135-895 C. This study demonstrates the utility of satellite data for monitoring volcanic activity.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Bulletin of Volcanology (ISSN 0258-8900); p. 571-574.
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  • 5
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    Earth, atmosphere (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Present understanding of the earth's atmosphere is briefly reviewed. The structure and composition of the atmosphere are described. The origin of the atmosphere and the factors involved in global atmospheric change are addressed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 6
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    Optical properties of aerosol emissions from biomass burning in the tropics, BASE-A (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Ground-based and airborne measurements of biomass-burning smoke particle optical properties, obtained with a view to aerosol-absorption properties, are presented as a function of time and atmospheric height. The wavelength dependence of the optical thickness can be explained by a log-normal size distribution, with particles' effective radius varying between 0.1 and 0.2 microns. The strong correlation noted between aerosol particle profile and CO profile indicates that smoke particulates constitute a good tracer for emission trace gases from tropical biomass burning.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 7
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    Aerosol characterization in smoke plumes from a wetlands fire (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Results are presented from airborne measurements of aerosol mass loading, size distribution, and elemental composition obtained in a smoke plume from a fire at a Florida wildlife refuge. It is found that there was a high concentration of carbon-containing aerosols and salt crystals in the 0.1-0.2 micron size range; the composition and morphology of the aerosols differed with size. Aerosol mass concentrations are used in conjunction with those obtained for CO2 in order to calculate ratios of aerosol and CO2. The ratios are noted to be higher for the smoldering phase of the fire than for its flaming phase.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Vertical column abundances and seasonal cycle of acetylene, C2H2, above the Jungfraujoch station, derived from IR solar observations (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Results derived from a spectroscopic analysis of the nu5 band R19 transition of C2H2 observed in solar spectra recorded at the Jungfraujoch station, Switzerland, between June 1986 and April 1991 are reported. A least-squares sine fit to the data reveals a seasonal variability with an amplitude of about +/-40 percent of the mean; the maximum occurs during mid-winter and the minimum in summer. In general, the observed seasonal observations are comparable with those derived from airborne in-situ measurements and those reported from ground-based stations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry (ISSN 0167-7764); 13; 4, No; 359-372
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  • 9
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    Geophysical validation of TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry products (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-13
    Description: The objectives of this study are the following: (1) to assess the quality of the sea level observed by altimetry on a global scale, especially in tropical regions where the atmospheric effects are the most critical, and to prepare the altimeter data for their assimilation into tropical Oceanic General Circulation Models; and (2) to validate and calibrate the altimeter-derived sea state parameters, to assimilate these parameters into numerical models, and to estimate the altimeter's sea state and electromagnetic biases.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: JPL, TOPEX(Poseidon Science Investigations Plan; p 82-88
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  • 10
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    Geophysical investigations with TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry data (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-13
    Description: In the proposed research, TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data will be used with Geosat and European Remote Sensing satellite (ERS-1) data to compute global, region, and local oceanic geoid surfaces. These observations will then be analyzed to conduct geophysical studies relative to the structure of the oceanic lithosphere and mantle.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: JPL, TOPEX(Poseidon Science Investigations Plan; p 34-35
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