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  • Other Sources  (963)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (613)
  • COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR  (350)
  • 1990-1994  (963)
  • 1990  (963)
  • 1
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    Uranus - The planet, rings and satellites (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The present overview of available data regarding Uranus and its planetary structures encompasses ground- and space-based observations of the planet with specific attention given to the interpretation of Voyager 2 data. A brief examination of historical observations is given which includes its discovery, position determination, and the related discoveries of Uranus' five large satellites and rings. The observational data preceding the Voyager 2 mission are reviewed in terms of the planetary interior, atmosphere, and magnetosphere. The Voyager 2 mission is given detailed treatment with descriptions of NASA's development and deployment of the spacecraft as well as detailed data from the Uranus encounter. Reference is given to structure and composition of Uranus' atmosphere, valid models of the interior, and wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere. The structures of the rings and satellites are examined with reference to specific observational requirements from future missions.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 2
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    Research into command, control, and communications in space construction (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-10-02
    Description: Coordinating and controlling large numbers of autonomous or semi-autonomous robot elements in a space construction activity will present problems that are very different from most command and control problems encountered in the space business. As part of our research into the feasibility of robot constructors in space, the CSC Operations Group is examining a variety of command, control, and communications (C3) issues. Two major questions being asked are: can we apply C3 techniques and technologies already developed for use in space; and are there suitable terrestrial solutions for extraterrestrial C3 problems? An overview of the control architectures, command strategies, and communications technologies that we are examining is provided and plans for simulations and demonstrations of our concepts are described.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: Second Annual Symposium; p 248-254
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  • 3
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    Dutch X-band SLAR calibration (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-04
    Description: In August 1989 the NASA/JPL airborne P/L/C-band DC-8 SAR participated in several remote sensing campaigns in Europe. Amongst other test sites, data were obtained of the Flevopolder test site in the Netherlands on August the 16th. The Dutch X-band SLAR was flown on the same date and imaged parts of the same area as the SAR. To calibrate the two imaging radars a set of 33 calibration devices was deployed. 16 trihedrals were used to calibrate a part of the SLAR data. This short paper outlines the X-band SLAR characteristics, the experimental set-up and the calibration method used to calibrate the SLAR data. Finally some preliminary results are given.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: JPL, Proceedings of the Second Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) Workshop; p 14-20
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  • 4
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    Calibration experiments with DC-8 SAR data (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-04
    Description: This paper is a summary of some research activities in calibrating DC-8 SAR data conducted in 1989/90 by the author and others. Firstly, by examining the process of 'symmetrization' in the production of DC-8 Stokes' matrix data, it is shown that an exact solution to the problem of calibrating this data exists, given certain assumptions. Secondly a new, more general, system model for radar polarimeters is proposed, together with a simple approach for verifying the model's validity. The importance of the orientation angle about the radar line of sight for some types of calibration devices is discussed and some results of an experiment to cross-calibrate the C-Band VV data from the DC-8 and DLR E-SAR sensors are presented.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: Proceedings of the Second Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) Workshop; p 1-7
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  • 5
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    Mars Observer's global mapping mission (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The objectives of the Mars Observer global mapping mission are to determine the global elemental and mineralogical character of the Martian surface material, define globally the topography and gravitational field of Mars, establish the nature of Mars's magnetic field, determine the time and space distribution, abundance, sources, and sinks of volatile Martian material and dust over a seasonal cycle, and explore the structure and aspects of the circulation of the Martian atmosphere. The experiments and instruments to be used in this mission are described, and the operations and data analysis are briefly considered.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: EOS (ISSN 0096-3941); 71; 1099
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  • 6
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    Small-scale plasma, magnetic, and neutral density fluctuations in the nightside Venus atmosphere (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The evolution of the Venus small-scale waves as they propagate into the nightsite is examined, and the small-scale structures are compared with the waves in the three components of the magnetic field, magnetic dip angle, and neutral density. It is demonstrated that the small-scale fluctuations evolve between the transterminator and antisolar regions. It is shown that atmospheric gravity waves may also be producing some of the fluctuations observed at longer wavelengths. The electron temperature and density are shown to be approximately 180 deg out of phase and exhibiting the highest correlation of any pair of variables. Waves in the electron and neutral densities are found to be correlated moderately on most orbits, while the average electron temperature is higher when the average magnetic field is more horizontal.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 4085-410
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  • 7
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    Comment on 'Update on terrestrial ages of Antarctic meteorites' by K. Nishiizumi, D. Elmore and P. W. Kubik (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 99; 4, Se; 380-382;
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  • 8
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    The performance of trellis-coded MDPSK with multiple symbol detection (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The idea of using a multiple (more than two) symbol observation interval to improve error probability performance is applied to differential detection of trellis-coded multiple phase-shift keying (MPSK) over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. An equivalent Euclidean distance measure per trellis branch is determined for this detection scheme. This is used to define an augmented (larger multiplicity) trellis code whose distance measure is the conventional squared Euclidean distance typical of conventional trellis-coded modulation on the AWGN. Such an augmented multiple trellis code is a convenient mathematical tool for simplifying the analysis. Results are obtained by a combination of analysis (upper Chernoff bounds and asymptotic large-SNR approximations) and computer simulation. It is shown that only a slight increase (e.g., one symbol) in the length of the observation interval will provide a significant improvement in bit error probability performance.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Communications (ISSN 0090-6778); 38; 1391-140
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  • 9
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    Geochemistry and genesis of the angrites (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The major and trace elements were analyzed in samples of LEW86010, LEW87051, and Angra dos Reis angrites were analyzed using INAA and fused-bead EMP techniques. Results suggest that all three angrites originated on a volatile-depleted (Na-poor) but oxidized parent body or on several bodies. The combination of low Na and high FeO/MnO found in these samples suggests that the extreme Na depletion was caused by parent-body outgassing during differentiation, rather than by nebular processes. It was also found that the refractory-element abundances observed in LEW86010 and LEW87051 are related via olivine control; it is suggested that LEW86010 may be a residual melt from a LEW87051-like precursor or that LEW87051 formed from a LEW86010-like precursor via olivine accumulation. On the other hand, the Angra dos Reis displayed an unusual refractory element pattern suggesting that either the angrite parent body was heterogeneous or that Angra dos Reis was formed on a parent body different from that of the other two angrites.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 54; 3209-321
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  • 10
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    Zonal motion and structure in Jupiter's upper troposphere from Voyager infrared and imaging observations (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Global digital maps of Jupiter's upper-tropospheric temperature have been generated at the 270- and 150-mb pressure levels, together with IR cloud optical depths at 5 and 45 microns and the ammonia abundance near the 680-mb pressure level, on the basis of Voyager IRIS north-south mapping sequences. Attention is given to the 270-mb and 45 micron data; global digital maps are presented for violet and orange reflectivities. The dominant upper tropospheric thermal structures move at a rate far different from that of the cloud indicators, and are noted to remain stationary relative to the planet's bulk rotation. Strong stationary features are found at a zonal wavenumber of 9 near 15 deg N latitude and of 11 near 20 deg latitude.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 88; 39-72
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