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  • 1
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    Cambridge Univ. Press
    In:  Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, vol. 15, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN: 1589480406)
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Plate tectonics
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  • 2
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    Cambridge Univ. Press
    In:  Cambridge, 439 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, vol. 18, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 267, (ISBN 3-534-14102-4)
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Tectonics ; Fault zone ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Rock mechanics ; Laboratory measurements
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  • 3
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  South African Journal of Marine Science, 9 (1). pp. 11-26.
    Publication Date: 2020-05-26
    Description: The biology of the chokker squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii on inshore grounds in the South-East Cape was studied by examination of trends in jig catches, length frequency analyses, length/weight relationships, analyses of maturity stages and SCUBA diving transects in a spawning area. Commercial catches probably reflected the influx of squid into shallow waters to spawn. Modal length at spawning was between 265 and 305 mm mantle length (ML) in males and between 175 and 195 mm ML in females. There was no modal progression to indicate growth, nearly all squid were mature, a percentage of males were spent, the level of feeding on the grounds was very low, and mantle walls were thinner than those of squid offshore. These factors all indicate that the squid population inshore had reached the end of its life cycle and was in the spawning phase. The sex ratio was biased towards males, an indication either of differential inshore migration or of greater longevity in males than in females. The frequency of occurrence of trawled egg capsules was highest in summer and all eggs were between 18 and 25 m deep. The preferred substratum for spawning appeared to be low-relief reef interspersed with coarse sand, and the stalks of egg capsules were always embedded in the sand to form individual clusters, as in most other loliginids. No evidence was found of post-spawning mortality in the areas examined.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  South African journal of marine science, 9 . pp. 189-200.
    Publication Date: 2020-05-26
    Description: Changes in the ovaries and testes during sexual maturation of Loligo vulgaris reynaudii were examined histologically. Fonnation and development of the spermatozoa and oocytes could be divided into four distinct stages for males and five for females, and frequencies of these stages in the morphologically determined categories of development of the whole reproductive System were calculated. These frequencies were then compared between morphological categories. Results showed that microscopic changes are reflected in macroscale changes for Categories I-IV, but differences between Categories IV and V are mostly morphological for both sexes. It is suggested that Loligo v. reynaudii is an intermittent spawner.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Marine Behaviour and Physiology, 18 (1). pp. 1-17.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: General biology of cephalopods is described. First, all commercially important cephalopods are classified and the general morphology and distribution of all major families is described in detail. Mating and spawning characteristics of all major families are discussed in detail. This is followed by a discussion on early life history, growth and principal ecoological changes that occur during the growth period. Schooling and migration characteristics are also taken up in considerable detail. The paper closes with a brief discussion on the trophic relation. The author points out that cephalopods are extremely important to mankind due to their unique position in the food chain extending from the oceans to man.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-09-18
    Description: Grab samples collected in 1987 from the Valu Fa back-arc ridge in the SW Pacific include sulfide-bearing basaltic andesites and andesitic xenoliths, massive sulfide-barite-silica mineralization, native sulfur, and a large number of Fe-Mn crusts. Sphalerite, pyrite, marcasite, barite, and amorphous silica are the predominant minerals in the massive samples. Smaller amounts of chalcopyrite, galena, tennantite, and covellite have been identified. This assemblage formed at the seafloor from smoker-type hydrothermal fluids with temperatures 〈300°C and high concentrations of reduced sulfur. Sulfide mineralization in basaltic andesites consists of disseminated pyrite and marcasite. The scarity of pyrrhotite suggests precipitation of sulfides under elevated fS2-fO2 conditions and at temperatures that may have been as low as 150°C. Extensive deposits of Fe- or Mn-dominated hydrothermal crusts at the Valu Fa Ridge have formed at considerably lower temperatures (≤20°C). High-temperature hydrothermal products including intergrowths of Cu-Fe-Zn-S intermediate solid solution and pyrrhotite were found in a mineralized xenolith from a subvolcanic level.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  South African Journal of Marine Science, 9 . pp. 43-51.
    Publication Date: 2020-10-13
    Description: The time-scale of colour/pH changes in the caeca of 196 longfinned squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii during digestion/absorption was tested at sea. Red, brown, dark, yellow, pale yellow and white were the recorded colours. The range of mean pH for these colours was 6,019-5,638. The time-span of the whole process in the field, at a mean pH being 5,756 for the dark yellow phase, 5,699 for the pale yellow and 5,638 for the white. It is suggested that sex, stage of maturity, size of animal, food type and meal volume have a negligible impact on the colour and pH in the caeca of the squid investigated and, therefore, on the duration of the digestion/absorption process of wild squid unter all circumstances, it requires further testing in aquaria as well as in the field.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-06-11
    Description: The diet of the emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Gray) in Amanda Bay, Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, was studied by analysis of adult stomach contents during part of the chick-rearing period from August to October 1986. The penguins consumed almost entirely fish, mainly Pleuragramma antarcticum (Boulenger) (78% by number and 78% by mass). Other fish species, cephalopods and crustaceans were minor components. These results and those of the only other two, geographically distinct, quantitative studies of the diet of emperor penguins suggest that the diet of this species varies through the effects of local topography and hydrology on prey availability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Coastal Management, 18 (1). pp. 65-90.
    Publication Date: 2016-12-01
    Description: Increasing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other gases are expected to cause a global warming that could raise sea level a few feet in the next century. This paper examines four options by which barrier-island communities could respond, focussing on Long Beach Island, New Jersey. For the next few decades, the most common response will probably be to raise the islands in place by pumping sand onto beaches and building lots. Eventually, as costs increase, many communities may accept a gradual landward retreat. Nevertheless, federal agencies that encourage risky development, state agencies that discourage it, residents who feel entitled to subsidized coastal protection, and environmentalists insensitive to constitutional property rights will all have to compromise for a rational solution to be possible. Local officials on barrier islands should begin to hold public meetings to develop a public consensus on the appropriate response to sea level rise.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Cambridge Univ. Press
    In:  In: Planetary mapping. , ed. by Greeley, R. and Batson, R. M. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, pp. 208-260. ISBN 0-521-30774-0
    Publication Date: 2018-10-17
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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