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  • Articles  (7)
  • Nepal  (4)
  • Environmental planning  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 1989  (7)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (7)
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  • Articles  (7)
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  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
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Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Productivity equation for reclaiming surface mines (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental management 13 (1989), S. 631-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Landscape architecture ; Environmental planning ; Postmine land-use design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This article addresses the development of an agricultural productivity equation for predicting new soil (neo-sol) plant growth potential in Clay County, Minnesota, USA. Soil factors examined in the study include percent organic matter, percent slope, percent rock fragments, hydraulic conductivity, electrical conductivity, pH, topographic position, available water-holding capacity, bulk density, and percent clay. Squared terms and two-factor interaction terms were also examined as possible regressors. A best equation was selected that had a multiple coefficient of determination of 0.7399 and has five significant regressors and intercept withP.0001. The regressors are hydraulic conductivity, percent slope squared, bulk density times percent rock fragments, electrical conductivity times percent rock fragments, and electrical conductivity times percent organic matter. The regressors predict soil suitability for a general crop model. The crops included in the model are wheat, oats, barley, soybeans, sugar beets, sunflowers, and grasses/legumes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874969
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local government policies toward environmentally sensitive areas in British Columbia, Canada; Washington and Oregon, USA (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental management 13 (1989), S. 443-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Environmental planning ; Environmentally sensitive areas ; Land use planning ; Local governments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract While there has been sustained debate on the issue of provincial and state versus local government environmental planning, maintaining privately owned natural resources in the public interest is increasingly viewed as beyond the scope of local governments alone. This paper describes and compares province- and state-level mandates and options for local governments (i.e., city, county, or district) to regulate land uses of environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs) in British Columbia in Canada and in Washington and Oregon in the United States. We define ESAs as landscape elements or places that are vital to the long-term maintenance of biological diversity, soil, water, and other natural resources, especially as they relate to human health, safety, and welfare, both on-site and in a regional context. Underlying similarities are that all three jurisdictions legally express the need for land-use planning by local governments in managing ESAs. Although all three jurisdictions exhibit similar problems in their attempt to accomplish this, ESA planning by local governments is an optional process in British Columbia and Washington but mandatory in Oregon. Furthermore, actual processes prescribed by each of the three jurisdictions are quite different. The information base upon which local regulation of privately held ESAs depends is variable, both within and between the province- and statelevel jurisdictions. Other than for some specific water-related resources, standard definitions and inventory methods for ESAs are lacking, as is coordination among local governments or among the province- and state-level governments. This study concludes that there is a need for a regional environmental information system in the Pacific Northwest based upon an integrated and scientific approach toward ESA structures and functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867678
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical orientations in environmental planning: An inquiry into alternative approaches (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental management 13 (1989), S. 381-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Environmental planning ; Planning theory ; Planning approaches
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In the process of devising courses of action to resolve problems arising at the society-environment interface, a variety of planning approaches are followed, whose adoption is influenced by—among other things—the characteristics of environmental problems, the nature of the decision-making context, and the intellectual traditions of the disciplines contributing to the study of these problems. This article provides a systematic analysis of six alternative environmental planning approaches—comprehensive/rational, incremental, adaptive, contingency, advocacy, and participatory/consensual. The relative influence of the abovementioned factors is examined, the occurrence of these approaches in real-world situations is noted, and their environmental soundness and political realism is evaluated. Because of the disparity between plan formulation and implementation and between theoretical form and empirical reality, a synthetic view of environmental planning approaches is taken and approachesin action are identified, which characterize the totality of the planning process from problem definition to plan implementation, as well as approachesin the becoming, which may be on the horizon of environmental planning of tomorrow. The suggested future research directions include case studies to verify and detail the presence of the approaches discussed, developing measures of success of a given approach in a given decision setting, and an intertemporal analysis of environmental planning approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867673
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A framework for classifying subsistence production types of Nepal (1989)
    Springer
    Human ecology 17 (1989), S. 147-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: subsistence types ; Himalaya ; regional analysis ; Nepal ; agricultural intensification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract This paper defines a four-tiered, hierarchical system for classifying subsistence production types in Nepal and uses the system to describe the subsistence communities of central Nepal. The system first divides Nepal into a grid of homogenous parts or “cells,” second, it divides, the cells into “ridge-valley slope sequences,” third, defines “production types” for the ridge-valley slope sequences, and, finally, distinguishes local “variants” of the production types. After describing these tiers, I apply these categories to the northern portions of the central and western development regions where I have done research. I then define how representatives of Nepal as a whole are the production types defined for the central and western development regions. Finally, the paper locates some completed studies within its framework.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00889711
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Motherhood and subsistence work: The Tamang of rural Nepal (1989)
    Springer
    Human ecology 17 (1989), S. 205-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: time-allocation ; pregnancy and lactation ; women ; subsistence labor ; seasonality ; childcare ; mortality ; Nepal ; agriculture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Minute-by-minute observation of individual women over the period of a year provides a reliable and valuable description of their daily activities. The extent to which Nepalese rural women vary their subsistence responsibilities during pregnancy and lactation is examined by comparing mothers with a non-childbearing sample. The remarkable behavioral similarity between the two groups of women when workloads are high is explained by reference to childcare practices and labor constraints prevailing in the community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00889713
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From zomo to yak: Change in a Sherpa village (1989)
    Springer
    Human ecology 17 (1989), S. 177-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: agropastoralism ; bovids-hybrids ; yak ; animal husbandry ; transhumance ; Sherpa ; Nepal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Transhumant herding of cow-yak hybrids is a specialization of Helambu Sherpa villagers living at altitudes between 7,000– 11,000 feet on the southern slopes of the Himalayas. Hybrids are ideally suited for the climate at this altitude, producing large quantities of rich milk for butter production. Focused on a village in east- central Nepal, this paper documents a shift by some families between 1971– 1989 from the longstanding pattern of herding hybrids to an alternative pattern of producing them. This involves learning to manage yak, establishing new transhumance routes, a switch from dairying to livestock production, and a variety of economic, environmental, and social repercussions. The two types of herding systems are described, and possible causes for the shift are discussed within the context of the economic options available to people in this environment. A special emphasis is placed on the flexibility of options that is both necessary and possible with transhumant agropastoralism as practiced by middle and high-altitude Himalayan peoples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00889712
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical links between settlement, ecology, and politics in the mountains of west Nepal (1989)
    Springer
    Human ecology 17 (1989), S. 229-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: Nepal ; settlement ; political economy ; cultural ecology ; development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract The paper presents a study of settlement processes in western Nepal. It emphasizes the linkages between settlement history, cultural ecology, and political economy as these relate to resources, marginality, and territory. Regional settlement trends are examined in accordance with land occupancy and tenure arrangements. Village settlement strategies are analyzed within a micro-processual framework that incorporates political economic perspectives on village land use and resource distributions. The past, present, and future roles of settlement in the human adaptation process of west Nepal's mountain populations is critically examined in the contexts of historical land policies and current rural political and environmental systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00889714
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