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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (498)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1985-1989  (498)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1988  (498)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A geometrical interpretation of the grouping and variation rate terms of Reynolds stresses in compressible turbulent flow is presented. Examples of applications of the method are also given.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20330 , NAS 1.77:20330
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The response of a tiny gas bubble under reduced pressure is investigated in its relation to cavitation. Equations of motion are formulated for gas mixtures inside the bubble and numerical calculations performed for several examples. The conclusions are as follows: (1) at the onset of bubble growth, the gas mixture inside it adiabatically expands and the temperature decreases. Condensed droplets appear inside the gas mixture due to a uniform nucleation and the temperature recovers, thus the motion of the bubble is apparently isothermal; (2) the evaporation and condensation coefficient largely affects bubble motions (maximum radius, period and rate of attenuation of the bubble oscillation) including the uniform contraction; (3) the oscillation period of the bubble is longer as the equilibrium bubble radius is larger when the surrounding pressure decreases stepwise. In this circumstance the temperature inside the bubble is kept constant due to condensation evaporation phenomena and is nearly isothermal; and (4) when the surrounding pressure decreases in a stepwise fashion, the critical pressure bubble radius relation becomes closer to that for the isothermal process if the bubble radius is larger than 8 microns.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20343 , NAS 1.77:20343
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The specific area of an aqueous foam contained in a tube is obtained by determining the fraction of the quantity of light emitted by a source and diffused by the specific area of the column of the foam. The velocity of the waves of weak pressure (which propagate in the air with the velocity of sound) is measured by noticing the moment when the wave penetrates the column and the moment when, having reached the opposite side, it determines a variation of the light diffused by the area of the latter.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20347 , NAS 1.77:20347
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  • 4
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Optimized cascade profiles for arbitrary applications were designed. The influence of Mach number, Reynolds number, and degree of turbulence were taken into account. The optimization aimed at maximum pressure increase, minimum pressure loss, low Reynolds number dependence, or large angle-of-attack range. Starting from the boundary layer form parameter distribution (by which transition point and separation point can be controlled) the velocity distribition and the contour were calculated. The profile characteristics were tested off-design and were improved. Interferometric measurements were performed in the transonic cascade channel.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20161 , NAS 1.77:20161
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: This work is an attempt to explain the reasons for the discrepancies between the theoretical and experimental values of bubble growth rate in an overheated liquid, and to provide a brief formulation of the main premises of the theory on bubble growth in liquid before making a critical analysis. To simplify the problem, the floating upward of bubbles is not discussed; moreover, the study is based on the results of the theory of the behavior of fixed bubbles.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20232 , NAS 1.77:20232 , JINR-P-13-3726
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: A comparison of flow separation in transonic flows is made using various computational schemes which solve the Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid mechanics. The flows examined are computed using several simple two-dimensional configurations including a backward facing step and a bump in a channel. Comparison of the results obtained using shock fitting and flux vector splitting methods are presented and the results obtained using the Euler codes are compared to results on the same configurations using a code which solves the Navier-Stokes equations.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-183119 , NAS 1.26:183119 , ODU/ICAM-88-102
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  • 7
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: A brief summary of the fundamentals of the Linear theory of flotation is given. The theory by no means contradicts the previous Laminar theory or even the thermodynamics (Wark-Siedler), rather it is a refinement of the known Hardy-Langmuir-Harkin conceptions for the case when there are not two phases and phase boundaries, but rather three phases and corresponding phase boundary edges. The appearance of such three-phase boundaries (ore, water, air) is characteristic for modern flotation methods.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TT-20278 , NAS 1.77:20278
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The paper presents a finite element procedure for solving the equations of compressible flow over bodies of arbitrary geometry. The numerical solution algorithm employed is an explicit two-step version of a second order Taylor-Galerkin scheme. The discretization of the computational domain into unstructured meshes of triangles in two dimensions and tetrahedra in three dimensions is performed by an automatic mesh generator. In the approach, the mesh generator is coupled to the finite element solver to produce an adaptive remeshing procedure.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics; Sept. 9-11, 1987; Louvain-la-Neuve; Belgium
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Recently developed second-order explicit shock-capturing methods, in conjunction with generalized flux-vector splittings, and a generalized approximate Riemann solver for a real gas are studied. The comparisons are made on different one-dimensional Riemann (shock-tube) problems for equilibrium air with various ranges of Mach numbers, densities and pressures. Six different Riemann problems are considered. These tests provide a check on the validity of the generalized formulas, since theoretical prediction of their properties appears to be difficult because of the non-analytical form of the state equation. The numerical results in the supersonic and low-hypersonic regimes indicate that these produce good shock-capturing capability and that the shock resolution is only slightly affected by the state equation of equilibrium air. The difference in shock resolution between the various methods varies slightly from one Riemann problem to the other, but the overall accuracy is very similar. For the one-dimensional case, the relative efficiency in terms of operation count for the different methods is within 30 percent. The main difference between the methods lies in their versatility in being extended to multidimensional problems with efficient implicit solution procedures.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics; Sept. 9-11, 1987; Louvain-la-Neuve; Belgium
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: In the computation of flow fields about complex configurations, it is very difficult to construct body-fitted coordinate systems. An alternative approach is to use several grids at once, each of which is generated independently. This procedure is called the multiple grids or zonal grids approach and its applications are investigated in this study. The method follows the conservative approach and provides conservation of fluxes at grid interfaces. The Euler equations are solved numerically on such grids for various configurations. The numerical scheme used is the finite-volume technique with a three-state Runge-Kutta time integration. The code is vectorized and programmed to run on the CDC VPS-32 computer. Some steady state solutions of the Euler equations are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-185313 , NAS 1.26:185313
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