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  • Drosophila  (36)
  • Wheat  (33)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae  (32)
  • Springer  (101)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1985-1989  (101)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1987  (101)
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Keywords
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  • 1985-1989  (101)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protective effect of vitamins against trichothecene toxicity towardsSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 886-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; trichothecenes ; mycotoxins ; vitamins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several trichothecene mycotoxins were shown to inhibit the growth ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae. This effect was most pronounced with the macrocyclic trichothecenes, especially verrucarin A. Much less growth inhibition was observed with T-2 toxin. Verrucarol, diacetoxyscirpenol, acetyl T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, T-2 tetraol and neosolaniol were inactive at a concentration of 75 μg of toxin per disc. Incubation ofS. cerevisiae with verrucarin A together with vitamins resulted in a decrease in toxicity. Pyridoxine-HCl, Ca-pantothenate, thiamine-HCl and α-tocopheryl acetate were amongst the most potent of the vitamins tested which reversed growth inhibition, overcoming the inhibitory potential of the toxins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951651
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of thiaminase II inSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 888-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Thiaminase ; thiamine ; thiamine antagonist ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary It was found that cell-free extracts ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae contain thiaminase II which hydrolyzes thiamine and thiamine analogs. The possible involvement of this enzyme and thiamine-synthesizing enzymes in thiamine production from thiamine antagonists is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951652
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg-laying strategy under natural conditions of Leptopilina boulardi, a hymenopteran parasitoid of Drosophila spp (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptopilina boulardi ; Cynipidae ; Hymenoptera ; parasitoid ; Drosophila ; Diptera ; field egg laying strategy ; functional response ; switching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le concept de réponse optimale d'un parasite vis-à-vis de l'hôte le plus favorable pour son développement demeure surtout théorique et n'a pu être vérifié que dans les conditions de laboratoire. Nous avons montré que Drosophila melanogaster s'avère être, par rapport à D. simulans, l'hôte le plus favorable pour le développement du cynipide parasite Leptopilina boulardi. Une étude sur le terrain a démontré que ce parasite présente une réponse fonctionnelle densité dépendante vis-à-vis de D. melanogaster et non vis-à-vis de D. simulans, avec un effet de bascule. D'autre part, il s'avère que ce parasite exploite beaucoup mieux son hôte, en évitant le superparasitisme, ceci étant démontré au laboratoire et dans la nature. Enfin, il apparaît qu'il est capable d'allonger sa période de ponte lorsque cet hôte est rare, ce qui ne se produit pas avec D. simulans.
    Notes: Abstract The hypothesis of optimal host species selection predicts that when a parasitoid has the choice between two host species, it will choose the species thay gives the best survival chances for its progeny. We confirmed this hypothesis by laboratory experiments with Leptopilina boulardi Barb. et al., a cynipid parasitoid which prefers Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (the host species most suitable for parasitoid survival) above D. simulans Sturt. As far as fitness parameters are concerned, the fertility of L. boulardi is higher with D. melanogaster; the egg laying can be spread out over a long period when this host is relatively scarce. This does not occur with D. simulans in which parasitic oviposition stops soon when this host is not abundant. Investigations of this foraging strategy were done under more complex natural conditions. We found that L. boulardi has a type III functional response with D. melanogaster only; furthermore, it seems that a switching effect may exist with this host. Parasitoid females appear to distribute their eggs more regularly on D. melanogaster, thus avoiding superparasitism. This seems to be independent of the relative frequency of this host. However, superparasitism of D. simulans did occur more frequently when this host was scarce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301752
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inoculation of field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Azospirillum spp. in Brazil (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Azospirillum brasilense ; Azospirillum amazonense ; rate reductase ; Inoculation ; Wheat ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three field experiments with wheat were conducted in 1983, 1984, and 1985 in Terra Roxa soil in Paraná, the major Brazilian wheat-growing region, to study inoculation effects of various strains of Azospirillum brasilense and A. amazonense. In all three experiments inoculation with A. brasilense Sp 245 isolated from surface-sterilized wheat roots in Paraná produced the highest plant dry weights and highest N% in plant tops and grain. Grain yield increases with this strain were up to 31 % but were not significant. The application of 60 or 100 kg N ha−1 to the controls increased N accumulation and produced yields less than inoculation with this strain. Another A. brasilense strain from surface-sterilized wheat roots (Sp 107st) also produced increased N assimilation at the lower N fertilizer level but reduced dry weights at the high N level, while strain Sp 7 + Cd reduced dry weights and N% in the straw at both N levels. The A. amazonense strain isolated from washed roots and a nitrate reductase negative mutant of strain Sp 245 were ineffective. Strains Sp 245 and Sp 107st showed the best establishment within roots while strain Cd established only in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280348
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition of wheat and barley straw treated with urea-sulfuric acid (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Wheat ; Barley ; Urea ; Sulfuric acid ; Straw decomposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Wheat straw treated with 0.5 or 1.0 ml/g urea-sulfuric acid (1:1 acid in water v/v) and incubated in Protneuf or Woodburn silt loam soils in the laboratory decomposed faster than nontreated straw the first 4–6 weeks but at 12 weeks the nontreated straw had decomposed 25%–45% more. In a field experiment, urea-sulfuric acid treated straw, removed at 40-day intervals over 160 days, decomposed faster than nontreated straw. The differences were attributed to salt buildup in the laboratory samples, where electrical conductivities up to 17.6 dS/m were observed. In the field, leaching removed the excess salts. Nitrification produced up to 1875 mg NO 3 − N/kg Portneuf silt loam soil in the laboratory, indicating that nitrifying bacteria were not suppressed by the salt. Total plate counts with no straw were 1.8 × 106 microorganisms/g and with urea-sulfuric acid treated straw were 15.7 × 106/g soil after 14 days incubation. The respective actinomycete counts were 0.3 × 106 and 6.7 × 106/g for the no straw and straw-treated soils, respectively. The urea-sulfuric acid treatments suppressed straw decomposition in the laboratory and accelerated straw decomposition in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270941
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of the G1-G0 transition and G0 protein synthesis by cyclic AMP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 577-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Cell cycle ; Cyclic AMP ; G0 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary When the cyr1-1 cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which require cyclic AMP (cAMP) for growth, were starved for cAMP, cell division was arrested at the G1 state of the mitotic cell cycle and the cells entered the resting state (G0) also observed in wild-type cells transferred to sulfur-free medium. The level of cAMP in wild-type cells decreased rapidly when the cells were starved for sulfur and subsequently increased following its addition. The cyr1-1 cells starved for cAMP preferentially synthesized nine G0 proteins. The synthesis of these G0 proteins in the sulfur-starved cells was repressed by the addition of cAMP. The RAS2 val19 or bcy1 cells, which produced an elevated level of cAMP or cAMP-independent protein kinase, did not synthesize the G0 proteins under the sulfur-starved condition. The results suggest that cAMP plays a role in the transition between the proliferating state and G0 state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368059
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced cellular resistance to ultraviolet light in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not accompanied by increased repair of plasmid DNA (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Inducible repair ; Plasmid transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many reports show that resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a large UV dose can be enhanced by pre-induction with a smaller one given some hours before. This work tests if such increased cell survival is associated with increased DNA repair on UV damaged plasmid transformed into yeast. There was no change in transformation efficiency of UV-damaged plasmid DNA under conditions where RAD cell survival increased 5-fold, and where rad1-1 and rad6-1 survival increased 2-fold. It is concluded that DNA repair activity involving the RAD6 and RAD3 pathways is either not inducible or is unable to work on plasmid DNA. It is suggested that the enhancement of cellular survival detected may be based on changes in cell-cycle behaviour which permit cells generally proficient in repair a greater chance to recover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355407
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic differences between induced and spontaneous 2μ-plasmid-free segregants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 2 μ plasmids ; Plasmid free segregants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The maximum specific growth rates (μmax) of 2 μ-plasmid-free ([cir°]) segregants of three haploid and one diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been determined and compared with the μmax of their 2 μ-plasmid-containing ([cir +]) progenitors. Two classes of [cir°] strains have been examined: those induced by transformation with a 2 μ-based recombinant plasmid according to the method of Dobson et al. (1980) and those isolated as spontaneous [cir°] segregants from glucose-limited continuous cultures. The μmax of the spontaneous [cir°] segregants was not found to differ significantly from that of their [cir +] parents. In all cases, however, the induced [cir°] strains had a μmax which was significantly less than that of their [cir +] counterparts. This effect was particularly marked in the case of the diploid strain where a 34% reduction in μmax was observed. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of the effect of the transformation process on host yeast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378186
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One member of the tRNA(Glu) gene family in yeast codes for a minor GAGtRNA(Glu) species and is associated with several short transposable elements (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 323-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Minor tRNAs ; Codon usage ; Transposable elements ; Delta ; Tau
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During characterization of the whole tRNA(Glu) family from the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we isolated one cosmid clone bearing a tRNA(Glu) gene copy that is deviant from the major tRNA(Glu3) gene members in only five positions. This divergent tRNA(Glu) is a minor species and is represented by a single gene copy. One of the nucleotide exchanges concerns the anticodon which is modified from T-T-C in the tRNA(Glu3) gene to C-T-C which implies that this tRNA serves the codon triplet G-A-G. Two other minor yeast tRNA species have been reported which appear to be particularly designed for the translation of those codons that have a G in its third (Wobble) position. The low abundance of such minor tRNA species correlates positively to the low occurrence of most of the N-N-G codons in yeast. Furthermore, the GAGtRNA(Glu) locus represents another case of the general phenomenon in which the majority of the tRNA genes in yeast are associated with one or several transposable elements forming complex patterns. In this particular case, divergent segments of delta and tau are present in the 5′ flanking region of the tRNA gene and arranged in a novel configuration. The sequence data lend support to the view that tau is not an evolutionary young element as was earlier anticipated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405754
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains sensitive to inorganic mercury (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 399-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Mercury resistance ; Tyrosine uptake ; Catabolite regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the HGS2-1 allele confers sensitivities to inorganis mercury (Ono and Sakamoto 1985) and to excess fermentable sugars such as glucose (Sakamoto et al. 1985); exogenous tyrosine antagonizes both inorganic mercury and excess glucose. In this sutdy, the inorganic mercury sensitive strain has been shown to have about twice more glucose-1,6-bisphosphate and slightly less pyruvate than the normal strains, suggesting that the inorganic mercury sensitive strain has the reduced aldolase activity. It has been also shown that the growth retarded cells accumulate trehalose, by which the lower level of glucos-6-phosphate in the inorganic mercury sensitive strain is accounted for, and that inorganic mercury, presumably excess glucose also, causes growth inhibition via depletion of cellular tyrosine. The mechanism how cellular tyrosine is depleted by inorganic mercury or excess glucose is accounted for by the facts that (1) the tyrosine uptake activity is decreased with increase of glucose concentration in growth medium, (2) HGS2-1 enhances the effect of glucose on the tyrosine uptake activity, and (3) inorganic mercury inhibits the tyrosine uptake system by binding to its SH-group(s). Thus, it is concluded that the role of tyrosine is not to detoxify inorganic mercury nor excess fermentable sugars but simply to counteract depletion of cellular tyrosine induced by them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378183
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