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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (943)
  • Organic Chemistry  (684)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1985-1989  (1,627)
  • 1987  (1,627)
  • 1
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    Review of results on Halley's comet (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Since its recovery in 1982, Comet Halley has been the focus of an unparalleled global scientific effort of exploration. Remote and in situ measurements were conducted from the ground, from earth orbit, from Venus orbit, from interplanetary space, and from the comet itself. Many discoveries, such as the presence of an unexpectedly large and dark nucleus or the abundance of organic material, have led to major changes in the ideas about the general nature of comets. In this report, results of various studies are summarized.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: European Regional Astronomy Meeting of the IAU; Aug 24, 1987 - Aug 29, 1987; Prague; Czechoslovakia
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  • 2
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    The M-type stars (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The papers in this volume cover the following topics: (1) basic properties and photometric variability of M and related stars; (2) spectroscopy and nonthermal processes; (3) circumstellar radio molecular lines; (4) circumstellar shells, the formation of grains, and radiation transfer; (5) mass loss; (6) circumstellar chemistry; (7) thermal atmospheric models; (8) quasi-thermal models; (9) observations on the atmospheres of M dwarfs; and (1) theoretical work on M dwarfs.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-SP-492 , NAS 1.21:492 , LC-87-11340
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    A 3-D computational model for solar wind/magnetosphere interactions - Prediction of polar flattening of Jupiter and Saturn magnetospheres (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The development of a computational model for determining the solution of the gasdynamic portion of the gasdynamic convected magnetic field model for solar wind flow past three-dimensional magnetoionopauses of nonaxisymmetric shape is described. Results are presented for the shape of the bow wave and the flow properties in magnetosheaths of polar flattened magnetopauses representative of Jupiter and Saturn. Through a parametric study in which the amount of polar flattening is varied, a quantitative determination is obtained of the degree of flattening at both Jupiter and Saturn. These new three-dimensional results are shown to be in good agreement with observations, and account for most of the differences between the observations and the axisymmetric model results.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 87-1411
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Zhamanshin meteor crater (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A historical survey and geographic, geologic and geophysical characteristics, the results of many years of study of the Zhamanshin meteor crater in the Northern Aral region, are reported. From this data the likely initial configuration and cause of formation of the crater are reconstructed. Petrographic and mineralogical analyses are given of the brecciated and remelted rocks, of the zhamanshinites and irgizite tektites in particular. The impact melting, dispersion and quenching processes resulting in tektite formation are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-88531 , NAS 1.15:88531
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Anharmonicity and the interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon infrared emission spectrum (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The hypothesis that interstellar infrared emission originates from vibrationally excited polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) requires that emission can arise from all vibrational levels that are energetically accessible. Due to anharmonicity, the emission from the upper vibrational levels is shifted to longer wavelengths from that of the v = 1-0 transition. It is shown that structure in the 3-micron region is readily and quantitatively explained by emission from upper vibrational levels of excited PAHs that contain a maximum of 20-30 carbon atoms. The asymmetrical broadening of the 11.3-micron emission band may also be due to anharmonicity.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 315; L61-L65
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  • 6
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    Thermal instabilities in diffuse molecular clouds - Formation of molecular cloud cores (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The stability of diffuse clouds to thermal instabilities is examined using the semiempirical cooling function derived by Tarafdar et al. (1985) for these clouds. It is found that diffuse clouds which obey such a cooling function are susceptible to thermal instability at densities n of less than about 70-80/cu cm. The growth rate for instability is large and the mass contained in unstable regions ranges from about 0.001 to 1 solar mass. It is suggested that such instabilities may trigger formation of molecular cloud cores of the type found in low-mass molecular clouds (e.g., TMC-2). Criteria for thermal instability in self-gravitating systems are also derived.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Letters (ISSN 0004-6388); 25; 4 19; 235-245
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  • 7
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    The nature of comets (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The large-scale structure, dynamics, and chemical composition of comets are examined on the basis of preliminary ground-based and space-probe data from the Halley return of 1986. Diagrams, graphs, photographs, and false-color images are provided, and data on Comet Giacobini-Zinner are included for comparison. Features noted include solar-wind interaction with magnetic-field draping around the head region, dramatic disconnection events, an irregularly shaped monolithic primarily water-ice nucleus and a dark surface, and dust with chemical composition like that of (H, C, N, O)-enriched carbonaceous chondrites.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Diffuse matter in the solar system: Comet Halley and other studies; May 21, 22, 1986; London
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  • 8
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    A review of cometary sciences (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: This paper presents an elementary description of comets and their nature. It deals with the contribution from comets to the solid particles that produce the Zodiacal Light and discusses the possibility that some comets in short-period orbits may degenerate into asteroids. The evidence suggests that this may well have happened for the Trojan and other of the outer asteroids but that the near-earth asteroids and the meteorites are largely not cometary in origin. The last section of the paper deals with the possible nature of comets and their origin such that some might become superficially indistinguishable from asteroids. Space missions are clearly needed, to answer some of these basic questions.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Diffuse matter in the solar system: Comet Halley and other studies; May 21, 22, 1986; London
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  • 9
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    Search for molecules in Comet Halley at millimeter wavelengths (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Data collected with the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory 13.7-m radio telescope are used to search for the possible CN parent molecules HNC, HC3N, and CH3CN in Comet Halley at millimeter wavelengths. Maximum relative abundances for HNC/HCN of 0.3, for HC3N/HCN of 0.4, and for CH3CN/HCN of 0.8 are obtained, showing that these three molecules are not a major source of the CN radical observed in optical and UV spectroscopy. Upper limits to the beam averaged column densities and production rates of these molecules are determined (in addition to an upper limit for the beam averaged column density for the formyl ion of less than 10 to the 11th/sq cm), providing important constraints for chemical models of the coma.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Cometary radio astronomy; Sept. 24-26, 1986; Green Bank, WV; United States
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  • 10
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    Cometary plasma - A review (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Results of spacecraft probing of Comet Halley and Comet Giacobini-Zinner are used to investigate cometary plasma processes and large-scale structure. Examples of tail phenomena are discussed, with emphasis on the observed disconnection events (DEs). The sector boundary/magnetic reconnection model for DEs of Niedner and Brandt, (1978) is shown to be consistent with the times of known DEs in Comet Halley as well as the magnetic polarity data available from interplanetary and near-earth satellites, and from solar data. Results of the present review have application to understanding of the solar-wind/comet interaction during the 1985-1986 apparition of Comet Halley.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Cometary radio astronomy; Sept. 24-26, 1986; Green Bank, WV; United States
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