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  • Adult  (25)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (25)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1985-1989  (25)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2019
  • 1986  (25)
Collection
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (25)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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  • 2015-2019
  • 1985-1989  (25)
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
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    Adult decisions (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soloway, A H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):442.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Drug Therapy/*standards ; *Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Patient Participation ; Social Responsibility ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Oligodendrocyte adhesion activates protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of myelin basic protein (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: When isolated adult oligodendrocytes adhere to a substratum myelinogenesis occurs. Investigation of the mechanism by which this happens indicated that the oligodendrocyte-substratum interaction activated protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of myelin basic protein and promoted the synthesis of myelin basic protein. In addition, when agents that activate protein kinase C (second messenger diacylglycerol or a tumor-promoting phorbol ester) were added to nonattached oligodendrocytes, they mimicked the influence of the substratum by inducing phosphorylation of myelin basic protein; and reagents that increase cellular adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) inhibited phosphorylation of myelin basic protein. Thus, at least in vitro, the interaction between oligodendrocytes and the substratum may mediate myelinogenic events, and phosphorylation of myelin basic protein may be an early requirement in the sequence of steps that ultimately results in myelin formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vartanian, T -- Szuchet, S -- Dawson, G -- Campagnoni, A T -- GM-07183/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-04583/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-06426/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Adult ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Cell Adhesion ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Myelin Basic Protein/*metabolism ; Neuroglia/*cytology ; Oligodendroglia/*cytology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/*metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Fertility in the United States (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: From the postwar high of 3.8 births per woman at the peak of the baby boom, the total fertility rate in the United States has fallen to 1.8, where it has remained unchanged for nearly a decade. This below-replacement level of fertility has, in recent decades, characterized most Western countries, some of which have shown declines to well below 1.5 births per woman. Were it not for the continued infusion of immigrants, the U.S. population, which already shows the aging characteristic of low fertility, would stop growing and begin to decline before the middle of the next century. The low fertility in the United States has been accomplished by a postponement of marriage and by the widespread use of contraception, with heavy reliance on surgical sterilization as a contraceptive method. Judging from the experience of other Western countries and from our own historical experience of two centuries of fertility decline interrupted only by the baby boom, as well as from the absence of social trends that would counteract those contributing to that decline, the prognosis is for a continued low level of fertility in the United States.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Westoff, C F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):554-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3532324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Birth Rate ; Contraception/history ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Fertility ; Forecasting ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy in Adolescence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Atrial natriuretic peptide elevation in congestive heart failure in the human (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-07
    Description: A sensitive radioimmunoassay for atrial natriuretic peptide was used to examine the relation between circulating atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac filling pressure in normal human subjects, in patients with cardiovascular disease and normal cardiac filling pressure, and in patients with cardiovascular disease and elevated cardiac filling pressure with and without congestive heart failure. The present studies establish a normal range for atrial natriuretic peptide in normal human subjects. These studies also establish that elevated cardiac filling pressure is associated with increased circulating concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide and that congestive heart failure is not characterized by a deficiency in atrial natriuretic peptide, but with its elevation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burnett, J C Jr -- Kao, P C -- Hu, D C -- Heser, D W -- Heublein, D -- Granger, J P -- Opgenorth, T J -- Reeder, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1145-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2935937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases/blood ; Female ; Heart Failure/*blood ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The neuroendocrine thymus: coexistence of oxytocin and neurophysin in the human thymus (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: Immunoreactive oxytocin and neurophysin were identified and measured by radioimmunoassay in human thymus extracts. Serial dilutions of extracts paralleled the appropriate standard curves. Thymus-extracted oxytocin and neurophysin eluted in the same positions as reference preparations on Sephadex G-75. Authenticity of oxytocin was confirmed by biological assay and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. In most instances, thymus contents of oxytocin and neurophysin were far greater than those expected from known circulating concentrations and declined with increasing age. The molar ratio of oxytocin to neurophysin in thymus was similar to that found in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system, which strongly suggested with the other data a local synthesis of oxytocin. These findings indicate the presence of neurohypophyseal peptides in the human thymus and further support the concept of a neuroendocrine function integrated in an immune structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geenen, V -- Legros, J J -- Franchimont, P -- Baudrihaye, M -- Defresne, M P -- Boniver, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):508-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myasthenia Gravis/physiopathology ; Neurophysins/*analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Oxytocin/*analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thymus Gland/*analysis/physiology/physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Growing focus on criminal careers (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1377-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Adolescent Behavior ; Adult ; *Crime ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Researchers grapple with problems of updating classic psychological test (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 19;233(4770):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; *Mmpi ; Male ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Age and infertility (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: Direct evidence on age patterns of infecundity and sterility cannot be obtained from contemporary populations because such large fractions of couples use contraception or have been sterilized. Instead, historical data are exploited to yield upper bounds applicable to contemporary populations on the proportions sterile at each age. Examination of recent changes in sexual behavior that may increase infecundity indicates that sexually transmitted infections, the prime candidate for hypothesized rises in infertility, are unlikely to have added to infecundity to any great extent. These results imply that a woman in a monogamous union faces only moderate increases in the probability of becoming sterile (or infecund) until her late thirties. Nevertheless, it appears that recent changes in reproductive behavior were guaranteed to result in the perception that infecundity is on the rise.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Menken, J -- Trussell, J -- Larsen, U -- HD11720/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1389-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; *Aging ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/*epidemiology ; Infertility, Male/*epidemiology ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Epidemiology of drug abuse: an overview (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-21
    Description: Issues regarding the use of epidemiology in drug abuse research are discussed and systems for monitoring national trends and identifying risk factors are described. Data indicate a general decline in marijuana use among youth, a cohort aging effect among heroin and marijuana users, and increased prevalence and health consequences associated with cocaine use.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kozel, N J -- Adams, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):970-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3490691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Cocaine ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Female ; Heroin ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Risk ; Substance-Related Disorders/*epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Antigens induced on erythrocytes by P. falciparum: expression of diverse and conserved determinants (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-10
    Description: Red blood cells that are infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum express new antigens on their surface. In a study of these antigens in the erythrocytes of naturally infected children in the Gambia, an antibody-mediated agglutination assay revealed an extreme degree of antigenic diversity. Serum samples from each of ten children in the convalescent stage of malaria infection reacted with infected cells from the same child but generally not with infected cells from the other children. The Gambian children's erythrocytes also expressed shared determinants: sera from Gambian adults often reacted with the surface of infected cells from all of the children and were shown by adsorption and elution experiments to contain antibodies that recognized several isolates. Conserved determinants exposed on infected erythrocytes may be important for development of antimalarial immunity either naturally or through vaccination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marsh, K -- Howard, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 10;231(4734):150-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2417315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Agglutination Tests ; Antigens, Protozoan/*immunology ; Child ; *Epitopes ; Erythrocytes/immunology/*parasitology ; Gambia ; Humans ; Malaria/*immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Neutralization of HTLV-III/LAV replication by antiserum to thymosin alpha 1 (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-30
    Description: An antiserum prepared against thymosin alpha 1, a hormone secreted by the thymus gland, effectively neutralized the AIDS-associated virus [HTLV-III/LAV (clone BH-10)] and blocked its replication in H9 cells. Reverse transcriptase activity and expression of the HTLV-III/LAV antigens p15 and p24 were inhibited by purified immunoglobulin G preparations of antisera to thymosin alpha 1. The antiviral activity of the antiserum was found to be due to a region of homology between thymosin alpha 1 and p17, a product of the gag gene of HTLV-III/LAV. Comparison of the primary sequences of thymosin alpha 1 and the gag protein revealed a 44% to 50% homology in an 18-amino acid region, between positions 11 and 28 on thymosin alpha 1 and 92 and 109 on the gag protein. The effectiveness of the thymosin alpha 1 antiserum and of immunoglobulin G-enriched preparations in blocking replication of HTLV-III(BH-10) in H9 cells suggests a novel approach to the development of an AIDS vaccine. A vaccine directed against the gag protein might overcome the problem of genetic drift in the envelope region of the virus and be useful against all genetic variants of HTLV-III/LAV.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sarin, P S -- Sun, D K -- Thornton, A H -- Naylor, P H -- Goldstein, A L -- CA 24974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 30;232(4754):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3010464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; Adult ; Animals ; Child ; Deltaretrovirus/*drug effects/physiology ; Gene Products, gag ; Humans ; Immune Sera/immunology/*pharmacology ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Rabbits/immunology ; Retroviridae Proteins/immunology ; Thymosin/*analogs & derivatives/immunology ; Virus Replication/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Psychotomimesis mediated by kappa opiate receptors (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-15
    Description: The kappa opioid agonists are analgesics that seem to be free of undesired morphine-like effects. Their dysphoric actions observed with the kappa agonist cyclazocine are thought to be mediated by an action at sigma-phencyclidine receptors. The benzomorphan kappa agonist MR 2033 is inactive at sigma-phencyclidine receptors. In male subjects, the opiate-active (-)-isomer, but not the (+)-isomer, elicited dose-dependent dysphoric and psychotomimetic effects that were antagonized by naloxone. Thus, kappa opiate receptors seem to mediate psychotomimetic effects. In view of the euphorigenic properties of mu agonists, our results imply the existence of opposed opioid systems affecting emotional and perceptual experiences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pfeiffer, A -- Brantl, V -- Herz, A -- Emrich, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):774-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3016896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anxiety ; Benzomorphans/adverse effects/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morphinans/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Personality Tests ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    The 1985 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Motulsky, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 10;231(4734):126-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3510453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/therapy ; Cholesterol/blood/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics/therapy ; Lipoproteins/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; *Nobel Prize ; Receptors, LDL/genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Involuntary smokers face health risks (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 28;234(4780):1066-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Positron emission tomography reveals elevated D2 dopamine receptors in drug-naive schizophrenics (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-19
    Description: In postmortem studies of patients with schizophrenia, D2 dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia have been observed to be more numerous than in patients with no history of neurological or psychiatric disease. Because most patients with schizophrenia are treated with neuroleptic drugs that block D2 dopamine receptors in the caudate nucleus, it has been suggested that this increase in the number of receptors is a result of adaptation to these drugs rather than a biochemical abnormality intrinsic to schizophrenia. With positron emission tomography (PET), the D2 dopamine receptor density in the caudate nucleus of living human beings was measured in normal volunteers and in two groups of patients with schizophrenia--one group that had never been treated with neuroleptics and another group that had been treated with these drugs. D2 dopamine receptor densities in the caudate nucleus were higher in both groups of patients than in the normal volunteers. Thus, schizophrenia itself is associated with an increase in brain D2 dopamine receptor density.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, D F -- Wagner, H N Jr -- Tune, L E -- Dannals, R F -- Pearlson, G D -- Links, J M -- Tamminga, C A -- Broussolle, E P -- Ravert, H T -- Wilson, A A -- Toung, J K -- Malat, J -- Williams, J A -- O'Tuama, L A -- Snyder, S H -- Kuhar, M J -- Gjedde, A -- 1RO1 53146/PHS HHS/ -- NS15080/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1558-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2878495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antipsychotic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Caudate Nucleus/*metabolism ; Haloperidol/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Receptors, Dopamine/*metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Spiperone/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Maturational changes in cerebral function in infants determined by 18FDG positron emission tomography (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-21
    Description: 2-Deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography performed in human infants during development revealed progressive changes in local cerebral glucose utilization. In infants 5 weeks of age and younger, glucose utilization was highest in the sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, midbrain-brainstem, and cerebellar vermis. By 3 months, glucose metabolic activity had increased in the parietal, temporal, and occipital cortices and the basal ganglia, with subsequent increases in frontal and various association regions occurring by 8 months. These functional changes measured with positron emission tomography are in agreement with behavioral, neurophysiological, and anatomical alterations known to occur during infant development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chugani, H T -- Phelps, M E -- 2P50-NS-02808/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 7ROI-GM-24839/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- IPOI-NS-15654/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 21;231(4740):840-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/growth & development/*physiology/radionuclide imaging ; Brain Stem/metabolism ; Caudate Nucleus/metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Child, Preschool ; Deoxyglucose/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability/metabolism/radionuclide imaging ; Thalamus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Youth suicide (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):127.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child Abuse ; Depression ; Humans ; Sex Offenses ; *Suicide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Lactate transporter defect: a new disease of muscle (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-05
    Description: New methods were used to identify the abnormality in a patient who showed evidence of neuromuscular dysfunction on extensive clinical examination. The methods revealed that the lactate content of the patient's skeletal muscle does not decline normally after exercise and that his red cells are defective in lactate transport. These results suggest that skeletal muscle and erythrocyte membranes share the same genetic lactate transporter (or a common subunit), which is deficient in this patient. This defect may be a common cause of elevated serum creatine kinase levels, as seen in the patient described here and of unexplained episodes of rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishbein, W N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 5;234(4781):1254-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Creatine Kinase/blood ; Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism ; Erythrocytes/analysis ; Humans ; Lactates/blood/*metabolism ; Male ; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters ; Muscular Diseases/*metabolism ; Physical Exertion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Quantitative analysis of D2 dopamine receptor binding in the living human brain by PET (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-17
    Description: D2 dopamine receptors in the putamen of living human subjects were characterized by using the selective, high-affinity D2 dopamine receptor antagonist carbon-11-labeled raclopride and positron emission tomography. Experiments in four healthy men demonstrated saturability of [11C]raclopride binding to an apparently homogeneous population of sites with Hill coefficients close to unity. In the normal putamen, maximum binding ranged from 12 to 17 picomoles per cubic centimeter and dissociation constants from 3.4 to 4.7 nanomolar. Maximum binding for human putamen at autopsy was 15 picomoles per cubic centimeter. Studies of [11C]raclopride binding indicate that clinically effective doses of chemically distinct neuroleptic drugs result in 85 to 90 percent occupancy of D2 dopamine receptors in the putamen of schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farde, L -- Hall, H -- Ehrin, E -- Sedvall, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):258-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2867601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/metabolism ; Benzamides/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Putamen/metabolism ; Raclopride ; Receptors, Dopamine/*metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Rodentia ; Schizophrenia/metabolism ; *Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Youth suicide: new research focuses on a growing social problem (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):839-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Depressive Disorder/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Research ; Sex Factors ; Suicide/*prevention & control/psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    How important is dietary calcium in preventing osteoporosis? (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):519-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Calcium, Dietary/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Obese children: a growing problem (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):20-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diet, Reducing ; Environment ; Humans ; Infant ; Obesity/etiology/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Genetic screening raises questions for employers and insurers (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2938255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Child ; Employment ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/genetics ; Insurance, Health ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; develop later in life or under certain environmental conditions raises many ; ethical concerns. Among these are the experimental nature of these tests, the age ; at which they should be offered to individuals, and the repercussions of ; disclosing test results to patients, employers, and insurance companies. At ; present, research is most advanced on the marker for Huntington's disease, and ; Massachusetts General Hospital and Johns Hopkins University Hospital soon will ; become the first institutions to offer screening for this disorder. Although ; Johns Hopkins plans to treat the results as confidential research data, many ; investigators acknowledge that it will be difficult in the future to keep the ; information from third parties. Kolata warns that now is the time to develop ; policies for handling data, before widespread genetic testing becomes a reality.
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    AIDS research in new phase (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-07-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):282-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3014650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/*microbiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Africa ; Animals ; Deltaretrovirus/pathogenicity ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Rabbits ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Isolation of a new human retrovirus from West African patients with AIDS (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-07-18
    Description: The etiological agent of AIDS, LAV/HTLV-III, is common in Central Africa but is not endemic in other areas of that continent. A novel human retrovirus, distinct from LAV/HTLV-III, has now been isolated from two AIDS patients from West Africa. Partial characterization of this virus revealed that it has biological and morphological properties very similar to LAV but that it differs in some of its antigenic components. Although the core antigens may share some common epitopes, the West African AIDS retrovirus and LAV differ substantially in their envelope glycoproteins. The envelope antigen of the West African virus can be recognized by serum from a macaque with simian AIDS infected by the simian retrovirus termed STLV-IIImac, suggesting that the West African AIDS virus may be more closely related to this simian virus than to LAV. Hybridization experiments with LAV subgenomic probes further established that this new retrovirus, here referred to as LAV-II, is distantly related to LAV and distinct from STLV-IIImac.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clavel, F -- Guetard, D -- Brun-Vezinet, F -- Chamaret, S -- Rey, M A -- Santos-Ferreira, M O -- Laurent, A G -- Dauguet, C -- Katlama, C -- Rouzioux, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):343-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2425430" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Adult ; Africa, Western ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/analysis/genetics/immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Retroviridae/genetics/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Viral Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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