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  • 1
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    Satellite measurements of sea surface cooling during hurricane Gloria (1987)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 326 (6111). pp. 373-375.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-03-02
    Beschreibung: Hurricanes and other strong storms can cause important decreases in sea surface temperature by means of vertical mixing within the upper ocean, and by air–sea heat exchange. Here we use satellite-derived infrared images of the western North Atlantic to study sea surface cooling caused by hurricane Gloria (1985). Significant regional variations in sea surface cooling are well correlated with hydrographic conditions. The greatest cooling (up to 5°C) occurred in slope waters north of the Gulf Stream where the seasonal thermocline is shallowest and most compressed; moderate cooling (up to 3 °C) occurred in the open Sargasso Sea where the thermocline is deeper and more diffused; little or no cooling occurred in shallow coastal waters (bottom depth less than 20 m) which were isothermal before the passage of hurricane Gloria. There is a pronounced right-side asymmetry of sea surface cooling with stronger (by a factor of 4) and more extensive (by a factor of 3) cooling found on the right side of the hurricane track. These qualitative results are consistent with the notion that vertical mixing within the upper ocean is the dominant sea surface cooling mechanism of hurricanes.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    News from a deepening hole (1987)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 325 (6104). pp. 484-485.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-18
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Unpleasant surprises in the greenhouse? (1987)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 328 (6126). pp. 123-126.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-10
    Beschreibung: There is now clear evidence that changes in the Earth's climate may be sudden rather than gradual. It is time to put research into the build-up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere on a better footing.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Palaeoceanography: Biomarkers for ancient climates (1986)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 320 (6058). pp. 107-108.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-01
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    A Lagrangian mixed layer model of Atlantic 18 C water formation (1986)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 319 . pp. 574-576.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-21
    Beschreibung: One of the most striking features of the upper North Atlantic Ocean is an extensive layer of water with temperature close to 18°C and salinity close to 36.5‰, (ref. 1). This 18°C water is formed by winter convection in the Sargasso sea2,3, but aspects of the annual rate of 18°C water formation remain obscure4. We have simulated this water mass formation by integrating a one-dimensional model along a 4-yr trajectory of a water column circulating around the Sargasso Sea. Winter convection is deep (≥200 m) in regions where the ocean suffers a net annual heat loss to the atmosphere, and shallow (≤lOOm) where the ocean gains heat each year. The origin of the thermostad (nearly isothermal layer) is a thick layer of nearly homogeneous water subducted beneath the seasonal boundary layer in the year that the water column passes through the line dividing annual cooling from annual heating. We estimate the annual production of 18°C water to be 446,000 km3 yr−1. Downstream, more stratified central water is formed each year at a rate that depends more on Ekman pumping (wind-forced convergence) than on the decreasing depth of winter convection
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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