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  • evolution
  • Springer  (16)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (16)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1985  (16)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (16)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1)
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (16)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Creativity in biology and in the human mind (Manifestation of Concepts) (1985)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 34 (1985), S. 3-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Keywords: anthropic principle ; creativity ; evolution ; insight ; manifestation ; mental creativity ; organismal creativity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systematics and evolution of holarctic Pierinae (Lepidoptera). An enzyme electrophoretic approach (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Pieridae ; Lepidoptera ; systematics ; evolution ; enzyme electrophoresis ; genetic differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Enzyme electrophoretic data show a remarkably high degree of genetic similarity within the European group ofnapi s.l. whereas genetic differences exist at several loci between the European and the North American taxa ofnapi s.l. It is concluded that the European taxa did not differentiate to the species level and form a phylogenetically young group. The North American taxa included in this study are specifically distinct from Europeannapi and separated much earlier. Within these North American taxamarginalis, oleracea andvirginiensis did undergo speciation. The data show a splitting of the genusPieris into three species groups, each genetically differentiated to the same level. The splitting ofPieris into two genera, as suggested by earlier investigators, is not supported here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02005856
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of sex and the role of sex in evolution (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1231-1235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sex ; recombination ; evolution ; parasites ; the Tangled Bank ; the Red Queen ; sex-allocation ; sexual selection ; sex determination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952065
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two theories of sex and variation (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1235-1245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sex ; evolution ; the Tangled Bank ; the Red Queen ; recombination experiments ; genotype × environment interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952066
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characteristics of the mammalian spleen indicating storage and release of red blood cells. Aspects of evolutionary and environmental demands (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Spleen ; red pulp ; storage ; release ; morphology ; evolution ; structural characteristics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02002608
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the evolution of the spleen (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 145-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Spleen ; evolution ; phylogeny ; ontogeny ; non-mammalian spleen ; mammalian spleen ; comparative macromorphology ; comparative micromorphology ; intralienal vessels ; extralienal vessels ; differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02002606
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex determining mechanisms: An evolutionary perspective (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1285-1296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sex ; sex determination ; sex ratio ; evolution ; animals ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Theories on the evolution of sex determining mechanisms are reviewed for male and female heterogamety, environmental sex determination, and briefly, haplo-diploidy and hermaphroditism. Because of their discrete and well-defined nature, sex determining mechanisms lend themselves to three types of evolutionary questions:what variety occurs and might be expected but does not occur,how do changes occur from one mechanism to another, andwhy do certain changes occur? All three approaches were illustrated for these different sex determining mechanisms. A generality emerging from these studies is that, at the level of selection on the sex ratio, there are no intrinsic problems in evolving from one sex determining mechanism to another: straightforward transitions between different mechanisms exist under various conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952071
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphoglycerate mutase isozymes in the lower vertebrates (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1471-1472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Phosphoglycerate mutase isozymes ; evolution ; gene duplication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme patterns from cyclostomata, cartilaginous and bony fish were analyzed. The observed patterns indicate that a duplication of a single ancestral gene coding for phosphoglycerate mutase took place during the evolution of the gnathostome vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01950042
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the G-genome donor to Triticum timopheevii by DNA:DNA hybridizations (1985)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 23 (1985), S. 125-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Triticum timopheevii ; Triticum speltoides ; G genome ; tetraploids ; evolution ; DNA hybridizations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In vitro DNA:DNA hybridizations and hydroxyapatite thermal-elution chromatography were employed to identify the diploid Triticum species ancestral to the G genome of Triticum timopheevii. Total genomic, unique-sequence, and repeated-sequence fractions of 3H-T. timopheevii DNA were hybridized to the corresponding fractions of unlabeled DNAs of T. searsii, T. speltoides, T. sharonensis, T. longissimum, and T. bicorne. The heteroduplex thermal stabilities indicated that, of the five species examined, T. speltoides was the most closely related to the G genome of T. timopheevii. Thus, T. spelotides appears to be the G-genome donor to T. timopheevii. The thermal stability profiles further indicated that the repeated DNA fractions from the five diploid species and the tetraploid T. timopheevii are more similar than the unique DNA fractions. This indicates that all of these species are closely related and that the sequences which comprise the current repeated fractions in the various species have not undergone any significant change since the formation of various species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499118
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of creatine kinase isozymes in Xenopus tropicalis, Xenopus laevis laevis, and their viable hybrid (1985)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 23 (1985), S. 73-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Xenopus ; creatine kinase ; isozymes ; gene duplication and regulation ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Starch gel electrophoresis of creatine kinase (CK) isozymes of Xenopus tropicalis shows that at least two different genes code for CK in this diploid (2n=20) species. These genes seem to be orthologous to the CK-A and CK-C genes of extant crossopterygian fish. Additional isozymes may be interpreted either as products of duplicate genes or, more probably, as epigenetically modified forms of the homodimers AtAt and CtCt, respectively. The originally tetraploid species X. laevis laevis (2n=36), which may have arisen by hybridization of diploid ancestors some 30–40 million years ago, has retained expression of all duplicate CK-A and CK-C genes. Differential expression during ontogenesis (CK-A genes) and in different adult tissues (CK-C genes) indicates that divergence occurred not only with respect to the primary sequence of these duplicate genes, but also with respect to the regulation of their expression. In the interspecific hybrid X. 1. laevis × X. tropicalis, all parental CK genes appear to be expressed simultaneously in the heart. However, several subunit combinations cannot be detected on the zymograms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499114
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral measures of drift inMus musculus (1985)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 15 (1985), S. 483-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: mice ; behavior ; domestication ; drift ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Three populations of randomly bredMus musculus, differing in size and generations of isolation, were scored on a battery of 16 behavioral and 4 physical measures. The pattern of population differences in wheel activity, open-field behavior, skin conductance, and shuttle-box behavior is consistent with the operation of drift associated more closely with small population size than with generations of separation. Other possible explanations are less likely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066241
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On evolutionarily stable sets (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 22 (1985), S. 105-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: ESS ; evolution ; game dynamics ; population genetics ; sexual populations ; strategies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract As an extension of the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) evolutionarily stable sets are introduced, i.e. sets of equilibrium strategies (EQS) which have much of the properties of an ESS. They are primarily used with evolutionary game models that allow a continuum of EQSs, none of which can be an ESS, but also include common ESSs as a special case. For a large class even of nonlinear models it can be shown that the standard dynamics converge towards some equilibrium point in an ES set if started within a neighbourhood of the set. Important applications of ES sets include e.g. mixed-strategist models and evolutionary game models in sexual populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276549
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific differences in differentiation and dedifferentiation patterns in the genusNicotiana (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 19-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Solanaceae ; Nicotiana. — Habituation ; differentiation ; crown gall ; tissue culture ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Differentiation on hormoneless media, habituation ability and crown gall induction inNicotiana tissue cultures have been used as physiological parameters of evolutionary differentiation between species. Some of them on hormone free media differentiated whole plantlets, others produced only shoots or roots or showed undifferentiated growth (habituation), some eventually died. Moreover, the same genotypes showed a differential behaviour as far as tumor formation byAgrobacterium tumefaciens was concerned. Particularly, the competence for crown gall transformation inNicotiana species seems negatively correlated with differentiation capacity and may be ascribed to differences in the plants capacity to synthesize growth regulators. The correlation between the results obtained and the phylogenetic position of the genotypes tested is finally discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418016
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequence of the soybean mitochondrial 18S rRNA gene: evidence for a slow rate of divergence in the plant mitochondrial genome (1985)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 5 (1985), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: evolution ; mitochondrial DNA ; M13 dideoxy sequencing ; ribosomal gene ; soybean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of the 18S rRNA gene from soybean mitochondria was determined and is presented here in comparison to the 18S rRNA genes from wheat and maize mitochondria. All three genes exhibit remarkable sequence similarity supporting the proposal that there is a slower rate of nucleotide divergence in plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as compared to the mtDNA of animals. A lower degree of sequence similarity is observed between the dicotyledenous plant soybean and either wheat (84%) or maize (85%) than between the two monocots (96%). A possible secondary structure for the soybean 18S rRNA is presented that is analogous to the proposed structure for the E. coli 16S rRNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020094
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequences of two bean mitochondria tRNAsTyr which differ in the level of post-transcriptional modification and have a prokaryotic-like large extra-loop (1985)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 5 (1985), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: evolution ; mitochondrial tRNA ; plant mitochondria ; tRNATyr structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two bean mitochondrial tRNAsTyr purified by RPC-5 chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis have been sequenced using post-labeling techniques. These two tRNAs only differ by three post-transcriptional modifications in the D-loop. They have a large variable loop and therefore resemble prokaryotic tRNAsTyr rather than eukaryotic cytoplasmic tRNAsTyr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037555
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary games (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 46 (1985), S. 605-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Game theory ; evolutionarily stable strategies ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with a mathematical game. As the name implies, the game concept is formulated with biological evolution in mind. An evolutionary game differs from the usual game concepts in that the players cannot choose their strategies. Rather, the strategies used by the players are handed down from generation to generation. It is the survival characteristics of a strategy that determine the outcome of the evolutionary game. Players interact and receive payoffs according to the strategies they are using. These interactions, in turn, determine the fitness of players using a given strategy. The survival characteristics of strategy are determined directly from the fitness functions. Necessary conditions for determining an evolutionarily stable strategy are developed here for a continuous game. Results are illustrated with an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939163
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