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  • Articles  (35)
  • Triticum aestivum  (22)
  • Potassium  (13)
  • 1980-1984  (35)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1983  (35)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (35)
  • Mathematics
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  • Articles  (35)
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  • 1980-1984  (35)
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by rice-wheat double cropping system as affected by duration of rice variety, methods of planting rice and levels and sources of nitrogen (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 287-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Neem cake coated urea ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Rice ; Rice-wheat ; Sulphur coated urea ; Urea ; Urea briquette
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Removal of NPK in the rice-wheat double cropping system was studied in a field experiment conducted for two crop years (1977–79) at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. The double cropping system producing 8×103 kg/ha/yr grain (4.5×103 kg rice and 3.5×103 kg wheat) removed 166 kg N, 35 kg P and 174 kg K per hectare per year. Thus the rice-wheat double cropping system heavily depletes the soils of their NPK content and calls for balanced fertilization for continued high production. NPK removal was higher when a 135-day duration rice variety was grown than when a 105-day duration variety was grown, because the former resulted in overall (rice + wheat) more grains and straw. Similarly grain and straw yield and NPK removal was more with transplanted rice than when sprouted rice seeds were sown on puddled seedbed; the latter method was in turn superior to direct drilling. Use of urea briquette, neem cake coated urea and sulphur coated urea gave higher yields and resulted in removal of more NPK than prilled urea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374787
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The search for and interpretation of genetic controls that enhance plant growth under deficiency levels of a macronutrient (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 72 (1983), S. 335-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcium ; Nutrient stress ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Root growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Techniques developed to measure growth of tomatoes and beans under limiting amounts of either P, K or Ca in solution culture reveal differences among strains. Genetic analysis permits estimates of gene action for control of efficiency and the isolation of improved segregants. The genetic isolates have value in studying mechanisms contributing to uptake, transport and utilization processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181972
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of high concentrations of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol on the growth and ion absorption in plants (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 75 (1983), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Absorption ; Barley ; Excised roots ; Multi-compartment transport box ; Phosphate ; Potassium ; Radioisotopes ; Translocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effects of high concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the absorption and translocation of K and P were examined using a multi-compartment transport box with excised roots of barley. The results were as follows: When no Ca was added, a high concentration of NaCl inhibited the absorption and translocation of K and P, although the inhibition of K was more pronounced as compared with that of P. The inhibitory effect of PEG was smaller than that of NaCl. On the other hand, the drastic inhibition of ion absorption and translocation of P was increased dramatically up to the control level by Ca, even in a high NaCl condition. The results, especially in the presence of Ca, are quite consistent with water culture experiments in the preceding paper15, which reported a less inhibitory effect of salt and water stresses on P absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02178616
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for basic homology between wheat and rye chromosomes (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hexaploid triticale ; Secale cereale ; rye ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; heterochromatin ; chromosome association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In the hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) cultivar Rosner chromosome 2R lacks the prominent heterochromatic bands of both telomeres. This modified 2R chromosome is capable of pairing in a high frequency with wheat chromosomes. It is hypothesized that the accumulation of heterochromatin at the telomeres of rye chromosomes may have contributed to the isolation of the wheat and rye genera by inhibiting pairing between wheat and rye chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036882
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Should selection for yield in saline regions be made on saline or non-saline soils? (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 431-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; T. turgidum ; durum wheat ; X Triticosecale ; triticale ; salt tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Saline soils are typically very patchy in their salinity. The yield of crops growing on them is similarly patchy. This paper argues that because most of the yield from such soils comes from the least saline areas, the best breeding strategy for improving the overall yield of crops growing on them is to select for high yield on non-saline soils. This conclusion derives from comparing the effects that four different breeding goals, namely: (1) a 10% increase in yield on non-saline soils, (ii) a 20% increase in the threshold salinity that first reduces yield, (iii) a doubling of yield at an electrical conductivity of the saturation extract (ECe) of 20 dS/m and (iv) a combination of (i) and (iii), would have on total yield. The effects of achieving these goals in barley, common wheat, durum wheat and triticale in fields exhibiting different salinities are predicted from actual yields of these species grown on different salinities in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021452
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between kernel color and protein content of hard red x hard white winter wheat progeny (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 617-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; kernel color ; protein content ; inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Utilization of high-protein hard red wheat germplasm in breeding high-protein hard white winter wheats for the U.S. Great Plains raised concern regarding possible genetic relationships between kernel color and protein content. Segregating F3 and F4 populations from reciprocal crosses and backcrosses involving high-protein hard red winter wheat cultivar Plainsman V and normal-protein hard white winter wheat line KS75216 were examined. Nonsignificant regression and correlation coefficients in the F3 generations of KS75216/Plainsman V, KS75216//KS75216/Plainsman V and Plainsman V//KS75216/Plainsman V indicated the absence of genetic relationships between kernel color and protein content. Therefore, despite the presence of genes for protein content and kernel color on the same chromosomes (3A, 3B and 3D), kernel color and protein content appeared as independent traits. A small but significant negative relationship between white kernel color and high protein in Plainsman V/KS75216 was attributable to the possible presence of alien genetic material in the parentage of Plainsman V. Chi-square tests indicated that Plainsman V is a mixture of genotypes for kernel color; most genotypes carry two dominant genes for red color and a few carry one or three. Genetic control of grain protein appeared to be complex. Partial dominance for high protein was indicated in the F3 generation but a generally continuous distribution and transgressive segregation also suggested other genes functioned additively. Heritability estimates by parent-offspring (F3-F4) regression were sufficiently high to ensure genetic progress in the selection of high-protein lines in the red x white wheat crosses. We concluded that development of high-protein cultivars is as feasible for white wheats as for red wheats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021475
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The character brown ear of bread wheat: A review (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 299-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; ear colour ; glume colour ; genetics ; linkage ; chromosomal location ; geographical distribution ; homeoallelic genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A summary of the brown ear character of bread wheat is presented. In most varieties this character is conditioned by a (semi)dominant gene identified as Rg on 1BS. This gene seems to be widespread, from the viewpoint of evolution, probably because it is an ‘old’ gene. There are no indications that the presence of the gene and hence the presence of a brown ear is advantageous or disadvantageous to the carrier wheat plant. Some linkage relations are described. More research is needed to establish whether all varieties with one gene for brown ear carry Rg, to investigate the varieties with a non-monogenic genetic system and to identify more associations between brown ear and other characters. It should also further be investigated whether within T. spelta another gene for brown ear is present and, if so, whether this gene is on chromosome 1AS and linked to Hgl, the gene for hairy glume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021438
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of plant physiology on Australian wheat breeding (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 743-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; plant physiology ; plant breeding ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Major changes in the behaviour of the Australian wheat crop over the last one hundred years have been associated with three major gene groupings. The significance of major genes in monitoring response to vernalization, photoperiod and gibberellin, reveals a more optimistic future for breeding programmes where simple genetic and physiologic studies are integrated within those programmes. A revised classification of growth habit is presented in the appendix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042154
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of root contact with short-chain aliphatic acids on later wheat growth (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 369-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetic acid ; Inhibition ; Wheat growth ; Tillering ; Root growth ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Studies were conducted to determine the effect of and duration of the effect of alliphatic acids on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling root growth, shoot growth, and tillering. Winter wheat seedlings grown in contact with unbuffered solutions of 2 mM or greater acetic or 0.5 mM or greater propionic or butyric acid for 3 days showed decreased root and, in general, shoot growth. Buffering the medium partially alleviated the problem. Removing the seedling from the acid medium and growing it in a nutrient medium resulted in accelerated root growth, compared with the control, while shoot growth was permanently inhibited during this study. Seedling wheat, grown with one root in contact with concentrations of acetic acid ranging from 0–16 mM and the other roots in aliphatic acid-free medium, grew at the same rate as the control. Seedling wheat grown for 3 days in 2 and 4 mM acetic acid medium showed a more rapid formation of the first stem tiller (T1) than did the control. Concentrations of 6 and 8 mM acetic acid appeared to delay T1 tiller formation through the first 18 days after germination, while only 10 mM acetic acid reduced T1 tiller formation by 30% 20 days after germination. The second stem tiller (T2) was not affected by previous exposure to acetic acid. The results of these laboratory studies indicate that short-term exposure of seedling winter wheat to short-chain aliphatic acids can result in permanent shoot and tiller damage and not in permanent root damage as previously thought. These results could explain the poor performance of no-till seeded winter wheat when growing through heavy crop residues that are producing shortchain aliphatic acids during decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181354
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the possible role of cation exchange capacity in the soil preference of mosses (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 77-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Adsorption ; Calcium ; Calcium carbonate ; Cation Exchange Capacity ; Hydrogen ; Magnesium ; Moss ; pH ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Soil preference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Moss species with a different soil preference with respect to its acidity and carbonate content also differ in their cation exchange capacity (leaf, stem, rhizoid), the acidiphile-calcifuges having lower C.E.C. values than the neutrophile-calcicoles. The higher the C.E.C. value, the more the divalent cations calcium and magnesium tend to be adsorbed as compared to the monovalents sodium and potassium, from an equinormal tetracationic solution. The increase in divalent adsorption is mainly due to calcium. Considering this differential adsorption of calcium and in view of data in literature on membrane characteristics, it appears that among the studied cations calcium is an important factor in the observed soil preference through its presence in the cell wall adsorbed fraction and thus in the membrane environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374752
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomic character of plant species in absorbing and accumulating alkali and alkaline earth metals grown in temperate forest of Japan (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 367-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Alkali metals ; Alkaline earth metals ; Barium ; Calcium ; Ceasium ; Lithium ; Magnesium ; Potassium ; Rubidium ; Sodium ; Strontium ; Temperate forest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Absorption and accumulation of alkali (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) and alkaline earth (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) metals were investigated as taxonomic characteristics (in 62 plant species). Leaf and soil samples were collected from 9 sites in temperature forest in Japan and the above mentioned elements were analyzed. Considerable differences were found among species in their ability to accumulate alkali and alkaline earth metals. Very high concentrations of Li (45 ppm, D.W.), K (37×103 ppm), Rb (159 ppm) and Cs (8.2 ppm) were detected inLastrea japonica which were about 412, 12, 27 and 6 times higher than those of the species with the lowest concentrations. Na content was high inAcer micranthum (358 ppm) which was 16 times higher than species with the lowest concentration. Other species containing high levels of alkali metals wereHydrangea macrophylla, Struthiopteris niponica, Clethra barbinervis. Mean discrimination ratio (D.R.) for all investigated plant species for Li, Na, Rb, and Cs to K were 1.7, 0.44, 0.9 and 1.8 respectively. High concentrations of alkaline earth metals Ca (36×103 ppm), Sr (345 ppm), and Ba (241 ppm) were found in the leaves ofHydrangea paniculata which were about 31, 84, and 72 times higher than those for the species with the lowest concentration. Mg was very high inStruthiopteris niponica (83×102 ppm). Other species with high concentrations of alkaline earth metals belonged to the genus Viburnum. Mean D.Rs. for Mg, Sr, and Bavs Ca were 1.0, 0.7 and 0.08. Principal component analysis of interrelationships between the mineral content in leaf tissues indicated that these elements could be classified into 2 groups with respect to their accumulation behavior in plants. The alkali metals K, Li, Rb, and Cs behaved similarly in their accumulation in leaves but Na behaved independently. Alkaline earth metals Ca, Mg, Sr, and Ba were also found to behave similarly in their accumulation. Factors scores of 1st and 2nd components revealed three groups of plant species: alkaliphilic, alkaline earthphilic, and neutral (non-accumulators).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374893
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic interactions in rice plants from dilute solutions (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcium ; Ionic interaction ; Magnesium ; Nutrient solution ; Oryza sativa L. ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Ionic interactions may occur as cation-cation interactions, anion-anion interactions, or cation-anion interactions. Greater knowledge of this subject is warranted, due to the intensification of agriculture, in devising efficient fertilization systems. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the interaction among P, K, Ca and Mg absorption by the intact rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants from dilute solutions. The uptake of P was independent of Ca concentrations up-to 250 μM Ca but-there was a small decrease at the higher concentrations. Absorption of K and Mg was stimulated in the presence of Ca ions at low concentrations. But K and Mg absorption was decreased at higher Ca concentrations. Increasing concentrations of K in the nutrient solution depressed P and Ca uptake. Magnesium uptake was stimulated at lower concentrations of K, but at higher concentrations it was also decreased. Similarly, absorption of K and Ca was also decreased with increasing concentrations of Mg. Magnesium at lower concentrations stimulated P uptake but at higher concentraions it was decreased. In the present study maximum growth of rice plants was achieved at about 250μM Ca, 260 μM K, and 33μM Mg in the nutrient solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374887
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant genotype differences in the uptake, translocation, accumulation, and use of mineral elements required for plant growth (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 72 (1983), S. 175-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Boron ; Calcium ; Copper ; Genotypic differences ; Iron ; Magnesium ; Manganese ; Mineral nutrition ; Molybdenum ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Plant adaptation ; Plant breeding ; Potassium ; Zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plant genotypes differ in their uptake, translocation, accumulation, and use of mineral elements. Examples of genotype differences to iron, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, and molybdenum are discussed. Current knowledge is sufficient to indicate that many crop plants can be improved for the efficient use of mineral elements and better adaptation to mineral stress conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181957
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient inflows into apple roots (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 71 (1983), S. 371-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Apple ; Calcium ; Copper ; Iron ; Irradiance ; Magnesium ; Manganese ; Nitrogen ; Nutrient uptake rate ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Scion effects ; Season ; Source of nitrogen ; Temperature ; Tissue nutrient level ; Zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The rates of uptake of nutrients from solution by apple roots were measured (a) in a root laboratory, using intact roots of mature trees growing under field conditions and (b) in controlled environment using young trees. Maximum nitrate inflows into Discovery/M.9 roots under field conditions were only slightly lower than those into roots of the same genotype in controlled environment, but up to 80 times lower than those into roots of Worcester Pearmain seedlings. At any given external P concentration, P inflows into roots of field-grown trees were about 2.5-times lower than those into the roots of young trees in controlled environment. Nitrate inflows were constant above a solution concentration of 20 mmol m−3 in both field-grown and small trees. In both cases, phosphate inflows increased linearly with solution concentration up to 10 mmol m−3. Among the various plant and environmental factors influencing nutrient uptake characteristics of apple roots were: the scion genotype, tissue nutrient levels, root origin, the form in which N is supplied, level of irradiance of the shoot, root temperature and the season of the year. The effects of these factors are illustrated with examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182678
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium use by corn, sunflower, and sugarbeet for the synthesis of organic matter (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 72 (1983), S. 219-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Corn ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Sugarbeet ; Sunflower
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A three-year experiment was conducted in natural conditions on chernozem soil to examine the efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium use by corn (C4 type), sunflower and sugarbeet (C3 type) grown in optimum conditions of mineral nutrition (N100P100K100 kg/ha). Plant materials were analysed for the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and dry matter mass per individual plant parts and the whole plant. Leaves of different age, of all three plant species, were analysed to find eventual differences in the efficiency of use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the synthesis of organic matter depending on leaf age. It was found that corn had the lowest concentration of the elements studied but the highest dry matter mass. In other words, corn was more efficient than sunflower or sugarbeet in the use of these elements for the synthesis of an organic matter unit. Such results were arrived at in both sets of analyses, i.e., the analyses of leaves performed in the course of ontogenetic plant development as well as the analyses of leaves of different age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181960
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional differentiation within the speciesDittrichia viscosa W. Greuter, between a population from a calcareous habitat and another from an acidic habitat (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 72 (1983), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcicole ; Calcifuge ; Calcium ; Dittrichia viscosa ; Magnesium ; Potassium ; Sodium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Dittrichia viscosa is a Mediterranean bush widespread on various soil types. It is shown that the plants from a calcareous habitat (G plants) and those from an acidic habitat (M plants) differ in their ability to accumulate various cations when growing in the same experimental conditions. On this acidic soil the G plants accumulate more Ca and less K than the M plants. On a calcareous soil the response is reversed; it is the M plants which contain more Ca and often less K. This behaviour on each of the soils is typically that of a calcifuge for M and a calcicole for G. The two types of plants also differ in their affinity for Mg and Na. The ubiquity of the species could well be explained at least partially by genetic differentiation in the ability of plants to select ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181969
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  • 17
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    Gains and losses in soil nutrients associated with harvesting and burning eucalypt rainforest (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 437-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Burning controlled ; Calcium ; Carbon ; CEC ; Eucalyptus ; Magnesium ; Nitrogen ; N. mineralisation ; Potassium ; Rainforest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In mixed eucalypt/rainforest in southern Tasmania, samples of surface soil 0 to 2 cm, 2 to 5 cm, and 5 to 10 cm were taken from a clear-felled coupe before and after burning in 1982, from a similar coupe after burning in 1979, and from an uncut area adjacent to each coupe. Factors compared were bulk density; total organic C, N, P, Ca, Mg, and K; pH; exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K; cation exchange capacity; extractable P; and N-mineralisation rates. The effect of burning was found to be restricted mainly to the upper 2 cm of soil. The combustion of organic matter caused losses of 7360 kg organic C and 211 kg N/ha; 348 kg Ca and 282 kg Mg and 151 kg K/ha were added to the soil in ash. Burning caused significant increases in pH, exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K, and in extractable P; cation exchange capacity was reduced. In the 6 months after burning only K was leached from the upper 2 cm of soil. Equilibrium levels of NH4−N increased initially after the fire, but between 6 and 18 months, equilibrium levels and rate of production of NH4−N during anaerobic incubation in soil of burned coupes differed little from that in adjacent uncut forest. Rates of production of NO3−N during aerobic incubation were very low throughout the period of study. It is concluded that for soils developed on dolerite in mixed eucalypt/rainforest, a single regeneration burn probably improves the nutritional status of the soil. Nutrients lost from the area as particulate ash are in quantities that will probably be replaced in rainfall in 15 to 20 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181361
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The acquisition of phosphorus byLupinus albus L. (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 391-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Intercropping Lupins ; Lupinus albus ; Manganese ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Significant interactions between wheat and lupins occur below ground and wheat intercropped with lupins has access to a larger pool of available P, Mn and N than has wheat grown in monoculture. This suggests that the wheat is able to take up nutrients produced or made available by lupins grown in association with it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374894
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cation fluxes in excised and intact roots in relation to specific and varietal differences (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 72 (1983), S. 197-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Allium ; Atriplex ; Cation selectivity ; Fagopyrum ; Halophytes ; Helianthus ; Hordeum ; Plasmalemma fluxes ; Potassium ; Potassium-sodium selectivity ; Salt tolerance ; Secale ; Sodium ; Suaeda ; Tonoplast fluxes ; Triticum ; Xylem parenchyma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In this short survey differences between species and varieties in the four major mechanisms that affect selective uptake of potassium and sodium to the plant within the root are considered. These include influx selectivity, K+/Na+ exchange at the plasmalemma, and selectivity at the tonoplast as well as at the symplasm-xylem boundary. The affinity of various plants for potassium influx in system 1 is rather uniform although varietal differences in barley have been observed. Differences are much more pronounced for sodium influx, for which Helianthus showed rather high and Fagopyrum rather low affinity. There is substantial variation between species in the efficiency of K+/Na+ exchange at the plasmalemma of cortical root cells; the three cereals Hordeum, Triticum, and Secale were highly efficient while K+/Na+ exchange in Atriplex, Helianthus and Allium was poor, even if the cytoplasmic sodium content was accounted for. Apparently there was no direct relation between salt tolerance and K+/Na+ exchange. The observed differences in the efficiency of K+-dependent sodium extrusion or K+/Na+ exchange were not due to the use of excised roots, they were observed also when roots of whole seedlings were investigated. At the tonoplast a 1∶1 exchange of vacuolar potassium for sodium has been observed in roots of Hordeum. By this exchange sodium ions are removed from the symplasm and potassium ions are recovered from vacuoles and thus made available for transport to the shoot. Indications for specific differences in this exchange have been observed; the exchange appears to be more efficient in Helianthus than in Hordeum roots. More comparative studies are needed here. At the boundary between symplasm and xylem vessels selectivity can be set up during xylem release of cations and there are reports that suggest a preference for sodium (Lycopersicum cheesemanii, Solanum pennellii, and Suaeda) and for varietal differences amongst tomatoes. Selectivity at this boundary, the plasmalemma of the xylem parenchyma cells was described in this paper by the selectivity ratio of transport that relates the rates of xylem transport to the cytoplasmic sodium and potassium concentrations. Based on this ratioAtriplex hortensis was shown to discriminate for sodium during xylem release while there was little selectivity in Hordeum and possibly some discrimination in favour of K+ in Allium roots. The data are shortly discussed in relation to salt tolerance and to the breeding of salt-tolerant crop varieties.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181958
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    Increased uptake of anions by plants with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 71 (1983), S. 463-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Anion uptake ; Barley ; Hordeum vulgare ; Mycorrhiza ; Phosphorus ; pH Rhizosphere ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In two field experiments sown in 1982 to test the effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) on growth and phosphorus nutrition of (i) spring wheat and spring barley, (ii) winter wheat and winter barley, we measured the concentrations of the major cation (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+) and anions (Cl−, SO4 2−, H2PO4 − and NO3 −) in shoot tissue. In all cases the sum of the anion concentrations (ΣA) was increased strongly by mycorrhizal infection but not by P additions, confirming earlier observations2 on spring wheat. The concentration of total cations (ΣA) was generally reduced by P additions, hence P and VAM both reduced the cation excess (ΣC−ΣA) but by different mechanisms. These results suggest that increased uptake of anions by plants with VAM may be a general phenomenom which would have important implications for the elemental composition of crops. The effect may also be manifested by other types of mycorrhizal association.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182687
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    Comportement dePicea abies Karst. en plantation au Québec, Canada (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 73 (1983), S. 17-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azote ; Croissance ; Nutrition ; Picea abies ; Plantation ; Potassium ; Sol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A nutrient-growth study was undertaken in 94Picea abies plantations, ranging in age from 20–31 years, in the L-3 forest region, Canada. Correlation analysis and canonical variable analysis indicated a positive relation between growth and the percentage of nitrogen and potassium in needles of the current year growth. By stepwise discriminant analysis, these two elements classify correctly 53% of the sites in the predetermined growth classes whereas combining all foliar characteristics tested classified correctly 59% of the sites. Adequate nitrogen and potassium nutrition is observed on plantations grown on soils with high levels of exchangeable cations and rich in silt and clay.
    Notes: Résumé Une étude nutrition-croissance a été réalisée dans 94 plantations dePicea abies, âgées de 20–31 ans, établies dans la région forestière L-3, Canada. Des relations positives ont été mises en évidence, par l'analyse de correlation et l'analyse des variables canoniques, entre la croissance et les teneurs en azote et en potassium des aiguilles de la pousse courante. Ces deux éléments permettent, par analyse discriminante progressive, de classer correctement en moyenne 53% des stations, au sein des classes de croissance prédéterminées alors que le total des caractéristiques foliaires analysées classe correctement 59% des stations. Une bonne nutrition en azote et en potassium est observée dans les plantations sur sols présentant une teneur élevée en cations échangeables et riches en limon fin et en argile.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197753
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    Chemical properties of soil and water-stable aggregates after sixty-seven years of cropping to spring wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 75 (1983), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Aggregate fractions ; Fatty acids ; Long-term rotation ; Triticum aestivum ; Water-stable aggregates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three non-replicated, unfertilized, dryland grain rotations—continuous wheat, wheat-fallow, and wheat-wheat-fallow—were established in 1912 on a Dark Brown Chernozemic (Typic Haploboroll) soil. The effect of long-term cropping on the chemical constituents of total water-stable aggregates was assessed. There was a loss in percentage of total water-stable aggregates and a shift in aggregate size distribution with time. Together with an increase in the 100 μm diameter fraction, there was an increase in the sand component of this fraction. These sand particles are probably held together by alkaline-soluble, acid-insoluble organic matter. Organic carbon, polysaccharides, polyuronides, phenols, and chloroform/methanol-extractable organic matter were all associated with the 〉250 μm diameter fractions. Although the aggregates had generally the same suite of aliphatic carboxylic acids, the relative proportions changed with cultivation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02178613
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    Crossability and embryo development in wheat-rye hybrids (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 593-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum durum ; durum wheat ; Secale cereale ; inbred lines ; intergeneric crossability ; embryo development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Crossability and embryo development were studied in the crosses of one Triticum aestivum and three T. durum genotypes with nineteen rye inbred lines. Parental wheat and rye genotypes exerted a significant influence on the characters seed set, number of seeds containing embryos and viable plantlets obtained from embryo culture. It was established that the common winter wheat cultivar Götz is of intermediate crossability. The rye inbred lines varied substantially in their capacity to fertilize several wheat genotypes. Interactions between wheats of different crossability classes and their seed set with rye lines were detected. Significant correlations were obtained between seed set and viable plantlets recovered in vitro.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021472
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    Reselection of hard red winter wheat cultivar Lancota for high grain protein content (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 607-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; protein content ; grain yield ; mixing time ; soil-borne mosaic virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Lancota has genetic potential to produce grain with higher protein content than most other cultivars grown in the hard winter wheat region. It has not consistently expressed full potential for grain protein content outside its area of development. Experiments were conducted to determine genetic variability for grain protein content in Lancota and to utilize that variability to select genotypes with high grain protein content. Approximately 1600 lines were screened to 37 high-protein selections that varied in yield, test weight, flour mixing time, blooming date, height, and reaction to wheat soil-borne mosaic virus (WSBM). Nine promising selections (KS80476, KS80478, KS80480, KS80488, KS80490, KS80491, KS80497, KS80499, and KS80500) had grain protein advantage over Lancota of 0.5 to 1.0% and equalled or exceeded Lancota in yield or test weight. Those selections were resistant to WSBM and satisfactory or better in mixing properties than Lancota. The highest protein selection (KS80496) had a mean protein advantage of 1.5% over Lancota but exhibited a short mixing time of 1 7/8 min. The absence of correlation between some years indicated strong environmental influence on protein content. We concluded that adequate genetic variability existed in the high-grain protein cultivar Lancota to select lines that express the high protein potential better than the original cultivar outside its area of development.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021474
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    Investigation of linkage drag in near isogenic lines of wheat by testing for seedling reaction to races of stem rust, leaf rust and yellow rust (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 319-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; linkage drag ; seedling resistance ; Puccinia graminis tritici ; stem rust ; Puccinia recondita ; leaf rust ; Puccinia striiformis ; yellow rust ; stripe rust
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To determine whether linkage drag had occurred during the breeding of near isogenic lines (NILs) of wheat, 176 lines involving 11 sets of NILs, their recurrent parents and some of their donors were tested for seedling reaction to stem rust (4 races), leaf rust (3 races) and yellow rust (3 races). From the results, six cases were identified in which linkage drag may have played a role. More research is needed to prove clearly that linkage is involved. Nevertheless, the results suggest that linkage drag is a fairly common phenomenon.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021440
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    The positive effects of the high molecular weight subunits 3+10 and 2* of glutenin on the bread-making quality of wheat cultivars (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 735-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat, glutenin ; high-molecular-weight subunits ; SDS-PAGE ; SDS-sedimentation test ; baking quality selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The high-molecular-weight subunit composition of glutenin is regulated by genes on the long arm of the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes. Evidence is presented that in general the bread-making quality of wheat cultivars containing the subunits 3+10 coded for by chromosome 1D or the subunit 2* coded for by chromosome 1A is higher than that of cultivars containing their allelic counterparts the subunits 2+11 or subunit 1 and the null form respectively. Besides it is shown that the positive effects of the subunits 3+10 and subunit 2* are additive.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042153
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    A rapid method for the evaluation of variation in germplasm collections of cereals using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 877-883 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum turgidum ; Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; chemotypes ; electrophoresis ; variation ; prolamines ; gliadins ; hordeins ; electrophoregram ; genetic resources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of storage proteins (prolamines) was used to screen 64 landraces of wheat and barley from Nepal and the YemenArab Republic and two cultivars for comparison. Altogether 3168 single seeds were examined and the advantages gained by using the vertical slab gel method were recognised. The extent of variation present within populations of landraces could be assessed easily and rapidly using the methods described. Differences in ploidy levels of wheats were detected by PAGE and investigated. Suggestions are made for improvements in sampling strategies in hilly terrain.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042169
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    Effects of crop residues, soil type and temperature on emergence and early growth of wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 101-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Crop residue ; Root growth ; Shoot growth ; Soil types ; Temperature ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two controlled environment experiments were conducted to examine the germination and early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Songlen) growing under crop residues of rape, sorghum, field pea and wheat. Additional treamments also included were soil type (Lithic Vertic Ustochrept and Plinthustalf) and temperature (8°C and 24°C to simulate winter and autumn sowing conditions). At low temperature, wheat and sorghum residues produced the most adverse effects on germination with all residues reducing emergence at high temperatures. Shoot lengths were also reduced by most residues at high temperatures whilst root lengths and shoot and root dry weights were unaffected by residue treatments. These results suggest major phytotoxic effects of residues during early growth (up to 14 days after sowing) with, in general, few interactions with soil type or temperature.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02178745
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    Growth and mineral composition of barley and wheat across sequences of Solonetzic soil (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Barley ; Hordeum vulgare ; Mineral composition ; Na−K interaction ; Solonetzic soil ; Solonetz-Solod sequence ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The growth and mineral composition of barley and wheat was measured across sequences of Solonetz and Solod soils. Growth of both species, along with root penetration was reduced on the Solonetz compared to the Solod soil. Mineral composition of the foliage and roots indicated that a Na−K interaction was present for the barley across the Solonetz-Solod sequences. Such factors were considered to be characteristics of soil—plant relationships on Solonetzic soils.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143613
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    The influence of certain chromosomes of the hexaploid wheat cultivar Thatcher on time to ear emergence in Chinese Spring (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; chromosome substitution lines ; vernalization ; ear emergence ; basic development rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The influence of vernalization on days to ear emergence in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) was examined in five Chinese Spring/Thatcher (CS/T) chromosome substitution lines. CS/T 5A and 5D were similar to normal Chinese Spring in days to ear emergence after all periods of vernalization while CS/T 3B and 5B were similar after some, but significantly earlier after other periods of vernalization When compared with Chinese Spring. In both the unvernalized condition and when vernalization did not limit development rate CS/T 7B was faster to ear emergence than Chinese Spring. These results are discussed in relation to the known chromosomal and genetical control of vernalization response.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036871
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    The dynamics of shattering in maturing wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; shattering ; awns ; height
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Temporal changes in shattering losses of 14 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were studied in an irrigated environment. The lines ranged in height from 68 to 98 cm; eight lines were fully awned while five were not. Shattered kernels were gathered at weekly intervals for 6 wk; samping commenced at 30 to 40% kernel moisture and continued for 3 wk beyond harvest ripeness (14.5% moisture). Shattering loss, expressed as a percentage of yield, ranged from 3.25 to 17.3% over the 6 wk period. Awnedness was not a factor in shattering susceptibility of the genotypes studied. Both the most and least shattering resistant lines in this study were awnless. There was a nonsignificant correlation between shattering losses and plant height. It was concluded that a single quantitative measurement of shattering loss at or after harvest ripeness (14.5% moisture) would provide an adequate measure of shattering susceptibility.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036883
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    Inheritance of physiological characters associated with yield variation in bread wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 241-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; physiology ; grain yield ; inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Post anthesis physiological characters were examined in four genotypes and a diallel set of their progenies. Variation in total carbon uptake by photosynthetic tissue above the flag leaf node was primarily related to leaf area and ear size differences during the early grain filling period. Flag leaf apparent photosynthetic rates during the late grain filling period were closely correlated with flag leaf chorophyl levels. During the period of rapid growth, genotypes differed in the proportion and total quantity of current assimilate translocated to the grain. Total rather than proportional translocation was correlated with grain number and grain yield. Differences in total grain protein were primarily related to total plant nitrogen at anthesis and secondarily to the proportion of this nitrogen translocated to the grain. The level of post anthesis nitrate reductase activity decreased with increasing flag leaf age, but genotypic differences were not closely related to differences in total grain protein contents. Significant general combining ability effects were found for flag leaf chlorophyll levels, flag leaf photosynthetic rates at higher illuminances during the late grain filling period, total plant carbon uptake, total ear carbon uptake, and proportional carbon translocation to the grain. A preponderance of significant general combining ability variances suggests that additive gene action is of particular importance in the inheritance of these physiological characters.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036885
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    Land-races of wheat from the northern Negev in Israel (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 257-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum durum ; durum wheat ; Triticum compactum ; collection ; germplasm ; land-races ; local varieties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Wheat has traditionally been grown by the Beduin population in the semi-arid (150 to 200 mm, mean total annual rainfall) northern Negev region of Israel. A collection was made in this area (the size of which is 150 km2) from small (0.1 to 0.5ha) fields of mixed wheat, resulting in 1553 collected spikes. Each spike was planted in a 1 m row at Bet Dagan, and grown under favorable conditions. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from each row. Qualitative data were submitted to hierarchial clustering and the results were compared with published information on the identification, classification and distribution of the land-races of wheat in the Middle East. Triticum durum was represented in 84% of the collection. It was clustered into 22 populations, identified as 11 known varietas of T. durum. They were aggregated into five groups, similar to groups of old varieties recognized by Jacubziner (1932). While 38.5% of the collection consisted of T. durum groups villosa and sinaica, aboriginal to the northern Negev, it included also forms similar to several land-races found in the past in other parts of the Middle East. Each of the populations, and the durum collection as a whole, was very diverse for the quantitatively measured plant attributes. Triticum aestivum was represented in 15.6% of the collection, clustered into six populations. Most of the common wheat accessions were analogous to the old locally grown variety Hirbawi. Triticum compactum was represented in only eight accessions. The collection is now being evaluated as a potential genetic resource for durum wheat breeding.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036886
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    Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in grains at different ear positions in ‘gigas’, semidwarf and normal spring wheats (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 511-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; grains ; dry matter and nitrogen ; distribution within ear ; plant height
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Distribution and accumulation of dry matter (d.m.) and nitrogen (N) were investigated within ears of a semidwarf, a gigas, and a normal wheat genotype grown under controlled environments. A high harvest index was linked with a small pre-anthesis N-storage (and vice versa) but this did not affect N amounts in grains because of compensation by prolonged N uptake during grain filling. N distribution within and between spikelets roughly paralleled that of d.m. Nevertheless, the two processes appeared to be rather independent as became evident from comparisons of the time courses in and between the genotypes. Final distribution of d.m. and N within and between spikelets mainly depended on different rates during the linear phases of accumulation and less on the duration. Maximum of d.m. and N weights per grain as well as maximum of grain number were observed in spikelets below the middle of the ear axis. This ‘submedian dominance’ suggested a pre-anthesis determination of the accumulation potential of grains in different spikelets. N percentage within spikelets disclosed that N accumulation was hampered more than that of d.m. in those positions unfavourable to the latter process. This principal pattern was not affected by genotypes in spite of considerable differences in numbers and weights of grains.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021463
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    Components of partial resistance of wheat seedlings to Septoria nodorum (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 575-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat seedlings ; Triticum sp. ; Septoria nodorum ; glume blotch disease ; components of partial resistance ; multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Components of partial resistance of wheat seedlings to Septoria nodorum were measured in a glasshouse. Incubation period, infection frequency, latent period, lesion size, lesion cover, necrosis and unit spore production were recorded on 41 Triticum genotypes. There was no clear evidence of associated variation in components and multivariate analyses were used to elucidate such relationships. Factor analysis indicated that pathogen-induced necrosis, related possiby to toxin susceptibility, and unit spore production were major components of partial resistance to S. nodorum. Principal component analysis was used to characterise genotypes: associated with a continuous general resistance could be a high level of pathogen-induced necrosis or a high unit spore production, but rarely both in the same genotype.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021470
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