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  • Yeast
  • Springer  (14)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Annual Reviews
  • Copernicus
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (14)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1983  (14)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (14)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Annual Reviews
  • Copernicus
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (14)
  • 1960-1964
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    tRNA-rRNA sequence homologies: Evidence for a common evolutionary origin? (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 19 (1983), S. 420-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Yeast ; E. coli ; tRNA ; rRNA ; Sequence homologies ; Evolution ; Origins ; Coding mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many tRNAs ofE. coli and yeast contain stretches whose base sequences are similar to those found in their respective rRNAs. The matches are too frequent and extensive to be attributed to coincidence. They are distributed without discernible pattern along and among the RNAs and between the two species. They occur in loops as well as in stems, among both conserved and non-conserved regions. Their distributions suggest that they reflect common ancestral origins rather than common functions, and that they represent true homologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02102317
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast and nuclear DNA fragments from Chlamydomonas promoting high frequency transformation of yeast (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 473-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ars sequences ; Yeast ; Chlamydomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A hybrid plasmid (pLG4) containing pBR325 and the yeast arg4 gene was constructed then used to isolate DNA fragments of Chlamydomonas able to promote high frequency transformation of yeast. Three plasmids containing EcoRI restriction fragments of chloroplast DNA and two plasmids containing Aval fragments of nuclear DNA were shown to support autonomous replication of plasmids in yeast. The three EcoRI fragments correspond to restriction fragments R4, R5 and R11 of native chloroplast DNA. These fragments are clustered in the physical map of chloroplast DNA constructed by Rochaix (1978). All isolated plasmids were shown to transform yeast at high frequency but the yeast transformants were quite unstable mitotically. Potential cloning sites are still available in the new plasmids which could be used as vectors in yeast and possibly in Chlamydomonas itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377613
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombinational analysis of oxi2 mutants and preliminary analysis of their translation products in S. cerevisiae (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; Mitochondria ; Intragenic recombination ; Mutant polypeptides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genetic and biochemical studies were performed with mutants allocated to the mitochondrial oxi2 gene. Recombinational analysis of 19 oxi2 mutants was performed using α and a mutant strains derived from the same genetic background. The frequencies of wild-type recombinants in oxi2 − × oxi2 − crosses varied from 0.002 to 17%. The map of oxi2 mutations constructed on the basis of these frequencies shows many internal inconsistencies. In the course of rho − deletion mapping five classes of oxi2 mutations were distinguished. The results of deletion analysis are in agreement with those of recombinational mapping. The analysis of mitochondrial translation products by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis of 20 oxi2 mutants shows that 17 of them are connected with conspicuous changes of 22 kd polypeptide band corresponding to subunit III of cytochrome oxidase. At least four of them carried instead of subunit III clearly visible significantly shorter polypeptides (12.8 to 20.1 kd). These were, most likely, shorter fragments of subunit III resulting from chain termination mutations. Colinearity was observed between the lenght of new polypeptides and the positions of the respective mutations on the recombinational map. These data confirm hat oxi2 encodes subunit III of cytochrome oxidase and suggest that translation of the oxi2 gene is in the direction from V303 to V273.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00434894
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Arginyl-tRNA-Protein transferase ; Yeast ; Post-translational modification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase has been isolated. The responsible mutation designated ate1, was localized near the centromere of chromosome VII. It probably involves the structural gene for the transferase since residual enzyme activity in the mutant is temperature-sensitive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376073
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent heteroplasmic cells for mitochondrial genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 489-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Mitochondrial genes ; Yeast ; Vegetative segregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genes in mitochondria and chloroplasts segregate rapidly during vegetative reproduction. Models to explain this vegetative segregation invoke either random segregation of organelle DNA molecules, or nonrandom segregation with random recombination events. All such models are basically stochastic. To look at vegetative segregation we took heteroplasmic (HET) cells containing mitochondrial mutations at the cap1, eryl and olil loci from several crosses. HETs were repeatedly selected and subcloned. Even after three to five successive subclonings (approximately 60–100 generations) some cells remained heteroplasmic. This confirms and extends previous observations of persistent HETs by Rank and Bech-Hansen (1972) and Forster and Kleese (1975), and by Bolen et al. (1980) for chloroplast genes in Chlamydomonas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377615
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of yeast DNA repair genes (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; RAD52 ; Cloning ; S1 and BAL31 Deletions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The RAD52 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has previously been shown to be involved in both recombination and DNA repair. Here we report on the cloning of this gene. A plasmid containing a 5.9 kb yeast DNA fragment inserted into the BamH1 site of the YEp13 vector has been isolated and shown to complement the X-ray sensitive phenotype of the rad52-1 mutation. The rad52-1 cells containing the plasmid form larger colonies than similar cells having lost the plasmid. This plasmid has been shown not to complement either the U.V. sensitivity or the recombination defect of the E. coli recA mutation. From the insert various fragments have been subcloned into the YRp7 and YIp5 vectors. Integration events of two of the subclones have been genetically mapped to the chromosomal location of RAD52, indicating that the structural gene has been cloned. A 1.97 kb BamH1 fragment subcloned into YRp7 in one orientation complements the rad52-1 mutation, while the same fragment in the opposite orientation fails to complement. Various other subclones indicate that a BglII site, within the BamH1 fragment, is in the RAD52 gene. This BglII site has been deleted by Sl-nuclease digestion and the resulting deletion inactivates the RAD52 gene. BAL31 deletions from one end of a 1.9 kb Sal1-BamH1 fragment have been isolated; up to 0.9 kb can be deleted without loss of RAD52 activity, indicating that the RAD52 gene is approximately 1 kb or less in length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365631
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and genetic analysis of yeast cybrids (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; Protoplast ; Cybrid ; Plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Data presented here demonstrate that fusion of protoplasts of two different haploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae having the same mating type leads to the formation of “fusants” and “cytoplasmic hybrids”. The nuclear and cytoplasmic genome of a “fusant” combine those of the parent haploid strains. The “cytoplasmic hybrid” possesses the haploid genome of one parent and the combined cytoplasmic genomes of both. In mouse cells lines such products have been termed “cybrids” and this term has therefore been adopted here (Bunn and Wallace 1974).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365683
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of yeast DNA repair genes (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; RAD genes ; Cloning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plasmids that complement the yeast mutations rad50-1, rad51-1, rad54-3 and rad55-3 were obtained by transforming strains that carried a leu2 marker and the particular rad mutation, with YEp13 plasmids containing near random yeast DNA inserts. Integration of these plasmids or of fragments of these plasmids was accomplished. Genetic studies using the integrants established the presence of the genes RAD51, RAD54 and RAD55 in the respective plasmids. However, a BamHI subclone of the rad50-1 complementing plasmid failed to integrate at the RAD50 locus, indicating that no homology exists between this fragment and the RAD50 gene. A BamHI fragment from the RAD54 plasmid was shown to be internal to the RAD54 gene: its integration within a wild type copy of RAD54 causes the cell to become Rad−; its excision is X-ray inducible and restores the Rad+ phenotype. Since cells bearing a disrupted copy of RAD54 are able to survive, we conclude that this gene is not essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365632
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of canavanine on the maintenance in yeast of chimeric plasmids containing portions of the 2-µm DNA plasmid (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 363-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Canavanine ; Yeast ; Plasmids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have found that the application of the amino acid analog canavanine to a culture of yeast cells transformed with chimeric plasmids based on the yeast 2-µm DNA plasmid increases the percentage of cells which have lost the transforming plasmid. This effect is found whether the plasmid carries the CAN1 sensitive allele and the yeast strain carries a can1 mutation confering resistance, or the plasmid contains no CAN1 allele and the yeast strain carries the wild-type CAN1 sensitive allele. Canavanine exerts this effect on yeast strains transformed with chimeric plasmids containing either a portion or the entire 2-µm DNA plasmid, yet canavanine does not appear to effect the maintenance of the native 2-µm DNA plasmid complement within the cell. The effect of canavanine on strains transformed with chimeric plasmids is the same whether or not the yeast strain also contains native 2-µm plasmid DNA. Neither the amino acid analog ethionine, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, nor the DNA replication inhibitor hydroxyurea exhibit this effect. Some of the experimental results suggest that canavanine may be a curing agent rather than an agent which selects for spontaneous plasmid loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445876
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamines enhance the efficiency of tRNA-mediated readthrough of amber and UGA termination codons in a yeast cell-free system (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 421-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; Polyamines ; Termination ; In vitro Translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of polyamines (spermidine and putrescine) on yeast suppressor tRNA-mediated readthrough of amber and UGA termination codons, in a homologous cell-free system, was examined. The efficiency of readthrough in a [psi+] lysate, mediated by exogenous suppressor tRNA, was significantly increased by polyamines as was the efficiency of endogenous UGA readthrough. The addition of polyamines, in the absence of exogenous suppressor tRNA, did not induce amber or ochre readthrough, nor could polyamines restore efficient termination readthrough in [psi−] lysates. It is concluded that polyamines interact with tRNA to increase the strength and specificity of the codon: anticodon interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377606
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal DNA sequences from Ustilago maydis promote autonomous replication of plasmids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1983)
    Springer
    Current genetics 7 (1983), S. 79-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ars sequences ; Ustilago ; Yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary U. maydis chromosomal DNA sequences which promote the autonomous replication of plasmid YIp5 in S. cerevisiae YNN27 have been isolated and three of them characterised in some detail. Their properties are idential to yeast ars sequences in that plasmids containing them are maintained extrachromosomally as circular double-stranded DNA molecules, are mitotically unstable in yeast transformants and transform yeast at high frequencies. There is no sequence homology between the three U. maydis sequences and they are not reiterated in the U. maydis genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365685
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on rapid reversible and non-reversible inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and malate dehydrogenase in wild-type and glycolytic block mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 134 (1983), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Carbon catabolite inactivation ; Yeast ; Malate dehydrogenase ; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ; Glycolytic block mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Experimental conditions have been elaborated to test for reversibility of the malate dehydrogenase inactivation (E.C.1.1.1.37) after addition of glucose to derepressed yeast cells. Malate dehydrogenase inactivation was shown to be irreversible at all stages of inactivation. In contrast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inactivation (E.C.3.1.11) remained reversible for at least 30 min after addition of glucose. Rapid reversible inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and irreversible inactivation of malate dehydrogenase were additionally investigated in glycolytic block mutants. Normal inactivation kinetics were observed in mutants without catalytic activity of phosphoglucoseisomerase (E.C.5.3.1.9), phosphofructokinase (E.C.2.7.1.11), triosephosphate isomerase (E.C.5.3.1.1) and phosphoglycerate kinase (E.C.2.7.2.3). Hence, neither type of inactivation depended on the accumulation of any glucose metabolite beyond glucose-6-phosphate. Under anaerobic conditions irreversible inactivation was completely abolished in glycolytic block mutants. In contrast rapid reversible inactivation was independent of energy provided by respiration or fermentation. Reversibility of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inactivation was tested under conditions which prevented irreversible malate dehydrogenase inactivation. In these experiments, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inactivation remained reversible for at least 120 min, whereas reversibility was normally restricted to about 30 min. This indicated a common mechanism between the irreversible part of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inactivation and irreversible malate dehydrogenase inactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407756
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient responses of yeast continuous cultures to qualitative changes in the nutrient supply. Induction and repression of the galactose pathway enzymes (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 135 (1983), S. 115-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Induction ; Catabolic repression ; galactose metabolism ; Yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Induction and repression kinetics of alphagalactosidase, galactose uptake system and Leloir pathway enzymes were studied in chemostat cultures by changing the medium feed from glucose (11 mM) to glucose and galactose (11 mM; 17 mM respectively) in the induction experiments; and from galactose (11 mM) or (111 mM) to galactose plus glucose (83 mM) in the repression experiments. Basal levels of alpha-galactosidase and glucose uptake could be estimated in glucose-limited yeast cells, but it was not possible to detect any glactose pathway enzyme activity. In the repression experiments under galactose-limited or galactose-sufficient yeast cells, alpha-galactosidase and galactokinase decayed with K d=-0.21h-1=-D; that is, synthesis of these enzymes ceased (catabolite repression). In contrast transferase and epimerase activities and galactose uptake, decreased with K d values of-0.33 and-0.54h-1, showing that these activities were also subject to catabolite inactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408019
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo 31P NMR studies on the role of the vacuole in phosphate metabolism in yeasts (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 134 (1983), S. 270-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Candida utilis ; Brettanomyces intermedius ; Yeast ; Glycolysis ; Vacuole ; Cytoplasm ; Phosphate compartmentation ; Phosphate transport ; Polyphosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 31P NMR was used to study the dynamics of phosphate pools during substrate utilization by aerobic and anaerobic suspensions of the yeast Candida utilis and by aerobic suspensions of the yeast Brettanomyces intermedius. In both yeast, the cytoplasmic pH was monitored; in C. utilis also the vacuolar pH could be measured. When glucose was used as a substrate for C. utilis, the vacuolar store of inorganic phosphorus (both orthophosphate and polyphosphate) was mobilized to replenish cytoplasmic phosphate which had become very low due to the build-up of high sugar phosphate levels. The hydrolysis of polyphosphate was glucose-dependent; it did not occur with ethanol as the substrate. After glucose depletion resynthesis of polyphosphate occurred only under aerobic conditions; anaerobic C. utilis cells continued to hydrolyze vacuolar polyphosphate. This difference between the aerobic and anaerobic suspension could be related to differences in cellular ATP levels. When ethanol was employed as a substrate, both Candida utilis and Brettanomyces intermedius exhibited a substantial increase in polyphosphate levels. These observations suggested a dual role for polyphosphate in yeasts both as a phosphate and an energy store. The cytoplasmic pH in C. utilis displayed characteristic responses to metabolic changes during glucose degradation. B. intermedius experienced a strong cytoplasmic acidification upon ethanol utilization due to acetic acid formation. The mechanism of transport of Pi across the vacuolar membrane in C. utilis appeared to be different from that reported for the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407801
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