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  • Articles  (269)
  • Chemical Engineering  (188)
  • Genetics  (43)
  • Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology  (38)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (264)
  • Springer  (5)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984  (269)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1983  (269)
  • Physics  (226)
  • Biology  (81)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic basis of oviposition preference in the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (1983)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 34 (1983), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Oviposition preference ; Genetics ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Hemiptera ; Lygaeidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Oncopeltus fasciatus von 6 verschiedenen Herkünften und deren F1 und F2 Hybriden wurde die bevorzugte Eiablagestelle untersucht. In drei Versuchsreihen erwiesen sich dabei alle an einer Lokalität gesammelten Proben als statistisch homogen. Ferner bilderen alle in Nordamerika gesammelten Proben eine statistisch homogene Gruppe, die sich von der puertoricanischen Herkunft unterschied. F1 and F2 Hybriden nicht puertoricanischer Herkunft unterschieden sich nicht wesentlich voneinander. Hybriden zwischen puertoricanischen und nordame-rikanischen Herkünften zeigten in F1 eine dominante Neigung in Richtung der puertoricanischen Eiablagepräferenz; diese Neigung verlor sich in F2. Aufgrund dieses Verlusts wurde geschlossen, dass die Eiablagepräferenz polygenisch bestimmt ist.
    Notes: Abstract Oviposition site preferences were examined in descendents of milkweed bugs collected in six geographic areas and in their F1 and F2 hybrids. Within an area, samples were stastically homogeneous in oviposition preference across three trials. All samples from within the continental USA formed a statistically homogeneous group and, as a group, were different in oviposition preference from the Puerto Rican collection. F1 and F2 hybrids with no Puerto Rican ancestry were not significantly different from each other in oviposition preference. Hybrids with Puerto Rican ancestry exhibited a “dominance” deviation in favor of the Puerto rican oviposition site preference in the F1 generation, but lost that deviation in the F2 generation. This loss was interpreted as evidence that oviposition preference in Oncopeltus fasciatus was polygenically controlled. Probable selection pressures affecting oviposition preferences in O. fasciatus and the advantages of polygenic control of this trait were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186915
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models of epidemics and endemicity in genetically variable host populations (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 17 (1983), S. 289-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Endemicity ; Epidemics ; Genetics ; Deterministic models ; Stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A discrete time genetics model is developed for populations that are undergoing selection due to infectious disease. It is assumed that the generation time of the host and infectious agent are non-synchronous and that only the host population is evolving. Two classes of epidemic processes are considered. The first class is for infectious agents that confer immunity following infection, while the second class is for those that do not confer immunity. The necessary and sufficient conditions are found in order for the disease to persist in a stable polymorphic host population. These conditions are shown to depend on the density of susceptibles, the selection coefficients, and the severity and class of the disease process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276518
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somaclonal genetics of rice, Oryza sativa L. (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Somaclonal variation ; Genetics ; Oryza sativa L. ; Rice improvement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inheritance and variations of some traits of more than 2,000 somatic cell derived plants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were investigated in the second and third generations (T2 and T3) of regenerated plants (somaclones). The percentages of multiploids occurring in somaclones ranged from 0–13.3 in nine varieties (or hybrids) of ‘Hsien’ (indica) group, but no multiploid was found in nine varieties (or hybrid) of ‘Keng’ (japonica) group. A dwarf mutant with the height of only 20 cm was isolated in the T2 of ‘Tai-Zhong-Yu 39’. Genetic analysis indicated that it was controlled by a single recessive gene. The frequencies of chlorophyll mutations probably controlled by cytoplasmic genes decreased gradually with the advance of generations. The variations of five quantitative traits — plant height, grain weight, etc. — in 950 T2 pedigree lines of four varieties were also studied. Only 24.4% of the lines were normal in all the traits studied. Variation frequencies of different traits were from 11.5% to 39.5%. And there was an obvious tendency for the plant height to become shorter, number of productive tillers to increase and 1,000 grain weight to be lighter, whatever the variety studied. Traits were uniform within each of more than 90% of all T2 lines studied. What is more interesting, variations phenotyped in T2 proved to breed true. Causes of somaclonal variations are discussed, as well as their potentials in breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303925
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of lectins in Triticum aestivum and Aegilops umbellulata by homoeologous group 1 chromosomes (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aegilops umbellulata ; Genetics ; Lectin ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Each of the three genomes in hexaploid wheat controls the expression of a specific lectin in the embryo. The chromosomes which control their synthesis were determined using nullisomic-tetrasomic and inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of ‘Chinese Spring’. All three wheat lectins were shown to be controlled by the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes. Using ditelosomic lines of ‘Chinese Spring’ the lectin genes could be localized on the long arms of chromosomes 1A and 1D. Inter-specific addition and substitution lines of Aegilops umbellulata chromosomes to ‘Chinese Spring’ indicated that chromosome 1U, which is homoeologous to the group 1 chromosomes of wheat, controls lectin synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303922
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The benefits of being gold: behavioral consequences of polychromatism in the midas cichlid,Cichlasoma citrinellum (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 8 (1983), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Amelanism ; Aggression ; Assessing mates ; Assortative mating ; Cheaters ; Chemical communication ; Coloration ; Context model ; Dominance ; Dummies ; Genetics ; Inhibition model ; Metamorphosis ; Nicaragua ; Parental care ; Polymorphism ; Sexual imprinting ; Visual communication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The midas cichlid,Cichlasoma citrinellum, occurs in the lakes of Nicaragua. In semi-turbid to turbid lakes about 8% of the adults are amelanic, having lost their melanophores at various ages, and are thus yellow through red and sometimes white. The commonest hues are yellow through orange, called gold. Gold morphs ought to be selected against because they are probably conspicuous to predators and they cannot communicate by changing markings. To maintain the polymorphism, gold coloration must have offsetting advantages. Gold morphs dominate normal ones of equal size, and that improves their access to limiting resources. Gold morphs, however, do not seem to be intrinsically more aggressive but rather attain dominance through the effect of their color on their opponents. This gold effect is affected by experience; it is enhanced by sharing the color of the dominant fish in a group, and by being rare. The midas cichlid mates assortatively but imperfectly. Choice of mate is influenced by color of self and of parents and can be constrained by size-color relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00001089
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residence time distribution of polymer melts in the linearly tapered coat-hanger die (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This article analyzes the average residence time distribution of polymer melt across the die width in a common linearly tapered coat-hanger die, which excells the T die but is a little inferior to the curvilinearly tapered coat-hanger die in residence time uniformity according to the approximated calculation of ten used. From another point of view, a linearly tapered coat-hanger die may be designed so that a desired ratio of the residence time through the die far end to that along the die center line may be imposed as one of the design constraints.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760230105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Filling thin cavities of variable gap thickness: A numerical and experimental investigation (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 20-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation is presented for filling thin cavities of variable gap thickness. The modeling is based upon a finite-element/finite-difference formulation for an inelastic power-law fluid and includes the effects of viscous heating and conduction upon the flow dynamics. Extensive results are presented for polypropylene and polystyrene melts injected into two variable-gap-thickness cavities, of which one has an insert. Good agreement is found between the predictions and measurements concerning the shape of the advancing melt front, the location of weld lines, and the temporal pressure trace at various positions in the cavity.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760230106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of compression mold filling (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A model is proposed for the flow, reaction, and heat transfer during compression molding of thin, flat parts. The isothermal Newtonian version of the model is implemented using the finite element method, and is capable of handling arbitrary planar geometries. Automated mesh expansion and boundary condition modification allow the simulation to run without operator interaction. The model accurately predicts mold filling pattern for non-Newtonian and non-isothermal flows.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760230204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical modeling of melting of polymers in barrier-screw extruders (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 86-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Some of today's modern screws contain melt-separating secondary (barrier) flights in the transition zone. With increasing utilization of barrier screws, the availability of proper and accurate design methods for the melting zone remains of paramount importance. A modified version of a mathematical model developed by the authors previously is applied to two most common types of barrier screws, viz. - The Mailefer screw (varying pitch and constant depth); - The Barr screw (constant pitch and varying depth). The present analysis provides valuable insight into the operating principles of these screws. A comparative study is presented demonstrating the possible advantages and disadvantages of the Maillefer and Barr screws in relation to conventional compression screws.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760230207
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760230301
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