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  • Forschungsdaten
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  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (243)
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  • 1
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    Sheet silicon cell/module technology (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The cost involved in the performance of the standard operations for the manufacture of silicon wafers is insignificant in the case of space photovoltaics applications. It is, however, a decisive factor with respect to terrestrial applications of silicon photovoltaic devices. In 1975, a program was, therefore, begun to develop low cost silicon solar arrays for terrestrial applications. The goal was silicon-based photovoltaic (PV) modules ready for installation at a selling price of $0.50/watt (1975 dollars). Sheet and ribbon silicon growth held out the promise of reduced cost through continuous operation, high material throughput, high material utilization efficiency, and a product whose shape lent itself to the assembly of high packing density modules. Attention is given to ribbon growth technologies, sheet technology generic problems, and ribbon cell and module technology status. It is concluded that the potential for crystalline ribbon silicon appears to be better today than ever before.
    Schlagwort(e): ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
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  • 2
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    Photovoltaic conversion of laser to electrical power (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Transmission of power in space using lasers will require devices for converting the laser power to electrical power. One such type of device for accomplishing this is the photovoltaic converter. This paper reviews photovoltaic converters and their application for conversion of monochromatic laser power to electrical power. Laser power densities greater than 1000 W/sq cm are considered. For a converter operated at 300 K a lower bandgap limit of 0.67 eV (1.80 micron) is defined. For ideal conditions, an efficiency of 47.8 percent is calculated for Nd/Liquid laser radiation incident on an Si converter. Several types of photovoltaic converters are discussed. Series resistance is identified as a major problem. Vertical multijunction converters are the most promising photovoltaic devices for use as laser to electric power converters.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
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  • 3
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    Space power system utilizing Fresnel lenses for solar power and also thermal energy storage (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: A solar power plant suitable for earth orbits passing through Van Allen radiation belts is described. The solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency is estimated to be around 9 percent, and the expected power-to-weight ratio is competitive with photovoltaic arrays. The system is designed to be self-contained, to be indifferent to radiation belt exposures, store energy for periods when the orbiting system is in earth shadow (so that power generation is contant), have no moving parts and no working fluids, and be robust against micrometeorite attack. No electrical batteries are required.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
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  • 4
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    Development of a rotary power transformer and inverter drive for spacecraft (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Many future satellites and spacecraft with spun and despun configurations will require the transfer of power across rotating interfaces in lieu of slip-rings and/or flexures. This is particularly true of spacecraft that have to demonstrate a long life expectancy. The rotary transformer has the desirable characteristics of high reliability and low noise, which qualify it as a potential replacement for slip rings. Development of a rotary power transformer follows the successful completion of a task to develop rotary signal-level transformers for the Galileo Spacecraft Project. The physical configuration of a rotary power transformer has a significant effect on its magnetic and electrical characteristics and therefore impacts the design of the dc/ac inverter driver. Important characteristics addressed during this development effort include: operating frequency, efficiency, transformer gap size, leakage inductance, and leakage flux. A breadboard inverter and rotary transformer were designed, fabricated and tested.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
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  • 5
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    Investigation of energy management strategies for photovoltaic systems - A predictive control algorithm (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The present investigation is concerned with the formulation of energy management strategies for stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems, taking into account a basic control algorithm for a possible predictive, (and adaptive) controller. The control system controls the flow of energy in the system according to the amount of energy available, and predicts the appropriate control set-points based on the energy (insolation) available by using an appropriate system model. Aspects of adaptation to the conditions of the system are also considered. Attention is given to a statistical analysis technique, the analysis inputs, the analysis procedure, and details regarding the basic control algorithm.
    Schlagwort(e): ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
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  • 6
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    Discharge characteristics of a simulated solar cell array (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Measurements of the transient characteristics associated with the discharge of a simulated solar array are presented. A capacitively coupled probe is used to measure the discharge current, and antennas are used to measure the electromagnetic radiation. Discharges were observed at low surface voltages and several modes of discharge were observed. The maximum discharge current is found to be 0.2 A. This value is several orders of magnitude higher than that reported by previous measurements. Experimental evidence suggests that the inverted voltage gradient is a very likely triggering mechanism for solar array discharges.
    Schlagwort(e): ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Materialart: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4311-431
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  • 7
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    Experimental and systems studies of the alkali metal thermoelectric converter for aerospace power (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Previously cited in issue 15, p. 2361, Accession no. A82-31876
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Materialart: Journal of Energy (ISSN 0146-0412); 7; 442-448
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Liquid fluorine/hydrazine rhenium thruster update (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The status of a fluorine/hydrazine thruster development program is discussed. A solid rhenium metal sea-level thrust chamber was successfully fabricated and tested for a total run duration of 1075 s with 17 starts. Rhenium fabrication methods are discussed. A test program was conducted to evaluate performance and chamber cooling. Acceptable performance was reached and cooling was adequate. A flight-type injector was fabricated that achieved an average extrapolated performance value of 3608 N-s/kg (368 lbf-s/lbm). Altitude thrust chambers were fabricated. One chamber incorporates a rhenium combustor and nozzle with an area ratio of 15:1, and a columbium nozzle extension with area ratios from 15:1 to 60:1. The other chamber was fabricated completely with a carbon/carbon composite. Because of the attributes of rhenium for use in high-temperature applications, a program to provide the materials and processes technology needed to reliably fabricate and/or repair vapor-deposited rhenium parts of relatively large size and complex shape is recommended.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Materialart: APL The 1983 JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, Vol. 1; p 85-90
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  • 9
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    An overview of the Goldstone Energy Systems study (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: A systems planning methodology was developed for analyzing and synthesizing Deep Space Network (DSN) energy systems. The resultant product, the Deep Space Network Planning and Analysis Methodology supports DSN energy planning evaluations. It addresses a broad spectrum of tradeoff and dispatching scenarios. It evaluates a variety of energy generation configurations and also includes a capability to evaluate conservation measures.
    Schlagwort(e): ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Materialart: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 135-141
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  • 10
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    Efficient computerized model for dynamic analysis of energy conversion systems (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: In searching for the optimum parameters that minimize the total life cycle cost of an energy conversion system, various combinations of components are examined and the resulting system performance and associated economics are studied. The systems performance and economics simulation computer program (SPECS) was developed to fill this need. The program simulates the fluid flow, thermal, and electrical characteristics of a system of components on a quasi-steady state basis for a variety of energy conversion systems. A unique approach is used in which the set of characteristic equations is solved by the Newton-Raphson technique. This approach eliminates the tedious iterative loops which are found in comparable programs such as TRNSYS or SOLTES-1. Several efficient features were also incorporated such as the centralized control and energy management scheme, and analogous treatment of energy flow in electrical and mechanical components, and the modeling of components of similar fundamental characteristics using generic subroutines. Initial tests indicate that this model can be used effectively with a relatively small number of time steps and low computer cost.
    Schlagwort(e): ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Materialart: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 161-176
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