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  • Articles  (8)
  • Osteoporosis  (8)
  • Springer  (8)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Institute of Physics
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (8)
  • 2017
  • 2005
  • 1983  (8)
  • Physics  (8)
  • Geography
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
Collection
  • Articles  (8)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (8)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Institute of Physics
  • National Academy of Sciences
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (8)
Year
Topic
  • Physics  (8)
  • Geography
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
  • Biology  (8)
  • Medicine  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole body and regional retention of99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate at 24 hours: Physiological basis of the method for assessing the metabolism of bone in disease (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: 99mTc-pyrophosphate ; Bone metabolism ; Osteoporosis ; Osteomalacia ; Hyperparathyroidism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The retention of99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate (PPi) at 24 h was measured in 235 patients, 119 of whom had a normal bone metabolism. The mean retention in the group of normal subjects is 52% of the injected dose. Reproducibility of the measurement in a given person is 5.5% coefficient of variation (CV). The value depends strongly on sex (higher in males) and age (higher with increasing age, especially in cortical bone). Retention increases slowly with the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 50 and 120 ml/min; it rises very rapidly with values below 50 ml/min. The slowing down of the GFR with age does not account for the increase in PPi retention with age. When expressed as a percentage of the expected value for sex and age, retention is frequently low in osteoporosis (P〈.001), more so when urinary hydroxyproline is low; it is normal or high in osteomalacia, and in some cases rises after vitamin D treatment is started; it is high in hyperparathyroidism (P〈.01). The PPi retention is correlated with bone calcium accretion rate, alkaline phosphatase level, and above all, the urinary hydroxyproline level. The lower the bone mineralization (Ca/hydroxyproline ratio in biopsy), the higher the retention value. We conclude that the PPi retention is an index of bone metabolism when GFR is higher than 50 ml/min. It allows for classification of metabolic bone diseases according to the bone turnover rate. It has the advantage over the usual biologic examinations in that it affords better observation of highly localized bone disorders and can be used in combination with a morphologic record, the bone scintigraphy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405004
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Errors in measuring trabecular bone by computed tomography due to marrow and bone composition (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 148-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Computed tomography ; Densitometry ; Osteoporosis ; Osteomalacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The linear attenuation coefficient (μ in cm1) of trabecular bone was modeled for different conditions of bone and marrow composition in order to assess their influence on computed tomography (CT) quantitation. A large relative change (10% of TBV at 15% TBV) of bone concentration resulted in small changes of μ: 2.3% at 60 keV, 3.4% at 44 keV, 5.2% at 29 keV. Relative changes of trabecular bone volume (TBV) on the order of 3% could be detectedin vivo by CT were it not for errors of relocation and for compositional influences on accuracy. The μ (and density) depended critically not only on amounts of bone substance and marrow but on their compositions. Normal variation in the composition of bone substance produced an uncertainty in μ equivalent to 0.5 to 1% TBV. Increases of yellow marrow produced a decrease of μ which could be mistaken for a decrease of bone concentration. The biological variation (90% confidence limit) of marrow composition gives an uncertainty at 15% TBV of about 2.4% TBV at 60 keV, 1.7% at 44 keV, and 1.3% at 29 keV. These correspond to relative uncertainities of 16, 11, and 9% respectively. These factors help explain the large accuracy errors (30%) observed in all studies of trabecular bone where single-energy CT was used. Marrow composition also can affect precision of bone measurement. Systematic shifts of red and yellow marrow could mask biological changes such as those occurring with aging or treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405022
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean wall thickness and formation periods of trabecular bone packets in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 410-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone remodeling ; Histomorphometry ; Corticosteroid therapy ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We have compared the mean wall thickness (MWT) and active formation periods (sigmaf(A)) of trabecular bone packets in iliac crest biopsies from 20 patients (7 male, 13 female) with corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis (CS-OP) and 20 age- and sex-matched controls. The trabecular bone volume (TBV) of the CS-OP patients (9.6%±2.2% [SD]) was significantly reduced compared to controls (19.3%±5.1%). The MWT of CS-OP patients (32.7±4.3 µm) was also significantly lower than the control value (48.0±6.2 µm). There was a positive correlation between MWT and TBV in both groups. The mineralization rate (M) of the CS-OP patients (0.54±0.25 µm/day) was within the normal range, and since there was no increase in osteoid seam thickness, so therefore was the osteoblastic appositional rate (OAR). The active formation period of trabecular bone packets (sigmaf(A)=MWT/M) was significantly lower in the CS-OP patients (55.9 ± 14.4 days) than in the control group (68.1 ± 9.4 days). MWT and sigmaf(A) both decreased with age in the control group, whereas in the CS-OP group they were independent of age. We conclude that corticosteroid therapy results in a reduction of the MWT of trabecular bone packets and, consequently, of TBV. In these patients, where the OAR was normal, the reduction in MWT was apparently caused by a shortening of the lifespan of the active osteoblastic population at the basic multicellular unit (BMU) level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405069
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone metabolism in idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis: A case report (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 5-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Quantitative bone histology ; Bone metabolism ; Developmental bone disease ; Growth disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A previously healthy 12-year-old boy developed pain on walking and x-rays showed osteoporosis. Over the next 2 years deterioration occurred, the condition became extremely severe, and he was confined to a wheelchair. After 5 years, marked kyphoscoliosis and pigeon chest deformity were present and little increase in height occurred. A wheelchair accident at the age of 17 resulted in several major long bone fractures. Iliac crest biopsies were taken at ages 15 and 17, and subjected to quantitative histology. A histochemical technique for osteoclast recognition by acid phosphatase activity showed resorption parameters to be normal. Double tetracycline labeling and histochemical identification of osteoblasts showed no abnormality of endosteal bone formation. Because of “coupling” of endosteal formation and resorption, these measurements might primarily reflect bone turnover. Failure of periosteal bone formation as shown by failure of radial growth of long bones and of epiphyseal growth was clearly evident. It is likely that osteoporosis developed in this patient due to a reduction in bone formation of unknown etiology rather than by increased bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02404998
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of bone apatite in osteoporotic and normal Eskimos (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 392-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Infrared ; Bone mineral ; Bone resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary An infrared and x-ray diffraction study of osteoporotic and normal, archaeological Eskimo bones. Osteoporotic bone apatite is greater in crystal size and/or perfection and lower in CO3 than normal bone apatite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405064
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mast-cell proliferation in postmenopausal osteoporosis (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 29-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Mast cells ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Because mast cell proliferation has been reported in disorders of abnormal bone remodeling, we quantitated the number of mast cells in undecalcified section of iliac crest bone from 16 untreated women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and contrasted the findings to values from 10 normal women and 12 normal men. The mean number of marrow mast cells was greater in normal women than men (1.17 vs 0.40 cells per mm2,P〈0.05). Compared to the normal women, osteoporotic women had a greater number of mast cells in the marrow (3.38 vs 1.17 cells per mm2,P〈0.01). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between the number of marrow mast cells and either the patient's age or the severity of the bone lesions, as assessed by histomorphometry. Our findings confirm the association between increased numbers of mast cells and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405002
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral 1,25(OH)2D3: An effective prophylactic treatment for glucocorticoid osteopenia in rats (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 107-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; Glucocorticoid ; Vitamin D ; Osteoporosis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Eighty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given a diet with either (a) 0.5% Ca and 0.6% P or (b) 0.01% Ca and 0.6% P. Osteopenia was created by adding prednisolone to the diet. The prophylactic effect of oral 1,25(OH)2D3 on the osteopenia was studied. It was found that prednisolone osteopenia in the rat was associated with defective Ca absorption. By giving an oral dose of 1,25(OH)2D3, it was possible to maintain normal Ca absorption during prednisolone treatment and to prevent the bone loss. No significant hypercalcemia or any kidney calcifications were seen. These results are in contrast to earlier findings, in which subcutaneous administration of 1,25(OH)2D3 failed to prevent prednisolone osteopenia because of its tendency to increase bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405014
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basic and clinical evaluation of the measurement of bone resonant frequency (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone resonant frequency ; Osteoporosis ; Osteomalacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new computerized apparatus was constructed to measure the resonant frequency of human ulnain vivo with high sensitivity and reproducibility. Experimental studies using aluminum bar and dried human bone revealed the importance of the ulna being positioned parallel to the radius, approximately 90 degree flexion of the elbow joint, and minimal muscle activity in order to demonstrate maximum resonant frequency of ulna. Measurement of bone resonance in monkeysin vivo and after removal of the bonein vitro showed good agreement. Product of F (maximum resonant frequency in Hz) and L (ulnar length in cm), FL, indicating the speed of propagation of sound wave through the ulna, showed a significant positive correlation with bone mineral content/bone width (BM/BW) measured by Norland-Cameron apparatus and age-bound decline in both sexes. Patients with osteomalacia and primary hyperparathyroid bone disease tended to have higher FL values than expected from BM/BW. Two-dimensional display of FL and BM/BW thus appears to be useful in distinguishing osteoporosis from osteomalacia better than the use of BM/BW alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405023
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