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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Approaches for analyzing employment stability with aggregated data for SICs in large regions or major metropolitan areas are misleading indicators of the impact of manufacturing growth in rural areas. Performance of moderate-sized individual establishments seriously impact total employment variation in small-employment-sized rural communities, requiring analysis of the determinants of employment stability of these establishments. Aggregate SIC performance and most conventional criteria for judging probable stability appear to provide very limited predictability for individual firm performance. However, manufacturing development appears generally to have desirable effects on community-wide employment stability.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Information-intensive producer services, which constitute one of the fastest growing components of the U.S. economy, have been identified as a potential contributor to economic development in rural areas. This issue is examined in a case study of a community in rural Washington State. The findings indicate that producer services have not been decentralizing to rural Washington, and that opportunities for producer services development in rural communities are limited because of the inaccessibility of markets, smaller pools of skilled labor, and the lack of agglomeration economies. Opportunities for producer services are greatest in large rural communities with high-quality telecommunications systems. Although the quality of telecommunications systems is important to the economic health of communities, advances in telecommunications can be a two-way street for rural America. While telecommunications improvements increase a rural community's access to information and make it possible for rural businesses to more easily serve non-local markets, they can also make it easier for firms located in urban areas to serve rural markets via branch offices or through the telecommunications system.
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  • 3
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Numerous studies have focused on national and regional manufacturing decline in the U.S., but far less attention has been placed on decline in substate areas. This oversight is troublesome because manufacturing decline in substate areas, particularly in the Midwest, has been severe and prolonged. This paper, therefore, examines the causes of manufacturing decline at the substate level. Specifically, I evaluate whether the impact of factors influencing decline varies according to the size and location of medium- and small-sized cities in Illinois. Survey data and loglinear modeling methods are used for the empirical analysis. The results indicate that the impact of technology lags in substate areas varies significantly by the size of cities. The effects of technology, the regional shift of manufacturing, and federal trade policies are influenced by the relative location of cities.
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  • 4
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    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The Japanese presence in U.S. banking markets is of particular significance. Japanese represent slightly over one-half of the total foreign banking presence in the U.S., concentrated in two states (California and New York). The growth of Japanese direct investment in the U.S. and the yen/dollar exchange rate appear to be the two most important economic factors influencing this rising Japanese banking presence. Japanese legislation liberalizing the flow of investment in and out of Japan, beginning in 1980, is a very important factor. Also, the International Banking Act of 1978 may be important in explaining the recent growth of Japanese bank branches in California.
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  • 5
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Many economists expect that new business survival rates in rural areas ought to be low because of inherent disadvantages of rural economies (e.g. small markets). What little evidence there is in support of this expectation is based on data which is biased toward rural areas. Using unemployment insurance tax records (ES202) for Arkansas, Maine, and North Dakota, the authors calculate and analyze new firm survival rates. Results show that new business survival rates are as high in rural areas as they are in urban areas. Further, survival rates in different industrial sectors are comparable, even when level of urbanization is taken into account. The authors conclude that economists may be overstating the inviability of rural in relation to urban economies.
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  • 6
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: National preferences for the development of regional and environmental policy are dependent on the competitive resolution of priorities emanating from four national centers of preference formation, namely: (a) national opinion leaders, (b) society at large, (c) state political institutions, and (d) the private business sector. The viability of national policies for regional development and environmental protection is assumed to be a function of the degree of systemic concordance among these four competing loci of preference formation. The paper explores differences between developed and developing countries in the formation of national preferences and analyzes the process by which competing preferences for regional development and environmental protection are ultimately resolved. It demonstrates that MDCs enjoy a high degree of harmony among their more autonomous centers of preference formation to achieve regional development goals, whereas LDCs are constrained by the dominant and coercive role of the state apparatus.
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  • 7
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book reviews in this article: Immigration Michael C. LeMay, ed. City Finance Helen F. Ladd and John Yinger. The Impact of Impact Assessment Robert V. Bartlett, ed. Status: Professional vs. Capitalist Tom Bottomore and Robert J. Bryn, eds.
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  • 8
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Standardized features dominate the retail landscape of the United States and are the physical components of retail districts. This study tests the hypothesis that standardized building blocks have failed to produce the same retail structure in all metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). Ninety-two medium-sized MS As are analyzed to determine if the arrangement and strength of their retail districts differ. The relationship between functional and spatial aspects of retail structure in central place theory provides a basis for testing the hypothesis of diversity. Christaller's separation principle provides a plausible conceptual framework for diverse retail structure if each MSA is analyzed as an isolated region. Five types of retail structure are analyzed using data obtained from the Census of Population and the Census of Retail Trade. The types are identified by performing a serial iterative partition cluster procedure on prioritized metropolitan sales variables. The statistical significance of the types is tested with Mann-Whitney U-tests of functional variables not used in the cluster analysis. Verification confirms five distinctive types. Monocentric and polycentric retail structures exist but decentralized retail structure is even more common in medium-sized MSAs. The distribution of types of retail structure follows regional pattern that indicate historical and political factors as contributing causes.
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  • 9
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The paper introduces the concept of labour equivalence and determines the index of the intensity of labour use in its terms. The measure thus defined is shown to be analogous to the predefined labour multiplier with the necessary incorporation of prices and wages. The explicit inclusion of price-wage parameters gives it the advantage of being a more efficient planning tool.
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  • 10
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book reviews in this article: Industrial Change International G J.R. Linge and G.A. van der Knaap, eds., Labor, Environment and Industrial Change. Internal Colonies C. Matthew Snipp, ed. Public Policy Impacts on American Indian Economic Development. Do People Choose in Government Service Markets? The Competitive City: The Political Economy of Suburbia. Stimulating Business-The State as EntrepreneurPeter K. Eisinger. The Rise of the Entrepreneurial State: State and Local Economic Development Policy in the United States. Alternative Service Delivery: One View John A. Rehfuss. Contracting Out in Government: A Guide to Working with Outside Contractors to Supply Public Services. Alternative Service Delivery: Another View Lawrence K. Finley ed., Public Sector Privatization: Alternative Approaches to Service Delivery. Changes: United States and Australia Lay James Gibson and Robert J. Stimson eds., Regional Structural Change: Experience and Prospects in Two Mature Economies.
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  • 11
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to explain changes in regional attractiveness as measured by the competitive component of the shift-share model. This is done by applying the shift-share model to the manufacturing sector in the province of Quebec and using time series data for twenty two-digit industries as the basis of analysis. The study concludes that shift-share is useful for analyzing historical employment patterns and identifying their causes through regression analysis. However, the inherent structural instability limits the predictive potential of the model.
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  • 12
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book reviews in this article: Trends in Urban Change Examined Michael G. H. McGeary and Laurence E. Lynn, Jr. eds., Urban Change and Poverry. Swedes and Norwegians Briant Lindsay Lowell. Scandinavian Exodus: Demography and Social Development of 19th Century Rural Communities. Environmental Management Joseph M. Petulla. Environmental Protection in the United States: Industries, Agencies, Environmentalists.
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  • 13
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book reviews in this article: Environmental Watchdogs James A. Tober. Native Americans C. Matthew Who Owns the Subsurface? Ronald T. Libby. Middle East Michael Bar-Zohar. A Green World S. Frederick
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  • 14
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: This article examines the question of whether the traditional view of a complementary relationship between universities and local businesses is still appropriate or whether auxiliary activities and other competitive elements have changed this relationship. Cross-sectional data on over 3100 counties and 3300 institutions are used to analyze the effects of university enrollment and auxiliary activities on county-level employment in the retail, financial, and service sectors. Findings indicate that the negative effects of university auxiliary activities are confined to relatively small counties, are small in magnitude, and are more than offset by the positive effects of spending by universities and students. The overall impact is positive, is more pronounced in more populous counties, and has increased over time.
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  • 15
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 16
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 17
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 18
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 19
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 20
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 21
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 22
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 23
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 24
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book Review in this ArticleE. Owen Smith, ed., Trade Unions in the Developed EconomiesNorman Walzer and Glenn W. Fisher, Cities, Suburbs, and Property TuxesStephen Steinberg, The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in AmericaW. Patrick Beaton, John H. Weyland, and Nancy C. Newman, Energy Forecasting for Planners: Transportation ModelsRobert Emil Botsch, We Shall Not Overcome: Populism and Southern Blue-Collar WorkersRichard C. Carlson, Willis W. Harman, and Peter Schwartz, Energy Futures, Human Values, and Lifestyles: A New Look at the Energy CrisisK. J. Button, A. D. Pearman, and A. S. Fowkes, Car Ownership Modelling and ForecastingFred C. Shapiro, Radwaste: A Reporter's Investigation of a Growing Nuclear MenaceDonald Appleyard, Livable Streets
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  • 25
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 26
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    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Book Review in this ArticleRalph M. Kramer, Voluntary Agencies in the Welfare State.Boris S. Pushkarev with Jeffrey M. Zupan and Robert S. Cumella, Urban Rail in America: An Exploration of Criteria for Fixed-Guideway Transit.Jon Van Til, Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities.Robert Orr Whyte and Pauline Whyte, The Women of Rural Asia.William P. Browne and Don F. Hadwiger, eds., Rural Policy Problems: Changing Dimensions.Alan Lewis, The Psychology of Taxation.A. G. Aganbegyan, ed., Regional Studies for Planning and Projecting: The Siberian Experience.Yusuf J. Ahmad and Frank G. Müller, eds., Integrated Physical, Socio-economic, and Environmental PlanningBela Balassa, Development Strategies in Semi-industrial Economies.Steven C. Ballard et al., Water and Western Energy: Impacts, Issues, and ChoicesDennis Bloodworth, The Messiah and the Mandarins: Mao Tsetung and the Ironies of Power.Landrum R. Bolling with Craig Smith, Private Foreign Aid: U.S. Philanthropy for Relief and Development.Coralie Bryant and Louise G. White, Managing Development in the Third World.V. Bulmer-Thomas, Input-Output Analysis in Developing Countries: Sources, Methods, and Applications.Robert W. Burchell and David Listokin, eds., Energy and Land Use.Canada, Department of Regional Economic Expansion, A Guide to Regional Multiplier EstimationMichael J. Carter and William H. Leahy, eds., New Directions in Labor Economics and Industrial Relations.E. William Colglazier, Jr., ed., The Politics of Nuclear Waste.Martin Counihan, A Dictionary of Energy.
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  • 27
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    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
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  • 28
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
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  • 29
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
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  • 30
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    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
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  • 31
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    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
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  • 32
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    Growth and change 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
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  • 33
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Three variations in regional policy distinguish the conduct of the nationalized British coal industry—social industry, state industry, and state commerce. Each variation takes a distinct approach to natural and human resource development in chronically depressed regions such as the peripheral coal fields in Britain or the Appalachian coal fields in the United States. Central to the variation are recognition of the factor of decline that E. F. Schumacher analyzed in the 1950s and the mitigation of social welfare consequences of shifts in production and investment. Schumacher's analysis raised policy issues of social welfare, resource development, and energy. These emerged again in the British coalminers'strike of 1984–85. Broad issues like these are likely to surface in regions where employment is concentrated in a declining industry facing new and severe competition.
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: This paper analyzes the Sengstock typology of annexation laws for predictive power. Cities were found to annex at different rates when categorized according to the Sengstock typology. Cities allowed to annex land areas under municipal determination provisions were found to annex at higher rates than cities that annexed under predominantly under other types of laws. Cities that annexed under judicial determination provisions were found to annex land areas at lower rates than cities that annexed under other types of laws.
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  • 35
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Rankings of economics departments nationwide and in the South are calculated using numbers of pages published in three of the most highly ranked journals for the periods 1978–83, 1983–88, and 1978–88. Changes in the rankings between the 1978–83 and 1983–88 time periods are examined, and the results are compared to those obtained in previous studies. While the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between our nationwide 1978–83 and 1983–88 rankings is .80, there are a number of cases of substantial movements by individual schools either up or down in the rankings.
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: This paper utilizes newly available industry-specific historical measures of Gross Regional Product to highlight the changing regional structure of the U.S. economy between 1963 and 1986. During this period, the percentage of U.S. output produced in the eight different regions changed significantly. The largest changes occurred in the Great Lakes (−3.65 percent), Mideast (−3.32 percent), and Southeast (+3.64 percent).Four major industry sectors (Agriculture, Mining, Construction, and Government) declined in relative importance in all eight regions. Five major industry sectors (TCPU, Retail Trade, Wholesale Trade, FIRE, and Services) expanded in relative importance. Somewhat surprisingly, Manufacturing output expanded for the U.S. as a whole and for six of the eight regions. The perception of decline in the relative importance of manufacturing in the U.S. is clearly based on the dramatic declines in the once dominant manufacturing base of the Mideast and Great Lakes regions.
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to construct monthly manufacturing output indexes for a metropolitan area, employing a method used by the Federal Reserve Banks to construct regional manufacturing indexes. The Tulsa metropolitan area is the region considered. The index of total manufacturing output is included in a vector autoregression model of the Tulsa economy. The results indicate that the linkages between manufacturing activity and non-manufacturing employment differ from the linkages between employment in those sectors, and that since the early 1980s both sectors have become less sensitive to changes in the price of oil.
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: One solution that has been proposed for the fiscal disparities in fragmented metropolitan areas is the sharing of taxes generated by commercial and industrial property. A criticism of this proposal is that it distorts the efficient pattern of business locations resulting when an implicit market for business locations is allowed to develop through the independent fiscal behavior of communities and the optimizing location behavior of businesses. Critics recognize that the efficiency argument against sharing a metropolitan area's business tax base must be qualified to the extent that local governments possess location advantages which enable them to extract rents from business firms. This paper presents an empirical analysis which permits a partition of the local property tax payments from industrial firms into accessibility location rents and compensation payments to the community for the negative externalities of industrial development. The empirical analysis suggests that approximately 40 percent of the industrial taxes received by communities in this analysis represents accessibility location rents. It is concluded that these receipts could be redistributed through a metropolitan area tax base sharing program without affecting the efficiency of the implicit market for business locations.
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: What follows is a comment on Noel D. Uri's “The Structure of Agricultural Unemployment in the United States,” published in Growth and Change in Summer 1989. Uri's reply appears after the comment.
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    Growth and change 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The ability of small rural governments to provide local public goods in a Pareto-efficient manner is examined. A test developed by Brueckner (1982) is used to examine the efficiency of a sample of town governments in rural Maine. The empirical results suggest that local property values are maximized, which implies that local public goods are provided in a Pareto-efficient manner.
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    Notes: Year in and year out, flooding causes greater dollar losses than any other natural hazard. To cope with that problem, more than 17,000 communities across the US have adopted riverine floodplain management programs to reduce the amount of urban development at risk from flooding and flood-related damage. This article examines the extent to which floodplain management programs influence the investment and predevelopment decisions of owners of vacant floodplain land in ten selected cities. Such public programs are found to alleviate investment and development pressure in flood hazard areas. Community-wide factors such as the availability of non-floodplain buildable land, however, can magnify or depress this effect of public policy on investment activity. Further, landowner perceptions of the flood hazard itself have an important influence on anticipated property appreciation and investment activity.
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    Notes: In this paper we estimate alternative models of the growth rate of real housing investment for Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and the U.S. Pure time series models generally provide superior fit to these growth rate data both within and out of the sample period. These time series models are then used to forecast investment growth rates in other countries. The results indicate that such time series models can be used to provide reasonable accurate forecasts for other countries.
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    Notes: Book Review in this ArticleDuncan Sim, Change in the City Centre.Naomi Black and Ann Baker Cottrell, eds., Women and World Change: Equity Issues in Development.Raymond C. Scheppach and Everett M. Ehrlich, eds., Energy-Policy Analysis and Congressional ActionBrian Bayliss, Planning and Control in the Transport SectorRobert W. Lake, The New Suburbanites: Race and Housing in the SuburbsCarl H. Reidel, ed., New England Prospects: Critical Choices in a Time of ChangeJohn Cathie, The Political Economy of Food AidMichael N. Danielson and Jameson W. Doig, New York: The Politics of Urban Regional Development.Oran R. Young, Natural Resources and the State: The Political Economy of Resource Management.Albert O. Hirschman, Shifting Involvements: Private Interest and Public ActionDavid Listokin et al., Landmarks Preservation and the Property Tax: Assessing Landmark Buildings for Real Taxation Purposes.Richard H. Sabot, ed., Migration and the Labor Market in Developing CountriesDavid W. Countryman and Denise M. Sofranko, eds., Guiding Land Use Decisions: Planning and Management for Forests and RecreationJudith A. Martin and David A. Lanegran, Where We Live: The Residential Districts of Minneapolis and Saint Paul
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    Notes: Book Review in this ArticleRonald G. Ehrenberg and Paul L. Schumann, Longer Hours or More Jobs? An Investigation of Amending Hours Legislation to Create EmploymentDaniel Swartzman, Richard A. Liroff, and Kevin G. Croke, Cost-Benefit Analysis and Environmental Regulations: Politics, Ethics, and Methods.Suzanne Keller, ed., Building for Women.Herman L. Boschken, Land Use Conflicts: Organizational Design and Resource Management.Robert G. Healy and James L. Short, The Market for Rural Land: Trends, Issues, Policies.Seymour Warkov and Judith W. Meyer, Solar Diffusion and Public Incentives.Michael H. Lang, Gentrification amid Urban Decline: Strategies for America's Older Cities.Alan L. Sorkin, Economic Aspects of Natural Hazards.Clement Cottingham, ed., Race, Poverty, and the Urban Underclass.Thomas M. Stanback, Jr., et al., Services: The New Economy.Richard C. Rich, ed., The Politics of Urban Public Services.M. C. Ricklefs, A History of Modern Indonesia: c. 1300 to the Present.Lloyd Rodwin, Cities and City Planning.Julian B. Roebuck and Mark Hickson III, The Southern Redneck: A Phenomenological Class Study.J. Michael Ross and William M. Berg, “I Respectfully Disagree with the Judge's Order”: The Boston School Desegregation Controversy.Gundars Rudzitis, Residential Locution Determinants of the Older PopulationFrank H. Stephen, ed., The Performance of Labor-Managed Firms.George Sternlieb, James W. Hughes, and Connie 0. Hughes, Demographic Trends and Economic Reality: Planning and Markets in the 80's.Robert P. Taylor, Rural Energy Development in China.George S. Tolley, Vinod Thomas, and Chung Ming Wong, Agricultural Price Policies and the Developing Countries.G. P. Tottle, ed., Use of Computers for National Development-Agriculture: An Annotated Bibliography.Noel D. Uri, Dimensions of Energy Economics.Bruce A. Weber and Robert E. Howell, eds., Coping with Rapid Growth in Rural Communities.Sidney Weintraub and Stanley R. Ross, “Temporary” Alien Workers in the United States: Designing Policy from Fact and Opinion.Robert Woods, Theoretical Population Geography.
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    Notes: More and more cities are being encouraged to subsidize sports stadiums as an economic development tool. In this paper regression analysis using census data on nine different metropolitan areas is employed to evaluate the impact of stadiums and professional sports teams on area development. Previous attempts to estimate the effectiveness of sports-based development have used assumption-driven trade multiplier models. The evidence presented here is that the presence of a new or renovated stadium has an uncertain impact on the levels of personal income and possibly a negative impact on local development relative to the region. These results should serve as a caution to those who assume or assert a large positive stadium impact.
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    Notes: This study examines the impact of tax rates and tax rate differentials in a trade area on local sales tax revenues. Sales data for FY 1986 were analyzed for the 75 nonmetropolitan communities in Oklahoma with populations between 2,500 and 50,000. Multiple regression techniques were used to estimate local tax revenues as a function of tax rates, tax rate differential and local community economic and locational attributes.The results indicate that the tax rate differential was not significantly related to local revenue collection in the overall sample, but that the differential was significant for rural communities with relatively higher tax rates. Tax rate, income, service sector employment and a gravity factor were also significant influences on local sales tax revenues. These results imply that, because of the unique characteristics of rural retail markets and the dominance of rural trade centers, these rural trade center cities are able to raise local tax rates and effectively export tax burden to nonresidents without significantly affecting their retail sales when the tax differential is not a large one.
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    Notes: This paper extends previous theorems concerning aggregation bias in single-region and national input-output models to interregional input-output (IRIO) models. The results indicate that the conditions for zero aggregation bias are more stringent in input-output models involving multiple regions. In addition, the paper derives the relationship between the information content of IRIO and national input-output accounts. The results confirm the conventional wisdom that the information content of multiple region input-output models of the U.S. economy contain more information than national input-output models.
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    Notes: New York State lotto data are examined to determine whether the sales slowdown experienced by many state lotteries between 1985 and 1987 was due to a decline in interest by bettors or to a scarcity of large jackpots. Regression analysis shows that lotto sales accelerate as jackpots grow. Rising bettor participation causes fewer rollovers and smaller jackpots; this was the primary cause of the sales slowdown in New York. Increasing the odds against winning generates larger prizes and sales growth.
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    Journal of regional science 30 (1990), S. 0 
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    Notes: Goods production and services have become increasingly integrated within a flexible, information-oriented system of production organization. In this context, it is argued here that producer services–carried out both within manufacturing firms and by “independent” enterprises–play a pivotal role in expanding the division of labor, productivity, and per capita income. This proposition is supported by results of an empirical analysis of metropolitan areas in major U.S. regions and in the nation as a whole.
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    Notes: In this paper, we outline the specification and estimation of a time series of multiregional net-migration equations subject to first-order serial correlation. We show that the necessary nonstochastic adding-up constraint, which requires that net migration in the system sum to zero, imposes restrictions on the serial-correlation coefficients. We estimate equations under these restrictions using data for the ten Canadian provinces for the period 1962-1985. The results confirm the significance of the serial-correlation coefficient and, hence, the importance of incorporating this correction in future time-series models of multiregional migration.
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    Notes: In this paper, I present an axiomatic basis for the neoclassical model of household location in a monocentric urban area. I generalize the existing framework and demonstrate that many of the conclusions derived using parametric models continue to hold even without the popularly assumed well-behaved utility and transportation cost functions.
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    Notes: This paper shows that a time-series version of export-based location quotients, which decompose area employment into export and local components are co-integrated. Given the statistically established co-integrating relation between the time series for export and local employment, the Granger Representation Theorem tells us that an error-correction mechanism model is the appropriate time-series model specification. A set of forecasting experiments is carried out, in order to test whether the error-correction model produces better long-run forecasts that hold together in economically meaningful ways. Given the computer hardware and software that currently exist, the model developed here represents a simple, low-cost method for accurately forecasting local-area employment in the tradition of past work on export-base models.
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    Notes: With the view that travel behavior stems from the principle of utility maximization, in this paper I present a spatial translog demand model that accounts for interdependence among travel alternatives and that handles varying elasticities of substitution for various destination pairs. Using simulation as the mode of inquiry, this model describes the effect of spatial size, spatial configuration, and spatial substitution on spatial interaction. In addition to indicating how varying spatial sizes and configurations affect the average trip length and the trip making pattern, the simulation results also point out the possible effect of having spatially dependent locations in the system. Competing destinations increase the attractiveness of nearby locations, and complementary destinations reduce the impeding effect of space. The model is primarily relevant to the demand for shopping trips.
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    Notes: This paper examines the theoretical implications of quantity-discounted transportation rates on the optimum location decision of the firm. It shows that the linearly homogeneous or homothetic production function is not a sufficient condition for the independence between the optimum location and the output level, unless (i) the elasticities of transportation rates with respect to quantity shipped are constant and identical, and (ii) the ratios of marginal products 60 the marginal transportation costs are equal for each input.
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    Notes: A Marginal Economy? East Anglian Breckland in the Later Middle Ages, by Mark Bailey. Peripheralisation and Industrial Change, edited by G. J. R. Linge. Recursive Methods in Economic Dynamics, by Nancy L. Stokey and Robert E. Lucas, Jr., with Edward C. Prescott. Facility Location Analysis: Theory and Applications, edited by François V. Louveaux, Martine Labbé, and Jacques-François Thisse. Expert Systems: Applications to Urban Planning, edited by Tschangho John Kim, Lyna L. Wiggins, and Jeff R. Wright. Modelling Urban Housing Market Dynamics, by L. J. G. Van Wissen and Annamarie Rima. Choice and Allocation Models for the Housing Market, by Jan Rouwendal. The Economic Value of Visibility, edited by George Tolley and Robert Fabian. Benefit-Cost Analysis: A Political Economy Approach, by A. Allan Schmid. Regional Economic Modeling in Theory and in Practice, by Curtis C. Harris, Jr. and Mehrzad Nadji. Integrated Multiregion Models for Policy Analysis: An Australian Perspective, by Christine Smith. Information Technology: Social and Spatial Perspectives, edited by Isao Orishimo, Geoffrey J. D. Hewings, and Peter Nijkamp.
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    Notes: The stability of regression coefficients over the observation set (“regional homogeneity”) is typically assessed by means of a Chow test or within a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) framework. When spatial error autocorrelation is present in cross-sectional equations the traditional tests are no longer applicable. I evaluate this both in formal terms as well as empirically. I introduce a taxonomy of spatial effects in models for structural instability, and discuss its implication for testing. I compare the performance of traditional tests, robust approaches, maximum-likelihood procedures and pretest techniques by means of a series of simple Monte Carlo experiments.
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    Notes: The present paper derives analytical expressions for the sensitivity of input-output multipliers to errors in the data. The effects on the simple output multipliers are investigated for additive errors, multiplicative errors in the columns, multiplicative errors in the rows, error rectangles, the error couple and the single error, and price changes. In contrast to earlier investigations, the results are not obtained from the Leontief inverse. The present approach focusses on the effects of errors on the eigenvector corresponding to the dominant eigenvalue. It is indicated how similar expressions may be derived for several other multipliers.
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    Notes: In this note, I present a method to estimate the desired distance between medical facilities. The survival rate of patients improves when the facility is larger, however larger facilities result in a longer driving distance to the facility which decreases the survival rate. I identify the desired distance between facilities for which the survival rate is maximized.
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    Notes: A wide variety of existing models of spatial agglomeration postulate additive-interaction effects among agents. In this paper, a synthesis of such models is achieved by establishing certain mathematical equivalences between them. In particular, it is shown that Rockafellar's conjugacy theory of concave functions yields a symmetric one-to-one correspondence between three classes of existing models, here designated as spatial-accessibility models, endogenous-contact models, and fixed-contact models. These correspondences not only allow the transference of results between models, but also suggest new economic interpretations of each model in terms of its conjugate model. A series of examples are drawn from the literature to illustrate these results.
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    Notes: In this paper, we use a two-stage intercity hedonic model to estimate household demand for public safety. This approach is shown to readily address the identification problem inherent in the hedonic model. Data from the 1980 Public Use Microdata Sample are used to estimate a willingness-to-pay function for the public-safety good. Income is found to be the primary determinant of willingness to pay. Indeed, the influence of income outweighs the combined impact of family life-cycle considerations.
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  • 87
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Workplace Industrial Relations Survey shows that in the large majority of cases the introduction of new technology is supported by the workers affected and their union representatives. In contrast, organisational change receives a more mixed response. Case studies reveal some of the principal reasons for the contrasting reactions to different forms of change.
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  • 88
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article uses case study data to explore the relationship between skill and workers’attitudes to technological change. A detailed model of skill is constructed to examine whether and how jobs are deskilled. The influence of a range of skill-based and other factors on attitudes is then assessed.
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  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Here the authors explore how the labour process approach and the socio-technical approach can be used in the process of design and redesign of production organizations. The implications of both approaches are looked at in several cases of work reorganization in Rotterdam harbour.
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article analyses the extent, evaluation and strategies for the future of employees, representatives and management regarding participation in technological change. The results from interviews in the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Denmark show a low level of involvement, particularly in strategic decision making, a positive evaluation of participation by practitioners and the intention to increase levels of involvement on both sides of industry.
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  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Here the author examines the relationship of technical change and job skills amongst maintenance workers in telecommunications in Britain. It demonstrates that there are significant variations within different areas of such maintenance work and strongly challenges the notion that such maintenance work is subject to a generic process of deskilling in the present era.
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  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Book reviewed in this articleComputers in the Human ContextThe Technical Fix: Education, Computers and IndustryOffice Automation: The Labour Process and Women's Work in BritainManagerial Strategy for New TechnologyTelecommunications Policy and Management
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Belgium has a very developed system of national collective bargaining and as a result, it is one of the few countries with a national technology agreement. An analysis revealed that this agreement was not used very much. This article looks at the use and importance of technology agreements for unions.
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Great claims have been made about the growth prospects of the telematics sector, the primary source of communications networks and services. However, this article argues that the telematics sector faces some formidable barriers to growth, especially with respect to skills provision.
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Both upskilling and deskilling theses are frequently at fault in treating the unit of analysis as the skill residing in a particular group of workers, when it is the intersecting roles and labour markets, established over a period of time by recruitment, training, and job design policies, which are analytically significant.
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A questionnaire and interview study of women office workers in the West Midlands, who had recently experienced technical change, is used to examine their perceptions both of changes in their jobs and of the implementation process. The consequences for women's opportunities are discussed.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Book reviewed in this articleWork-Oriented Design of Computer ArtifactsNew Technology in ContextStrategies for Success: Case Studies in Advanced Manufacturing TechnologyComputers and Democracy: A Scandinavian ChallengeTechnology and WorkOn Work: Historical, Comparative and Theoretical ApproachesPeople and Computers: how to evaluate your company's new technologyTechnology and Competition in the International Telecommunications IndustryTrading Technology: Europe and Japan in the Middle East
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
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    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Japanese banks account for the top nine of the world's ten biggest banks. Rationalization has led to increased control of employees in the sphere of labour management. This article examines labour management and working conditions in relation to the introduction of new office technology.
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Singapore journal of tropical geography 4 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9493
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography
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  • 100
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    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Singapore journal of tropical geography 4 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9493
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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